Differences of Serum 25- (OH) D3 Level and Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes between Women with Gestational Diabetes and Healthy Pregnant Women
Abstract
Background: The difference in serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 (25-(OH) D3) level between the gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and healthy pregnant women was analyzed, to provide the experimental evidence for the vitamin supplement in pregnant women, especially those with GDM.
Methods: Pregnant women (n=50) who received prenatal care in the Obstetrical Clinic of Xuzhou Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital in summer and winter of 2016 were enrolled. They were assigned to the summer GDM group, winter GDM group, summer control group and winter control group. The level of serum 25-(OH)D3 was determined using immunochromatography.
Results: The mean level of serum 25-(OH)D3 in pregnant women of four groups was lower than normal level. Compared with control group in corresponding season, the winter and summer GDM groups had significantly lower level of 25-(OH)D3 than the winter and summer control groups (P<0.05). The winter GDM group had significantly lower level of 25-(OH)D3 than the summer GDM group (P<0.05). The winter control group had significantly lower level of 25-(OH)D3 than the summer control group (P<0.05). The percentage of deficient 25-(OH)D3 level was the highest in winter GDM group. Vitamin D deficiency was severer in pregnant women with GDM than healthy pregnant women. In winter, vitamin D deficiency was severer than that in summer.
Conclusion: Pregnant women, especially those with GDM, should pay more attention to vitamin D supplementation.
2. Garcia-Vargas L, Addision SS, Nistala R, et al (2012). Gestational diabetes and the offspring:implications in the develop-ment of the cardiorenal metabolic syn-drome in offspring. Cardiorenal Med, 2(2): 134-142.
3. Lacroix M，Battista MC，Doyon M，et al (2014). Lower vitamin D levels at first trimester are associated with higher risk of developing gestational diabetes melli-tus. Acta Diabetol, 51(4): 609-616.
4. Li SY, Lv XF, Tian HM (2011). Vitamin D metabolism and gestational diabetes. Chi-nese J Diabetes Mellitus, 3: 441-443．
5. Zhang MX, Li L (2015). Situation of 25-hydroxy Vitamin D deficiency in the first and second trimester of pregnant wom-en. Chinese J Clin Res, 28: 1637-1639．
6. Lerchbaum E, Obermayer-Pietsch B (2012). Vitamin D and fertility: a systematic re-view. Eur J Endocrinol, 166(5): 765-778.
7. De Paula FJ, Rosen CJ (2012). Vitamin D safety and requirements. Arch Biochem Bio-phys, 523(1): 64-72.
8. Obstetrics Section of the Obstetrics and Gynecology Branch of the Chinese Med-ical Association (2014). Guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of pregnancy with diabetes. Chinese J Obstet Gynecol, 49: 561-569.
9. Yang Y, Tian HM, Li PQ, et al (2011). As-sociation of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 with islet β cell function and insulin resistance in new onset type 2 diabetics. Chinese J Diabetes Mellitus, 3: 314-318.
10. Holick MF, Binkly NC, Bischoff-Ferrari HA, et al (2011). Evaluation, treatment, and prevention of Vitamin D deficiency: an Endocrine Society clinical practice guide-line. J Clin Endocrinol Metab, 96(7): 1911-1930.
11. Li YY, Zhang HK, Li ZL, Zhang CY (2014). Current status of adverse preg-nancy outcomes and their influencing factors. Chinese J Woman and Child Health Res, 25: 577-580.
12. Lapillonne A (2010). Vitamin D deficiency during pregnancy may impair maternal and fetal outcomes. Med Hypotheses, 74(1): 71-75．
13. Nassar N, Halligan GH, Roberts CL, et al (2011). Systematic review of first trimester vitamin D normative levels and outcomes of pregnancy. Am J Obstet Gynecol, 205(3): 208.e1-7．
14. Sun Y, Yang H, Sun W J (2008). Risk factors for pre-eclampsia in pregnant Chinese women with abnormal glucose metabo-lism. Int J Gynaecol Obstet, 101(1): 74-76.
15. Fan Z, Yang H, Gao X, et al (2006). Preg-nancy outcome in gestational diabetes. Int J Gynecol Obstet, 94(1): 12-16.
16. Bentley-Lewis R, Huynh J, Xiong G, et al (2015). Metabolomic profiling in the pre-diction of gestational diabetes mellitus. Diabetologia, 58(6): 1329-1332.
17. Shand AW, Nassar N, Von Dadeiszen P, et al (2010). Maternal vitamin D status in pregnancy and adverse pregnancy out-comes in a group at high risk for pre-eclampsia. BJOG, 117(13): 1593-1598．
18. Mozaffari-Khosravi H，Hosseinzadeh-Shamsi-Anar M，Salami MA，et al (2012). Effects of a single post-partum injection of a high dose of vitamin D on glucose tolerance and insulin resistance in mothers with first-time gestational diabe-tes mellitus. Diabet Med, 29(1): 36-42．
19. Kayaniyil S, Retnakaran R, Harris SB, et al (2011). Prospective associations of vita-min D with β-cell function and glycemia the PROspective Metabolism and ISlet cell Evaluation ( PROMISE) cohort study. Diabetes, 60(11): 2947-2953．
20. Guo J, Xiao Z, Xue X, et al (2013). 25-Hydroxyvitamin D is closely related with the function of the pancreatic islet β cells. Pak J Med Sci, 29(3): 809- 813．
21. Jeddi S, Syedmoradi L, Bagheripour F et al (2015). The effects of vitamin D on insu-lin release from isolated islets of rats. Int J Endocrinol Metab, 13(1): e20620．
22. Parlea L, Bromberg IL, Feig DS, et al (2012). Association between serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D in early pregnancy and risk of gestation diabetes mellitus. Diabet Med, 29(7): e25-32．
23. Mao X, Zheng H, Liu Z, et al (2014). Analy-sis of 25(OH)D serum concentrations of hospitalized elderly patients in the Shang-hai area. PLoS One, 9(3): e90729.
| Files | ||
| Issue | Vol 50 No 1 (2021) | |
| Section | Original Article(s) | |
| DOI | https://doi.org/10.18502/ijph.v50i1.5080 | |
| Keywords | ||
| 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 Vitamin D drops Gestational diabetes mellitus Pregnant women China | ||
| Rights and permissions | |
|
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License. |
