Effect of Treatment of Hypokinetic Dysarthria in Parkinson's Disease with Speech and Language Therapy: A Meta-Analysis
Abstract
Background: A meta-analysis study was conducted to measure how to forecast the effect of treatment of hypokinetic dysarthria in Parkinson's-disease with speech and language therapy.
Methods: Until October 2024, a comprehensive literature research was conducted, and 1665 related studies were reviewed. The 14 selected studies encompassed 948 participants with hypokinetic dysarthria in Parkinson's disease. The odds ratio (OR) mean difference (MD) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were used to look at the outcome of treatment of hypokinetic dysarthria in Parkinson's disease with speech and language therapy using dichotomous or continuous methods with a fixed- or random-effects model.
Results: In individuals with hypokinetic dysarthria in Parkinson-disease, speech and language therapy had significantly higher sound pressure level, phonation (MD, 7. 51; 95% CI, 3. 81-11. 20, p<0. 001), reading (MD, 8. 83; 95% CI, 4. 96-12. 69, p<0. 001), monologue (MD, 4. 28; 95% CI, 2. 47-6. 10, p<0. 001), and picture description (MD, 3. 64; 95% CI, 1. 78-5. 50, p<0. 001), and lower Voice Handicap Index (MD, -5. 61; 95% CI, -9. 05- -2. 17, p=0. 001) compared to control treatment.
Conclusion: In individuals with hypokinetic dysarthria in Parkinson's disease, speech and language therapy had significantly higher sound pressure level, phonation, reading, monologue, and picture description, and lower Voice Handicap Index compared to control treatment. To validate these finding more studies are required, caution is needed when interpreting these results, since many comparisons had a limited number of selected studies.
1. Lee A, Gilbert RM (2016). Epidemiology of Parkinson Disease. Neurol Clin, 34 (4):955-965.
2. Freeman JS, Cody FW, Schady W (1993). The influence of external timing cues upon the rhythm of voluntary movements in Parkinson's disease. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry, 56 (10):1078-1084.
3. Jankovic J (2008). Parkinson’s disease: clinical features and diagnosis. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry, 79 (4):368-376.
4. de Dreu MJ, van der Wilk ASD, Poppe E, et al (2012). Rehabilitation, exercise therapy and music in patients with Parkinson's disease: a meta-analysis of the effects of music-based movement therapy on walking ability, balance and quality of life. Parkinsonism Relat Disord, 18 Suppl 1:S114-9.
5. Borgohain R, Kandadai RM, Jabeen A, et al (2012). Nonmotor outcomes in Parkinson’s disease: is deep brain stimulation better than dopamine replacement therapy? Ther Adv Neurol Disord, 5 (1):23-41.
6. Jenner P (2015). Treatment of the later stages of Parkinson’s disease – pharmacological approaches now and in the future. Transl Neurodegener, 4 :3.
7. Zafar M, Bozzorg A, Hackney ME (2017). Adapted Tango improves aspects of participation in older adults versus individuals with Parkinson’s disease. Disabil Rehabil, 39 (22):2294-2301.
8. Ramig LO, Fox C, Sapir S (2008). Speech treatment for Parkinson’s disease. Expert Rev Neurother, 8 (2):297-309.
9. Sunwoo MK, Hong JY, Lee JE, et al (2014). Depression and voice handicap in Parkinson disease. J Neurol Sci, 346 (1):112-115.
10. Ma A, Lau KK, Thyagarajan D (2020). Voice changes in Parkinson’s disease: What are they telling us? J Clin Neurosci, 72:1-7.
11. Fox CM, Ramig LO (1997). Vocal Sound Pressure Level and Self-Perception of Speech and Voice in Men and Women With Idiopathic Parkinson Disease. Am J Speech Lang Pathol, 6 (2):85-94.
12. Miller N, Noble E, Jones D, Burn D (2006). Life with communication changes in Parkinson’s disease. Age Ageing, 35 (3):235-239.
