Investigating the Causes of Neonatal Mortality: An Umbrella Review
Abstract
Background: Neonatal mortality remains a critical global challenge, with preventable instances prevailing. The initial stride in mitigating neonatal mortality involves elucidating its underlying causes.
Methods: This study utilized an umbrella review approach to discern factors associated with neonatal mortality. Five international databases, namely Pub Med, Web of Science, Scopus, CINAHL, and EMBASE, were meticulously searched to achieve this.
Results: The initial search yielded 12,631 articles using a search strategy centered on keywords related to factors contributing to neonatal mortality. Ultimately, 95 articles met the criteria incorporated into this study.
Conclusion: This study endeavors to identify the primary risk factors contributing to neonatal mortality. The discerned risk factors have been systematically categorized into four groups: maternal factors, neonatal factors, aspects linked to healthcare systems, and socio-economic factors. As such, it is imperative for policymakers to take heed of these identified risk factors and formulate comprehensive strategies encompassing both long-term and short-term initiatives. Effective interventions spanning various sectors are crucial for the prevention of neonatal mortality.
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2. Boerma T, Requejo J, Victora CG, et al (2018). Countdown to 2030: tracking progress towards universal coverage for reproductive, maternal, newborn, and child health. Lancet, 391 (10129):1538-1548.
3. Transforming our world: the 2030 agenda for sustainable development, (2015). United Nations. https://sustainabledevelopment.un.org/post2015/transformingourworld/publiatiocn
4. Kerber KJ, Mathai M, Lewis G, et al (2015). Counting every stillbirth and neonatal death through mortality audit to improve quality of care for every pregnant woman and her baby. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth, 15 Suppl 2(Suppl 2):S9.
5. Singha AK, Phukan D, Bhasin S, Santhanam R (2022). Application of machine learning in analysis of infant mortality and its factors. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth,22:388.
6. Oliveira MMd, Andrade SSCdA, Dimech GS, et al (2015). Evaluation of the national information system on live births in Brazil, 2006-2010. Eoidemiol Serv Saude, 24:629-640.
7. Batieha AM, Khader YS, Berdzuli N, et al (2016). Level, causes and risk factors of neonatal mortality, in Jordan: results of a national prospective study. Matern Child Health J, 20 (5):1061-1071.
8. Kassar S, Melo A, Coutinho S, et al (2013). Determinants of neonatal death with emphasis on health care during pregnancy, childbirth and reproductive history. J Pediatr (Rio J), 89(3): 269-77.
9. Maniruzzaman M, Suri HS, Kumar N, et al (2018). Risk factors of neonatal mortality and child mortality in Bangladesh. J Glob Health, 8 (1):010417.
10. Levels and Trends in Child Mortality Report 2018. UNICEF.
11. Ramaiya A, Kiss L, Baraitser P, et al (2014). A systematic review of risk factors for neonatal mortality in adolescent mother's in Sub Saharan Africa. BMC Res Notes, 7:750.
12. Glass HC, Costarino AT, Stayer SA, et al (2015). Outcomes for extremely premature infants. Anesth Analg, 120 (6):1337-51.
13. Requejo JH, Bryce J, Barros AJ, et al (2015). Countdown to 2015 and beyond: fulfilling the health agenda for women and children. Lancet, 385 (9966):466-476.
14. Moura PMSS, Maestá I, Rugolo LMSS, et al (2014). Risk factors for perinatal death in two different levels of care: a case–control study. Reprod Health, 11 (1):11.
15. Aromataris E, Fernandez R, Godfrey CM, et al (2015). Summarizing systematic reviews: methodological development, conduct and reporting of an umbrella review approach. Int J Evid Based Healthc, 13 (3):132-40.
16. Michelle Pollock RMF, Lorne A Becker, Dawid Pieper, Lisa Hartling Chapter V: Overviews of Reviews. Cochrane Training, handbook.
17. Shea BJ, Reeves BC, Wells G, et al (2017). AMSTAR 2: a critical appraisal tool for systematic reviews that include randomised or non-randomised studies of healthcare interventions, or both. BMJ, 35: j4008 8.
