Spatio-Temporal Mechanism Underlying the Effect of Urban Heat Island on Cardiovascular Diseases
Abstract
Background: We explored the spatio-temporal characteristics of urban heat island (UHI) effect on cardiovascular diseases (CVDs).
Methods: The land surface temperatures (LST) were retrieved from four Landsat remote-sensing images’ data, the temperature data from 95 meteorological stations, and analysis data on CVDs mortality. Based on these data, landscape pattern indexes were used to analyze the pattern-process-function and the mechanism.
Results: During 1984–2017, the effects of UHI on CVDs increased, thereby increased the mortality by 28.8%. The affected areas gradually expand from the central area of the city and undergo three evolution stages; the highly affected areas are mainly distributed in central and southern regions, and patches increase in number. The areas and ratio of high-level patches also show an upward tendency, increasing dominance in the overall landscape. Patches of the overall landscape become more complicated in shape, whereas those of high-level ones become less complicated. Concentration degree of the overall landscape decreases gradually with the types of landscapes patches increasing, reaching a rather even space distribution.
Conclusion: Increased temperatures exacerbated by UHI lead to increased CVD mortality. As cities expand, the effects of UHI on CVDs increase in terms of both intensity and areas, with the overall landscape in uneven distribution, high-level affected areas in point distribution, and low-level ones in large-area concentration.
1. Baccini M, Biggeri A, Accetta G, et al (2008). Heat effects on mortality in 15 European cities. Epidemiology, 19(5):711-9.
2. Solaun K, Cerda E (2020). The influence of climate change on electricity demand. Case study in the Basque Country. Dyna, 95(2), 163-9.
3. Ostro BD, Roth LA, Green RS, et al (2009). Estimating the mortality effect of the July 2006 California heat wave. Environ Res, 109(5):614-9.
4. Kenney WL, Craighead DH, Alexander LM (2014). Heat waves aging and human car-diovascular health. Med Sci Sport Exer, 46(10):1891-9.
5. Vandentorren S, Bretin P, Zeghnoun A, et al (2006). August 2003 heat wave in France: Risk factors for death of elderly people living at home. Eur J Public Health, 16(6):583-91.
6. Silveira IH, Oliveira BFA, Cortes TR, et al (2019). The effect of ambient temperature on cardiovascular mortality in 27 Brazilian cities. Sci Total Environ, 691:996-1004.
7. Williams S, Nitschke M, Sullivan T, et al (2012). Heat and health in Adelaide, South Australia: Assessment of heat thresholds and temperature relationships. Sci Total Environ, 414:126-33.
8. Huang HC,Yun YX, Xu H, et al (2019). In-fluence of the Mega-Urban Heat Island on Spatial Transfer of Summer Thermal Comfort: Evidence from Tianjin, China. Teh Glas, 26(1):183-92.
9. Wu CG, Cui HL, Lin YY, et al (2015). Anal-ysis of the seasonal variation of urban heat island landscape pattern in Western Shenzhen based on Landsat TM data. Environ Sci Technol. (7):182-8. [In Chinese]
10. Zhou TT, Lian LS, Li BF, et al (2017). The change of spatial-temporal characteristics of Qingdao urban heat island based on remote sensing. J. Earth Environ, 8(2): 157-68. [In Chinese]
11. Wu JY, Smithwick EAH (2016). Landscape fragmentation as a risk factor for buruli ulcer disease in Ghana. Am J Trop Med Hyg, 95(1):63-9.
12. Liu H, Weng Q (2009). An examination of the effect of landscape pattern, land sur-face temperature, and socioeconomic conditions on WNV dissemination in Chicago. Environ Monit Assess, 159(1-4):143-61.
13. Tran PM, Waller L (2013). Effects of land-scape fragmentation and climate on lyme disease incidence in the Northeastern United States. Ecohealth, 10(4):394-404.
14. Li J, Xu X, Yang J, et al (2017). Ambient high temperature and mortality in Jinan, China: A study of heat thresholds and vulnerable populations. Environ Res, 156(4):657-64.
15. Li N, Xu YM, He M, et al (2018). Retrieval of Apparent Temperaturein Beijing Based on Remote Sensing. Ecol Env, 27(6):1113-21. [In Chinese]
16. Duplancic Leder T, Leder N (2018). Land Surface Temperature Determination in the Town of Mostar Area. Teh Glas, 25(4):1219-26.