13. Amengual JL, Rojo N, Veciana de las Heras M, et al (2013). Sensorimotor Plasticity after Music-Supported Therapy in Chronic Stroke Patients Revealed by Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation. PLoS One, 8 (4):e61883.
14. Thaut MH, Rice RR, Braun Janzen T, et al (2019). Rhythmic auditory stimulation for reduction of falls in Parkinson’s disease: a randomized controlled study. Clin Rehabil, 33 (1):34-43.
15. Calabrò RS, Naro A, Filoni S, et al (2019). Walking to your right music: a randomized controlled trial on the novel use of treadmill plus music in Parkinson’s disease. J Neuroeng Rehabil, 16 (1):68.
16. Pohl P, Dizdar N, Hallert E (2013). The Ronnie Gardiner Rhythm and Music Method – a feasibility study in Parkinson’s disease. Disabil Rehabil, 35 (26):2197-2204.
17. Stegemöller EL, Hurt TR, O’Connor MC, et al (2018). Experiences of Persons With Parkinson’s Disease Engaged in Group Therapeutic Singing. J Music Ther, 54 (4):405-431.
18. Spina E, Barone P, Mosca LL, et al (2016). Music Therapy for Motor and Nonmotor Symptoms of Parkinson's Disease: A Prospective, Randomized, Controlled, Single-Blinded Study. J Am Geriatr Soc, 64 (9):e36-9.
19. Tamplin J, Morris ME, Marigliani C, et al (2019). ParkinSong: A Controlled Trial of Singing-Based Therapy for Parkinson’s Disease. Neurorehabil Neural Repair, 33 (6):453-463.
20. Raglio A (2015). Music Therapy Interventions in Parkinson’s Disease: The State-of-the-Art. Front Neurol, 6:185.
21. Barnish MS, Barran SM (2020). A systematic review of active group-based dance, singing, music therapy and theatrical interventions for quality of life, functional communication, speech, motor function and cognitive status in people with Parkinson’s disease. BMC Neurol, 20 (1):371.
22. Schröter-Morasch H, Ziegler W (2005). Rehabilitation of impaired speech function (dysarthria, dysglossia). GMS Curr Top Otorhinolaryngol Head Neck Surg, 4:Doc15.
23. Mackenzie C, Muir M, Allen C (2010). Non-speech oro-motor exercise use in acquired dysarthria management: regimes and rationales. Int J Lang Commun Disord, 45 (6):617-629.
24. Dietsch AM, Solomon NP, Sharkey LA, et al (2014). Perceptual and instrumental assessments of orofacial muscle tone in dysarthric and normal speakers. J Rehabil Res Dev, 51(7):1127-42.
25. Sapir S, Ramig LO, Hoyt P, et al (2002). Speech Loudness and Quality 12 Months after Intensive Voice Treatment (LSVT®) for Parkinson’s Disease: A Comparison with an Alternative Speech Treatment. Folia Phoniatr Logop, 54 (6):296-303.
26. Atkinson-Clement C, Sadat J, Pinto S (2015). Behavioral Treatments for Speech in Parkinson’s Disease: Meta-Analyses and Review of the Literature. Neurodegener Dis Manag, 5 (3):233-248.
27. Stroup DF, Berlin JA, Morton SC, et al (2000). Meta-analysis of observational studies in epidemiology: a proposal for reporting. JAMA, 283 (15):2008-2012.
28. Amin MA (2023). A meta-analysis of the eosinophil counts in the small intestine and colon of children without obvious gastrointestinal disease. Int J Clin Med Res, 1 (1):1-8.
29. Emad M, Osama H, Rabea H, et al (2023). Dual compared with triple antithrombotics treatment effect on ischemia and bleeding in atrial fibrillation following percutaneous coronary intervention: A meta-analysis. Int J Clin Med Res, 1 (2):77-87.
30. Giong Z, Lie N (2024). Phosphate-specific diet effect on serum phosphate levels in adults undergoing hemodialysis: A meta-analysis. Int J Clin Med Res, 2 (4):35.
