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pISSN: 2251-6085
eISSN: 2251-6093
Chairman & Editor-in-Chief:
Dariush D. Farhud, MD, Ph.D., MG.
This journal is a member of, and subscribes to the principles of, the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE). 
Vol 3 No 1 (1974)
Articles
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A PRELIMINARY TRIAL OF THE MASS-TREATMENT OF URINARY BILHARZIASIS WITH AN ORGANO-PHOSPHORUS COMPOUND
In the course of an evaluation of various schistosomicidal drugs In Iran, the effect of an organo-phosphorus compound in the-treatment of 45 mild cases of urinary bilhariziasis was assessed and the drug was given in 3 doses of 10 mg/kg body weight each with 3-week intervals. Follow-up examinations undertaken 3 weeks after the 1st, 2nd and 3rd doses as well as 3 months after completion of therapy showed cure rates of 71, 82, 91 and 90% responsively. A reverse correlation was observed between the mean number of eggs excreted in the urine and the cure rate. Side-effects were mild and were observed in only 20% of the patients. In order of their frequency, they were abdumina1 pain, nausea, headache, vertigo and vomiting. The administration of Atropine together with each dose of the drug did not have any effect on the reduction of side-effects.
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In the course of serological and parasitological studies of malaria, 1,018 persons were examined. They were from four different areas (A, B, C and D) in the region of Bandar Abbas and 1-1ina), southern Iran, where malaria is still endemic. For the serological examinations, the IFAT was used with P. falciparum and P.vivax antigens. Several FA-positive reactions were observed in young children, most probably due to congenital antibodies. In areas A, B, and particularly in area C, the sero-positivity rates indicate that malaria control measures have been relatively effective in recent years. The sero-positivity related to increasing age, and virtually negative in the younger age groups. Parasitological findings how that more positives were found, by concentration technique than by the routine examination of thick blood films. This indicates that routine blood examination of fever cases is not able to show the real infection rate in areas where malaria is still endemic· A comparison between the serological readings obtained with extracts from 204 blood specimen on filter paper and those produced by genuine plasma samples has yielded practically identical results.
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The polygene chromosomal pattern together with the somatic and meiotic chromosomes of the autogenous Tehran strain of Culex pipiens molestus is described. The first and third chromosomes are metacentric, the second one is slightly submetacentric. Each chromosome has well-defined, large puffed characteristic centromeres. Randomly distributed asynaptic regions on the polytens chromosomes are indicative of gene differences, on homologous arms which occasionally involve the centromeres. Puffs are sometimes noticeable on the chromosomal arms. A permanent puff is located on the first and third chromosome. The morphology of the first meiotic metaphase chromosomes is characteristic of the species. The existence of interchromosomal and intrachromosomal connective, and also stickiness of the ends of the salivary chromosomes to one another, is the major difficulty in the preparation of the salivary gland chromosomes of Culex, which has been overcome by the technique for the mosquito chromosome spreads.
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Anti-Larval measures were carried out in and around the city of Abadan in conjunction with residual spraying against the only malaria vector of the area. A.stephensi which has developed resistance to both DDT and Dieldrin. There is evidence that larviciding is a valuable measure for reducing the A. stephensi population when used as a supplement to Malathion, which has relatively short residual effect.
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In this study oxyuris and ascaris infections alone or in combination were treated with Vanapar a combination of Pyrvinium Pamoate and Piperazine administered in two successive daily doses. This resulted in a 100% cure rate of oxyuriasis as well as a substantial reduction in ova count for ascaris, amounting to 97% success rate in achieving ova count reduction. Vanapar was highly effective for the management of pinworm and roundworm infections in this study. The drug was well tolerated with only seven patients (8.8%) displaying drug-attributable adverse experiences.
