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pISSN: 2251-6085
eISSN: 2251-6093
Chairman & Editor-in-Chief:
Dariush D. Farhud, MD, Ph.D., MG.
This journal is a member of, and subscribes to the principles of, the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE). 
Vol 7 No 1 (1978)
Articles
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Over a period of four years, we followed 200 male cases (Female patients were excluded from this study because from early childhood, the majority of Iranian girls have their ears pierced which tends to distort the ear lobe and renders the diagnosis of the crease difficult) of proved coronary artery disease (Angina Pectoris, coronary insufficiency, and myocardial infarction) in a private clinic in the district of Isfahan. Our attention was directed primarily to the prevalence of the so-called risk factors and especially to the newly recognized diagonal ear-lobe crease, described in various medical journals. Findings were 1) Our findings conformed approximately with the accepted classical coronary risk factors especially in the following: age range between 50-70 years in 71%; mesomorphic body build in 50%; personality type A in 60%, arterial diastolic pressure above 90m m of Hg in only 33%; cigarette smoking more than 10 per day in 43% and more than 20 per day in 15%; the other factors like obesity, diabetes (clinical and chemical), Hypercholesterolemia and sedentarism, were not significantly abnormal. 2) The diagonal ear lobe crease (see photograph) has been present in 65% of all CAD group. 3) The incidence of this crease increased with age from fifth decade on. 4) This crease was present in the single incidence of a fatal myocardial infarction which occurred in the case of a patient under 30 years of age. 5) In most cases there were multiple risk factors, among them the diagonal ear lobe crease, but in 12.5% of them, the crease was associated only with the personality type A (according to Friedmann typing). This may indicate some link between these two factors typing). This may indicate some link between these two factors requiring further research. In closing we should add that in 17% of a group of 21 apparently non-cardiac patients exhibiting this ear lobe crease the ECG showed signs of CAD. We may conclude that this rather simple sign of diagonal ear lobe crease may be counted as a risk factor in CAD, and by its simplicity might be used in the screening procedure for detecting coronary heart disease, in large sectors of the community, especially in the age group under 60 years.
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Waterborne epidemics of viral diseases have occurred and been reported over the years, and isolation of viruses from water of different sources has been made possible by different methods of concentration. It is now believed that bacterial parameters of water purity may not provide an adequate index as to the safety from a virological point of view. In this study eight samples from four main Tehran sewages 10 from rivers that supply Tehran drinking water, and 22 samples from surface waters of different localities in Tehran were tested directly and by phase separation (P.S.) concentration method for the detection of enteroviruses. Result indicated that three sewages and one surface water were positive by direct method. One sample from sewage, three from surface waters and two from river samples were positive by P.S. concentration method. Five of isolated viruses were polio type I, one was polio type II and three were non-determined enteroviruses. Based on rct40 test the isolated polioviruses were vaccine type. P.S. concentration revealed to be an effective method for the detection of viruses from river and surface water.
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In this paper we carried out an exact statistics on the basis of total admission due to abortions, with following results: 1- Abortion incidence is 14 of total admissions. 2- 46.8 of abortions were between the 8th and 12th weeks of gestation. 3- 42,038 of the patients with abortion were 24 years old or younger (younger than 25 years of age). 4- The abortion incidence is equal in different blood groups and Rh without toward any special blood group or Rh.
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The following three procedures have been used to determine the sex ratio of S.sphegea. The fly is one of the two Iranian species of the genus Sepedon which is fairly dominant in the focus area of Schistosomiasis in Khuzestan (south of Iran) and by far abundant in the provinces of Gilan and Mazandaran, north of the country. a) Collection of adults In late summer of 1975, about 200 adults S.sphegea have been collected in Khuzestan and 200 more in the summer of 1976 in Mazandaran province. The sex ratio was determined 2:1 in favor of males. This ratio was considered biased due to adults behavior. b) Collection of pupae The sex ratio based on 69 pupae, collected from their natural breeding sites in Mazandaran province and subsequent rearing in laboratory resulted 38.4% female and 61.6% male. These figures were considered more realistic than the former ratio. c) Laboratory rearing of eggs A total of 197 pupae of S.sphegea was reared from the 5 raw eggs laid by three different pairs of females and males of the same age, which were kept in laboratory for more than three months. The row eggs were collected when the females were at the ages of 18, 30, 45, 60, and 90 days old. The sex ratios were determined 49.47% male and 50.52 female, which is almost 1:1 ratio. Furthermore, the above ratio was almost constant throughout the egg lying cycle of females and it was even slightly higher in 90 days old females in favor of females.
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During the period 2530-36, population and health studies have been carried out by the School of Public Health and Institute of Public Health Research in different parts of Iran (Roodsar, Gonbad-Kavoos, Western Azarbaijan, Isfahan, Ghasghai tribe and Saheli Province). Genetic aspects including the distribution of ABO blood groups and Rh in various populations was specially considered in these surveys. Sampling was fulfilled on the basis of "stratified cluster sampling" in all the above mentioned areas. A total of 17,659 blood groups O,A,B and AB at the rate of 39.7, 25.4 and 6.2 per cent and also Rhesus positives and negatives at 93.1 and 6.9 per cent respectively. Regarding the distribution of ABO blood group in some populations we have found our results similar to those of Asiatic Indians and European gypsies. Also, comparison of the results showed the lowest incidence of Rhesus-negatives in Turkamans (1.5 per cent).