18. Smith V, Devane D, Begley CM, Clarke M (2011). Methodology in conducting a systematic review of systematic reviews of healthcare interventions. BMC Med Res Methodol, 11 (1):15.
19. Pieper D, Antoine SL, Mathes T, et al (2014). Systematic review finds overlapping reviews were not mentioned in every other overview. J Clin Epidemiol, 67 (4):368-75.
20. Senn SJ (2009). Overstating the evidence: double counting in meta-analysis and related problems. BMC Med Res Methodol, 9:10.
21. Veloso FCS, Kassar LML, Oliveira MJC, et al (2019). Analysis of neonatal mortality risk factors in Brazil: a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies. J Pediatr (Rio J), 95 (5):519-530.
22. Buca DIP, Khalil A, Rizzo G, et al (2018). Outcome of prenatally diagnosed fetal heterotaxy: systematic review and meta-analysis. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol, 51 (3):323-330.
23. Stapleton PJ, Murphy M, McCallion N, et al (2016). Outbreaks of extended spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae in neonatal intensive care units: a systematic review. Arch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed, 101 (1):F72-8.
24. Ismail SA, McCullough A, Guo SF, et al (2019). Gender-related differences in care-seeking behaviour for newborns: a systematic review of the evidence in South Asia. BMJ Glob Health, 4 (3): e001309.
25. Spencer N (2004). The effect of income inequality and macro-level social policy on infant mortality and low birthweight in developed countries--a preliminary systematic review. Child Care Health Dev, 30 (6):699-709.
26. Thomson K, Moffat M, Arisa O, et al (2021). Socioeconomic inequalities and adverse pregnancy outcomes in the UK and Republic of Ireland: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMJ Open, 11 (3):e042753.
27. Best KE, Vieira R, Glinianaia SV, Rankin J (2019). Socio-economic inequalities in mortality in children with congenital heart disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Paediatr Perinat Epidemiol, 33 (4):291-309.
28. Gagnon AJ, Zimbeck M, Zeitlin J, et al (2009). Migration to western industrialised countries and perinatal health: A systematic review. Soc Sci Med, 69 (6):934-946.
29. Cedergren MI (2004). Maternal morbid obesity and the risk of adverse pregnancy outcome. Obstet Gynecol, 103 (2):219-24.
30. Khashan AS, Kenny LC (2009). The effects of maternal body mass index on pregnancy outcome. Eur J Epidemiol, 24 (11):697-705.
31. Leung T, Leung TY, Sahota DS, et al (2008). Trends in maternal obesity and associated risks of adverse pregnancy outcomes in a population of Chinese women. BJOG, 115 (12): 1529-37.
32. Driul L, Cacciaguerra G, Citossi A, et al (2008). Prepregnancy body mass index and adverse pregnancy outcomes. Arch Gynecol Obstet, 278 (1):23-26.
33. Scott-Pillai R, Spence D, Cardwell CR, et al (2013). The impact of body mass index on maternal and neonatal outcomes: a retrospective study in a UK obstetric population, 2004-2011. BJOG, 120 (8):932-9.
34. Heslehurst N, Vieira R, Hayes L, et al (2017). Maternal body mass index and post-term birth: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Obes Rev, 18 (3):293-308.
35. Aune D, Saugstad O, Henriksen T, et al (2014). Maternal body mass index and the risk of fetal death, stillbirth and infant mortality-a systematic review and meta-analysis of cohort studies. JAMA, 11(15):1536-1546
36. Wisborg K, Kesmodel U, Henriksen TB, et al (2000). A prospective study of smoking during pregnancy and SIDS. Arch Dis Child, 83 (3):203-206.
37. Frøen JF, Arnestad M, Vege Å, et al (2002). Comparative epidemiology of sudden infant death syndrome and sudden intrauterine unexplained death. Arch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed, 87 (2):F11-218.
