2023 Impact Factor: 1.3
2023 CiteScore: 2.2
pISSN: 2251-6085
eISSN: 2251-6093
Chairman & Editor-in-Chief:
Dariush D. Farhud, MD, Ph.D., MG.
This journal is a member of, and subscribes to the principles of, the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE). 
Vol 5 No 3 (1976)
Articles
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The effect of the mollusciciding of 364 different snail habitat with Bayer 73 (Bayluscide), undertaken during the period January 1968 to January 1973, for the control of urinary bilharziasis bas been evaluated in Khuzestan, southwest Iran. The criteria for assessment were as follows:1. Complete kill was obtained when no live B.truncatus was found in monthly surveys for one entire year after mollusciciding; 2. Failure occurred when all or more live snails were found by monthly surveys during one year. Complete kill ranged from 53.7% in 1969 to 59.7% in 1968, and the difference in the percentage of complete kill observed in various years was not significant. The highest percentage of complete kill was achieved in ponds. The results obtained from this evaluation indicate that 1) there is no possibility of Bulinus truncatus snails building up a resistance to the molluscicide used in this study; 2) by the increase in the number of snail habitats with running water in the endemic area of Khuzestan, as the result of a huge program of extension of irrigation networks already underway, the destruction of the snail intermediate host will become increasingly difficult in the future.
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Hemoglobin values in 9550 mothers delivered in the OB. & GYN. Dept. of Amin medical center were studied. Hemoglobin levels of less than 11gr/100ml which is usually considered to be to the lower limit of normal for pregnancy were found in 2410 patient (25.3%) this rate has been recorded to be 19-30 percent in the U.S.A., 36 percent in Western Venezuela, 57.4 percent in India and about 80 percent in Bengali. In 4740 individuals (49.6%) the hemoglobin levels were below 12gr/100ml which is similar to the rates recorded for American women. The rate of anemia somewhat rises in our series with increasing number of pregnancies.
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Environmental management for malaria control is defined as any planned physical activities that through transformation of land, water and vegetation will result in the prevention, reduction or elimination of malaria. In planning and implementing these activities, full consideration must be given to their long-term effects and benefits and to the preservation of the quality of environment and they need to be fully and closely coordinated with water, land and agricultural development projects. Environmental management activities for malaria control can be classified as source reduction, dealing mainly with physical alteration of the environment; environmental manipulation, introducing temporary environmental changes and the reduction, and prevention of man-vector contact by site selection, mosquito proofing of dwellings and personal protection. For anti-malaria programs to employ these activities they need to re-train the staff, re-orient the services and set up pilot operations for feasibility studies.
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The term “system” is defined as «elements standing interaction». This implies that a change in any given element should bring about changes in other elements of the system and thus may be used to identify the boundaries of a system. A system can be a machine, a man, or a community. Each of these may be part of a greater system (super system) or include several smaller systems (subsystems). Systems analysis studies the constituent elements of a system and the interactions between them. It will help program planners and managers to understand the functioning of the system, to use comprehensive approach in planning and to discover deficiencies in implementation and find way to solve them.
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During a period of five years (1971-75) 29 maternal deaths occurred in 15794 deliveries at the Amin Maternity Hospital in Isfahan (18.36 per 10.000). Death was considered to be due to direct obstetrical cause in 18 cases (62.0%), indirect obstetrical cause, in 8 cases (27.5%), add no related cause in 3 cases (10.3%). In 14 cases of 29 the maternal death was considered avoidable. Especially amongst those deaths with direct obstetrical cause the proportion of avoidable deaths was higher (12 out of 18 deaths). Responsibility for short comings in action amongst avoidable deaths is examined. Lack of regular prenatal care, delay of referral, referral from far distances, unavailability of compatible blood, and cultural inhibitions are found to be the most important factors.
