The Determinants of Consanguineous Marriages among the Arab Population: A Systematic Review
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Abstract
Methods: This systematic review of the determinants of consanguinity among Arab populations was conducted using databases: PubMed, Medline, Direct Science, Scopus, Web of sciences, Springer, Google scholar between 2000 and 2020. Inclusion and exclusion criteria were set. The selection steps were carried out based on PRISMA guidelines. Disagreements in article selection and data extraction were resolved by discussion or recourse to a third reviewer
Results: Overall, 25 studies were selected. The synthesis of the results concerning the determinants of Arab inbreeding revealed that several economic, socio-cultural and demographic factors seem to be associated with the choice of this type of marriage, such as socioeconomic status, low level of education especially among women, early age at first marriage, place of residence especially in rural areas, and women's status in the labor market.
Conclusion: The relationship between consanguinity and economic, socio-cultural, and demographic factors may be country-specific and highly dependent on the cultural context. Public awareness of genetic risks associated with inbreeding is indispensable.
1. Belhadj M (2003). Choix du conjoint et strategies matrimoniales de jeunes femmes françaises d’origine algérienne. REMI, 19(1):195-222.
2. Cavalli-Sforza LL, Kimura M, Barrai I (1966). The probability of consanguine-ous marriages. Genetics, 54(1): 37-60.
3. Bou-Assy F, Dumont S, Saillant F (2003). Représentations sociales du mariage en-dogame et de ses conséquences bi-ologiques sur la santé des descendants chez des fiancés apparentés: Cas de deux villages chiites au Liban. Service social, 50(1):174.
4. Akrami SM, Osati Z (2007). Is consanguin-eous marriage religiously encouraged? Is-lamic and Iranian considerations. J Biosoc Sci, 39(2): 313-6.
5. Bittles AH (2002). The impact of consan-guinity on the Indian population. India - National Family Health Survey, 8:45-51.
6. Ben Hounet Y (2009). Parenté et Anthropologie Sociale. 2nd ed. Ginkgo éditeur. Paris
7. Bittles AH (1998). Empirical Estimates of the Global Prevalence of Consanguineous Marriage in Contemporary Societies. Morrison Institute for Population and Resources Studies Working Report 74, Stanford: Stanford University. https://researchrepository.murdoch.edu.au/id/eprint/13494/1/empirical_estimates.pdf
8. Jaber L, Halpern GJ, Shohat M (1998). The impact of consanguinity worldwide. Com-munity Genet, 1(1):12-7.
9. Bittles AH (2008). A community genetics perspective on consanguineous marriage. Community Genet, 11: 324-30.
10. Bener A, Alali KA (2006). Consanguineous marriage in a newly developed country: the Qatari population. J Biosoc Sci, 38(2):239-46.
11. Bittles AH, Hamamy HA (2010). Endogamy and consanguineous marriage in Arab populations. In: Teebi AS. Ed, Genetic Disorders among Arab Populations. https://researchrepository.murdoch.edu.au/id/eprint/10975/
12. Al-Gazali L, Hamamy H (2014). Consan-guinity and dysmorphology in Arabs. Hum Hered, 77(1-4): 93-107.
13. Bowirrat A, Armaly Z (2013). Consanguine-ous marriage in the Middle East: nature versus nurture. The Open Complementary Medicine Journal, 5:1-10.
14. Oniya O, Neves K, Ahmed B, et al (2019). A review of the reproductive consequences of consanguinity. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Re-prod Biol, 232: 87-96.
15. Hamamy H, Antonarakis SE, Cavalli-Sforza LL, et al (2011). Consanguineous mar-riages, pearls and perils: Geneva Interna-tional Consanguinity Workshop report. Genet Med, 13(9):841-7.
16. Liberati A, Altman DG, Tetzlaff J, et al (2009). The PRISMA statement for re-porting systematic reviews and meta-analyses of studies that evaluate health care interventions: explanation and elabo-ration. BMJ, 339:b2700.
