Acupoints Compatibility Rules of Acupuncture for Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders Based on Data Mining Technology: A Systematic Review
-
Haiping Li
,
Yuanbo Gao
,
Guang Zuo
,
Hao Chen
,
Xiaojun Zheng
,
Xuxin Li
,
Xifen Zhang
,
Yu Wang
,
Xihui Zheng
,
Xisheng Fan
,
Yanfen She
Abstract
Background: We aimed to comprehensively summarise and classify the rules for selecting acupoints for acupuncture for functional gastrointestinal disorders (FGIDs).
Methods: We searched relevant literature in PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, the Cochrane Library, China Biology Medicine, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang Data, and Chinese Scientific Journal Database from the inception of the database to 18 Aug 2023. Following literature screening, data extraction, standardised processing, frequency analysis, association rules analysis, and correlation analyses were conducted using Microsoft Excel, IBM SPSS Modeller, Cytoscape, and R software.
Results: Zusanli (ST36), Tianshu (ST25), and Shangjuxu (ST37) were the most used acupoints. The stomach meridian, conception vessel, and bladder meridian were the more commonly used. The Five-shu points were the most used acupoints. The Shangjuxu-Tianshu (ST37-ST25) combination was the most common acupuncture combination in clinical settings. Furthermore, the acupoints ST36, ST25, Zhongwan (CV12), and Guanyuan (CV4) constituted the core groups of acupoints.
Conclusion: We summarized the current characteristics of acupuncture treatment for FGIDs, including the selection of acupoints, meridians, and specific acupoints. The stomach meridian of foot-yangming is frequently utilised, as it aligns with the core meridian theory of "Where the meridian passes through, that's the key point of healing" and "The relationship between meridians and internal Zangfu (脏腑)". The treatment of FGIDs focuses on specific acupoints, with the most effective option being the combination of the Front Mu and Lower-he(sea) points. These findings provide novel insights for the clinical management of FGIDs.
1. Drossman D A, Hasler W L (2016). Rome IV-Functional GI Disorders: Disorders of Gut-Brain Interaction. Gastroenterology, 150(6):1257-1261.
2. Drossman D A (2016). Functional gastroin-testinal disorders: what's new for Rome IV? Lancet Gastroenterol Hepatol, 1(1):6-8.
3. Drossman D A (2016). Functional Gastro-intestinal Disorders: History, Pathophys-iology, Clinical Features and Rome IV. Gastroenterology, S0016-5085(16)00223-7.
4. Sperber A D, Bangdiwala S I, Drossman D A, et al (2021). Worldwide Prevalence and Burden of Functional Gastrointes-tinal Disorders, Results of Rome Foun-dation Global Study. Gastroenterology, 160(1):99-114.e3.
5. Tack J, Stanghellini V, Mearin F, et al (2019). Economic burden of moderate to severe irritable bowel syndrome with constipation in six European countries. BMC Gastroenterol, 19(1):69.
6. Ali M K, Chen J (2023). Roles of Heart Rate Variability in Assessing Autonomic Nervous System in Functional Gastroin-testinal Disorders: A Systematic Review. Diagnostics (Basel), 13(2):293.
7. Jang S H, Choi S C, Kim Y S, et al (2022). Psychological Characteristics and Quali-ty of Life of Patients with Upper and Lower Functional Gastrointestinal Dis-orders. J Clin Med, 12(1):124.
8. Singh R, Zogg H, Ghoshal U C, et al (2022). Current Treatment Options and Thera-peutic Insights for Gastrointestinal Dysmotility and Functional Gastrointes-tinal Disorders. Front Pharmacol, 13:808195.
9. Ford A C, Moayyedi P, Black C J, et al (2021). Systematic review and network meta-analysis: efficacy of drugs for functional dyspepsia. Aliment Pharmacol Ther, 53(1):8-21.
10. Camilleri M (2007). Is there an experi-mental basis for the development of is-chaemic colitis as a result of 5-HT3 an-tagonist treatment? Neurogastroenterol Motil, 19(2):77-84.
11. Kaptchuk T J (2002). Acupuncture: theory, efficacy, and practice. Ann Intern Med, 136(5):374-383.
12. White A, Hayhoe S, Hart A, et al (2001). Survey of adverse events following acu-puncture (SAFA): a prospective study of 32,000 consultations. Acupunct Med, 19(2):84-92.
