The Relation of Body Mass Index and Blood Pressure in Iranian Children and Adolescents Aged 7- 18 Years Old

Abstract

Background: The obesity and hypertension are the major risk factors of several life threatening diseases. The present study was aimed to investigate the relation between body mass index (BMI) the validated index of adiposity and different aspect of blood pressure (BP).

Methods: Systolic and diastolic blood pressures and also weight and height of 7 to 18 years old children and adolescent col­lected in 2002 and 2004 respectively. Data was consisted of 14865 schoolchildren and adolescents from representative sam­ple of country. BMI was classified according to CDC 2000 standards into normal (BMI<85th percentile), at risk of over­weight (BMI≥85th and <95th percentile) and overweight (BMI≥ 95th percentile). Then, age-sex specific prevalence of be­ing overweight was derived. ANOVA was used to investigate the effect of BMI on systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure and mean arterial pressure of participants.

Results: Mean systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP) and mean arterial blood pressure (MAP) signifi­cantly increased with BMI (P< 0.0001) and age groups (P< 0.0001), and was significantly (P< 0.0001) higher in boys than girls especially in older ages. (P< 0.0001, interaction of age and BMI level). The proportion of being overweight was signifi­cantly higher in boys than girls was (7.4% vs. 3.6%; P< 0.0001).

Conclusion: There is an association between BP and BMI in children and adolescence. SBP, DBP and MAP are associated with rise in BMI and age, which was lower in girls. This data can provide basics for public health policy makers and pri­mary prevention policies in the country.