17. Cuschieri S (2019). The STROBE guidelines. Saudi J Anaesth, 13(Suppl 1): S31–S34.
18. Al-Arrayed S, Hamamy H (2012). The changing profile of consanguinity rates in Bahrain, 1990– 2009. J Biosoc Sci, 44(3):313-9.
19. Yahyaa BT, Al-samarrai MAM, Jadoo SAA (2019). Prevalence and Perception of Women about Consanguineous Marriage in Al-Ramadi City. Indian Journal of Public Health Research & Development, 10(4): p567-57.
20. Shawky RM, El-Awady MY, Elsayed SM, et al (2011). Consanguineous matings among Egyptian population. Egyptian Journal of Medical Human Genetics, 12(2):157-63.
21. Ministry of Health (2018). Enquête Natio-nale sur la Population et la Santé Familiale. Morocco. https://www.sante.gov.ma/Documents/2020/03/Rapport%20ENPSF%202018%202i%C3%A8me%20%C3%A9dition.pdf
22. Abbad Z, Drissi A, Soulaymani A, et al (2016). Études Des Caractéristiques Et Des Déterminants Des Mariages Con-sanguins Dans La Ville De Tiflet (Maroc). ESJ, 12(9):221.
23. Hajjaji M, Khadmaoui AE, Soulaymani AE-M, et al (2018). Consanguinité, Isonymie et Age Précoce au Mariage dans les deux Provinces de Tétouan et M’diq-fnideq (Maroc). ESJ, 14(25):63.
24. Hami H, Soulaymani A, Mokhtari A (2009). Les Déterminants des Mariages Consan-guins dans la Région de Rabat-Salé-Zemmour-Zaer (Morocco). Antropo, 18:27-35.
25. Sidi-Yakhlef A, Metri AA (2013). Etude An-throposociologique de la consanguinité dans la population de «Oulhaça» dans l’Ouest Algérien. Antropo, 30:45-59.
26. Benkou F, Aouar A, Chaif O (2018). Carac-térisation anthropo socioculturelle de la population endogame des Monts de Traras (Beni Ouarsous) dans l’Ouest Al-gérien par la consanguinité et le lien de parenté. Antropo, 39: 49-58.
27. Moussouni A, Metri AA, Chaif O, et al (2019). Etude anthropo-sociologique des mariages consanguins dans la population de sabra (Ouest-Algerien). Leban Sci J, 20(2): 323-341.
28. Bachir S, Aouar A, Moussouni A (2017). Etude Anthropo-sociologique de la con-sanguinité dans la population de "Beni Abbés" dans le sud-ouest Algérien. An-tropo, 37: 69-82.
29. Ahmed Gunaid A, Ali Hummad N, Abdal-lah Tamim K (2004). Consanguineous marriage in the capital city Sana'a, Yemen. J Biosoc Sci, 36(1): 111–21.
30. Al Ali KA (2005). Consanguinity and Asso-ciated Socio-Demographic Factors in Qa-tari Population. Qatar Med J, 14(1):16-19.
31. Al-Kandari YY, Al-Kandari YY (2018). Consanguineous Marriage and its Rela-tionship with Sociocultural Variables in Urban and Bedouin Geographical Re-gions in Kuwait. Arabian Humanities, (10).
32. Lafta FM (2010). Consanguineous Marriages and Some Reproductive Health Parame-ters for Sample from Families in Bagh-dad,Iraq, Al Mustansiriya J Sci,21 (5):344-354.
33. Islam MM, Ababneh FM, Khan MHR (2018). Consanguineous Marriage in Jor-dan: An Update. J Biosoc Sci, 50(4):573-578.
34. Sirdah MM (2014). Consanguinity profile in the Gaza Strip of Palestine: large-scale community-based study. Eur J Med Genet, 57(2-3):90-4.
35. Assaf S, Khawaja M (2009). Consanguinity trends and correlates in the Palestinian Territories. J Biosoc Sci, 41(1), 107-24.
36. Mahboub SM, Alsaqabi AA, Allwimi NA, et al (2020). Prevalence and pattern of con-sanguineous marriage among educated married individuals in Riyadh. J BiosocSci, 52(5):768-775.
