Analysis of the Structural Relationship of Sports Participation and Ego-Resilience in the Health-Promoting Behavior of Korean Adolescents during the COVID-19 Pandemic
Abstract
Background: We aimed to verify the structural relationship between sports participation, ego-resilience, and health-promoting behavior of Korean adolescents in a pandemic situation.
Methods: In Nov 2020, an online survey was conducted with 751 adolescents in Korea. The data obtained through the survey were analyzed in several ways, including frequency, reliability, confirmatory factor, descriptive statistical, and path analyses.
Results: Sports participation had a positive effect on ego-resilience and health-promoting behavior, while ego-resilience has a positive effect on health-promoting behavior. Overall, sports participation directly affects health-promoting behavior and that an indirect effect occurs through ego-resilience.
Conclusion: Educational institutions such as schools and the Korea Offices of Education should devise various measures so that adolescents growing up in a global pandemic situation can strengthen their health-promoting behavior by securing ego-resilience through participation in various sports.
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3. Füzéki E, Groneberg DA, Banzer W (2020). Physical activity during COVID-19 in-duced lockdown: Recommendations. J Occup Med Toxicol, 15:25.
4. Duggal NA, Niemiro G, Harridge SDR, et al (2019). Can physical activity ameliorate immunosenescence and thereby reduce age-related multi-morbidity? Nat Rev Im-munol, 19(9): 563-72.
5. Dashtidehkordi A, Shahgholian N, Attari F (2019). Exercise during hemodialysis and health-promoting behaviors: A clinical trial. BMC Nephrol, 20(1): 96.
6. Füzeki E, Banzer W (2018). Physical activity recommendations for health and beyond in currently inactive populations. Int J En-viron Res Public Health, 15(5): 1042.
7. Nieman DC, Wentz LM (2019). The com-pelling link between physical activity and the body’s defense system. J Sport Health Sci, 8(3): 201-17.
8. Onagbiye SO, Mchiza ZJR, Bassett SH, et al (2020). Novel coronavirus and regular physical activity involvement: Opinion. Afr J Prim Health Care Fam Med, 12(1):2453.
9. Black C, Ford-Gilboe M (2004). Adolescent mothers: Resilience, family health work and health-promoting practices. J Adv Nurs, 48(4):351-60.
10. Moore QL, Kulesza C, Kimbro R, et al (2020). The role of prosocial behavior in promoting physical activity, as an indica-tor of resilience, in a low-income neigh-borhood. Behav Med, 46 (3-4): 353-65.
11. Masten AS (2001). Ordinary magic: Resili-ence processes in development. Am Psy-chol, 56 (3): 227-38.
12. Taylor K, Scruggs PW, Balemba OB, et al (2018). Associations between physical ac-tivity, resilience, and quality of life in peo-ple with inflammatory bowel disease. Eur J Appl Physiol, 118 (4): 829-36.
13. Vella SA, Cliff DP, Okely AD, et al (2013). Associations between sports participa-tion, adiposity and obesity-related health behaviors in australian adolescents. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act, 10: 113.
14. Román-Mata SS, Puertas-Molero P, Ubago-Jiménez JL, et al (2020). Benefits of Phys-ical Activity and Its Associations with Re-silience, Emotional Intelligence, and Psy-chological Distress in University Students from Southern Spain. Int J Environ Res Public Health, 17(12): 4474.
15. Li-Ching M, Hong-Jer C, Yueh-Min L, et al (2013). The relationship between health-promoting behaviors and resilience in pa-tients with chronic kidney disease. Scien-tificWorldJournal, 2013: 124973
16. Yoshikawa E, Nishi D, Matsuoka YJ (2016). Association between regular physical ex-ercise and depressive symptoms mediat-ed through social support and resilience in Japanese company workers: a cross-sectional study. BMC Public Health, 16: 553.
17. Li J, Hooker NH (2010). Childhood obesity and schools: evidence from the national survey of children's health. J Sch Health, 80 (2): 96-103.
