School-Based Program for Improving Disaster Preparedness among Indonesian Adolescents in Earthquake Risk Area: A Randomized Control Trial
-
Baskoro Setioputro
,
Windi Rohmatun Nabilah
,
Nur Apriliani
,
Rismawan Adi Yunanto
,
Ruris Haristiani
Abstract
Background: Indonesia is known as the home of disasters and this condition threatens the safety of the Indonesian people. Strengthening community capacity is still not optimal and school-based programs need to be carried out to prepare the younger generation to face earthquakes. This study aimed to analyze the effect of the school-based program on improving disaster preparedness (SBPIDP) among Indonesian adolescents in the earthquake risk area.
Methods: A randomized control trial was performed among 140 (INT=70; CON=70) adolescents in Indonesia in 2022. The SBPIDP lasted for 10 wk providing eight sessions of education and training activities. Data collection tools included a three-part questionnaire that consisted of demographics, knowledge, and self-efficacy for earthquake preparedness. The inter-group and intra-group differences were evaluated using paired t-test analysis, and analysis of variance (ANOVA) used to assess intervention effectiveness.
Results: There were significant differences in disaster preparedness among adolescents after the SBPIDP program was implemented after follow-up in the 10th week (knowledge (P=0.001) and self-efficacy (P=0.001)). The intervention group showed better preparedness than the control group during the follow-up period.
Conclusion: The SBPIDP program can significantly improve disaster preparedness among Indonesian adolescents in earthquake-risk areas.
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24. Setiyawan S, Nugraha A (2021). The effect of disaster education on the ability of adolescents to recognize COVID-19 prevention. Jurnal Pendidikan Keperawatan, 7(2):129–35.
25. Aldhafeeri FM, Alotaibi AA (2022). Effec-tiveness of digital education shifting model on high school students’ en-gagement. Educ Inf Technol (Dordr), 27(5):6869–91.
26. Shofiyah N, Untari RS, Saputra YEA (2022). Designing Andorid based mobile appli-cation for earth layer learning at junior high school. J Ilmu Pendidikan, 28(1):37-43.
27. Sakurai M, Shaw R (2022). The potential of digitally enabled disaster education for sustainable development goals. Sustaina-bility, 14(11): 6568.
28. Buchner J, Buntins K, Kerres M (2022). The impact of augmented reality on cogni-tive load and performance: A systematic review. Journal of Computer Assisted Learn-ing, 38(1): 285–303.
29. Egbert J, Roe MF, editors (2023). Theoreti-cal Models for Teaching and Research. Washington: Washington State Universi-ty, pp.: 52-68.
30. Ramlatchan M (2019). Multimedia learning the-ory and instructional message design. In In-structional Message Design. Vol. 1.New York: Springer, pp.: 10.
31. Deci EL, Ryan RM (2015). Self-Determination theory. In: Wright JD, editor. Internation-al Encyclopedia of the Social & Behav-ioral Sciences. 2nd ed. Amsterdam: Elsevier, pp.: 486-91.
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33. Astawa IBM, Citrawathi DM, Sudiana IK, et al (2022). The effect of flipped class-room based on disaster map visualiza-tion in disaster mitigation learning on students’ self-efficacy and critical think-ing skills. J Pendidikan IPA Indones; 11(2):303–13.
34. Cleodora C, Mustikasari, Gayatri D (2018). Therapeutic group therapy improved self-efficacy of school age children. Enferm Clín, 28(1):112–15.
35. Putri SF, Setiaji YT, Nanda HI (2024). The student’s response to independent learn-ing based on social cognitive theory perspective. International Journal of Multi-cultural and Multireligious Understanding, 11(1): 120-28.
36. Dasairy HF, Demartoto A, Prasetya H (2024). Application of social cognitive theory on factors related to alcohol consumption in adolescents: meta-analysis. J Health Promot Behav, 9(1): 61–76.
37. Halida H, Mappiare-AT A, Ramli M, et al (2022). Is symbolic modeling videos containing Malay values effective to im-prove student’s social harmony? Pegem Journal of Education and Instruction, 12(3): 144–53.
38. Borgert N, Jansen L, Böse I, Friedauer J, Sasse MA, Elson M (2024). Self-efcacy and security behavior: results from a sys-tematic review of research methods. In Proceedings of the CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI ’24), May 11–16, 2024, Honolulu, HI, USA. ACM, New York, NY, USA.
39. Du YZ, Kao TF, Yang L, et al (2023). The psychological effects of disasters on children and adolescents. In: Proceedings of the 2023 9th International Conference on Hu-manities and Social Science Research (ICHSSR 2023), 9: 813–20.
