The Impact of High Ambient Temperature on Human Sperm Parameters: A Meta-Analysis
-
Ai-Phuong Hoang-Thi
,
Anh-Thu Dang-Thi
,
Sang Phan-Van
,
Thong Nguyen-Ba
,
Phuong-Lan Truong-Thi
,
Tam Le-Minh
,
Quoc-Huy Nguyen-Vu
,
Tung Nguyen-Thanh
Abstract
Background: Global warming, lifestyle, or working in a high temperature environment leads to have increased health risk factors. This meta-analysis was conducted to determine the impact of high ambient temperature on male reproductive function.
Methods: Scientific articles were screened in the database including MEDLINE, EMBASE, National center for biotechnology information (NCBI) or Web of Science with relating keywords. Impact data of high ambient temperature on semen parameters were extracted and analyzed by STATA software according to the Random Effects Model. The high ambient temperature exposure group and Non-exposure group were compared using the standard mean difference (SMD). Publications were evaluated for publication bias by Egger test.
Results: Nine articles were finally selected from databases examining the effect of high ambient temperature on male reproductive health of 356 men from Iran, Italy, Thailand, China, Egypt. High ambient temperature showed a significant decrease in the seminal parameters, semen volume during each ejaculation (SMD = -0.74; 95% CI -1.11, -0.36), sperm concentration (SMD = -1.07; 95% CI -1.42, -0.72), total sperm count (SMD = -1.52; 95% CI -2.96, -0.08), sperm motility (SMD = -1.93; 95% CI -2.83, -1.04), sperm progressive motility (SMD = -1.65; 95% CI -2.39, -0.91) and normal morphology (SMD = -2.41; 95% CI -3.30, -1.52).
Conclusion: High ambient temperature negatively affects sperm quality, including decreased semen volume, sperm count, sperm concentration, motility and normal morphology. This might lead to protective strategies to avoid the adverse effects of high ambient temperature on male fertility.
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2. Giudice LC (2021). Environmental impact on reproductive health and risk mitigating strategies. Curr Opin Obstet Gynecol , 33(4):343-349.
3. Hou Y, Wang X, Lei Z, et al (2015). Heat-stress-induced metabolic changes and altered male reproductive function. J Proteome Res,14(3):1495-503.
4. Mínguez-Alarcón L, Gaskins AJ, Chiu Y-H, et al (2018). Type of underwear worn and markers of testicular function among men attending a fertility center. Hum Reprod , 33(9):1749-1756.
5. Hamerezaee M, Dehghan SF, Golbabaei F, et al (2018). Assessment of Semen Quality among Workers Exposed to Heat Stress: A Cross-Sectional Study in a Steel Industry. Saf Health Work, 9(2):232-235.
6. Zhang Y, Yu C, Bao J, et al (2017). Impact of temperature on mortality in Hubei, China: a multi-county time series analysis. Scientific Reports, 7:45093.
7. Garolla A, Torino M, Sartini B, et al (2013). Seminal and molecular evidence that sauna exposure affects human spermatogenesis. Hum Reprod,28(4):877-85.
8. Sharlip ID, Jarow JP, Belker AM, et al (2002). Best practice policies for male infertility. Fertil Steril,77(5):873-82.
9. Jung A, Schill WB, Schuppe HC (2005). Improvement of semen quality by nocturnal scrotal cooling in oligozoospermic men with a history of testicular maldescent. Int J Androl ,28(2):93-8.
10. Jung A, Schuppe HC (2007). Influence of genital heat stress on semen quality in humans. Andrologia ,39(6):203-15.
11. Setchell BP, Waites GM, Thorburn GD (1966). Blood flow in the testis of the conscious ram measured with Krypton85: effects of heat, catecholamines and acetylcholine. Circulation research, 18:755-765.
12. Wang C, McDonald V, Leung A, et al (1998). Effect of Increased Scrotal Temperature on Sperm Production in Normal Men. The Journal of Urology, 160:623-4.
13. Wu Y-Q, Rao M, Hu S-F, et al (2020). Effect of transient scrotal hyperthermia on human sperm: an iTRAQ-based proteomic analysis. Reprod Biol Endocrinol , 18(1):83.
