The Effects of Different Intervention Protocols on Anthropometric Measures, Lipid Profile, and Quality of Life: Insights from a Pandemic-Era Randomized Controlled Trial
-
Dilara Canbay Özdemir
,
Duygu Ayhan Başer
,
İzzet Fidancı
,
Arzu Demircioğlu Karagöz
,
Merve Özdemir
Abstract
Background: To assess the effect of different treatment protocols on anthropometric measures, lipid profile, and weight-related quality of life amid the pandemic.
Methods: A single-blind randomized controlled trial was conducted at Hacettepe University's Family Medicine outpatient clinics in Ankara, Turkey, in 2022. Participants were stratified into three groups: intervention, control-1, and control-2. The intervention group received a calorie-restricted diet, exercise program, and follow-up calls every 15 days. Control-1 received the same plan with a single follow-up at week 4. Control-2 received general dietary and exercise advice and regular follow-up calls every 15 days. Outcomes were measured at baseline and 12 weeks, including quality of life assessed with the Turkish IWQOL-Lite scale.
Results: We 153 participants, with 51 individuals per group. At the 12th week, all groups exhibited significant improvements in weight, BMI, waist circumference, fat mass, and quality of life scores. The intervention group demonstrated improvements in physical function, self-esteem, work, and total quality of life score compared to baseline (P<0.001).
Conclusion: Developing and adhering to a personalized exercise and diet plan is crucial for maintaining a healthy lifestyle, even during a pandemic.
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19. Pearl RL, Wadden TA, Tronieri JS, et al (2018). Short- and long-term changes in health-related quality of life with weight loss: Results from a randomized con-trolled trial. Obesity (Silver Spring), 26 (6): 985-991.
20. Eriksson MK, Franks PW, Eliasson M (2009). A 3-year randomized trial of life-style intervention for cardiovascular risk reduction in the primary care setting: The Swedish Björknäs study. PLoS One, 4 (4): e5195.
21. Anderson AS, Chong HY, Craigie AM, et al (2021). A novel approach to increasing community capacity for weight man-agement: A volunteer-delivered pro-gramme (ActWELL) initiated within breast screening clinics: A randomized controlled trial. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act, 18 (1): 34.
22. Kempf K, Röhling M, Stichert M, et al (2018). Telemedical coaching improves long-term weight loss in overweight per-sons: A randomized controlled trial. Int J Telemed Appl, 2018: 7530602.
23. Coskun FO, Can B (2020). One-year weight follow-up results in patients followed in obesity clinic and evaluation of the as-sociation between annual weight loss rate and the number of visits. Ankara Med J, 20 (3): 694-706.
2. Huang Y, Lu Y, Huang YM, et al (2020). Obesity in patients with COVID-19: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Me-tabolism, 113: 154378.
3. Mattioli AV, Sciomer S, Cocchi C, et al (2020). Quarantine during COVID-19 outbreak: Changes in diet and physical activity increase the risk of cardiovascu-lar disease. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis, 30 (9): 1409-1417.
4. Turkish Society of Endocrinology and Me-tabolism (2019). Obesity Diagnosis and Treatment Guide. Ankara: Turkish Soci-ety of Endocrinology and Metabolism.
5. Tchang BG, Saunders KH, Igel LI (2021). Best practices in the management of overweight and obesity. Med Clin North Am, 105 (1): 149-174.
6. Semlitsch T, Stigler FL, Jeitler K, et al (2019). Management of overweight and obesity in primary care: A systematic overview of international evidence-based guidelines. Obes Rev, 20 (9): 1218-1230.
7. de Faria Coelho-Ravagnani C, Corgosinho FC, Sanches FFZ, et al (2021). Dietary recommendations during the COVID-19 pandemic. Nutr Rev, 79 (4): 382-393.
8. Chtourou H, Trabelsi K, H’mida C, et al (2020). Staying physically active during the quarantine and self-isolation period for controlling and mitigating the COVID-19 pandemic: A systematic overview of the literature. Front Psychol, 11: 1708.