37. Kanaan ZM, Mahfouz R, Tamim H (2008). The prevalence of consanguineous mar-riages in an underserved area in Lebanon and its association with congenital anom-alies. Genet Test, 12(3): 367-72.
38. Jurdi R, Saxena PC (2003). The prevalence and correlates of consanguineous mar-riages in Yemen: similarities and contrasts with other Arab countries. J Biosoc Sci, 35(1): 1-13.
39. Ahmed SM (2017). Consanguineous mar-riage among Egyptian youth: secondary analysis of survey of young people in Egypt. Egypt J Community Med, 35:85-94.
40. Barbour B, Salameh P (2009). Consanguinity in Lebanon: prevalence, distribution and determinants. J Biosoc Sci, 41(4): 505-17.
41. Kerkeni E, Monastiri K, Saket B, et al (2006).Association among Education Level, Occupation Status, and consan-guinity in Tunisia and Croitia. Croat Med J,47:656-661
42. Islam MM (2012). The practice of consan-guineous marriage in Oman: prevalence, trends and determinants. J Biosoc Sci, 44(5): 571-94.
43. El Mouzan MI, Al Salloum AA, Al Herbish AS, et al (2007). Regional variations in the prevalence of consanguinity in Saudi Arabia. Saudi Med J, 28(12):1881-4.
44. Khalil AM, Daradka HM(2015). Survey of community perception of genetic implica-tions of consanguineous marriage in almadina almunawwarah area in Saudi Arabia. J Investig Genomics,2(4):90-94.
45. Hamamy H, Alwan S (2016). The Socio-demographic and Economic Correlates of Consanguineous Marriages in Highly Consanguineous Populations. Genomics and Society, 335-361.
46. Heidari F, Dastgiri S, Akbari R, et al (2014). Prevalence and Risk Factors of Consan-guineous Marriage. Eur J Gen Medi, 11(4):248-255.
47. Clark G (2014). The Son also Rises:Surnames and the History of Social Mobility. Princeton Uni-versity Press.Princeton, New Jersey.
48. Benhamadi B., Les déterminants de l’endogamie au Maroc [PhD thesis]. Montreal University, Canada;1997.
49. Yamamah G, Abdel-Raouf E, Talaat A, et al (2013). Prevalence of consanguin-eous marriages in South Sinai, Egypt. J Biosoc Sci, 45(1): 31-39.
2. Cavalli-Sforza LL, Kimura M, Barrai I (1966). The probability of consanguine-ous marriages. Genetics, 54(1): 37-60.
3. Bou-Assy F, Dumont S, Saillant F (2003). Représentations sociales du mariage en-dogame et de ses conséquences bi-ologiques sur la santé des descendants chez des fiancés apparentés: Cas de deux villages chiites au Liban. Service social, 50(1):174.
4. Akrami SM, Osati Z (2007). Is consanguin-eous marriage religiously encouraged? Is-lamic and Iranian considerations. J Biosoc Sci, 39(2): 313-6.
5. Bittles AH (2002). The impact of consan-guinity on the Indian population. India - National Family Health Survey, 8:45-51.
6. Ben Hounet Y (2009). Parenté et Anthropologie Sociale. 2nd ed. Ginkgo éditeur. Paris
7. Bittles AH (1998). Empirical Estimates of the Global Prevalence of Consanguineous Marriage in Contemporary Societies. Morrison Institute for Population and Resources Studies Working Report 74, Stanford: Stanford University. https://researchrepository.murdoch.edu.au/id/eprint/13494/1/empirical_estimates.pdf
8. Jaber L, Halpern GJ, Shohat M (1998). The impact of consanguinity worldwide. Com-munity Genet, 1(1):12-7.
9. Bittles AH (2008). A community genetics perspective on consanguineous marriage. Community Genet, 11: 324-30.
10. Bener A, Alali KA (2006). Consanguineous marriage in a newly developed country: the Qatari population. J Biosoc Sci, 38(2):239-46.