14. Zhao F, Whiting S, Lambourne S, et al (2021). Melatonin alleviates heat stress-induced oxidative stress and apoptosis in human spermatozoa. Free Radic Biol Med,164:410-416.
15. Durairajanayagam D, Agarwal A, Ong C (2015). Causes, effects and molecular mechanisms of testicular heat stress. Reprod Biomed Online ,30(1):14-27.
16. Gong Y, Guo H, Zhang Z, et al (2017). Heat Stress Reduces Sperm Motility via Activation of Glycogen Synthase Kinase-3α and Inhibition of Mitochondrial Protein Import. Front Physiol ,8:718-
17. Shahat A, Rizzoto G, Kastelic J (2020). Amelioration of heat stress-induced damage to testes and sperm quality. Theriogenology, 84-96.
18. Kim B, Park K, Rhee K (2013). Heat stress response of male germ cells. Cell Mol Life Sci, 70(15):2623-36.
19. Durairajanayagam D (2018). Lifestyle causes of male infertility. Arab J Urol, 16(1):10-20.
20. Al-Otaibi ST. (2018). Male infertility among bakers associated with exposure to high environmental temperature at the workplace. J Taibah Univ Med Sci,13(2):103-107.
21. Mohammadia M, Heidari H, Charkhloo E, et al (2020). Heat stress and physiological and perceptual strains of date harvesting workers in palm groves in Jiroft. Work ,66(3):625-636.
22. Sinawat S. (2000). The environmental impact on male fertility. J Med Assoc Thai ,83(8):880-5.
23. Zhang MH, Zhai LP, Fang ZY, et al (2018). Effect of scrotal heating on sperm quality, seminal biochemical substances, and reproductive hormones in human fertile men. J Cell Biochem, 119(12):10228-10238.
24. Saikhun J, Kitiyanant Y, Vanadurongwan V, et al (1998). Effects of sauna on sperm movement characteristics of normal men measured by computer-assisted sperm analysis. Int J Androl , 21(6):358-63.
25. Figa-Talamanca I, Dell'Orco V, Pupi A, et al (1992). Fertility and semen quality of workers exposed to high temperatures in the ceramics industry. Reprod Toxicol, 6(6):517-23.
26. Hjollund NHI, Storgaard L, Ernst E, et al (2002). Impact of diurnal scrotal temperature on semen quality. Reprod Toxicol,16(3):215-21.
27. Liberati A, Altman DG, Tetzlaff J, et al (2009). The PRISMA statement for reporting systematic and meta‐analyses of studies that evaluate interventions: explanation and elaboration. J Clin Epidemiol, 62(10):e1-34.
28. Luo D, Wan X, Liu J, et al (2018). Optimally estimating the sample mean from the sample size, median, mid-range, and/or mid-quartile range. Stat Methods Med Res, 27(6):1785-1805.
29. Hozo SP, Djulbegovic B, Hozo I (2005). Estimating the mean and variance from the median, range, and the size of a sample. BMC medical research methodology, 5:13.
30. Higgins JP, Thompson SG (2002). Quantifying heterogeneity in a meta‐analysis. Stat Med ,21(11):1539-58.
31. Momen MN, Ananian FB, Fahmy IM, et al (2010). Effect of high environmental temperature on semen parameters among fertile men. Fertil Steril,93(6):1884-6.
32. Rao M, Zhao X-L, Yang J, et al (2015). Effect of transient scrotal hyperthermia on sperm parameters, seminal plasma biochemical markers, and oxidative stress in men. Asian J Androl, 17(4):668-75.
33. Zhang M-H, Zhang A-D, Shi Z-D, et al (2015). Changes in levels of seminal nitric oxide synthase, macrophage migration inhibitory factor, sperm DNA integrity and caspase-3 in fertile men after scrotal heat stress. PLoS One, 10(10):e0141320.
34. Zhang M-H, Shi Z-D, Yu J-C, et al (2015). Scrotal heat stress causes sperm chromatin damage and cysteinyl aspartate-spicific proteinases 3 changes in fertile men. J Assist Reprod Genet, 32(5):747-755.
