Effects of Rock Climbing Exercise on Physical Fitness among College Students: A Review Article and Meta-analysis
-
Lun LI
,
An RU
,
Ting LIAO
,
Shisi ZOU
,
Xiao Hong NIU
,
Yong Tai WANG
Abstract
Abstract
Background: The aim of this study was to systematically determine the effects of rock climbing on College Students’ physical fitness by means of Meta-analysis.
Methods: Studies investigated the possible fitness benefits of rock climbing were identified through a computerized search of six electronic databases: China National Knowledge Infrastructure, China Science Periodical Database, PubMed, Web of Science, SPORTDiscus and PsycINFO. Effects of rock climbing exercise intervention trials >4 wk, published in English and Chinese between Jan 1996 and May 2016, including between subject and within subject designs, were reviewed. Nine studies were included in this meta-analysis. Ten selected variables in this meta-analysis were: Body fat percentage, VO2max, Heart rate, Handgrip strength, Lower limb pedaling power, Vertical Jump, Push-Ups, Pull-Ups, Sit-Ups, and Sit-and-reach. The effect sizes of these ten variables were calculated (P<0.05) and forest plots along with effective sizes were presented.
Results: Rock climbing can significantly improve Handgrip strength, Lower limb pedaling power, Vertical Jump, Push-Ups, Pull-Ups, Sit-Ups and Sit-and-reach (P<0.01), and significantly increase VO2max (P<0.05), however, rock climbing did not show significant improvement on Heart rate and Body fat percentage.
Conclusion: As a newly popular physical exercise, rock climbing has a significantly positive impact on the physical fitness among college students. Rock climbing may be more effective if the college students engage in it for a longer term.
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39. Grant S, Hynes V, Whittaker A, Aitchison T (1996). Anthropometric, strength, endur-ance and flexibility characteristics of elite and recreational climbers. J Sports Sci, 14:301-309.
40. Draper N, Brent S, Hodgson C, Blackwell G (2009). Flexibility assessment and the role of flexibility as a determinant of perfor-mance in rock climbing. Int J Perform Anal Sport, 9(1): 67-89.
41. Williford HN, East JB, Smith FH, Burry LA (1986). Evaluation of warm-up for im-provement in flexibility. Am J Sports Med, 14(4), 316-319.
42. Cummings MS, Wilson VE, Bird EI (1984). Flexibility development in sprinters using EMG biofeedback and relaxation training. Biofeedback Self Reg-ul, 9(3): 395-405.
2. Li G (2013). How to Improve Students' Physical Fitness. Ability and Wisdom, 8: 39.
3. Tomaszewski P, Gajewski J, Lewandowska J (2011). Somatic Profile of Competitive Sport Climbers. J Hum Kinet, 29: 107-113.
4. Cook G, Boyan A, Mendelsohn A, Green A, Woolvett C (2007). How a climbing wall became part of a new Physical Edu-cation Program. The Ontario Journal of Out-door Education, 19(4): 12-15.
5. Sheel AW (2004). Physiology of sport rock climbing. Br J Sports Med, 38: 355-359.
6. Corrigan K (2016). Climbing Officially Ap-proved for 2020 Olympics. Climbing; Aug. 3.
7. Yang F (2008). Feasibility Study for the Col-lege Sports Professionals Conduct Rock Climbing. Hubei Correspondence University Journal, 24(1): 41-42.
8. Muehlbauer T, Stuerchler M, Granacher U (2012). Effects of climbing on core strength and mobility in adults. Int J Sports Med, 33: 445-451.
9. Michailov M (2006). Involvement and ex-perimentation of a new interval method for strength endurance development, In: The engineering of Sport 6(2). Ed, EF Moritz, S Haake. Springer Science and Business Media. New York.
10. Morrison AB, Schoffl, VR (2007). Physio-logical responses to rock climbing in young climbers. Br J Sports Med, 41:852–861.
11. Mermier CM, Janot JM, Parker DL, Swan JG (2000). Physiological and anthropo-metric determinants of sport climbing performance. Br J Sports Med, 34:359–366.
12. Aras D, Ewert AW (2016). Effect of eight weeks sport rock climbing training on anxiety. Acta Medica Mediterranea, 32: 223-230.
13. Li CC (2013). Study on selection and appli-cation of rock climbing training method. Xi'an Institute of Physical Education, Master's Theses.
14. Gao F (2007). A research of rock climbing on healthy college students’ physical fit-ness and motor memory. Zhejiang Normal University, Master's Theses.
15. Jiang TT (2015). Comparative study of young women leisure sports participation effect - A case study of golf and rock climbing project. Modern Sports Science, 29: 180-182.
16. Cargo JS (2015). Effect of a 7-week rock climbing class on physical fitness and performance. Western Michigan University, Master's Theses.