17. Martin P, Baudouin Y, Gachon P (2015). An alternative method to characterize the sur-face urban heat island. Int J Biometeorol, 59(7):849-61.
18. Qin ZH, Li WJ, Zhang MH, et al (2003). Es-timating of the essential atmospheric pa-rameters of mono-window algorithm for land surface temperature retrieval from Landsat TM6. Remote Sens Land & Resour, (02):37-43. [In Chinese]
19. Liang YQ, Hong X, Xu F (2015). Impacts of meteorological factors on death caused by cardiovascular disease in Nan-jing City. Chin J Dis Contr Prev, 19(1): 24-7. [In Chinese]
20. Chung JY, Honda Y, Hong YC, et al (2009). Ambient temperature and mortality: An international study in four capital cities of East Asia. Sci Total Environ, 408(2):390-6.
21. Kang N, Li Z, Luo L, et al (2010). Meteorological As-sessment of Ecological Qualities and Bio-Meteorological Indicators in Ya’an. Plateau Mt Me-teorol Res, 30(3):36-42. [In Chinese]
22. Zhang Y, Shang KZ, Sun H, et al (2018). Correlation analysis between the death toll from respiratory system and circulatory system diseases and mete-orological factors in Nanjing City. J Lanzhou Univ (Nat Sci), 50(1):59-65. [In Chinese]
23. Song ZQ, Wang YL (2004). Progress in research on ecological impact of urban landscape structure. Prog Geo, 23(2):97-106. [In Chinese]
24. Qiao Z, Tian G, Zhang L, et al (2014). Influences of urban expansion on urban heat island in Beijing during 1989-2010. Adv Meteorol, 2014:1-11.
25. Madaniyazi L, Zhou Y, Li S, et al (2016). Outdoor Temperature, Heart Rate and Blood Pressure in Chinese Adults: Effect Modification by Individual Characteristics. Sci Rep, 6:1-9.
26. Zhang HL, Wang QG, Zhang YJ, et al (2018). Modeling the impacts of ambient temperatures on cardiovascular mortality in Yinchuan: evidence from a northwestern city of China. Environ Sci Pol-lut Res, 25(6):6036-43.
27. Basu R, Ostro BD (2008). A multicounty analysis identifying the populations vulnerable to mortality associated with high ambient temperature in Cali-fornia. Am J Epidemiol, 168(6):632-7.
28. Cheng XS, Su H (2010). Effects of climatic tempera-ture stress on cardiovascular diseases. Eur J Intern Med, 21(3):164-7.
29. Urban A, Davídkovová H, Kyselý J (2014). Heat- and cold-stress effects on cardiovascular mortality and morbidity among urban and rural popula-tions in the Czech Republic. Int J Biometeorol, 58(6):1057-68.
30. Li GX, Zhou MG, Cai Y, et al (2011). Does temper-ature enhance acute mortality effects of ambient particle pollution in Tianjin City, China. Sci Total Environ, 409(10):1811-7.
31. Dong JY, Liu XR, Zhang BZ, et al (2016). Meta-analysis of association between short-term ozone exposure and population mortality in China. Acta Sci Circumstantiae, 36(4):1477-85. [In Chinese]
32. Yang H, Xi ZG, Liu XH, et al (2018). Research Pro-gress in Effects of Ozone on Cardiovascular Sys-tem. J Prevent Med Chin People's Liberation Army, 36(02):271-4. [In Chinese]
33. Yang CY, Meng X, Chen RJ, et al (2015). Long-term variations in the association between ambient temperature and daily cardiovascular mortality in Shanghai, China. Sci Total Environ, 538:524-30.
34. Baaghideh M, Mayvaneh F (2017). Climate Change and Simulation of Cardiovascular Disease Mor-tality: A Case Study of Mashhad, Iran. Iran J Public Health, 46(3):396-407.