35. Robine J-M, Cheung SLK, Le Roy S, et al (2008). Death toll exceeded 70,000 in Europe during the summer of 2003. C R Biol, 331(2):171-8.
36. Shaposhnikov D, Revich B, Bellander T, et al (2014). Mortality related to air pollution with the Moscow heat wave and wildfire of 2010. Epidemiology, 25(3):359-64.
37. Sun Q, Miao C, Hanel M, et al (2019). Global heat stress on health, wildfires, and agricultural crops under different levels of climate warming. Environ Int,128:125-136.
38. Kjellstrom T, McMichael AJ (2013). Climate change threats to population health and well-being: the imperative of protective solutions that will last. Glob Health Action ,6:20816.
39. Rossati A. (2017). Global Warming and Its Health Impact. Int J Occup Environ Med, 8(1):7-20.
40. Calleja-Agius J, England K, Calleja N (2020). The effect of global warming on mortality. Early Hum Dev, 6 : 105222.
41. Costello A, Abbas M, Allen A, et al (2009). Managing the health effects of climate change: lancet and University College London Institute for Global Health Commission. Lancet, 373(9676):1693-733.
42. Rataj E, Kunzweiler K, Garthus-Niegel S (2016). Extreme weather events in developing countries and related injuries and mental health disorders-a systematic review. BMC Public Health, 16:1020.
43. Boggia B, Carbone U, Farinaro E, et al (2009). Effects of working posture and exposure to traffic pollutants on sperm quality. J Endocrinol Invest,32(5):430-4.
44. Boni R (2019). Heat stress, a serious threat to reproductive function in animals and humans. Mol Reprod Dev, 86(10):1307-1323.
45. Rachootin P, Olsen J (1983). The risk of infertility and delayed conception associated with exposures in the Danish workplace. J Occup Med, 25(5):394-402.
46. Golbabaei F, Monazzam M, Hematjo R, et al (2013). The assessment of heat stress and heat strain in pardis petrochemical complex, Tehran, Iran. Int J Occup Hyg, 5:6-11.
47. Mieusset R, Bujan L, Mondinat C, et al (1987). Association of scrotal hyperthermia with impaired spermatogenesis in infertile men. Fertil Steril, 48(6):1006-11.
48. Hussain J, Cohen M (2018). Clinical Effects of Regular Dry Sauna Bathing: A Systematic Review. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med, 2018:1857413.
49. Paasch U, Grunewald S, Fitzl G, et al (2003). Deterioration of plasma membrane is associated with activated caspases in human spermatozoa. J Androl, 24(2):246-52.
2. Giudice LC (2021). Environmental impact on reproductive health and risk mitigating strategies. Curr Opin Obstet Gynecol , 33(4):343-349.
3. Hou Y, Wang X, Lei Z, et al (2015). Heat-stress-induced metabolic changes and altered male reproductive function. J Proteome Res,14(3):1495-503.
4. Mínguez-Alarcón L, Gaskins AJ, Chiu Y-H, et al (2018). Type of underwear worn and markers of testicular function among men attending a fertility center. Hum Reprod , 33(9):1749-1756.
5. Hamerezaee M, Dehghan SF, Golbabaei F, et al (2018). Assessment of Semen Quality among Workers Exposed to Heat Stress: A Cross-Sectional Study in a Steel Industry. Saf Health Work, 9(2):232-235.
6. Zhang Y, Yu C, Bao J, et al (2017). Impact of temperature on mortality in Hubei, China: a multi-county time series analysis. Scientific Reports, 7:45093.
7. Garolla A, Torino M, Sartini B, et al (2013). Seminal and molecular evidence that sauna exposure affects human spermatogenesis. Hum Reprod,28(4):877-85.
8. Sharlip ID, Jarow JP, Belker AM, et al (2002). Best practice policies for male infertility. Fertil Steril,77(5):873-82.
9. Jung A, Schill WB, Schuppe HC (2005). Improvement of semen quality by nocturnal scrotal cooling in oligozoospermic men with a history of testicular maldescent. Int J Androl ,28(2):93-8.