31. Gu R, Xu G (2024). A meta-analysis looking at the effects of continuous management for complications related to intraoperative pressure wound ulcers in women with breast cancer. Int J Clin Med Res, 2 (4):100-106.
32. Liberati A, Altman DG, Tetzlaff J, et al (2009). The PRISMA statement for reporting systematic reviews and meta-analyses of studies that evaluate health care interventions: explanation and elaboration. J Clin Epidemiol, 62 (10):e1-34.
33. Guo Y (2024). Effect of resident participation in ophthalmic surgery on wound dehiscence: A meta-analysis. Int J Clin Med Res, 2 (2):50-56.
34. Jiany L, Xiu W (2024). Effect of Chinese herbal medicine as an adjunctive technique to standard treatment for personal with diabetic foot ulcers: A meta-analysis. Int J Clin Med Res, 2 (4).
35. Koang Y (2024). A meta-analysis on the use of photobiomodulation to regulate gingival wound healing in addition to periodontal therapies. Int J Clin Med Res, 2 (4).
36. Osama H, Saeed H, Nicola M, et al (2023). Neuraxial anesthesia compared to general anesthesia in subjects with hip fracture surgery: A meta-analysis. Int J Clin Med Res, 1 (2):66-76.
37. Shaaban MEA, Mohamed AIM (2023). Determining the efficacy of N-acetyl cysteine in treatment of pneumonia in COVID-19 hospitalized patients: A meta-analysis. Int J Clin Med Res, 1 (2):36-42.
38. Singh RK (2023). A meta-analysis of the impact on gastrectomy versus endoscopic submucosal dissection for early stomach cancer. Int J Clin Med Res, 1 (3):88-99.
39. Gupta S, Rout G, Patel AH, et al (2018). Efficacy of generic oral directly acting agents in patients with hepatitis C virus infection. J Viral Hepat, 25 (7):771-778.
40. Sheikhbahaei S, Trahan TJ, Xiao J, et al (2016). FDG-PET/CT and MRI for Evaluation of Pathologic Response to Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy in Patients With Breast Cancer: A Meta-Analysis of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies. Oncologist, 21 (8):931-9.
41. Higgins JP, Thompson SG, Deeks JJ, et al (2003). Measuring inconsistency in meta-analyses. BMJ, 327 (7414):557-560.
42. Johnson JA, Pring TR (1990). Speech therapy and Parkinson's disease: A review and further data. Br J Disord Commun, 25 (2):183-194.
43. Ramig LO, Countryman S, Thompson LL, et al (1995). Comparison of two forms of intensive speech treatment for Parkinson disease. J Speech Hear Res, 38 (6):1232-51.
44. Ramig LO, Dromey C (1996). Aerodynamic Mechanisms Underlying Treatment-Related Changes in Vocal Intensity in Patients With Parkinson Disease. J Speech Hear Res, 39 (4):798-807.
45. Ramig LO, Sapir S, Countryman S, et al (2001). Intensive voice treatment (LSVT®) for patients with Parkinson's disease: a 2 year follow up. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry, 71 (4):493-498.
46. Ramig LO, Sapir S, Fox C, et al (2001). Changes in vocal loudness following intensive voice treatment (LSVT®) in individuals with Parkinson's disease: A comparison with untreated patients and normal age-matched controls. Mov Disord, 16 (1):79-83.
47. Halpern AE, Ramig LO, Matos CEC, et al (2012). Innovative Technology for the Assisted Delivery of Intensive Voice Treatment (LSVT® LOUD ) for Parkinson Disease. Am J Speech Lang Pathol, 21 (4):354-367.
48. Ramig L, Halpern A, Spielman J, et al (2018). Speech treatment in Parkinson's disease: Randomized controlled trial (RCT). Mov Disord, 33 (11):1777-1791.
49. Sackley CM, Smith CH, Rick CE, et al (2018). Lee Silverman Voice Treatment versus standard speech and language therapy versus control in Parkinson’s disease: a pilot randomised controlled trial (PD COMM pilot). Pilot Feasibility Stud, 4:30.
