The Promotion of Physical Activity and Health-Related Factors during Pandemic for Children and Adolescents: A Review Article
Abstract
Background: Regularly performed physical activity promote proper development and prevent health risk factors in children and adolescents. Pandemic crisis has been limiting the scope of movement with social distancing for participation of physical activity for health promotion. This study aimed to review studies on promoting physical activity to prevent health risks for children and adolescents since the onset of COVID-19.
Methods: Three major online databases (PubMed, Medline, and Scopus) were searched for ‘physical activity,’ ‘intervention’ for children and adolescents. Seven articles were selected from 1,761 articles through the inclusion and exclusion processes.
Results: All studies were conducted through online. One study showed that streaming services and online apps majorly promoted MVPA (moderate-to-vigorous physical activity), MSE (muscle-strengthening exercise), or combined (MVPA, MSE) by 2.4, 3.1, and 4.3 folds, respectively. Another study showed that greater duration of physical activity (PA) prevented depressive symptoms during exposure to outbreak. Five intervention studies which used digital platforms to promote PA significantly encouraged PA along with the physiological, psychosocial, and academic achievement outcomes.
Conclusion: Internet-based digital platforms may assist to promote physical activity for improved psychosocial and academic achievement in children and adolescents during the untack period. Structured PA promotion platforms with various health outcomes for children and adolescents should be developed and scientifically evaluated.
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13. Guerrero MD, Vanderloo LM, Rhodes RE, et al (2020). Canadian children's and youth's adherence to the 24-h movement guidelines during the COVID-19 pandemic: A decision tree analysis. J Sport Health Sci, 9(4):313-321.
14. Deolmi M, Pisani F (2020). Psychological and psychiatric impact of COVID-19 pandemic among children and adolescents. Acta Biomed, 91(4):e2020149.
15. Cowley ES, Watson PM, Foweather L, et al (2021). Formative Evaluation of a Home-Based Physical Activity Intervention for Adolescent Girls-The HERizon Project: A Randomised Controlled Trial. Children (Basel), 8(2):76.
16. Zheng Y, Wang W, Zhong Y, et al (2021). A Peer-to-Peer Live-Streaming Intervention for Children During COVID-19 Homeschooling to Promote Physical Activity and Reduce Anxiety and Eye Strain: Cluster Randomized Controlled Trial. J Med Internet Res, 23(4):e24316.
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21. Ren H, He X, Bian X, et al (2021). The Protective Roles of Exercise and Maintenance of Daily Living Routines for Chinese Adolescents During the COVID-19 Quarantine Period. J Adolesc Health, 68(1):35-42.
22. Bates S, Greene D, O'Quinn L (2021). Virtual Sport-Based Positive Youth Development During the COVID-19 Pandemic. Child Adolesc Social Work J,1-12.
23. Serra G, Lo Scalzo L, Giuffre M, et al (2021). Smartphone use and addiction during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic: cohort study on 184 Italian children and adolescents. Ital J Pediatr, 47(1):150.
24. Jee H (2017). Review of researches on smartphone applications for physical activity promotion in healthy adults. J Exerc Rehabil, 13(1):3-11.
25. Direito A, Jiang Y, Whittaker R, et al (2015). Smartphone apps to improve fitness and increase physical activity among young people: protocol of the Apps for IMproving FITness (AIMFIT) randomized controlled trial. BMC Public Health, 15:635.
26. Suruliraj B, Bessenyei K, Bagnell A, et al (2021). Mobile Sensing Apps and Self-management of Mental Health During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Web-Based Survey. JMIR Form Res, 5(4):e24180.
27. Wong CA, Madanay F, Ozer EM, et al (2020). Digital Health Technology to Enhance Adolescent and Young Adult Clinical Preventive Services: Affordances and Challenges. J Adolesc Health, 67(2S):S24-S33.
28. Jee H, Park J (2020). Feasibility of a novice electronic psychometric assessment system for cognitively impaired. J Exerc Rehabil, 16(6):489-495.
