Spatial and Temporal Analysis of Meningitis Cumulative Incidence in Iran, 2011-2022
-
Maryam Ghalandari
,
Ali Dehghani
,
Seyed Mohsen Zahraei
,
Mohammad Hassan Lotfi
,
Farzan Madadizadeh
Abstract
Background: Meningitis is a public health challenge and one of the plans of the WHO is to defeat meningitis by 2030. This study was conducted to determine the trend of cumulative incidence and to draw a geographic map of meningitis in Iran.
Methods: Data on the cases of Fever and Neurological Symptoms Syndrome was obtained from the national surveillance system from 2011 to 2022. The cumulative incidence of meningitis was calculated for each year. Joinpoint version 5.4.0 and ArcGIS Desktop (ArcMap) 10.8.2 were used to investigate the trend of the disease incidence and identify the high-risk areas, respectively.
Results: Overall, 18,500 (24.35%) of the total cases were reported as confirmed and probable cases of meningitis. The cumulative incidence of bacterial meningitis decreased significantly in all age groups (P<0.05). The incidence of viral meningitis decreased in all ages and the population under 5 years (P<0.05). The incidence of Hib meningitis decreased in the population under 5 yr from 2015-2019 (P<0.05). The incidence of meningitis from all forms decreased in all ages and populations under 5 yr but increased in the population over 5 yr from 2011 to 2019, though these changes were not statistically significant.
Conclusion: The incidence of bacterial and viral meningitis has decreased in Iran similar to most parts of the world. The decrease in the incidence of Hib meningitis after the implementation of the vaccination in children under 5 yr emphasizes the importance of continuing Hib vaccination and integrating pneumococcal and meningococcal vaccinations into the national vaccination program.
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| Files | ||
| Issue | Vol 54 No 11 (2025) | |
| Section | Original Article(s) | |
| Keywords | ||
| Incidence Meningitis Bacterial Haemophilus Viral Spatio-temporal analysis Iran | ||
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