50. Levy ES, Moya-Galé G, Chang YHM, et al (2020). The effects of intensive speech treatment on intelligibility in Parkinson's disease: A randomised controlled trial. EClinicalMedicine, 24: 100429.
51. Tamplin J, Morris ME, Marigliani C, et al (2020). ParkinSong: Outcomes of a 12-Month Controlled Trial of Therapeutic Singing Groups in Parkinson’s Disease. J Parkinsons Dis, 10:1217-1230.
52. Schulz G, Halpern A, Spielman J, et al (2021). Single Word Intelligibility of Individuals with Parkinson’s Disease in Noise: Pre-Specified Secondary Outcome Variables from a Randomized Control Trial (RCT) Comparing Two Intensive Speech Treatments (LSVT LOUD vs. LSVT ARTIC). Brain Sci, 11 (7):857.
53. Scobie S, Jowett S, Lambe T, et al (2021). Lee Silverman Voice Treatment versus standard speech and language therapy versus control in Parkinson’s disease: preliminary cost-consequence analysis of the PD COMM pilot randomised controlled trial. Pilot Feasibility Stud, 7 (1):154.
54. Maas JJL, de Vries NM, IntHout J, et al (2024). Effectiveness of remotely delivered speech therapy in persons with Parkinson's disease – a randomised controlled trial. EClinicalMedicine, 76: 102823.
55. Sackley CM, Rick C, Brady MC, et al (2024). The effect of two speech and language approaches on speech problems in people with Parkinson's disease: the PD COMM RCT. Health Technol Assess, 28 (58):1-141.
56. Sapir S, Spielman J, Ramig LO, et al (2003). Effects of Intensive Voice Treatment (the Lee Silverman Voice Treatment [LSVT]) on Ataxic Dysarthria. Am J Speech Lang Pathol, 12 (4):387-399.
57. Sapir S, Spielman JL, Ramig LO, et al (2007). Effects of Intensive Voice Treatment (the Lee Silverman Voice Treatment [LSVT]) on Vowel Articulation in Dysarthric Individuals With Idiopathic Parkinson Disease: Acoustic and Perceptual Findings. J Speech Lang Hear Res, 50 (4):899-912.
58. Dumer AI, Oster H, McCabe D, et al (2014). Effects of the Lee Silverman Voice Treatment (LSVT® LOUD) on Hypomimia in Parkinson's Disease. J Int Neuropsychol Soc, 20 (3):302-312.
59. Muñoz-Vigueras N, Prados-Román E, Valenza MC, et al (2021). Speech and language therapy treatment on hypokinetic dysarthria in Parkinson disease: Systematic review and meta-analysis. Clin Rehabil, 35 (5):639-655.
2. Freeman JS, Cody FW, Schady W (1993). The influence of external timing cues upon the rhythm of voluntary movements in Parkinson's disease. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry, 56 (10):1078-1084.
3. Jankovic J (2008). Parkinson’s disease: clinical features and diagnosis. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry, 79 (4):368-376.
4. de Dreu MJ, van der Wilk ASD, Poppe E, et al (2012). Rehabilitation, exercise therapy and music in patients with Parkinson's disease: a meta-analysis of the effects of music-based movement therapy on walking ability, balance and quality of life. Parkinsonism Relat Disord, 18 Suppl 1:S114-9.
5. Borgohain R, Kandadai RM, Jabeen A, et al (2012). Nonmotor outcomes in Parkinson’s disease: is deep brain stimulation better than dopamine replacement therapy? Ther Adv Neurol Disord, 5 (1):23-41.
6. Jenner P (2015). Treatment of the later stages of Parkinson’s disease – pharmacological approaches now and in the future. Transl Neurodegener, 4 :3.
7. Zafar M, Bozzorg A, Hackney ME (2017). Adapted Tango improves aspects of participation in older adults versus individuals with Parkinson’s disease. Disabil Rehabil, 39 (22):2294-2301.