29. Cushing CC, Bejarano CM, Ortega A, et al (2021). Adaptive mHealth Intervention for Adolescent Physical Activity Promotion. J Pediatr Psychol, jsaa125.
30. Brannon EE, Cushing CC (2015). A systematic review: is there an app for that? Translational science of pediatric behavior change for physical activity and dietary interventions. J Pediatr Psychol, 40(4):373-84.
31. Tornivuori A, Tuominen O, Salantera S, et al (2020). A systematic review on randomized controlled trials: Coaching elements of digital services to support chronically ill adolescents during transition of care. J Adv Nurs, 76(6):1293-1306.
32. Latino F, De Candia M, Morano M, et al (2021). The impact of an extracurricular outdoor physical activity program on long-term memory in adolescent during COVID-19 pandemic. Sustainability, 13(11):5812.
33. Poitras VJ, Gray CE, Borghese MM, et al (2016). Systematic review of the relationships between objectively measured physical activity and health indicators in school-aged children and youth. Appl Physiol Nutr Metab, 41(6 Suppl 3):S197-239.
34. Bermejo-Cantarero A, Alvarez-Bueno C, Martinez-Vizcaino V, et al (2017). Association between physical activity, sedentary behavior, and fitness with health related quality of life in healthy children and adolescents: A protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis. Medicine (Baltimore), 96(12):e6407.
35. Lubans D, Richards J, Hillman C, et al (2016). Physical Activity for Cognitive and Mental Health in Youth: A Systematic Review of Mechanisms. Pediatrics, 138(3):e20161642.
36. Hosker DK, Elkins RM, Potter MP (2019). Promoting Mental Health and Wellness in Youth Through Physical Activity, Nutrition, and Sleep. Child Adolesc Psychiatr Clin N Am, 28(2):171-193.
37. Alves JGB, Alves GV (2019). Effects of physical activity on children's growth. J Pediatr (Rio J), 1:72-78.
38. Shin S, Jee H (2020). Prevalence of metabolic syndrome in the Gulf Cooperation Council countries: meta-analysis of cross-sectional studies. J Exerc Rehabil, 16(1):27-35.
39. Lee IM, Shiroma EJ, Lobelo F, et al (2012). Effect of physical inactivity on major non-communicable diseases worldwide: an analysis of burden of disease and life expectancy. Lancet, 380(9838):219-29.
40. Psihogios AM, Stiles-Shields C, Neary M (2020). The Needle in the Haystack: Identifying Credible Mobile Health Apps for Pediatric Populations during a Pandemic and beyond. J Pediatr Psychol, 45(10):1106-1113.
41. Sekulic D, Blazevic M, Gilic B, et al (2020). Prospective analysis of levels and correlates of physical activity during COVID-19 pandemic and imposed rules of social distancing; gender specific study among adolescents from Southern Croatia. Sustainability, 12(10):4072.
2. Chaput JP, Willumsen J, Bull F, et al (2020). 2020 WHO guidelines on physical activity and sedentary behaviour for children and adolescents aged 5-17 years: summary of the evidence. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act, 17(1):141.
3. Sisk C (2016). Promoting Children's Health-Related Quality of Life. Pediatr Nurs, 42(2):86-8.
4. Das JK, Lassi ZS, Hoodbhoy Z, et al (2018). Nutrition for the Next Generation: Older Children and Adolescents. Ann Nutr Metab, 3:56-64.
5. Hall G, Laddu DR, Phillips SA, et al (2021). A tale of two pandemics: How will COVID-19 and global trends in physical inactivity and sedentary behavior affect one another? Prog Cardiovasc Dis, 64:108-110.
6. Golberstein E, Wen H, Miller BF (2020). Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) and Mental Health for Children and Adolescents. JAMA Pediatr, 174(9):819-820.
7. Nogueira-de-Almeida CA, Del Ciampo LA, Ferraz IS, et al (2020). COVID-19 and obesity in childhood and adolescence: a clinical review. J Pediatr (Rio J), 96(5):546-558.