18. Tarozzi A (2012). Some facts about boy ver-sus girl health indicators in India: 1992–2005. CESifo Economic Studies, 58 (2): 296-321.
19. Duncan LR, Hall CR, Wilson PM, et al (2010). Exercise motivation: a cross-sectional analysis examining its relation-ships with frequency, intensity, and dura-tion of exercise. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act, 7: 7.
20. Delisle TT, Werch CE, Wong AH, et al (2010). Relationship between frequency and intensity of physical activity and health behaviors of adolescents. J Sch Health, 80 (3): 134-40.
21. Snyder EE, Spreitzer EE (1983). Social Aspect of Sport. 2nd ed. Prentice-Hall: Englewood Cliffs, NJ, USA.
22. Lee SM, Jeong HC, So WY, et al (2020). Mediating Effect of Sports Participation on the Relationship between Health Per-ceptions and Health Promoting Behavior in Adolescents. Int J Environ Res Public Health, 17 (18): 6744.
23. Kim MH, Kim SH (2010). Development of an Ego-resilience Scale for Middle School Students. Korea Journal of Counseling, 11 (1): 189-206.
24. Walker SN, Sechrist KR, Pender NJ (1987). The health-promoting lifestyle profile: Development and psychometric charac-teristics. Nurs Res, 36(2):76–81.
25. Kline RB (2011). Principles and practice of struc-tural equation modeling. 3rd ed. New York: Guilford.
26. West SG, Finch JF, Curran PJ (1995). Struc-tural equation model with non-normal variables: Problems and remedies. In R. Hoyle (Ed.): Structural Equation Modeling: Concepts, Issues and Applications. Newbury Park, CA: Sage.
27. Pate RR, Trost SG, Levin S, et al (2000). Sports participation and health-related behaviors among US youth. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med, 154 (9): 904-11.
28. Taliaferro LA, Rienzo BA, Donovan KA (2010). Relationships between youth sport participation and selected health risk behaviors from 1999 to 2007. J Sch Health, 80 (8): 399-410.
29. Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (2020). Organization for Economic Cooperation and Devel-opment Health Statistics 2020. Organiza-tion for Economic Cooperation and De-velopment. Available from: http://www.oecd.org/els/health-systems/health-data.htm
30. Thiel A, Thedinga HK, Barkhoff H, et al (2018). Why are some groups physically active and others not? A contrast group analysis in leisure settings. BMC Public Health, 18(1): 377.
31. Park SU, Ahn HK, So WY (2020). Develop-ing a Model of Health Behavior Inten-tions and Actual Health Behaviors of Ko-rean Male University Students. Journal of Men's Health, 16 (1): 1-9.
32. Kunicki ZJ (2017). The factor structure of resili-ence and the relationship between resilience and physical activity. Unpublished doctoral dis-sertation. University of Rhode Island, USA.
33. Lee DJ, Kim DJ, Lim EJ, et al (2018). An Exploration on the educational meaning and experience of female students partic-ipating in the school volleyball club. Kore-an Journal of Sport Pedagogy, 25 (1): 147-69.
34. Domokos C, Domokos M, Mirică SN, et al (2020). Being a student at the faculty of sports and physical education in COVID- 19 pandemic times - A mo-ment in life. Timisoara Physical Education and Rehabilitation Journal, 13 (24): 45-50.
35. Dumitrescu AL, Kawamura M, Dogaru BC, et al (2009). Self-reported oral health sta-tus, oral health-related behaviours, resili-ence and hope in Romania. Oral Health Prev Dent, 7 (3): 251-9.
36. Ayres CG, Pontes NM (2018). Use of theo-ry to examine health responsibility in ur-ban adolescents. J Pediatr Nurs, 38: 40-5.
37. Lee SM, So WY, & Youn HS (2021). Im-portance-Performance Analysis of Health Perception among Korean Adolescents during the COVID-19 Pandemic. Int J Environ Res Public Health, 18(3), 1280.