9. World Health Organization (2020). How to stay physically active during COVID-19 self-quarantine. WHO Regional Office for Europe. [Internet]. [cited 2025 June 13]. Available from:https://www.who.int/europe/news/item/25-03-2020-how-to-stay-physically-active-during-covid-19-self-quarantine
10. Donini LM, Rosano A, Di Lazzaro L, et al (2020). Impact of disability, psychologi-cal status, and comorbidity on health-related quality of life perceived by sub-jects with obesity. Obes Facts, 13 (2): 191-200.
11. Durrer Schutz D, Busetto L, Dicker D, et al (2019). European practical and patient-centred guidelines for adult obesity management in primary care. Obes Facts, 12 (1): 40-66.
12. World Health Organization (2025). Body mass index - BMI [Internet]. [cited 2025 June 16]. Available from: https://www.euro.who.int/en/health-topics/disease-prevention/nutrition/a-healthy-lifestyle/body-mass-index-bmi
13. World Health Organization (2025). Obesity and overweight. [Internet]. [cited 2025 June 16]. Available from: https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/obesity-and-overweight
14. Kolotkin RL, Crosby RD, Kosloski KD, et al (2001). Development of a brief meas-ure to assess quality of life in obesity. Obes Res, 9 (2): 102-11.
15. Comlekci N (2011). Psychometric evalua-tion of the Turkish version of the Im-pact of Weight on Quality of Life (IWQOL-Lite) scale [master’s thesis]. Is-tanbul: Istanbul University, Institute of Health Sciences.
16. Bouzalmate Hajjaj A, Massó Guijarro P, Khan KS, et al (2022). A systematic re-view and meta-analysis of weight loss in control group participants of lifestyle randomized trials. Sci Rep, 12 (1): 1444.
17. Turkish Society of Endocrinology and Me-tabolism (2020). Medical Nutrition and Exercise Metabolism Guide. Ankara: Turkish Society of Endocrinology and Metabolism.
18. Mistik S, Sahin H, Kutuk S, Oruc S (2017). Obesity management and follow-up fre-quency in family medicine. Eurasian J Fam Med, 6 (1): 18-24.
19. Pearl RL, Wadden TA, Tronieri JS, et al (2018). Short- and long-term changes in health-related quality of life with weight loss: Results from a randomized con-trolled trial. Obesity (Silver Spring), 26 (6): 985-991.
20. Eriksson MK, Franks PW, Eliasson M (2009). A 3-year randomized trial of life-style intervention for cardiovascular risk reduction in the primary care setting: The Swedish Björknäs study. PLoS One, 4 (4): e5195.
21. Anderson AS, Chong HY, Craigie AM, et al (2021). A novel approach to increasing community capacity for weight man-agement: A volunteer-delivered pro-gramme (ActWELL) initiated within breast screening clinics: A randomized controlled trial. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act, 18 (1): 34.
22. Kempf K, Röhling M, Stichert M, et al (2018). Telemedical coaching improves long-term weight loss in overweight per-sons: A randomized controlled trial. Int J Telemed Appl, 2018: 7530602.
23. Coskun FO, Can B (2020). One-year weight follow-up results in patients followed in obesity clinic and evaluation of the as-sociation between annual weight loss rate and the number of visits. Ankara Med J, 20 (3): 694-706.
| Files | ||
| Issue | Vol 54 No 9 (2025) | |
| Section | Original Article(s) | |
| DOI | https://doi.org/10.18502/ijph.v54i9.19860 | |
| Keywords | ||
| Primary care Lifestyle modification Quality of life Overweight Obesity | ||
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How to Cite
1.
Canbay Özdemir D, Ayhan Başer D, Fidancı İzzet, Demircioğlu Karagöz A, Özdemir M. The Effects of Different Intervention Protocols on Anthropometric Measures, Lipid Profile, and Quality of Life: Insights from a Pandemic-Era Randomized Controlled Trial. Iran J Public Health. 2025;54(9):1926-1937.