40. Clark RE, Mayer RE (2016). E-Learning and the science of instruction: proven guidelines for consumers and designers of multimedia learning. 4th ed. Hoboken (NJ): John Wiley & Sons, pp.: 528.
2. Oluwafemi JO, Ofuyatan O, Oyebisi SO, et al (2018). Review of World Earthquakes. International Journal of Civil Engineering and Technology, 9(9):440–64.
3. Frege IA, Bliecke V, Bradshaw S, et al (2023). WorldRiskReport 2023: Focus on Diversity. Bündnis Entwicklung Hilft, Berlin, pp.: 13-39.
4. Badan Nasional Penanggulangan Bencana (BNPB) (2021). DIBI (Data Informasi Bencana Indonesia). Jakarta: Badan Na-sional Penanggulangan Bencana. Avail-able from: https://dibi.bnpb.go.id/
5. Yayla U, Şahinöz T (2020). Preparedness for Earthquake: Knowledge and Behav-ior. Journal of International Health Sciences and Management, 6(11): 46-59.
6. Rostami-Moez M, Rabiee-Yeganeh M, Sho-kouhi M, et al (2020). Earthquake prepar-edness of households and its predictors based on health belief model. BMC Pub-lic Health, 20(1): 646.
7. Rohith VR, Kolathayar S, Priyatham K, et al (2018). Disaster Preparedness Index: A Valid and Reliable Tool to Compre-hend Disaster Preparedness in India. In: Urbanization Challenges in Emerging Econo-mies: Resilience and Sustainability of Infrastruc-ture - Selected Papers from the ASCE India Conference 2017. American Society of Civil Engineers, pp.: 156–63.
8. Wibowo R, Muniroh L, Azhar Alwahid M (2023). Disaster Education for Mitigate Nature Disaster at School. J Pend Tam-busai, 7(2): 11167-77.
9. Logayah DS, Maryani E, Ruhimat M, et al (2023). Understanding disaster literacy level in Indonesia: How can students understand natural disasters? J Pendidi-kan, 15(4): 4962-71.
10. Dwiningrum SIA, Sumunar DRS, Haryanto, et al (2021). Student knowledge about disaster in vocational school and high school: Case study in Lombok, Indone-sia. IOP Conf Ser: Earth Environ Sci, 630: 012020.
11. Amri A, Hanifa NR, Tebe Y, et al (2020). Evaluasi Nasional Program Satuan Pen-didikan Aman Bencana. Jakarta; Availa-ble from: https://spab.kemdikbud.go.id/
12. Muslim D, Hirnawan F, Haerani E, et al (2015). Disaster awareness education for children in schools around geological hazard-prone areas in Indonesia. In: Lollino G, Manconi A, Clague J, et al., editors. Engineering Geology for Society and Territory. Vol. 6, Applied Geology for Ma-jor Engineering Projects. Cham: Spring-er; p. 107–11.
13. Sakurai A, Sato T, Murayama Y (2020). Im-pact evaluation of a school-based disas-ter education program in a city affected by the 2011 great East Japan earthquake and tsunami disaster. Int J Disaster Risk Reduct, 47(3): 101632.
14. Matunhay LM (2022). Disaster preparedness and sensitivity level among higher edu-cation institution students. International Journal of Disaster Management, 5(2): 75–92.
15. Newnham EA, Tearne J, Gao X, et al (2019). Tailoring disaster risk reduction for adolescents: Qualitative perspectives from China and Nepal. Int J Disaster Risk Reduct, 34:337–45.
16. Badan Nasional Penanggulangan Bencana (BNPB) (2014). Pedoman kesiapsiagaan menghadapi gempabumi dan tsunami berbasis masyarakat. Jakarta: BNPB, pp.: 8-40.
17. Badan Metereologi Klimatologi Dan Geof-isika (BMKG) (2019). Buku saku: mengenal gempabumi & tsunami. Jakarta: Kedepu-tian Bidang Geofisika Badan Metere-ologi Klimatologi Dan Geofisika, pp.: 9-12.
18. Putra MDK, Rahayu W, Umar J (2019). In-donesian-language version of general self-efficacy scale-12 using Bayesian confirmatory factor analysis: A con-struct validity testing. J Penelit Eval Pen-didik, 23(1):12–25.
19. Yildiz A, Dickinson J, Priego-Hernández J, et al (2024). Effects of disaster education on children's risk perception and pre-paredness: A quasi-experimental longi-tudinal study. The Geographical Journal, 190: e12556.
20. Holst C, Stelzle D, Diep LM, et al (2022). Improving health knowledge through provision of free digital health educa-tion to rural communities in Iringa, Tanzania: nonrandomized intervention study. J Med Internet Res, 24(7): e37666.
