Original Article

Family Planning Practice by Patterns of Marriage in the North of Iran

Abstract

Background: The fertility experience in Iran suggests that the family planning programs had an effective role in the fertility reduction. This study aimed to specify patterns of marriage in Iran and especially in a northern city of Iran and to investigate the association between patterns of marriage and contraceptive use before first pregnancy and current contraceptive use.

Methods: In this cross-sectional study, following the implementation of an expert panel in order to investigate marriage patterns, 880 women aged 15-49 yr old, were selected by multistage cluster sampling and completed the “reproductive practices” questionnaire in Babol City, northern Iran, in 2013. The data were analyzed using IBM SPSS ver.16 and descriptive and analytical parameters.

Results: There are three patterns of marriage in the northern part of Iran: Traditional, Mixed and Modern marriage and between different patterns there is no statistically significant difference in the contraceptive use.

Conclusion: According to the lack of significant relationship between patterns of marriage and the contraceptives use, which is one of the proximate determinants of fertility, the policy makers should pay attention to other determinants of fertility in order to manage the problems and implications of population decline in the country.

 

 

Ogunjuyigbe PO, Adeyemi EO (2003). Mate Selection and Marital Fertility: The Case of The Yorubas in the Rural Areas. Anthropol, 5 (1):9-15.

Vedadhir A, Taghizadeh Z, Behmanesh F, Ebadi A, Pourreza A, Abbasi-Shavazi MJ (2016). Patterns of marriage and reproductive practices: is there any relationship? Hum Fertil (Camb), 1-7.

Retherford RD, Ogawa N, Sakamoto S (1996). Values and fertility change in Japan. Popul Stud (Camb), 50 (1):5-25.

Choe MK, Westley SB, Retherford RD (2002). Tradition and change in marriage and family life. East-West Centre, The Future Population of Asia, Honolulu [online] Available from: http://www. eastwestcenter. org/fileadmin/stored/misc/FuturePop04Marriage. pdf [Accessed February 2014]:29-40.

Choe MK, Thapa S, Mishra V (2005). Early marriage and early motherhood in Nepal. J Biosoc Sci, 37(3):143-162.

Mensch BS, Singh S, Casterline JB (2005). Trends in the timing of first marriage among men and women in the developing world. The changing transitions to adulthood in developing countries: Selected studies, Washington, DC: The National Academies Press:118-71.

Moultrie TA, Sayi TS, Timæus IM (2012). Birth intervals, postponement, and fertility decline in Africa: A new type of transition? Popul Stud (Camb), 66 (3):241-258.

Abbasi-Shavazi MJ, Sadeghi R (2006). Ethnicity and fertility: reproductive behavior of ethnic groups in Iran. Journal of Sociological Studies, 29:29-58.

Entezari A (2011). The mate selection; The proposed concept for beter understanding the development of Common Life. Newsletter Iranian Society of Cultural Studies and Communications, 13-14(1):32-35.

Jones GW (2010). Changing marriage patterns in Asia. ed. Asia Research Institute, National University of Singapore. Available from: https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/Papers.cfm?abstract_id=1716533

Taghizadeh Z, Behmanesh F, Ebadi A (2015). Marriage Patterns and Childbearing: Results From a Quantitative Study in North of Iran. Glob J Health Sci, 8 (3):1-9.

Hamid S, Stephenson R, Rubenson B (2011). Marriage decision making, spousal communication, and reproductive health among married youth in Pakistan. Glob Health Action, 4: 5079.

Letamo G, Letamo HN (2001). The role of proximate determinants in fertility transition: A comparative study of Botswana, Zambia and Zimbabwe. SA J Demography, 8 (1):29-35.

Ghimire DJ, Axinn WG (2013). Marital Processes, Arranged Marriage, and Contraception to Limit Fertility. Demography, 50 (5):1663-86.

Bongaarts J (1994). Population policy options in the developing world. Science, 263 (5148) :771-6.

Dey I, Wasoff F (2010). Another child? Fertility ideals, resources and opportunities. Popul Res Policy Rev, 29 (6) :921-40.

Balbo N, Billari FC, Mills M (2013). Fertility in advanced societies: A review of research. Eur J Popul, 29 (1):1-38.

Morgan SP, Taylor MG (2006). Low fertility at the turn of the twenty-first century. Annu Rev Sociol, 32:375-99.

Taghizadeh Z, Vedadhir A, Behmanesh F, Ebadi A, Pourreza A, Abbasi-Shavazi MJ (2015). Reproductive practices by patterns of marriage among Iranian women: study protocol for an explanatory sequential mixed methods design. Reprod Health, doi: 10.1186/s12978-015-0080-1.