13. Takahashi T (2006). Acupuncture for func-tional gastrointestinal disorders. J Gastro-enterol, 41(5):408-417.
14. Pei L, Geng H, Guo J, et al (2020). Effect of Acupuncture in Patients With Irritable Bowel Syndrome: A Randomized Con-trolled Trial. Mayo Clin Proc, 95(8):1671-1683.
15. Zeng F, Qin W, Ma T, et al (2012). Influ-ence of acupuncture treatment on cere-bral activity in functional dyspepsia pa-tients and its relationship with efficacy. Am J Gastroenterol, 107(8):1236-1247.
16. Liu Z, Yan S, Wu J, et al (2016). Acupuncture for Chronic Severe Functional Constipa-tion: A Randomized Trial. Ann Intern Med, 165(11):761-769.
17. Xue Y, Ding S, Zhou H, et al (2024). Acu-puncture Versus Biofeedback for Treatment of Functional Anorectal Pain. Turk J Gastroenterol, 35(2):83-91.
18. Zhao P P, Liu Z B, Wang B, et al (2020). Ef-fect of Tianshu( ST 25) and Dachang-shu( BL 25) on functional diarrhea based on the theory of Shu-Mu point combination. World Journal of Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine, 15(02):348-351.
19. Yuan Q, Wu Y, Zhao H F, et al. Clinical ef-fect of biofeedback combined with electroacupuncture on functional defe-cation disorders. Journal of Practical Traditional Chinese Medicine, 2020, 36(04):509-510.
20. Lan L, Zeng F, Liu G J, et al (2014). Acu-puncture for functional dyspepsia. Cochrane Database Syst Rev, 2014(10): CD008487.
21. Yao J P, Chen L P, Xiao X J, et al (2022). Effectiveness and safety of acupuncture for treating functional constipation: An overview of systematic reviews. J Integr Med, 20(1):13-25.
22. Guo J, Xing X, Wu J, et al (2020). Acupunc-ture for Adults with Diarrhea-Predominant Irritable Bowel Syndrome or Functional Diarrhea: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Neural Plast, 2020:8892184.
23. Manheimer E, Wieland L S, Cheng K, et al (2012). Acupuncture for irritable bowel syndrome: systematic review and meta-analysis. Am J Gastroenterol, 107(6):835-847.
24. Moon H, Ryu Y, Lee I S, et al (2023). Acu-puncture treatment for functional gas-trointestinal disorders: Identification of major acupoints using network analysis. Integr Med Res, 12(3):100970.
25. Zhen L, Meitang H, Xiaoxin W, et al (2024). Effect of Lingnan Flying Needle Ther-apy on Limb Function and LivingAbility in Patients with Spastic Hemiplegia after Stroke. Liaoning Journal of Traditional Chi-nese Medicine, 51(11):176-179.
26. Li Q Y, Yang W X, Liu H, et al (2023). Re-search on Electroacupuncture Parame-ters for Cancer Pain Based on Data Mining. Integr Cancer Ther, 22: 15347354231192017.
27. WHO Regional Office For Pacific (2008). WHO Standard Acupuncture Point Locations in the Western Pacific Region. Manila: World Health Organization.
28. Institute Of Acupuncture And Moxibustion (2021). Nomenclature and location of meridian points. State Aministration for Market Regulation; Strandardization administration.
29. World Health Organisation (2024). Interna-tional Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems, 11th Revision, Beta Draft. Manila: World Health Organiza-tion.
30. Roberto J, Bayardo R A. Mining the Most Interesting Rules: Proceedings of the Fifth ACM SIGKDD International Con-ference (Conference thesis), San Diego, CA, USA. ACM Press, 1999.
31. Wen-chao D, Guo-zhen Z, Qing-yong H, et al (2023). Analysis and prospects of common problems in clinical data min-ing of traditional Chinese medicine pre-scriptions. China Journal of Chinese Materia Medica, 48(17):4812-4818.