2. World Health Organization (2020). Corona-virus disease (COVID-19) advice for the public. World Health Organization. Avail-able from: https://www.who.int/emergencies/diseases/novel-coronavirus-2019/advice-for-public.
3. Füzéki E, Groneberg DA, Banzer W (2020). Physical activity during COVID-19 in-duced lockdown: Recommendations. J Occup Med Toxicol, 15:25.
4. Duggal NA, Niemiro G, Harridge SDR, et al (2019). Can physical activity ameliorate immunosenescence and thereby reduce age-related multi-morbidity? Nat Rev Im-munol, 19(9): 563-72.
5. Dashtidehkordi A, Shahgholian N, Attari F (2019). Exercise during hemodialysis and health-promoting behaviors: A clinical trial. BMC Nephrol, 20(1): 96.
6. Füzeki E, Banzer W (2018). Physical activity recommendations for health and beyond in currently inactive populations. Int J En-viron Res Public Health, 15(5): 1042.
7. Nieman DC, Wentz LM (2019). The com-pelling link between physical activity and the body’s defense system. J Sport Health Sci, 8(3): 201-17.
8. Onagbiye SO, Mchiza ZJR, Bassett SH, et al (2020). Novel coronavirus and regular physical activity involvement: Opinion. Afr J Prim Health Care Fam Med, 12(1):2453.
9. Black C, Ford-Gilboe M (2004). Adolescent mothers: Resilience, family health work and health-promoting practices. J Adv Nurs, 48(4):351-60.
10. Moore QL, Kulesza C, Kimbro R, et al (2020). The role of prosocial behavior in promoting physical activity, as an indica-tor of resilience, in a low-income neigh-borhood. Behav Med, 46 (3-4): 353-65.
11. Masten AS (2001). Ordinary magic: Resili-ence processes in development. Am Psy-chol, 56 (3): 227-38.
12. Taylor K, Scruggs PW, Balemba OB, et al (2018). Associations between physical ac-tivity, resilience, and quality of life in peo-ple with inflammatory bowel disease. Eur J Appl Physiol, 118 (4): 829-36.
13. Vella SA, Cliff DP, Okely AD, et al (2013). Associations between sports participa-tion, adiposity and obesity-related health behaviors in australian adolescents. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act, 10: 113.
14. Román-Mata SS, Puertas-Molero P, Ubago-Jiménez JL, et al (2020). Benefits of Phys-ical Activity and Its Associations with Re-silience, Emotional Intelligence, and Psy-chological Distress in University Students from Southern Spain. Int J Environ Res Public Health, 17(12): 4474.
15. Li-Ching M, Hong-Jer C, Yueh-Min L, et al (2013). The relationship between health-promoting behaviors and resilience in pa-tients with chronic kidney disease. Scien-tificWorldJournal, 2013: 124973
16. Yoshikawa E, Nishi D, Matsuoka YJ (2016). Association between regular physical ex-ercise and depressive symptoms mediat-ed through social support and resilience in Japanese company workers: a cross-sectional study. BMC Public Health, 16: 553.
17. Li J, Hooker NH (2010). Childhood obesity and schools: evidence from the national survey of children's health. J Sch Health, 80 (2): 96-103.
18. Tarozzi A (2012). Some facts about boy ver-sus girl health indicators in India: 1992–2005. CESifo Economic Studies, 58 (2): 296-321.
19. Duncan LR, Hall CR, Wilson PM, et al (2010). Exercise motivation: a cross-sectional analysis examining its relation-ships with frequency, intensity, and dura-tion of exercise. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act, 7: 7.
20. Delisle TT, Werch CE, Wong AH, et al (2010). Relationship between frequency and intensity of physical activity and health behaviors of adolescents. J Sch Health, 80 (3): 134-40.