Aghajanian A, Merhyar AH (1999). Fertility, contraceptive use and family planning program activity in the Islamic Republic of Iran. Int Fam Plan Perspect, 25 (2):98-102.

Calwell JC, Caldwell P, McDonald P (2002). Policy responses to low fertility and its consequences: a global survey. J Popul Res, 19 (1):1-24.

Lauro D (2011). Abortion and contraceptive use in sub-Saharan Africa: how women plan their families. Afr J Reprod Health, 15 (1): 13-23.

Hoodfar H, Assadpour S (2000). The politics of population policy in the Islamic Republic of Iran. Stud Fam Plann, 31(1):19-34.

Hosseini H (2012). Demographic Transition, Window of Opportunity, and Population Bonus: Toward a New Population Policy in Iran. Paper Accepted for Presentation at the European Population Conference, Stockholm, Sweden, 13-16 June 2012. Available from: https://profs.basu.ac.ir/h-hoseini/upload_file/conf.4679.pdf.

Abbasi-Shavazi MJ, McDonald PF, Hosseini-Chavoshi M (2009). Reviewed by Amir Erfani.The fertility transition in Iran: Revolution and reproduction. Can Stud Popul , 38 (1-2): 35-8.

Hosseini H, Begi B (2012). Changes in Population Age Structure and Requirments for Population Policy Making in Iran. Sixth Congress of Iranian demography. Available from: https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=Changes+in+Population.

Abbasi-Shavazi MJ, Torabi F (2012). Population Dynamics in Muslim Countries. In: Women’s Education and Fertility in Islamic Countries. Eds, Groth and Sousa-Poza. 1ed(s): Springer, pp. 43-62.

Abbasi-Shavazi MJ, Lutz W, Hosseini-Chavoshi M, KC S, Nilsson S (2008). Education and the world’s most rapid fertility decline in Iran. IIASA Interim Report. IIASA, Laxenburg, Austria, IR-08-010. Available from: https://scholar.google.com.

Abbasi‐Shavazi MJ, Philip Morgan S, Hossein‐Chavoshi M, McDonald P (2009). Family change and continuity in Iran: Birth control use before first pregnancy. J Marriage Fam, 71 (5):1309-1324.

Nulty DD (2008). The adequacy of response rates to online and paper surveys: what can be done? Assess Eval High Educ, 33(3):301-314.

Xiaohe X, Whyte MK (1990). Love matches and arranged marriages: A Chinese replication. J Marriage Fam, 52(3):709-722.

Azimi YN, Atiya A (2003). Husband-wife communication and family planning practices among Malay married couples in Mukim Rusila. Med J Malaysia, 58 (2):218-228.

Letamo G, Navaneetham K (2015). Levels, trends and reasons for unmet need for family planning among married women in Botswana: a cross-sectional study. BMJ Open, 5 (3):e006603.

Ogunjuyigbe PO, Ojofeitimi EO, Liasu A (2009). Spousal communication, changes in partner attitude, and contraceptive use among the Yorubas of Southwest Nigeria. Indian J Community Med, 34 (2):112-6.

Link CF (2011). Spousal communication and contraceptive use in rural Nepal: an event history analysis. Stud Fam Plann, 42 (2):83-92.

Miller RB, Yorgason JB, Sandberg JG, White MB (2003). Problems That Couples Bring To Therapy: A View Across the Family Life Cycle. Am J Fam Ther, 31(5):395-407.

Mahmoudi K, Mohammadpur A, Rezaei M (2014). A discourse analysis of population policies in the context of politics in Iran. QUAL QUANT: 49(5): 1883–95.

Abbasi-Shavazi MJ, McDonald P, Hosseini-Chavoshi M (2009). The Fertility Transition in Iran: Revolution and Reproduction. Springer, Netherlands. Pp: 43-65.

Kohler H-P, Behrman JR, Watkins SC (2001). The density of social networks and fertility decisions: Evidence from South Nyanza District, Kenya. Demography, 38(1):43-58.

Files
IssueVol 46 No 1 (2017) QRcode
SectionOriginal Article(s)
Keywords
Patterns of marriage Family planning Reproductive behavior

Rights and permissions
Creative Commons License This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
How to Cite
1.
TAGHIZADEH Z, VEDADHIR A, BAYANI F, BEHMANESH F, EBADI A, POURREZA A, ABBASI -SHAVAZI MJ, BIJANI A. Family Planning Practice by Patterns of Marriage in the North of Iran. Iran J Public Health. 2017;46(1):66-75.