2023 Impact Factor: 1.3
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pISSN: 2251-6085
eISSN: 2251-6093
Chairman & Editor-in-Chief:
Dariush D. Farhud, MD, Ph.D., MG.
This journal is a member of, and subscribes to the principles of, the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE). 
Vol 24 No 3-4 (1995)
Articles
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An evaluation of the prevalence of immune status to rubella was made among 1151 premarital and preconceptional counseled females (17-40 years old) visiting the Genetic Clinic in Tehran. Population of Tehran, like any other large city, consists of mixtures of various communities and ethnic groups in the country. The method of analysis was rubella haemagglutination inhibition (Hl.) test. Immunity to rubella was observed in 97.14% of the population and most was immune before the age of 29. This high prevalence of positive cases shows a change in the community orientation by more social participation and mixing such as attendance of kindergarten. Because of the high prevalence obtained for rubella immunity, instead of general vaccination programs, measurement of rubella titer is recommended for each premarital or preconceptional female individual.
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In a study of 310 patients with suspected dermatophytic lesions, 110 cases of dermatophytosis, were diagnosed by direct smear in 10% KOH and culture by two methods, skin stripping with use of adhesive tape and scrapping with scalpel blade conventional technique). Out of 65 positive cultures, in 33 cases, growth was obtained by methods (scraping and stripping), 23 by the conventional technique and 9 cases with the use of scotch tape only.
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With regard to the importance of determining the susceptibility level of sandflies to insecticides in control operations especially in leishmaniasis foci, the susceptibility status of P.papatasi collected from indoors in several villages in the rural districts of Varzaneh and Borkhar, Isgahan was tested against 4.0% DDT following a standard WHO technique during 1991-92. These species is the main vector of zoonotic cutaneous leishmaniasis and sandfly fever to man. In this program 72 series of susceptibility tests were carried out on a total of 2360 fed P.papatasi collected by aspiration from 6 villages in two rural districts. Our studies showed that P.papatasi is tolerant to DDT in the rural district of Borkhar, north of Isfahan. LT50 and LT90 values were calculated in both areas. Comparisons of LT90 of the two population of P.papatasi in Varzaneh and Borkhar rural districts showed significant differences between them.
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In a survey of the Population of Behbahan city, carried out in years 1990-91, the mean age was approximated up to 15.2 and 17.5 in the villages and the city, respectively. Furthermore, about 27.4% and 27.9% of the corresponding populations were under 5 years of age. The birth rate in the urban and rural areas was about 31.2 and 33.3 per thousand live births. Mortality rate related to the immaturity and low-birth weight were two times more in villages than in the city. There is a meaningful relationship between intent’s body weight and IMR in the villages but both in the city.
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Altogether, 120 Rodents of 4 species were trapped alive in various parts of Meshkin-Shar district where visceral leishmaniasis is endemic. 13 of them were Cricetulus migratorius (gray hamste) that all were caught inside the living rooms. Nine of them showed Leishmania antibody in titers of ≥ 1:100 in direct agglutination test (DAT) and amastigotes were found in the spleen smears of 2 Cricetulus migratorius One of them showed Leishmania antibody in titer of 1:400 and another one in titer 1:800 in DA test. This is the first report on the natural infection of a rodent with Leishmania in its internal organs in the endemic foci of visceral leishmaniasis in Iran.
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The residual activity and air-borne efficacy of Etofenprox (trebon 20% WP) were studied on different surfaces in hut scale trial, in Kazeroun south of Iran, in 1992. The bio-assay contact mortality tests with trebon against Anopheles stephensi showed similar responses on pluster, cement and mud surfaces (except wooden surfaces), i.e. at 250, 400 and 500 mg/m2, trebon had residual activity for about 75 to 82, 95 and 110 days respectively. On wooden surfaces, trebon showed longer residual activity than the latter surfaces, i.e. at 250, 400 and 500 a.i. mg/m2 , trebon had residual activity for 90, 110 and 127 days respectively. Fumigation test with trebon at different rates of application showed no remarkable effect on An.stephensi. Based on the results of this study, trebon at 500, 400 and 250 mg/m2 had a residual activity for about 4, 3 and 2.5 months on different surfaces and hence the recommended dosages for continuation study could be 500 and 250 mg/m2 in a large scale trial in south of Iran.