35. Zhang SY, Zhang XK, Tian Y, et al (2015). Effect and its Mechanism of Artificial Heat Wave on Coronary Heart Diseases. Meteorol Mon, 41(06):761-70. [In Chinese]
36. Xie GD, Zhang B, Lu CX, et al (2015). Rapid expan-sion of the metropolitan areas and impacts of re-sources and the environment. Resour Sci, 37(06): 1108-14. [In Chinese]
37. Huang HC, Yang HL, Deng X, et al (2020). Analyz-ing the Influencing Factors of Urban Thermal Field Intensity Using Big-Data-Based GIS. Sustain Cities Soc, 55:0-102024.
2. Solaun K, Cerda E (2020). The influence of climate change on electricity demand. Case study in the Basque Country. Dyna, 95(2), 163-9.
3. Ostro BD, Roth LA, Green RS, et al (2009). Estimating the mortality effect of the July 2006 California heat wave. Environ Res, 109(5):614-9.
4. Kenney WL, Craighead DH, Alexander LM (2014). Heat waves aging and human car-diovascular health. Med Sci Sport Exer, 46(10):1891-9.
5. Vandentorren S, Bretin P, Zeghnoun A, et al (2006). August 2003 heat wave in France: Risk factors for death of elderly people living at home. Eur J Public Health, 16(6):583-91.
6. Silveira IH, Oliveira BFA, Cortes TR, et al (2019). The effect of ambient temperature on cardiovascular mortality in 27 Brazilian cities. Sci Total Environ, 691:996-1004.
7. Williams S, Nitschke M, Sullivan T, et al (2012). Heat and health in Adelaide, South Australia: Assessment of heat thresholds and temperature relationships. Sci Total Environ, 414:126-33.
8. Huang HC,Yun YX, Xu H, et al (2019). In-fluence of the Mega-Urban Heat Island on Spatial Transfer of Summer Thermal Comfort: Evidence from Tianjin, China. Teh Glas, 26(1):183-92.
9. Wu CG, Cui HL, Lin YY, et al (2015). Anal-ysis of the seasonal variation of urban heat island landscape pattern in Western Shenzhen based on Landsat TM data. Environ Sci Technol. (7):182-8. [In Chinese]
10. Zhou TT, Lian LS, Li BF, et al (2017). The change of spatial-temporal characteristics of Qingdao urban heat island based on remote sensing. J. Earth Environ, 8(2): 157-68. [In Chinese]
11. Wu JY, Smithwick EAH (2016). Landscape fragmentation as a risk factor for buruli ulcer disease in Ghana. Am J Trop Med Hyg, 95(1):63-9.
12. Liu H, Weng Q (2009). An examination of the effect of landscape pattern, land sur-face temperature, and socioeconomic conditions on WNV dissemination in Chicago. Environ Monit Assess, 159(1-4):143-61.
13. Tran PM, Waller L (2013). Effects of land-scape fragmentation and climate on lyme disease incidence in the Northeastern United States. Ecohealth, 10(4):394-404.
14. Li J, Xu X, Yang J, et al (2017). Ambient high temperature and mortality in Jinan, China: A study of heat thresholds and vulnerable populations. Environ Res, 156(4):657-64.
15. Li N, Xu YM, He M, et al (2018). Retrieval of Apparent Temperaturein Beijing Based on Remote Sensing. Ecol Env, 27(6):1113-21. [In Chinese]
16. Duplancic Leder T, Leder N (2018). Land Surface Temperature Determination in the Town of Mostar Area. Teh Glas, 25(4):1219-26.
17. Martin P, Baudouin Y, Gachon P (2015). An alternative method to characterize the sur-face urban heat island. Int J Biometeorol, 59(7):849-61.
18. Qin ZH, Li WJ, Zhang MH, et al (2003). Es-timating of the essential atmospheric pa-rameters of mono-window algorithm for land surface temperature retrieval from Landsat TM6. Remote Sens Land & Resour, (02):37-43. [In Chinese]
19. Liang YQ, Hong X, Xu F (2015). Impacts of meteorological factors on death caused by cardiovascular disease in Nan-jing City. Chin J Dis Contr Prev, 19(1): 24-7. [In Chinese]
20. Chung JY, Honda Y, Hong YC, et al (2009). Ambient temperature and mortality: An international study in four capital cities of East Asia. Sci Total Environ, 408(2):390-6.