8. Ramig LO, Fox C, Sapir S (2008). Speech treatment for Parkinson’s disease. Expert Rev Neurother, 8 (2):297-309.
9. Sunwoo MK, Hong JY, Lee JE, et al (2014). Depression and voice handicap in Parkinson disease. J Neurol Sci, 346 (1):112-115.
10. Ma A, Lau KK, Thyagarajan D (2020). Voice changes in Parkinson’s disease: What are they telling us? J Clin Neurosci, 72:1-7.
11. Fox CM, Ramig LO (1997). Vocal Sound Pressure Level and Self-Perception of Speech and Voice in Men and Women With Idiopathic Parkinson Disease. Am J Speech Lang Pathol, 6 (2):85-94.
12. Miller N, Noble E, Jones D, Burn D (2006). Life with communication changes in Parkinson’s disease. Age Ageing, 35 (3):235-239.
13. Amengual JL, Rojo N, Veciana de las Heras M, et al (2013). Sensorimotor Plasticity after Music-Supported Therapy in Chronic Stroke Patients Revealed by Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation. PLoS One, 8 (4):e61883.
14. Thaut MH, Rice RR, Braun Janzen T, et al (2019). Rhythmic auditory stimulation for reduction of falls in Parkinson’s disease: a randomized controlled study. Clin Rehabil, 33 (1):34-43.
15. Calabrò RS, Naro A, Filoni S, et al (2019). Walking to your right music: a randomized controlled trial on the novel use of treadmill plus music in Parkinson’s disease. J Neuroeng Rehabil, 16 (1):68.
16. Pohl P, Dizdar N, Hallert E (2013). The Ronnie Gardiner Rhythm and Music Method – a feasibility study in Parkinson’s disease. Disabil Rehabil, 35 (26):2197-2204.
17. Stegemöller EL, Hurt TR, O’Connor MC, et al (2018). Experiences of Persons With Parkinson’s Disease Engaged in Group Therapeutic Singing. J Music Ther, 54 (4):405-431.
18. Spina E, Barone P, Mosca LL, et al (2016). Music Therapy for Motor and Nonmotor Symptoms of Parkinson's Disease: A Prospective, Randomized, Controlled, Single-Blinded Study. J Am Geriatr Soc, 64 (9):e36-9.
19. Tamplin J, Morris ME, Marigliani C, et al (2019). ParkinSong: A Controlled Trial of Singing-Based Therapy for Parkinson’s Disease. Neurorehabil Neural Repair, 33 (6):453-463.
20. Raglio A (2015). Music Therapy Interventions in Parkinson’s Disease: The State-of-the-Art. Front Neurol, 6:185.
21. Barnish MS, Barran SM (2020). A systematic review of active group-based dance, singing, music therapy and theatrical interventions for quality of life, functional communication, speech, motor function and cognitive status in people with Parkinson’s disease. BMC Neurol, 20 (1):371.
22. Schröter-Morasch H, Ziegler W (2005). Rehabilitation of impaired speech function (dysarthria, dysglossia). GMS Curr Top Otorhinolaryngol Head Neck Surg, 4:Doc15.
23. Mackenzie C, Muir M, Allen C (2010). Non-speech oro-motor exercise use in acquired dysarthria management: regimes and rationales. Int J Lang Commun Disord, 45 (6):617-629.
24. Dietsch AM, Solomon NP, Sharkey LA, et al (2014). Perceptual and instrumental assessments of orofacial muscle tone in dysarthric and normal speakers. J Rehabil Res Dev, 51(7):1127-42.
25. Sapir S, Ramig LO, Hoyt P, et al (2002). Speech Loudness and Quality 12 Months after Intensive Voice Treatment (LSVT®) for Parkinson’s Disease: A Comparison with an Alternative Speech Treatment. Folia Phoniatr Logop, 54 (6):296-303.
26. Atkinson-Clement C, Sadat J, Pinto S (2015). Behavioral Treatments for Speech in Parkinson’s Disease: Meta-Analyses and Review of the Literature. Neurodegener Dis Manag, 5 (3):233-248.