8. Cuschieri S, Grech S (2020). COVID-19: a one-way ticket to a global childhood obesity crisis? J Diabetes Metab Disord ,19(2):1-4.
9. Zhou Y, Chi J, Lv W, et al (2021). Obesity and diabetes as high-risk factors for severe coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid-19). Diabetes Metab Res Rev, 37(2):e3377.
10. Shah K, Mann S, Singh R, et al (2020). Impact of COVID-19 on the Mental Health of Children and Adolescents. Cureus, 12(8):e10051.
11. Yomoda K, Kurita S (2021). Influence of social distancing during the COVID-19 pandemic on physical activity in children: A scoping review of the literature. J Exerc Sci Fit, 19(3):195-203.
12. Singh S, Roy D, Sinha K, et al (2020). Impact of COVID-19 and lockdown on mental health of children and adolescents: A narrative review with recommendations. Psychiatry Res, 293:113429.
13. Guerrero MD, Vanderloo LM, Rhodes RE, et al (2020). Canadian children's and youth's adherence to the 24-h movement guidelines during the COVID-19 pandemic: A decision tree analysis. J Sport Health Sci, 9(4):313-321.
14. Deolmi M, Pisani F (2020). Psychological and psychiatric impact of COVID-19 pandemic among children and adolescents. Acta Biomed, 91(4):e2020149.
15. Cowley ES, Watson PM, Foweather L, et al (2021). Formative Evaluation of a Home-Based Physical Activity Intervention for Adolescent Girls-The HERizon Project: A Randomised Controlled Trial. Children (Basel), 8(2):76.
16. Zheng Y, Wang W, Zhong Y, et al (2021). A Peer-to-Peer Live-Streaming Intervention for Children During COVID-19 Homeschooling to Promote Physical Activity and Reduce Anxiety and Eye Strain: Cluster Randomized Controlled Trial. J Med Internet Res, 23(4):e24316.
17. Dana A, Khajehaflaton S, Salehian MH, et al (2021). Effects of an Intervention in Online Physical Education Classes on Motivation, Intention, and Physical Activity of Adolescents during the COVID-19 Pandemic. Int J School Health, 8(3):141-49.
18. Latino F, Fischetti F, Cataldi S, et al (2021). The Impact of an 8-Weeks At-Home Physical Activity Plan on Academic Achievement at the Time of COVID-19 Lock-Down in Italian School. Sustainability, 13(11):5812.
19. Parker K, Uddin R, Ridgers ND, et al (2021). The Use of Digital Platforms for Adults' and Adolescents' Physical Activity During the COVID-19 Pandemic (Our Life at Home): Survey Study. J Med Internet Res, 23(2):e23389.
20. World Health Organization (2010). Global Recommendations on Physical Activity for Health. Global Recommendations on Physical Activity for Health.
21. Ren H, He X, Bian X, et al (2021). The Protective Roles of Exercise and Maintenance of Daily Living Routines for Chinese Adolescents During the COVID-19 Quarantine Period. J Adolesc Health, 68(1):35-42.
22. Bates S, Greene D, O'Quinn L (2021). Virtual Sport-Based Positive Youth Development During the COVID-19 Pandemic. Child Adolesc Social Work J,1-12.
23. Serra G, Lo Scalzo L, Giuffre M, et al (2021). Smartphone use and addiction during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic: cohort study on 184 Italian children and adolescents. Ital J Pediatr, 47(1):150.
24. Jee H (2017). Review of researches on smartphone applications for physical activity promotion in healthy adults. J Exerc Rehabil, 13(1):3-11.
25. Direito A, Jiang Y, Whittaker R, et al (2015). Smartphone apps to improve fitness and increase physical activity among young people: protocol of the Apps for IMproving FITness (AIMFIT) randomized controlled trial. BMC Public Health, 15:635.