32. CＲAMÉＲ H (1999). Mathematical methods of statistics. Princeton University Press.
33. Dan W C, Zhao G Z, He Q Y, et al (2023). Analysis and prospects of common problems in clinical data mining of tra-ditional Chinese medicine prescriptions. China Journal of Chinese Materia Medica, 48(17):4812-4818.
34. Park Y S, Lineberry M, Hyderi A, et al (2013). Validity evidence for a patient note scoring rubric based on the new patient note format of the United States Medical Licensing Examination. Acad Med, 88(10):1552-1557.
35. Liu X, Xie H H, Xu Y F, et al (2023). Value of artificial intelligence in the im-provement of diagnostic consistency of radiology residents. Beijing Da Xue Xue Bao Yi Xue Ban, 55(4):670-675.
36. Bo H, Changqing G, Shizhe G (2007). Anal-ysis on the Physiology Function of Yangming Stomach Meridian of Foot. China Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Pharmacy, (02):90-92.
37. Wang Y P, Zhang W B, Li H Y, et al (2021). Analysis on the route of conception ves-sel and governor vessel in Huangdi Nei-jing (The Yellow Emperor's Inner Clas-sic). Zhongguo Zhen Jiu, 41(7):805-812.
38. Li Y W, Li W, Wang S T, et al (2022). The autonomic nervous system: A potential link to the efficacy of acupuncture. Front Neurosci, 16:1038945.
39. Guo Y, Cao D Y, Zhang Z J, et al (2016). Electrical signal propagated across acu-points along Foot Taiyang Bladder Me-ridian in rats. Chin J Integr Med, 22(7):537-544.
40. Sun L, Yao J, Luo F, et al (2023). The role of acupuncture on the autonomic nervous system in irritable bowel syndrome. Ac-upuncture and Herbal Medicine, 3(02):76-82.
41. Huang L X (2023). On acupoints. Zhongguo Zhen Jiu, 43(10):1189-1201.
42. Zhang X, Yang W, Shang J, et al (2023). The lower He-sea points playing a significant role in postoperative ileus in colorectal cancer treated with acupuncture: based on machine-learning. Front Oncol, 13:1206196.
43. Lu M J, Yu Z, He Y, et al (2019). Electro-acupuncture at ST36 modulates gastric motility via vagovagal and sympathetic reflexes in rats. World J Gastroenterol, 25(19):2315-2326.
44. Wang M, Liu W, Ge J, et al (2023). The im-munomodulatory mechanisms for acu-puncture practice. Front Immunol, 14:1147718.
45. Noguchi E (2010). Acupuncture regulates gut motility and secretion via nerve re-flexes. Auton Neurosci, 156(1-2):15-18.
46. Zhang J, Liu Y, Li Z, et al (2023). Functional magnetic resonance imaging studies of acupuncture at ST36: a coordinate-based meta-analysis. Front Neurosci, 17:1180434.
47. Chen C Y, Ke M D, Kuo C D, et al (2013). The influence of electro-acupuncture stimulation to female constipation pa-tients. Am J Chin Med, 41(2):301-313.
48. Ma L Y, Liu Q Q, Wu L, et al (2021). Effect of electroacupuncture at Zusanli (ST36) and Zhongwan (CV12) on intestinal nu-tritional feeding intolerance in patients with severe acute pancreatitis. Zhen Ci Yan Jiu, 46(4):312-317.
49. Li Z M, Chen J Y, Sun S, et al (2020). Brief analysis on pivot effect of Tianshu (ST 25). Zhongguo Zhen Jiu, 40(12):1319-1321.
50. Xu W, Yuan M, Wu X, et al (2018). Electro-acupuncture Relieves Visceral Hypersen-sitivity by Inactivating Protease-Activated Receptor 2 in a Rat Model of Postinfectious Irritable Bowel Syn-drome. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med, 2018:7048584.
51. Yang Y C, Zhou Z X, Xue T, et al (2022). Effect of electroacupuncture on visceral sensitivity and colonic NGF, TrkA, TRPV1 expression in IBS-D rats. Zhongguo Zhen Jiu, 42(12):1395-1402.
52. Wang X M, Lu Y, Wu L Y, et al (2012). Mox-ibustion inhibits interleukin-12 and tu-mor necrosis factor alpha and modu-lates intestinal flora in rat with ulcera-tive colitis. World J Gastroenterol, 18(46):6819-6828.