27. Stroup DF, Berlin JA, Morton SC, et al (2000). Meta-analysis of observational studies in epidemiology: a proposal for reporting. JAMA, 283 (15):2008-2012.
28. Amin MA (2023). A meta-analysis of the eosinophil counts in the small intestine and colon of children without obvious gastrointestinal disease. Int J Clin Med Res, 1 (1):1-8.
29. Emad M, Osama H, Rabea H, et al (2023). Dual compared with triple antithrombotics treatment effect on ischemia and bleeding in atrial fibrillation following percutaneous coronary intervention: A meta-analysis. Int J Clin Med Res, 1 (2):77-87.
30. Giong Z, Lie N (2024). Phosphate-specific diet effect on serum phosphate levels in adults undergoing hemodialysis: A meta-analysis. Int J Clin Med Res, 2 (4):35.
31. Gu R, Xu G (2024). A meta-analysis looking at the effects of continuous management for complications related to intraoperative pressure wound ulcers in women with breast cancer. Int J Clin Med Res, 2 (4):100-106.
32. Liberati A, Altman DG, Tetzlaff J, et al (2009). The PRISMA statement for reporting systematic reviews and meta-analyses of studies that evaluate health care interventions: explanation and elaboration. J Clin Epidemiol, 62 (10):e1-34.
33. Guo Y (2024). Effect of resident participation in ophthalmic surgery on wound dehiscence: A meta-analysis. Int J Clin Med Res, 2 (2):50-56.
34. Jiany L, Xiu W (2024). Effect of Chinese herbal medicine as an adjunctive technique to standard treatment for personal with diabetic foot ulcers: A meta-analysis. Int J Clin Med Res, 2 (4).
35. Koang Y (2024). A meta-analysis on the use of photobiomodulation to regulate gingival wound healing in addition to periodontal therapies. Int J Clin Med Res, 2 (4).
36. Osama H, Saeed H, Nicola M, et al (2023). Neuraxial anesthesia compared to general anesthesia in subjects with hip fracture surgery: A meta-analysis. Int J Clin Med Res, 1 (2):66-76.
37. Shaaban MEA, Mohamed AIM (2023). Determining the efficacy of N-acetyl cysteine in treatment of pneumonia in COVID-19 hospitalized patients: A meta-analysis. Int J Clin Med Res, 1 (2):36-42.
38. Singh RK (2023). A meta-analysis of the impact on gastrectomy versus endoscopic submucosal dissection for early stomach cancer. Int J Clin Med Res, 1 (3):88-99.
39. Gupta S, Rout G, Patel AH, et al (2018). Efficacy of generic oral directly acting agents in patients with hepatitis C virus infection. J Viral Hepat, 25 (7):771-778.
40. Sheikhbahaei S, Trahan TJ, Xiao J, et al (2016). FDG-PET/CT and MRI for Evaluation of Pathologic Response to Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy in Patients With Breast Cancer: A Meta-Analysis of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies. Oncologist, 21 (8):931-9.
41. Higgins JP, Thompson SG, Deeks JJ, et al (2003). Measuring inconsistency in meta-analyses. BMJ, 327 (7414):557-560.
42. Johnson JA, Pring TR (1990). Speech therapy and Parkinson's disease: A review and further data. Br J Disord Commun, 25 (2):183-194.
43. Ramig LO, Countryman S, Thompson LL, et al (1995). Comparison of two forms of intensive speech treatment for Parkinson disease. J Speech Hear Res, 38 (6):1232-51.
44. Ramig LO, Dromey C (1996). Aerodynamic Mechanisms Underlying Treatment-Related Changes in Vocal Intensity in Patients With Parkinson Disease. J Speech Hear Res, 39 (4):798-807.
45. Ramig LO, Sapir S, Countryman S, et al (2001). Intensive voice treatment (LSVT®) for patients with Parkinson's disease: a 2 year follow up. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry, 71 (4):493-498.
46. Ramig LO, Sapir S, Fox C, et al (2001). Changes in vocal loudness following intensive voice treatment (LSVT®) in individuals with Parkinson's disease: A comparison with untreated patients and normal age-matched controls. Mov Disord, 16 (1):79-83.