21. Snyder EE, Spreitzer EE (1983). Social Aspect of Sport. 2nd ed. Prentice-Hall: Englewood Cliffs, NJ, USA.
22. Lee SM, Jeong HC, So WY, et al (2020). Mediating Effect of Sports Participation on the Relationship between Health Per-ceptions and Health Promoting Behavior in Adolescents. Int J Environ Res Public Health, 17 (18): 6744.
23. Kim MH, Kim SH (2010). Development of an Ego-resilience Scale for Middle School Students. Korea Journal of Counseling, 11 (1): 189-206.
24. Walker SN, Sechrist KR, Pender NJ (1987). The health-promoting lifestyle profile: Development and psychometric charac-teristics. Nurs Res, 36(2):76–81.
25. Kline RB (2011). Principles and practice of struc-tural equation modeling. 3rd ed. New York: Guilford.
26. West SG, Finch JF, Curran PJ (1995). Struc-tural equation model with non-normal variables: Problems and remedies. In R. Hoyle (Ed.): Structural Equation Modeling: Concepts, Issues and Applications. Newbury Park, CA: Sage.
27. Pate RR, Trost SG, Levin S, et al (2000). Sports participation and health-related behaviors among US youth. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med, 154 (9): 904-11.
28. Taliaferro LA, Rienzo BA, Donovan KA (2010). Relationships between youth sport participation and selected health risk behaviors from 1999 to 2007. J Sch Health, 80 (8): 399-410.
29. Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (2020). Organization for Economic Cooperation and Devel-opment Health Statistics 2020. Organiza-tion for Economic Cooperation and De-velopment. Available from: http://www.oecd.org/els/health-systems/health-data.htm
30. Thiel A, Thedinga HK, Barkhoff H, et al (2018). Why are some groups physically active and others not? A contrast group analysis in leisure settings. BMC Public Health, 18(1): 377.
31. Park SU, Ahn HK, So WY (2020). Develop-ing a Model of Health Behavior Inten-tions and Actual Health Behaviors of Ko-rean Male University Students. Journal of Men's Health, 16 (1): 1-9.
32. Kunicki ZJ (2017). The factor structure of resili-ence and the relationship between resilience and physical activity. Unpublished doctoral dis-sertation. University of Rhode Island, USA.
33. Lee DJ, Kim DJ, Lim EJ, et al (2018). An Exploration on the educational meaning and experience of female students partic-ipating in the school volleyball club. Kore-an Journal of Sport Pedagogy, 25 (1): 147-69.
34. Domokos C, Domokos M, Mirică SN, et al (2020). Being a student at the faculty of sports and physical education in COVID- 19 pandemic times - A mo-ment in life. Timisoara Physical Education and Rehabilitation Journal, 13 (24): 45-50.
35. Dumitrescu AL, Kawamura M, Dogaru BC, et al (2009). Self-reported oral health sta-tus, oral health-related behaviours, resili-ence and hope in Romania. Oral Health Prev Dent, 7 (3): 251-9.
36. Ayres CG, Pontes NM (2018). Use of theo-ry to examine health responsibility in ur-ban adolescents. J Pediatr Nurs, 38: 40-5.
37. Lee SM, So WY, & Youn HS (2021). Im-portance-Performance Analysis of Health Perception among Korean Adolescents during the COVID-19 Pandemic. Int J Environ Res Public Health, 18(3), 1280.
| Files | ||
| Issue | Vol 50 No 3 (2021) | |
| Section | Original Article(s) | |
| DOI | https://doi.org/10.18502/ijph.v50i3.5597 | |
| Keywords | ||
| Adolescent Sports participation Ego-resilience Health-promoting behavior Pandemic | ||
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How to Cite
1.
LEE D-J, CHANG B-K, LEE S. Analysis of the Structural Relationship of Sports Participation and Ego-Resilience in the Health-Promoting Behavior of Korean Adolescents during the COVID-19 Pandemic. Iran J Public Health. 2021;50(3):557-565.
