Structural Relationship among Mobile Phone Dependence, Self-Efficacy, Time Management Disposition, and Academic Procrastination in College Students

PengSheng Chen; Jing Li; Seung-Yong Kim

doi:10.18502/ijph.v50i11.7582

Structural Relationship among Mobile Phone Dependence, Self-Efficacy, Time Management Disposition, and Academic Procrastination in College Students

PengSheng Chen

Jing Li

Seung-Yong Kim

Abstract

Background: We aimed to investigate the relationship among mobile phone dependence, self-efficacy for self-regulated learning, time management disposition, and academic procrastination in Chinese students majoring in physical education. In addition, we explored the mediating roles of self-efficacy for self-regulated learning and time management disposition in the relationship between mobile phone dependence and academic procrastination.

Methods: We adopted a random sampling method to identify 324 physical education majors at five universities in Shaanxi Province, China in 2020. Data were analyzed via exploratory factor analysis, confirmatory factor analysis, correlation analysis, structural equation model analysis, and path analysis.

Results: Mobile phone dependence had significant positive effects on academic procrastination (P<0.001) and self-efficacy for self-regulated learning (P<0.05) but a significant negative effect on time management disposition (P<0.001). Self-efficacy for self-regulated learning had a significant positive effect on academic procrastination (P<0.001), while time management disposition had a significant negative effect on academic procrastination (P<0.01). Notably, self-efficacy for self-regulated learning and time management disposition mediated the relationship between mobile phone dependence and academic procrastination (P<0.05).

Conclusion: In addition to its direct effect on academic procrastination, mobile phone dependence exerts an indirect effect via time management disposition and self-regulated learning efficacy. Reducing students’ dependence on mobile phones is necessary for attenuating academic procrastination on university campuses. Thus, universities should aim to restrict the use of mobile phones in the classroom, actively cultivate students’ confidence in their self-regulated learning ability, and educate them regarding appropriate time values.