47. Halpern AE, Ramig LO, Matos CEC, et al (2012). Innovative Technology for the Assisted Delivery of Intensive Voice Treatment (LSVT® LOUD ) for Parkinson Disease. Am J Speech Lang Pathol, 21 (4):354-367.
48. Ramig L, Halpern A, Spielman J, et al (2018). Speech treatment in Parkinson's disease: Randomized controlled trial (RCT). Mov Disord, 33 (11):1777-1791.
49. Sackley CM, Smith CH, Rick CE, et al (2018). Lee Silverman Voice Treatment versus standard speech and language therapy versus control in Parkinson’s disease: a pilot randomised controlled trial (PD COMM pilot). Pilot Feasibility Stud, 4:30.
50. Levy ES, Moya-Galé G, Chang YHM, et al (2020). The effects of intensive speech treatment on intelligibility in Parkinson's disease: A randomised controlled trial. EClinicalMedicine, 24: 100429.
51. Tamplin J, Morris ME, Marigliani C, et al (2020). ParkinSong: Outcomes of a 12-Month Controlled Trial of Therapeutic Singing Groups in Parkinson’s Disease. J Parkinsons Dis, 10:1217-1230.
52. Schulz G, Halpern A, Spielman J, et al (2021). Single Word Intelligibility of Individuals with Parkinson’s Disease in Noise: Pre-Specified Secondary Outcome Variables from a Randomized Control Trial (RCT) Comparing Two Intensive Speech Treatments (LSVT LOUD vs. LSVT ARTIC). Brain Sci, 11 (7):857.
53. Scobie S, Jowett S, Lambe T, et al (2021). Lee Silverman Voice Treatment versus standard speech and language therapy versus control in Parkinson’s disease: preliminary cost-consequence analysis of the PD COMM pilot randomised controlled trial. Pilot Feasibility Stud, 7 (1):154.
54. Maas JJL, de Vries NM, IntHout J, et al (2024). Effectiveness of remotely delivered speech therapy in persons with Parkinson's disease – a randomised controlled trial. EClinicalMedicine, 76: 102823.
55. Sackley CM, Rick C, Brady MC, et al (2024). The effect of two speech and language approaches on speech problems in people with Parkinson's disease: the PD COMM RCT. Health Technol Assess, 28 (58):1-141.
56. Sapir S, Spielman J, Ramig LO, et al (2003). Effects of Intensive Voice Treatment (the Lee Silverman Voice Treatment [LSVT]) on Ataxic Dysarthria. Am J Speech Lang Pathol, 12 (4):387-399.
57. Sapir S, Spielman JL, Ramig LO, et al (2007). Effects of Intensive Voice Treatment (the Lee Silverman Voice Treatment [LSVT]) on Vowel Articulation in Dysarthric Individuals With Idiopathic Parkinson Disease: Acoustic and Perceptual Findings. J Speech Lang Hear Res, 50 (4):899-912.
58. Dumer AI, Oster H, McCabe D, et al (2014). Effects of the Lee Silverman Voice Treatment (LSVT® LOUD) on Hypomimia in Parkinson's Disease. J Int Neuropsychol Soc, 20 (3):302-312.
59. Muñoz-Vigueras N, Prados-Román E, Valenza MC, et al (2021). Speech and language therapy treatment on hypokinetic dysarthria in Parkinson disease: Systematic review and meta-analysis. Clin Rehabil, 35 (5):639-655.
| Files | ||
| Issue | Vol 54 No 6 (2025) | |
| Section | Review Article(s) | |
| Keywords | ||
| Hypokinetic dysarthria Parkinson's disease Phonation Reading Monologue Sound pressure level Speech and language therapy | ||
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How to Cite
1.
Zhang L. Effect of Treatment of Hypokinetic Dysarthria in Parkinson’s Disease with Speech and Language Therapy: A Meta-Analysis. Iran J Public Health. 2025;54(6):1118-1131.