10. Jung A, Schuppe HC (2007). Influence of genital heat stress on semen quality in humans. Andrologia ,39(6):203-15.
11. Setchell BP, Waites GM, Thorburn GD (1966). Blood flow in the testis of the conscious ram measured with Krypton85: effects of heat, catecholamines and acetylcholine. Circulation research, 18:755-765.
12. Wang C, McDonald V, Leung A, et al (1998). Effect of Increased Scrotal Temperature on Sperm Production in Normal Men. The Journal of Urology, 160:623-4.
13. Wu Y-Q, Rao M, Hu S-F, et al (2020). Effect of transient scrotal hyperthermia on human sperm: an iTRAQ-based proteomic analysis. Reprod Biol Endocrinol , 18(1):83.
14. Zhao F, Whiting S, Lambourne S, et al (2021). Melatonin alleviates heat stress-induced oxidative stress and apoptosis in human spermatozoa. Free Radic Biol Med,164:410-416.
15. Durairajanayagam D, Agarwal A, Ong C (2015). Causes, effects and molecular mechanisms of testicular heat stress. Reprod Biomed Online ,30(1):14-27.
16. Gong Y, Guo H, Zhang Z, et al (2017). Heat Stress Reduces Sperm Motility via Activation of Glycogen Synthase Kinase-3α and Inhibition of Mitochondrial Protein Import. Front Physiol ,8:718-
17. Shahat A, Rizzoto G, Kastelic J (2020). Amelioration of heat stress-induced damage to testes and sperm quality. Theriogenology, 84-96.
18. Kim B, Park K, Rhee K (2013). Heat stress response of male germ cells. Cell Mol Life Sci, 70(15):2623-36.
19. Durairajanayagam D (2018). Lifestyle causes of male infertility. Arab J Urol, 16(1):10-20.
20. Al-Otaibi ST. (2018). Male infertility among bakers associated with exposure to high environmental temperature at the workplace. J Taibah Univ Med Sci,13(2):103-107.
21. Mohammadia M, Heidari H, Charkhloo E, et al (2020). Heat stress and physiological and perceptual strains of date harvesting workers in palm groves in Jiroft. Work ,66(3):625-636.
22. Sinawat S. (2000). The environmental impact on male fertility. J Med Assoc Thai ,83(8):880-5.
23. Zhang MH, Zhai LP, Fang ZY, et al (2018). Effect of scrotal heating on sperm quality, seminal biochemical substances, and reproductive hormones in human fertile men. J Cell Biochem, 119(12):10228-10238.
24. Saikhun J, Kitiyanant Y, Vanadurongwan V, et al (1998). Effects of sauna on sperm movement characteristics of normal men measured by computer-assisted sperm analysis. Int J Androl , 21(6):358-63.
25. Figa-Talamanca I, Dell'Orco V, Pupi A, et al (1992). Fertility and semen quality of workers exposed to high temperatures in the ceramics industry. Reprod Toxicol, 6(6):517-23.
26. Hjollund NHI, Storgaard L, Ernst E, et al (2002). Impact of diurnal scrotal temperature on semen quality. Reprod Toxicol,16(3):215-21.
27. Liberati A, Altman DG, Tetzlaff J, et al (2009). The PRISMA statement for reporting systematic and meta‐analyses of studies that evaluate interventions: explanation and elaboration. J Clin Epidemiol, 62(10):e1-34.
28. Luo D, Wan X, Liu J, et al (2018). Optimally estimating the sample mean from the sample size, median, mid-range, and/or mid-quartile range. Stat Methods Med Res, 27(6):1785-1805.
29. Hozo SP, Djulbegovic B, Hozo I (2005). Estimating the mean and variance from the median, range, and the size of a sample. BMC medical research methodology, 5:13.
30. Higgins JP, Thompson SG (2002). Quantifying heterogeneity in a meta‐analysis. Stat Med ,21(11):1539-58.
31. Momen MN, Ananian FB, Fahmy IM, et al (2010). Effect of high environmental temperature on semen parameters among fertile men. Fertil Steril,93(6):1884-6.