17. Cuerdo MM, Pagaduan JC (2013). Effect of four weeks of indoor rock climbing on anthro pometric measurements, power and strength of female college students. Asia Life Sci, 22(2): 403-411.
18. Kasundra PM, Jethwa YL (2011). Effect of rock climbing training on strength, speed and endurance. Journal of Exercise Science and Physiotherapy, 7(1): 19-23.
19. Shi W (2013a). Research the core strength in climbing technique teaching and training in university. Science and Technology Infor-mation, 25: 208, 261.
20. Shi W (2013b). The research and practice of Jilin University climbers in core strength training. Jilin Institute of Physical Education, Master's Theses.
21. Wu Y. Wang YT. Burgess E. Wu J (2013). Effect of Tai Chi exercise on cognitive function in older adults: A meta-analysis, J Sport Health Sci, 2(4): 193-203.
22. Borenstein M, Hedges LV, Higgins JP et al (2009). Introduction to meta-analysis, Oxford: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. p. 87-102.
23. Cohen J (1962). The statistical power of ab-normal-social psychological research: a review. J Abnorm Soc Psychol, 65:145-153.
24. Hedges LV, Olkin I (1986). Statistical methods for meta-analysis, Academic Press. San Die-go, California.
25. Rani NGS (2015). Different measuring techniques for body fat analysis. Int Res J Sci Eng, 3(3): 98-106.
26. Marieb EN (2012). Essentials of Human Anat-omy and Physiology. 10th Edition, Benjamin Cummings.
27. Clemente CJ, Withers PC, Thompson GG (2009). Metabolic rate and endurance ca-pacity in Australian varanid lizards (Squamata; Varanidae; Varanus). Biol J Linn Soc Lond, 97(3): 664–676.
28. Bogdanis GC (2012). Effects of physical ac-tivity and inactivity on muscle fatigue. Front Physiol, 142(3): 1-15.
29. Oh DJ, Hong HO, Lee BA (2016). The ef-fects of strenuous exercises on resting heart rate, blood pressure, and maximal oxygen uptake. J Exerc Rehabil, 12(1): 42-46.
30. Marcell TJ (2003). Sarcopenia: causes, con-sequences, and preventions. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci, 58: 911–916.
31. Evans WJ (2000). Exercise strategies should be designed to increase muscle power. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci, 55(6): 309–310.
32. Smith LE (1961). Relationship between ex-plosive leg strength and performance in the vertical jump. Res Q Exerc Sport, 32(3): 405-408.
33. Robbins G, Powers D, Burgess S (2009). A Fit Way of Life, McGraw-Hill Global Edu-cation Holdings, LLC.
34. Ebben WP, Wurm B, VanderZanden TL et al (2011). Kinetic analysis of several varia-tions of push-ups. J Strength Cond Res, 25(10):2891-2894.
35. Youdas JW, Amundson CL, Cicero KS et al (2010). Surface electromyographic activa-tion patterns and elbow joint motion during a pull-up, chin-up, or Perfect- PullupTM rotational exercise. J Strength Cond Res, 24(12): 3404–3414.
36. Ren XP, Ma CH (2007). Measurement and research on the physical fitness indexes of university rock climbing athletes. Jour-nal of Shenyang Sport University, 26(3): 94-97.
37. Eston R, Reilly T (2009). Kinanthropometry and Exercise Physiology Laboratory Manual, New York: Madison.
38. Watts PB (2004). Physiology of difficult rock climbing. Eur J Appl Physiol, 91: 361–372.
39. Grant S, Hynes V, Whittaker A, Aitchison T (1996). Anthropometric, strength, endur-ance and flexibility characteristics of elite and recreational climbers. J Sports Sci, 14:301-309.
40. Draper N, Brent S, Hodgson C, Blackwell G (2009). Flexibility assessment and the role of flexibility as a determinant of perfor-mance in rock climbing. Int J Perform Anal Sport, 9(1): 67-89.
41. Williford HN, East JB, Smith FH, Burry LA (1986). Evaluation of warm-up for im-provement in flexibility. Am J Sports Med, 14(4), 316-319.
42. Cummings MS, Wilson VE, Bird EI (1984). Flexibility development in sprinters using EMG biofeedback and relaxation training. Biofeedback Self Reg-ul, 9(3): 395-405.
| Files | ||
| Issue | Vol 47 No 10 (2018) | |
| Section | Review Article(s) | |
| Keywords | ||
| Physical fitness, Function, Rock climbing, College students | ||
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This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License. |
How to Cite
1.
LI L, RU A, LIAO T, ZOU S, NIU XH, WANG YT. Effects of Rock Climbing Exercise on Physical Fitness among College Students: A Review Article and Meta-analysis. Iran J Public Health. 2018;47(10):1440-1452.