26. Suruliraj B, Bessenyei K, Bagnell A, et al (2021). Mobile Sensing Apps and Self-management of Mental Health During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Web-Based Survey. JMIR Form Res, 5(4):e24180.
27. Wong CA, Madanay F, Ozer EM, et al (2020). Digital Health Technology to Enhance Adolescent and Young Adult Clinical Preventive Services: Affordances and Challenges. J Adolesc Health, 67(2S):S24-S33.
28. Jee H, Park J (2020). Feasibility of a novice electronic psychometric assessment system for cognitively impaired. J Exerc Rehabil, 16(6):489-495.
29. Cushing CC, Bejarano CM, Ortega A, et al (2021). Adaptive mHealth Intervention for Adolescent Physical Activity Promotion. J Pediatr Psychol, jsaa125.
30. Brannon EE, Cushing CC (2015). A systematic review: is there an app for that? Translational science of pediatric behavior change for physical activity and dietary interventions. J Pediatr Psychol, 40(4):373-84.
31. Tornivuori A, Tuominen O, Salantera S, et al (2020). A systematic review on randomized controlled trials: Coaching elements of digital services to support chronically ill adolescents during transition of care. J Adv Nurs, 76(6):1293-1306.
32. Latino F, De Candia M, Morano M, et al (2021). The impact of an extracurricular outdoor physical activity program on long-term memory in adolescent during COVID-19 pandemic. Sustainability, 13(11):5812.
33. Poitras VJ, Gray CE, Borghese MM, et al (2016). Systematic review of the relationships between objectively measured physical activity and health indicators in school-aged children and youth. Appl Physiol Nutr Metab, 41(6 Suppl 3):S197-239.
34. Bermejo-Cantarero A, Alvarez-Bueno C, Martinez-Vizcaino V, et al (2017). Association between physical activity, sedentary behavior, and fitness with health related quality of life in healthy children and adolescents: A protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis. Medicine (Baltimore), 96(12):e6407.
35. Lubans D, Richards J, Hillman C, et al (2016). Physical Activity for Cognitive and Mental Health in Youth: A Systematic Review of Mechanisms. Pediatrics, 138(3):e20161642.
36. Hosker DK, Elkins RM, Potter MP (2019). Promoting Mental Health and Wellness in Youth Through Physical Activity, Nutrition, and Sleep. Child Adolesc Psychiatr Clin N Am, 28(2):171-193.
37. Alves JGB, Alves GV (2019). Effects of physical activity on children's growth. J Pediatr (Rio J), 1:72-78.
38. Shin S, Jee H (2020). Prevalence of metabolic syndrome in the Gulf Cooperation Council countries: meta-analysis of cross-sectional studies. J Exerc Rehabil, 16(1):27-35.
39. Lee IM, Shiroma EJ, Lobelo F, et al (2012). Effect of physical inactivity on major non-communicable diseases worldwide: an analysis of burden of disease and life expectancy. Lancet, 380(9838):219-29.
40. Psihogios AM, Stiles-Shields C, Neary M (2020). The Needle in the Haystack: Identifying Credible Mobile Health Apps for Pediatric Populations during a Pandemic and beyond. J Pediatr Psychol, 45(10):1106-1113.
41. Sekulic D, Blazevic M, Gilic B, et al (2020). Prospective analysis of levels and correlates of physical activity during COVID-19 pandemic and imposed rules of social distancing; gender specific study among adolescents from Southern Croatia. Sustainability, 12(10):4072.
| Files | ||
| Issue | Vol 50 No 10 (2021) | |
| Section | Review Article(s) | |
| DOI | https://doi.org/10.18502/ijph.v50i10.7493 | |
| Keywords | ||
| Children Adolescents Physical activity Health promotion COVID-19 | ||
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How to Cite
1.
Jee H. The Promotion of Physical Activity and Health-Related Factors during Pandemic for Children and Adolescents: A Review Article. Iran J Public Health. 2021;50(10):1935-1943.
