Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 51 2 2022 02 06 253 265 EN Khaddouj El Goundali Hassan First University of Settat, Higher Institute of Health Sciences, Laboratory of Health Sciences and Technologies, 26000 Settat, Morocco Milouda Chebabe Hassan First University of Settat, Higher Institute of Health Sciences, Laboratory of Health Sciences and Technologies, 26000 Settat, Morocco Fatima Zahra Laamiri Hassan First University of Settat, Higher Institute of Health Sciences, Laboratory of Health Sciences and Technologies, 26000 Settat, Morocco Abderraouf Hilali Hassan First University of Settat, Higher Institute of Health Sciences, Laboratory of Health Sciences and Technologies, 26000 Settat, Morocco 2021 01 29 2021 04 14 Methods: This systematic review of the determinants of consanguinity among Arab populations was conducted using databases: PubMed, Medline, Direct Science, Scopus, Web of sciences, Springer, Google scholar between 2000 and 2020. Inclusion and exclusion criteria were set. The selection steps were carried out based on PRISMA guidelines. Disagreements in article selection and data extraction were resolved by discussion or recourse to a third reviewer Results: Overall, 25 studies were selected. The synthesis of the results concerning the determinants of Arab inbreeding revealed that several economic, socio-cultural and demographic factors seem to be associated with the choice of this type of marriage, such as socioeconomic status, low level of education especially among women, early age at first marriage, place of residence especially in rural areas, and women's status in the labor market. Conclusion: The relationship between consanguinity and economic, socio-cultural, and demographic factors may be country-specific and highly dependent on the cultural context. Public awareness of genetic risks associated with inbreeding is indispensable. https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/23659 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/23659/7492