53. Wei D, Xie L, Zhuang Z, et al (2019). Gut Microbiota: A New Strategy to Study the Mechanism of Electroacupuncture and Moxibustion in Treating Ulcerative Coli-tis. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med, 2019:9730176.
54. Song Y, Geng H, Chen L, et al (2020). Elec-troacupuncture relieves irritable bowel syndrome by increasing expression of nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain protein-like receptor family pyrin domain containing 6 in water-avoidance stress mice. J Tradit Chin Med, 40(3):407-413.
55. Yin S, Chen Y, Lei D, et al (2017). Cerebral mechanism of puncturing at He-Mu point combination for functional dys-pepsia: study protocol for a randomized controlled parallel trial. Neural Regen Res, 12(5):831-840.
56. Qi L Y, Yang J W, Yan S Y, et al (2022). Ac-upuncture for the Treatment of Diar-rhea-Predominant Irritable Bowel Syn-drome: A Pilot Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA Netw Open, 5(12):e2248817.
57. Duanmu C L, Zhang X N, He W, et al (2021). Electroacupuncture and transcutaneous electrical acupoint stimu-lation relieve muscular inflammatory pain by activating afferent nerve fibers in different layers of "Liangqiu"(ST34) in rats. Zhen Ci Yan Jiu, 46(5):404-410.
58. Xiaoling L, Kunyu Z, Lina C, et al (2019). Functional magnetic resonance imaging study of brain activation area of acu-puncture at Fenglong acupoint. Chin J Magn Reson Imaging, 10(11):813-816.
59. Qiao C, Sheng X, Xiaoling Z, et al (2019). Mechanism of Regulation Effect of " Regulating the Pivot Through back-Shu Points"Method on Cajal Interstitial Cells in Digestive Tract Smooth Muscle of Gastrointestinal Motility Disorder Mod-el Rats. Chinese Archives of Traditional Chi-nese Hinese Medicine, 37(12):2959-2962.
60. Han X, Wu H, Yin P, et al (2018). Electro-acupuncture restores hippocampal syn-aptic plasticity via modulation of 5-HT receptors in a rat model of depression. Brain Res Bull, 139:256-262.
61. Kawanokuchi J, Takagi K, Tanahashi N, et al (2021). Acupuncture Treatment for Social Defeat Stress. Front Behav Neurosci, 15:685433.
62. Shiozawa P, Duailibi M S, Da S M, et al (2014). Trigeminal nerve stimulation (TNS) protocol for treating major de-pression: an open-label proof-of-concept trial. Epilepsy Behav, 39:6-9.
63. Zhang Z, Li R, Chen Y, et al (2024). Integra-tion of traditional, complementary, and alternative medicine with modern bio-medicine: the scientization, evidence, and challenges for integration of tradi-tional Chinese medicine. Acupuncture and Herbal Medicine, 4(1):68-78.
2. Drossman D A (2016). Functional gastroin-testinal disorders: what's new for Rome IV? Lancet Gastroenterol Hepatol, 1(1):6-8.
3. Drossman D A (2016). Functional Gastro-intestinal Disorders: History, Pathophys-iology, Clinical Features and Rome IV. Gastroenterology, S0016-5085(16)00223-7.
4. Sperber A D, Bangdiwala S I, Drossman D A, et al (2021). Worldwide Prevalence and Burden of Functional Gastrointes-tinal Disorders, Results of Rome Foun-dation Global Study. Gastroenterology, 160(1):99-114.e3.
5. Tack J, Stanghellini V, Mearin F, et al (2019). Economic burden of moderate to severe irritable bowel syndrome with constipation in six European countries. BMC Gastroenterol, 19(1):69.
6. Ali M K, Chen J (2023). Roles of Heart Rate Variability in Assessing Autonomic Nervous System in Functional Gastroin-testinal Disorders: A Systematic Review. Diagnostics (Basel), 13(2):293.
7. Jang S H, Choi S C, Kim Y S, et al (2022). Psychological Characteristics and Quali-ty of Life of Patients with Upper and Lower Functional Gastrointestinal Dis-orders. J Clin Med, 12(1):124.