1. China Internet Network Information Center (2021). The 47th ‘Statistical Report on the Development of China’s Internet’. China Internet Network Information Center. http://www.gov.cn.
2. Ghasempour A, Mansour MA (2015). The role of depression and attachment styles in predicting students’ addiction to cell phones. Addict Health, 7(3-4):192-7.
3. Masahiro T, Satoko E (2013). Multifactorial study of mobile phone dependence in medical students: Relationship to health-related lifestyle, Type A behavior, and de-pressive state. Open J Prev Med, 3(1):99-103.
4. Yen CF, Tang TC, Yen JY, et al (2009). Symptoms of problematic cellular phone use, functional impairment its association with depression among adolescents in Southern Taiwan. J Adolesc, 32(4):863-73.
5. Lee DJ (2002). College students’ hand-phone usage culture survey. University Cul-ture Newspaper, 8(1):253-72.
6. Huang JX, Liang YL, Chen BF, et al (2018). Studying on the status of mobile phone use and dependence in college manage-ment. The Chinese Health Service Management, 35(7):534-8.
7. Qing ZH, Wu CH, Cao JP (2018). The asso-ciation between mobile phone depend-ence and academic procrastination in col-lege students: The mediating role of time management disposition. Journal of Hubei University of Education, 35(8):73-6.
8. Krause K, Freund AM (2014). Delay or pro-crastination - A comparison of self-report and behavioral measures of pro-crastination and their impact on affective well-being. Pers Individ Differ, 63(9):75-80.
9. Klingsieck KB (2013). Procrastination: When good thing don’t come to those who wait. Eur Psychol, 18, 24-34.
10. Steel P (2007). The nature of procrastination: A meta-analytic and theoretical review of quintessential self-regulatory failure. Psychol Bull, 133 (1):65-94.
11. Lay CH (1994). Trait procrastinayion and af-fective experiences: Describing past study behavior and its relation to agitation and dejection. Motiv Emot, 18:269-84.
12. Huang XT, Zhang ZJ (2001). On individual time management disposition. Psychol Sci, 24(5):516-8.
13. Macan TH, Shahani C, Dipboye RL, et al (1990). College students’ time manage-ment: Correlations with academic per-formance and stress. J Educ Psychol, 82(4):760-8.
14. Lei JP, Lu Y, Pu M, et al (2014). Academic procrastination and time management disposition among adolescent. Chinese Journal of School Health, 35(1):64-6.
15. King ALS, Valen AA (2013). Nomophobia: Dependency on virtual environments or social phobia? Comput Hum Behav, 29(1):140-4.
16. Bandura A (1993). Perceived self-efficacy in cognitive development and functioning. Educ Psychol, 28(2):117-48.
17. Zimmerman BJ, Bandura A, Martine-Pons M (1992). Self-motivation for academic attainment: The role of self-efficacy be-liefs and personal goal setting. Am Educ Res J, 29(3):663-76.
18. Klassen RM, Krawchuk LL, Rajani S (2008). Academic procrastination of undergradu-ates: Low self-efficacy to self-regulate predicts higher levels of procrastination. Contemp Educ Psychol, 33(4):915-31.
19. Rebetez MML, Rochat L, Barsics C, et al (2018). Procrastination as a self-regulation failure: The role of impulsivity and intru-sive thoughts. Psychol Rep, 121(1):26-41.
20. Hair JF, Black WC, Babin BJ, et al (2006). Multivariate data analysis. (6th ed). Pearson Prentice Hall, Upper Saddle River, NJ. USA.
21. Leung L (2008). Linking psychological at-tributes to addiction and improper use of the mobile phone among adolescents in HongKong. J Child Media, 2(2):93-113.
22. Huang H, Niu LY, Zhou CY, et al (2014). Reliability and validity of mobile phone addiction index for Chinese college stu-dents. Chinese Journal of Clinical Psychology, 22(5):835-8.
23. Zimmerman BJ, Martine-Pons M (1986). Development of structure interview for assessing student use of self-regulated learning strategies. Am Educ Res J, 23(4):614-28.
24. Wang M, Qian MY (2015). The Chinese re-vision of self-regulated learning scale. China J Health Psychol, 23(10):1532-6.
25. Huang XT, Zhang ZJ (2001). The compiling of adolescence time management dispo-sition inventory. Acta Psychol Sin, 33(4):338-43.
26. Solomon LJ, Rothblum ED (1984). Aca-demic procrastination: Frequency and cognitive-behavioral correlates. J Couns Psychol, 31(4):504-10.
27. Ma J, Zhong YJ, Liang H, et al (2020). Study on interaction among mobile phone de-pendence, academic procrastination and learning burnout of nursing students in Guangzhou City. Occup and Health, 36(6):837-41.
28. Zhang C, Zhang L, Wang C (2017). Mediat-ing effect of self-control on the relation-ship between mobile phone dependence and academic procrastination in college students. China Journal of Health Psychology, 25(1):145-8.
29. Ji JJ, Wu Y, Tian XH (2014). The relation-ship among mobile phone dependence, academic procrastination and subjective well-being of college students. Journal of Hangzhou Normsl University (Natural Science Edition), 13(5):482-7.
30. Liu LY (2016). Research on the relationship between college students’ interpersonal relationship, self-regulated learning and mobile phone dependence. Adv Psychol, 6(7):836-45.
31. Chen CH, Su CY (2019). Using the bookroll e-book system to promote self-regulated learning, self-efficacy and academic achievement for university students. J Educ Techno Soc, 22(4):33-46.
32. Zhang J (2020). Research on the relationship between mobile phone dependence ten-dency, time management disposition and procrastination behavior of freshmen. The Science Education Article Collects, 497(6):158-9.
33. Klassen RM, Ang RP, Chong WH, et al (2009). A cross-cultural study of adoles-cent procrastination. J Res Adolesc, 19(4):799-811.
34. Clark JL, Hill OW (1994). Academic pro-crastination among African-American college students. Psychol Rep, 75(2):931-6.
35. Bi CZ, Peng XP (2005). Procrastination va-lidity of time management disposition in-ventory. Journal of Southwest China Normal University, 31(6):10-3.
36. Shi Y (2009). Relationship among university-freshman’ academic procrastination, locus of con-trol and time management. Master Thesis, Northeast Normal University, JiLin, Chi-na.
37. Gan LM, Yu JY (2009). Status and reasons of academic procrastination of university students. Journal of Sichuan College of Education, 25(2):1-3.

Files	XML PDF (1001KB)
Issue	Vol 50 No 11 (2021)
Section	Original Article(s)
DOI	https://doi.org/10.18502/ijph.v50i11.7582
Keywords
Academic procrastination Mobile phone dependence Time management disposition

Rights and permissions
	This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

How to Cite

Chen P, Li J, Kim S-Y. Structural Relationship among Mobile Phone Dependence, Self-Efficacy, Time Management Disposition, and Academic Procrastination in College Students. Iran J Public Health. 2021;50(11):2263-2273.

Vancouver

Download Citation