32. Rao M, Zhao X-L, Yang J, et al (2015). Effect of transient scrotal hyperthermia on sperm parameters, seminal plasma biochemical markers, and oxidative stress in men. Asian J Androl, 17(4):668-75.
33. Zhang M-H, Zhang A-D, Shi Z-D, et al (2015). Changes in levels of seminal nitric oxide synthase, macrophage migration inhibitory factor, sperm DNA integrity and caspase-3 in fertile men after scrotal heat stress. PLoS One, 10(10):e0141320.
34. Zhang M-H, Shi Z-D, Yu J-C, et al (2015). Scrotal heat stress causes sperm chromatin damage and cysteinyl aspartate-spicific proteinases 3 changes in fertile men. J Assist Reprod Genet, 32(5):747-755.
35. Robine J-M, Cheung SLK, Le Roy S, et al (2008). Death toll exceeded 70,000 in Europe during the summer of 2003. C R Biol, 331(2):171-8.
36. Shaposhnikov D, Revich B, Bellander T, et al (2014). Mortality related to air pollution with the Moscow heat wave and wildfire of 2010. Epidemiology, 25(3):359-64.
37. Sun Q, Miao C, Hanel M, et al (2019). Global heat stress on health, wildfires, and agricultural crops under different levels of climate warming. Environ Int,128:125-136.
38. Kjellstrom T, McMichael AJ (2013). Climate change threats to population health and well-being: the imperative of protective solutions that will last. Glob Health Action ,6:20816.
39. Rossati A. (2017). Global Warming and Its Health Impact. Int J Occup Environ Med, 8(1):7-20.
40. Calleja-Agius J, England K, Calleja N (2020). The effect of global warming on mortality. Early Hum Dev, 6 : 105222.
41. Costello A, Abbas M, Allen A, et al (2009). Managing the health effects of climate change: lancet and University College London Institute for Global Health Commission. Lancet, 373(9676):1693-733.
42. Rataj E, Kunzweiler K, Garthus-Niegel S (2016). Extreme weather events in developing countries and related injuries and mental health disorders-a systematic review. BMC Public Health, 16:1020.
43. Boggia B, Carbone U, Farinaro E, et al (2009). Effects of working posture and exposure to traffic pollutants on sperm quality. J Endocrinol Invest,32(5):430-4.
44. Boni R (2019). Heat stress, a serious threat to reproductive function in animals and humans. Mol Reprod Dev, 86(10):1307-1323.
45. Rachootin P, Olsen J (1983). The risk of infertility and delayed conception associated with exposures in the Danish workplace. J Occup Med, 25(5):394-402.
46. Golbabaei F, Monazzam M, Hematjo R, et al (2013). The assessment of heat stress and heat strain in pardis petrochemical complex, Tehran, Iran. Int J Occup Hyg, 5:6-11.
47. Mieusset R, Bujan L, Mondinat C, et al (1987). Association of scrotal hyperthermia with impaired spermatogenesis in infertile men. Fertil Steril, 48(6):1006-11.
48. Hussain J, Cohen M (2018). Clinical Effects of Regular Dry Sauna Bathing: A Systematic Review. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med, 2018:1857413.
49. Paasch U, Grunewald S, Fitzl G, et al (2003). Deterioration of plasma membrane is associated with activated caspases in human spermatozoa. J Androl, 24(2):246-52.
| Files | ||
| Issue | Vol 51 No 4 (2022) | |
| Section | Review Article(s) | |
| DOI | https://doi.org/10.18502/ijph.v51i4.9232 | |
| Keywords | ||
| Meta-analysis Global warming Temperature Heat stress Semen Spermatogenesis | ||
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How to Cite
1.
Hoang-Thi A-P, Dang-Thi A-T, Phan-Van S, Nguyen-Ba T, Truong-Thi P-L, Le-Minh T, Nguyen-Vu Q-H, Nguyen-Thanh T. The Impact of High Ambient Temperature on Human Sperm Parameters: A Meta-Analysis. Iran J Public Health. 2022;51(4):710-723.