8. Singh R, Zogg H, Ghoshal U C, et al (2022). Current Treatment Options and Thera-peutic Insights for Gastrointestinal Dysmotility and Functional Gastrointes-tinal Disorders. Front Pharmacol, 13:808195.
9. Ford A C, Moayyedi P, Black C J, et al (2021). Systematic review and network meta-analysis: efficacy of drugs for functional dyspepsia. Aliment Pharmacol Ther, 53(1):8-21.
10. Camilleri M (2007). Is there an experi-mental basis for the development of is-chaemic colitis as a result of 5-HT3 an-tagonist treatment? Neurogastroenterol Motil, 19(2):77-84.
11. Kaptchuk T J (2002). Acupuncture: theory, efficacy, and practice. Ann Intern Med, 136(5):374-383.
12. White A, Hayhoe S, Hart A, et al (2001). Survey of adverse events following acu-puncture (SAFA): a prospective study of 32,000 consultations. Acupunct Med, 19(2):84-92.
13. Takahashi T (2006). Acupuncture for func-tional gastrointestinal disorders. J Gastro-enterol, 41(5):408-417.
14. Pei L, Geng H, Guo J, et al (2020). Effect of Acupuncture in Patients With Irritable Bowel Syndrome: A Randomized Con-trolled Trial. Mayo Clin Proc, 95(8):1671-1683.
15. Zeng F, Qin W, Ma T, et al (2012). Influ-ence of acupuncture treatment on cere-bral activity in functional dyspepsia pa-tients and its relationship with efficacy. Am J Gastroenterol, 107(8):1236-1247.
16. Liu Z, Yan S, Wu J, et al (2016). Acupuncture for Chronic Severe Functional Constipa-tion: A Randomized Trial. Ann Intern Med, 165(11):761-769.
17. Xue Y, Ding S, Zhou H, et al (2024). Acu-puncture Versus Biofeedback for Treatment of Functional Anorectal Pain. Turk J Gastroenterol, 35(2):83-91.
18. Zhao P P, Liu Z B, Wang B, et al (2020). Ef-fect of Tianshu( ST 25) and Dachang-shu( BL 25) on functional diarrhea based on the theory of Shu-Mu point combination. World Journal of Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine, 15(02):348-351.
19. Yuan Q, Wu Y, Zhao H F, et al. Clinical ef-fect of biofeedback combined with electroacupuncture on functional defe-cation disorders. Journal of Practical Traditional Chinese Medicine, 2020, 36(04):509-510.
20. Lan L, Zeng F, Liu G J, et al (2014). Acu-puncture for functional dyspepsia. Cochrane Database Syst Rev, 2014(10): CD008487.
21. Yao J P, Chen L P, Xiao X J, et al (2022). Effectiveness and safety of acupuncture for treating functional constipation: An overview of systematic reviews. J Integr Med, 20(1):13-25.
22. Guo J, Xing X, Wu J, et al (2020). Acupunc-ture for Adults with Diarrhea-Predominant Irritable Bowel Syndrome or Functional Diarrhea: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Neural Plast, 2020:8892184.
23. Manheimer E, Wieland L S, Cheng K, et al (2012). Acupuncture for irritable bowel syndrome: systematic review and meta-analysis. Am J Gastroenterol, 107(6):835-847.
24. Moon H, Ryu Y, Lee I S, et al (2023). Acu-puncture treatment for functional gas-trointestinal disorders: Identification of major acupoints using network analysis. Integr Med Res, 12(3):100970.
25. Zhen L, Meitang H, Xiaoxin W, et al (2024). Effect of Lingnan Flying Needle Ther-apy on Limb Function and LivingAbility in Patients with Spastic Hemiplegia after Stroke. Liaoning Journal of Traditional Chi-nese Medicine, 51(11):176-179.
26. Li Q Y, Yang W X, Liu H, et al (2023). Re-search on Electroacupuncture Parame-ters for Cancer Pain Based on Data Mining. Integr Cancer Ther, 22: 15347354231192017.
27. WHO Regional Office For Pacific (2008). WHO Standard Acupuncture Point Locations in the Western Pacific Region. Manila: World Health Organization.
28. Institute Of Acupuncture And Moxibustion (2021). Nomenclature and location of meridian points. State Aministration for Market Regulation; Strandardization administration.