21. Medina Aguerrebere P, Medina E, Gonza-lez Pacanowski T (2022). Promoting health education through mobile apps: A quantitative analysis of American hospitals. Healthcare (Basel), 10(11): 2231.
22. Abd El-Hay SA, Ibrahim NA, Hassan LA (2015). Effect of training program re-garding first aid and basic life support on the management of educational risk injuries among students in industrial secondary schools. IOSR J Nurs Health Sci, 4(6):32–43.
23. Yunanto RA, Wihastuti TA, Rachmawati SD (2017). Comparison of CPR training with mobile application and simulation to knowledge and skill of CPR. NurseLine J, 2(2):183–93.
24. Setiyawan S, Nugraha A (2021). The effect of disaster education on the ability of adolescents to recognize COVID-19 prevention. Jurnal Pendidikan Keperawatan, 7(2):129–35.
25. Aldhafeeri FM, Alotaibi AA (2022). Effec-tiveness of digital education shifting model on high school students’ en-gagement. Educ Inf Technol (Dordr), 27(5):6869–91.
26. Shofiyah N, Untari RS, Saputra YEA (2022). Designing Andorid based mobile appli-cation for earth layer learning at junior high school. J Ilmu Pendidikan, 28(1):37-43.
27. Sakurai M, Shaw R (2022). The potential of digitally enabled disaster education for sustainable development goals. Sustaina-bility, 14(11): 6568.
28. Buchner J, Buntins K, Kerres M (2022). The impact of augmented reality on cogni-tive load and performance: A systematic review. Journal of Computer Assisted Learn-ing, 38(1): 285–303.
29. Egbert J, Roe MF, editors (2023). Theoreti-cal Models for Teaching and Research. Washington: Washington State Universi-ty, pp.: 52-68.
30. Ramlatchan M (2019). Multimedia learning the-ory and instructional message design. In In-structional Message Design. Vol. 1.New York: Springer, pp.: 10.
31. Deci EL, Ryan RM (2015). Self-Determination theory. In: Wright JD, editor. Internation-al Encyclopedia of the Social & Behav-ioral Sciences. 2nd ed. Amsterdam: Elsevier, pp.: 486-91.
32. Ryan RM, Deci EL (2020). Intrinsic and ex-trinsic motivation from a self-determination theory perspective: Defi-nitions, theory, practices, and future di-rections. Contemp Educ Psychol, 61: 101860.
33. Astawa IBM, Citrawathi DM, Sudiana IK, et al (2022). The effect of flipped class-room based on disaster map visualiza-tion in disaster mitigation learning on students’ self-efficacy and critical think-ing skills. J Pendidikan IPA Indones; 11(2):303–13.
34. Cleodora C, Mustikasari, Gayatri D (2018). Therapeutic group therapy improved self-efficacy of school age children. Enferm Clín, 28(1):112–15.
35. Putri SF, Setiaji YT, Nanda HI (2024). The student’s response to independent learn-ing based on social cognitive theory perspective. International Journal of Multi-cultural and Multireligious Understanding, 11(1): 120-28.
36. Dasairy HF, Demartoto A, Prasetya H (2024). Application of social cognitive theory on factors related to alcohol consumption in adolescents: meta-analysis. J Health Promot Behav, 9(1): 61–76.
37. Halida H, Mappiare-AT A, Ramli M, et al (2022). Is symbolic modeling videos containing Malay values effective to im-prove student’s social harmony? Pegem Journal of Education and Instruction, 12(3): 144–53.
38. Borgert N, Jansen L, Böse I, Friedauer J, Sasse MA, Elson M (2024). Self-efcacy and security behavior: results from a sys-tematic review of research methods. In Proceedings of the CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI ’24), May 11–16, 2024, Honolulu, HI, USA. ACM, New York, NY, USA.
39. Du YZ, Kao TF, Yang L, et al (2023). The psychological effects of disasters on children and adolescents. In: Proceedings of the 2023 9th International Conference on Hu-manities and Social Science Research (ICHSSR 2023), 9: 813–20.
40. Clark RE, Mayer RE (2016). E-Learning and the science of instruction: proven guidelines for consumers and designers of multimedia learning. 4th ed. Hoboken (NJ): John Wiley & Sons, pp.: 528.
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| Issue | Vol 54 No 5 (2025) | |
| Section | Original Article(s) | |
| DOI | https://doi.org/10.18502/ijph.v54i5.18632 | |
| Keywords | ||
| School-based program Disaster Earthquake Indonesia Adolescents | ||
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How to Cite
1.
Setioputro B, Nabilah WR, Apriliani N, Yunanto R, Haristiani R. School-Based Program for Improving Disaster Preparedness among Indonesian Adolescents in Earthquake Risk Area: A Randomized Control Trial. Iran J Public Health. 2025;54(5):974-984.