21. Kang N, Li Z, Luo L, et al (2010). Meteorological As-sessment of Ecological Qualities and Bio-Meteorological Indicators in Ya’an. Plateau Mt Me-teorol Res, 30(3):36-42. [In Chinese]
22. Zhang Y, Shang KZ, Sun H, et al (2018). Correlation analysis between the death toll from respiratory system and circulatory system diseases and mete-orological factors in Nanjing City. J Lanzhou Univ (Nat Sci), 50(1):59-65. [In Chinese]
23. Song ZQ, Wang YL (2004). Progress in research on ecological impact of urban landscape structure. Prog Geo, 23(2):97-106. [In Chinese]
24. Qiao Z, Tian G, Zhang L, et al (2014). Influences of urban expansion on urban heat island in Beijing during 1989-2010. Adv Meteorol, 2014:1-11.
25. Madaniyazi L, Zhou Y, Li S, et al (2016). Outdoor Temperature, Heart Rate and Blood Pressure in Chinese Adults: Effect Modification by Individual Characteristics. Sci Rep, 6:1-9.
26. Zhang HL, Wang QG, Zhang YJ, et al (2018). Modeling the impacts of ambient temperatures on cardiovascular mortality in Yinchuan: evidence from a northwestern city of China. Environ Sci Pol-lut Res, 25(6):6036-43.
27. Basu R, Ostro BD (2008). A multicounty analysis identifying the populations vulnerable to mortality associated with high ambient temperature in Cali-fornia. Am J Epidemiol, 168(6):632-7.
28. Cheng XS, Su H (2010). Effects of climatic tempera-ture stress on cardiovascular diseases. Eur J Intern Med, 21(3):164-7.
29. Urban A, Davídkovová H, Kyselý J (2014). Heat- and cold-stress effects on cardiovascular mortality and morbidity among urban and rural popula-tions in the Czech Republic. Int J Biometeorol, 58(6):1057-68.
30. Li GX, Zhou MG, Cai Y, et al (2011). Does temper-ature enhance acute mortality effects of ambient particle pollution in Tianjin City, China. Sci Total Environ, 409(10):1811-7.
31. Dong JY, Liu XR, Zhang BZ, et al (2016). Meta-analysis of association between short-term ozone exposure and population mortality in China. Acta Sci Circumstantiae, 36(4):1477-85. [In Chinese]
32. Yang H, Xi ZG, Liu XH, et al (2018). Research Pro-gress in Effects of Ozone on Cardiovascular Sys-tem. J Prevent Med Chin People's Liberation Army, 36(02):271-4. [In Chinese]
33. Yang CY, Meng X, Chen RJ, et al (2015). Long-term variations in the association between ambient temperature and daily cardiovascular mortality in Shanghai, China. Sci Total Environ, 538:524-30.
34. Baaghideh M, Mayvaneh F (2017). Climate Change and Simulation of Cardiovascular Disease Mor-tality: A Case Study of Mashhad, Iran. Iran J Public Health, 46(3):396-407.
35. Zhang SY, Zhang XK, Tian Y, et al (2015). Effect and its Mechanism of Artificial Heat Wave on Coronary Heart Diseases. Meteorol Mon, 41(06):761-70. [In Chinese]
36. Xie GD, Zhang B, Lu CX, et al (2015). Rapid expan-sion of the metropolitan areas and impacts of re-sources and the environment. Resour Sci, 37(06): 1108-14. [In Chinese]
37. Huang HC, Yang HL, Deng X, et al (2020). Analyz-ing the Influencing Factors of Urban Thermal Field Intensity Using Big-Data-Based GIS. Sustain Cities Soc, 55:0-102024.
| Files | ||
| Issue | Vol 49 No 8 (2020) | |
| Section | Original Article(s) | |
| DOI | https://doi.org/10.18502/ijph.v49i8.3889 | |
| PMCID | PMC7554388 | |
| PMID | 33083322 | |
| Keywords | ||
| Urban heat island; Cardiovascular disease; Landscape pattern; Spatio-temporal characteristic | ||
| Rights and permissions | |
|
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License. |
How to Cite
1.
HUANG C, DENG X, YANG H, ZHOU X, JIA Q. Spatio-Temporal Mechanism Underlying the Effect of Urban Heat Island on Cardiovascular Diseases. Iran J Public Health. 2020;49(8):1455-1466.