29. World Health Organisation (2024). Interna-tional Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems, 11th Revision, Beta Draft. Manila: World Health Organiza-tion.
30. Roberto J, Bayardo R A. Mining the Most Interesting Rules: Proceedings of the Fifth ACM SIGKDD International Con-ference (Conference thesis), San Diego, CA, USA. ACM Press, 1999.
31. Wen-chao D, Guo-zhen Z, Qing-yong H, et al (2023). Analysis and prospects of common problems in clinical data min-ing of traditional Chinese medicine pre-scriptions. China Journal of Chinese Materia Medica, 48(17):4812-4818.
32. CＲAMÉＲ H (1999). Mathematical methods of statistics. Princeton University Press.
33. Dan W C, Zhao G Z, He Q Y, et al (2023). Analysis and prospects of common problems in clinical data mining of tra-ditional Chinese medicine prescriptions. China Journal of Chinese Materia Medica, 48(17):4812-4818.
34. Park Y S, Lineberry M, Hyderi A, et al (2013). Validity evidence for a patient note scoring rubric based on the new patient note format of the United States Medical Licensing Examination. Acad Med, 88(10):1552-1557.
35. Liu X, Xie H H, Xu Y F, et al (2023). Value of artificial intelligence in the im-provement of diagnostic consistency of radiology residents. Beijing Da Xue Xue Bao Yi Xue Ban, 55(4):670-675.
36. Bo H, Changqing G, Shizhe G (2007). Anal-ysis on the Physiology Function of Yangming Stomach Meridian of Foot. China Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Pharmacy, (02):90-92.
37. Wang Y P, Zhang W B, Li H Y, et al (2021). Analysis on the route of conception ves-sel and governor vessel in Huangdi Nei-jing (The Yellow Emperor's Inner Clas-sic). Zhongguo Zhen Jiu, 41(7):805-812.
38. Li Y W, Li W, Wang S T, et al (2022). The autonomic nervous system: A potential link to the efficacy of acupuncture. Front Neurosci, 16:1038945.
39. Guo Y, Cao D Y, Zhang Z J, et al (2016). Electrical signal propagated across acu-points along Foot Taiyang Bladder Me-ridian in rats. Chin J Integr Med, 22(7):537-544.
40. Sun L, Yao J, Luo F, et al (2023). The role of acupuncture on the autonomic nervous system in irritable bowel syndrome. Ac-upuncture and Herbal Medicine, 3(02):76-82.
41. Huang L X (2023). On acupoints. Zhongguo Zhen Jiu, 43(10):1189-1201.
42. Zhang X, Yang W, Shang J, et al (2023). The lower He-sea points playing a significant role in postoperative ileus in colorectal cancer treated with acupuncture: based on machine-learning. Front Oncol, 13:1206196.
43. Lu M J, Yu Z, He Y, et al (2019). Electro-acupuncture at ST36 modulates gastric motility via vagovagal and sympathetic reflexes in rats. World J Gastroenterol, 25(19):2315-2326.
44. Wang M, Liu W, Ge J, et al (2023). The im-munomodulatory mechanisms for acu-puncture practice. Front Immunol, 14:1147718.
45. Noguchi E (2010). Acupuncture regulates gut motility and secretion via nerve re-flexes. Auton Neurosci, 156(1-2):15-18.
46. Zhang J, Liu Y, Li Z, et al (2023). Functional magnetic resonance imaging studies of acupuncture at ST36: a coordinate-based meta-analysis. Front Neurosci, 17:1180434.
47. Chen C Y, Ke M D, Kuo C D, et al (2013). The influence of electro-acupuncture stimulation to female constipation pa-tients. Am J Chin Med, 41(2):301-313.
48. Ma L Y, Liu Q Q, Wu L, et al (2021). Effect of electroacupuncture at Zusanli (ST36) and Zhongwan (CV12) on intestinal nu-tritional feeding intolerance in patients with severe acute pancreatitis. Zhen Ci Yan Jiu, 46(4):312-317.
49. Li Z M, Chen J Y, Sun S, et al (2020). Brief analysis on pivot effect of Tianshu (ST 25). Zhongguo Zhen Jiu, 40(12):1319-1321.