11. Bittles AH, Hamamy HA (2010). Endogamy and consanguineous marriage in Arab populations. In: Teebi AS. Ed, Genetic Disorders among Arab Populations. https://researchrepository.murdoch.edu.au/id/eprint/10975/
12. Al-Gazali L, Hamamy H (2014). Consan-guinity and dysmorphology in Arabs. Hum Hered, 77(1-4): 93-107.
13. Bowirrat A, Armaly Z (2013). Consanguine-ous marriage in the Middle East: nature versus nurture. The Open Complementary Medicine Journal, 5:1-10.
14. Oniya O, Neves K, Ahmed B, et al (2019). A review of the reproductive consequences of consanguinity. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Re-prod Biol, 232: 87-96.
15. Hamamy H, Antonarakis SE, Cavalli-Sforza LL, et al (2011). Consanguineous mar-riages, pearls and perils: Geneva Interna-tional Consanguinity Workshop report. Genet Med, 13(9):841-7.
16. Liberati A, Altman DG, Tetzlaff J, et al (2009). The PRISMA statement for re-porting systematic reviews and meta-analyses of studies that evaluate health care interventions: explanation and elabo-ration. BMJ, 339:b2700.
17. Cuschieri S (2019). The STROBE guidelines. Saudi J Anaesth, 13(Suppl 1): S31–S34.
18. Al-Arrayed S, Hamamy H (2012). The changing profile of consanguinity rates in Bahrain, 1990– 2009. J Biosoc Sci, 44(3):313-9.
19. Yahyaa BT, Al-samarrai MAM, Jadoo SAA (2019). Prevalence and Perception of Women about Consanguineous Marriage in Al-Ramadi City. Indian Journal of Public Health Research & Development, 10(4): p567-57.
20. Shawky RM, El-Awady MY, Elsayed SM, et al (2011). Consanguineous matings among Egyptian population. Egyptian Journal of Medical Human Genetics, 12(2):157-63.
21. Ministry of Health (2018). Enquête Natio-nale sur la Population et la Santé Familiale. Morocco. https://www.sante.gov.ma/Documents/2020/03/Rapport%20ENPSF%202018%202i%C3%A8me%20%C3%A9dition.pdf
22. Abbad Z, Drissi A, Soulaymani A, et al (2016). Études Des Caractéristiques Et Des Déterminants Des Mariages Con-sanguins Dans La Ville De Tiflet (Maroc). ESJ, 12(9):221.
23. Hajjaji M, Khadmaoui AE, Soulaymani AE-M, et al (2018). Consanguinité, Isonymie et Age Précoce au Mariage dans les deux Provinces de Tétouan et M’diq-fnideq (Maroc). ESJ, 14(25):63.
24. Hami H, Soulaymani A, Mokhtari A (2009). Les Déterminants des Mariages Consan-guins dans la Région de Rabat-Salé-Zemmour-Zaer (Morocco). Antropo, 18:27-35.
25. Sidi-Yakhlef A, Metri AA (2013). Etude An-throposociologique de la consanguinité dans la population de «Oulhaça» dans l’Ouest Algérien. Antropo, 30:45-59.
26. Benkou F, Aouar A, Chaif O (2018). Carac-térisation anthropo socioculturelle de la population endogame des Monts de Traras (Beni Ouarsous) dans l’Ouest Al-gérien par la consanguinité et le lien de parenté. Antropo, 39: 49-58.
27. Moussouni A, Metri AA, Chaif O, et al (2019). Etude anthropo-sociologique des mariages consanguins dans la population de sabra (Ouest-Algerien). Leban Sci J, 20(2): 323-341.
28. Bachir S, Aouar A, Moussouni A (2017). Etude Anthropo-sociologique de la con-sanguinité dans la population de "Beni Abbés" dans le sud-ouest Algérien. An-tropo, 37: 69-82.
29. Ahmed Gunaid A, Ali Hummad N, Abdal-lah Tamim K (2004). Consanguineous marriage in the capital city Sana'a, Yemen. J Biosoc Sci, 36(1): 111–21.
30. Al Ali KA (2005). Consanguinity and Asso-ciated Socio-Demographic Factors in Qa-tari Population. Qatar Med J, 14(1):16-19.