38. Zhang K, Wang X (2013). Maternal smoking and increased risk of sudden infant death syndrome: A meta-analysis. Leg Med (Tokyo), 15 (3):115-121.
39. Marufu TC, Ahankari A, Coleman T, Lewis S (2015). Maternal smoking and the risk of still birth: systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC Public Health, 15:239.
40. Say L, Chou D, Gemmill A, et al(2014). Global causes of maternal death: a WHO systematic analysis. Lancet Glob Health, 2 (6):e323-33.
41. Umesawa M, Kobashi G (2017). Epidemiology of hypertensive disorders in pregnancy: prevalence, risk factors, predictors and prognosis. Hypertens Res, 40 (3):213-220.
42. Mol BWJ, Roberts CT, Thangaratinam S, et al (2016). Pre-eclampsia. Lancet, 387 (10022):999-1011.
43. Tranquilli AL, Dekker G, Magee L, et al (2014). The classification, diagnosis and management of the hypertensive disorders of pregnancy: A revised statement from the ISSHP. Pregnancy Hypertens, 4 (2):97-104.
44. Fokom-Domgue J, Noubiap JJ (2015). Diagnosis of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy in sub-Saharan Africa: a poorly assessed but increasingly important issue. J Clin Hypertens (Greenwich), 17 (1):70-3.
45. Egger M, Davey Smith G, Schneider M, Minder C (1997). Bias in meta-analysis detected by a simple, graphical test. BMJ, 315 (7109):629-34.
46. Kullima A, Kawuwa M, Audu B, et al (2009). A 5-year review of maternal mortality associated with eclampsia in a tertiary institution in northern Nigeria. Ann Afr Med, 8 (2):81-84.
47. Ananth CV, Keyes KM, Wapner RJ (2013). Pre-eclampsia rates in the United States, 1980-2010: age-period-cohort analysis. BMJ, 347:f6564.
48. Miranda ML, Swamy GK, Edwards S, et al (2010). Disparities in maternal hypertension and pregnancy outcomes: evidence from North Carolina, 1994-2003. Public Health Rep, 125 (4):579-587.
49. Gemechu KS, Assefa N, Mengistie B (2020). Prevalence of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy and pregnancy outcomes in Sub-Saharan Africa: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Womens Health (Lond), 16:1745506520973105.
50. Noubiap JJ, Bigna JJ, Nyaga U, et al (2019). The burden of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy in Africa: A systematic review and meta‐analysis. J Clin Hypertens (Greenwich), 21(4):479-488.
51. Carolan M, Frankowska D (2011). Advanced maternal age and adverse perinatal outcome: a review of the evidence. Midwifery, 27 (6):793-801.
52. Carolan M (2013). Maternal age >= 45 years and maternal and perinatal outcomes: A review of the evidence. Midwifery, 29 (5):479-489.
53. Huang L, Sauve R, Birkett N, et al (2008). Maternal age and risk of stillbirth: a systematic review. CMAJ, 178 (2):165-72.
54. Chibueze EC, Tirado V, Lopes KD, et al (2017). Zika virus infection in pregnancy: a systematic review of disease course and complications. Reprod Health, 14 (1):28.
55. Whelan J, Eeuwijk J, Bunge E, Beck E (2021). Systematic Literature Review and Quantitative Analysis of Health Problems Associated with Sexually Transmitted Neisseria gonorrhoeae Infection. Infect Dis Ther, 10 (4):1887-1905.
56. Kayem ND, Benson C, Aye CYL, et al (2022). Ebola virus disease in pregnancy: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg, 116(6):509-22.
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| Files | ||
| Issue | Vol 53 No 6 (2024) | |
| Section | Review Article(s) | |
| DOI | https://doi.org/10.18502/ijph.v53i6.15900 | |
| Keywords | ||
| Causes Neonatal Mortality Umbrella review | ||
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How to Cite
1.
Amini E, Heidarzadeh M, Ahmadian L, Ariafar S, Amiresmaili M. Investigating the Causes of Neonatal Mortality: An Umbrella Review. Iran J Public Health. 2024;53(6):1272-1283.