50. Xu W, Yuan M, Wu X, et al (2018). Electro-acupuncture Relieves Visceral Hypersen-sitivity by Inactivating Protease-Activated Receptor 2 in a Rat Model of Postinfectious Irritable Bowel Syn-drome. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med, 2018:7048584.
51. Yang Y C, Zhou Z X, Xue T, et al (2022). Effect of electroacupuncture on visceral sensitivity and colonic NGF, TrkA, TRPV1 expression in IBS-D rats. Zhongguo Zhen Jiu, 42(12):1395-1402.
52. Wang X M, Lu Y, Wu L Y, et al (2012). Mox-ibustion inhibits interleukin-12 and tu-mor necrosis factor alpha and modu-lates intestinal flora in rat with ulcera-tive colitis. World J Gastroenterol, 18(46):6819-6828.
53. Wei D, Xie L, Zhuang Z, et al (2019). Gut Microbiota: A New Strategy to Study the Mechanism of Electroacupuncture and Moxibustion in Treating Ulcerative Coli-tis. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med, 2019:9730176.
54. Song Y, Geng H, Chen L, et al (2020). Elec-troacupuncture relieves irritable bowel syndrome by increasing expression of nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain protein-like receptor family pyrin domain containing 6 in water-avoidance stress mice. J Tradit Chin Med, 40(3):407-413.
55. Yin S, Chen Y, Lei D, et al (2017). Cerebral mechanism of puncturing at He-Mu point combination for functional dys-pepsia: study protocol for a randomized controlled parallel trial. Neural Regen Res, 12(5):831-840.
56. Qi L Y, Yang J W, Yan S Y, et al (2022). Ac-upuncture for the Treatment of Diar-rhea-Predominant Irritable Bowel Syn-drome: A Pilot Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA Netw Open, 5(12):e2248817.
57. Duanmu C L, Zhang X N, He W, et al (2021). Electroacupuncture and transcutaneous electrical acupoint stimu-lation relieve muscular inflammatory pain by activating afferent nerve fibers in different layers of "Liangqiu"(ST34) in rats. Zhen Ci Yan Jiu, 46(5):404-410.
58. Xiaoling L, Kunyu Z, Lina C, et al (2019). Functional magnetic resonance imaging study of brain activation area of acu-puncture at Fenglong acupoint. Chin J Magn Reson Imaging, 10(11):813-816.
59. Qiao C, Sheng X, Xiaoling Z, et al (2019). Mechanism of Regulation Effect of " Regulating the Pivot Through back-Shu Points"Method on Cajal Interstitial Cells in Digestive Tract Smooth Muscle of Gastrointestinal Motility Disorder Mod-el Rats. Chinese Archives of Traditional Chi-nese Hinese Medicine, 37(12):2959-2962.
60. Han X, Wu H, Yin P, et al (2018). Electro-acupuncture restores hippocampal syn-aptic plasticity via modulation of 5-HT receptors in a rat model of depression. Brain Res Bull, 139:256-262.
61. Kawanokuchi J, Takagi K, Tanahashi N, et al (2021). Acupuncture Treatment for Social Defeat Stress. Front Behav Neurosci, 15:685433.
62. Shiozawa P, Duailibi M S, Da S M, et al (2014). Trigeminal nerve stimulation (TNS) protocol for treating major de-pression: an open-label proof-of-concept trial. Epilepsy Behav, 39:6-9.
63. Zhang Z, Li R, Chen Y, et al (2024). Integra-tion of traditional, complementary, and alternative medicine with modern bio-medicine: the scientization, evidence, and challenges for integration of tradi-tional Chinese medicine. Acupuncture and Herbal Medicine, 4(1):68-78.
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| Issue | Vol 54 No 8 (2025) | |
| Section | Review Article(s) | |
| DOI | https://doi.org/10.18502/ijph.v54i8.19568 | |
| Keywords | ||
| Acupuncture Data mining Acupoints compatibility rules | ||
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How to Cite
1.
Li H, Gao Y, Zuo G, Chen H, Zheng X, Li X, Zhang X, Wang Y, Zheng X, Fan X, She Y. Acupoints Compatibility Rules of Acupuncture for Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders Based on Data Mining Technology: A Systematic Review. Iran J Public Health. 2025;54(8):1591-1607.