31. Al-Kandari YY, Al-Kandari YY (2018). Consanguineous Marriage and its Rela-tionship with Sociocultural Variables in Urban and Bedouin Geographical Re-gions in Kuwait. Arabian Humanities, (10).
32. Lafta FM (2010). Consanguineous Marriages and Some Reproductive Health Parame-ters for Sample from Families in Bagh-dad,Iraq, Al Mustansiriya J Sci,21 (5):344-354.
33. Islam MM, Ababneh FM, Khan MHR (2018). Consanguineous Marriage in Jor-dan: An Update. J Biosoc Sci, 50(4):573-578.
34. Sirdah MM (2014). Consanguinity profile in the Gaza Strip of Palestine: large-scale community-based study. Eur J Med Genet, 57(2-3):90-4.
35. Assaf S, Khawaja M (2009). Consanguinity trends and correlates in the Palestinian Territories. J Biosoc Sci, 41(1), 107-24.
36. Mahboub SM, Alsaqabi AA, Allwimi NA, et al (2020). Prevalence and pattern of con-sanguineous marriage among educated married individuals in Riyadh. J BiosocSci, 52(5):768-775.
37. Kanaan ZM, Mahfouz R, Tamim H (2008). The prevalence of consanguineous mar-riages in an underserved area in Lebanon and its association with congenital anom-alies. Genet Test, 12(3): 367-72.
38. Jurdi R, Saxena PC (2003). The prevalence and correlates of consanguineous mar-riages in Yemen: similarities and contrasts with other Arab countries. J Biosoc Sci, 35(1): 1-13.
39. Ahmed SM (2017). Consanguineous mar-riage among Egyptian youth: secondary analysis of survey of young people in Egypt. Egypt J Community Med, 35:85-94.
40. Barbour B, Salameh P (2009). Consanguinity in Lebanon: prevalence, distribution and determinants. J Biosoc Sci, 41(4): 505-17.
41. Kerkeni E, Monastiri K, Saket B, et al (2006).Association among Education Level, Occupation Status, and consan-guinity in Tunisia and Croitia. Croat Med J,47:656-661
42. Islam MM (2012). The practice of consan-guineous marriage in Oman: prevalence, trends and determinants. J Biosoc Sci, 44(5): 571-94.
43. El Mouzan MI, Al Salloum AA, Al Herbish AS, et al (2007). Regional variations in the prevalence of consanguinity in Saudi Arabia. Saudi Med J, 28(12):1881-4.
44. Khalil AM, Daradka HM(2015). Survey of community perception of genetic implica-tions of consanguineous marriage in almadina almunawwarah area in Saudi Arabia. J Investig Genomics,2(4):90-94.
45. Hamamy H, Alwan S (2016). The Socio-demographic and Economic Correlates of Consanguineous Marriages in Highly Consanguineous Populations. Genomics and Society, 335-361.
46. Heidari F, Dastgiri S, Akbari R, et al (2014). Prevalence and Risk Factors of Consan-guineous Marriage. Eur J Gen Medi, 11(4):248-255.
47. Clark G (2014). The Son also Rises:Surnames and the History of Social Mobility. Princeton Uni-versity Press.Princeton, New Jersey.
48. Benhamadi B., Les déterminants de l’endogamie au Maroc [PhD thesis]. Montreal University, Canada;1997.
49. Yamamah G, Abdel-Raouf E, Talaat A, et al (2013). Prevalence of consanguin-eous marriages in South Sinai, Egypt. J Biosoc Sci, 45(1): 31-39.
| Files | ||
| Issue | Vol 51 No 2 (2022) | |
| Section | Review Article(s) | |
| DOI | https://doi.org/10.18502/ijph.v51i2.8679 | |
| Keywords | ||
| Consanguineous marriage Determining factors Matrimonial traditions Arab populations | ||
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How to Cite
1.
El Goundali K, Chebabe M, Laamiri FZ, Hilali A. The Determinants of Consanguineous Marriages among the Arab Population: A Systematic Review. Iran J Public Health. 2022;51(2):253-265.
