The Relationship between Norms and Risky Driving Behavior: A Systematic Review
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Abstract
Background: Road accident statistics has been seen increasing over the years despite numerous efforts made by the authorities. Human factors have contributed 90% of accident occurrence with risky driving behavior being one of the significant human factors that can be further explained through norms. This review paper aimed to investigate the relationship between norms and drivers’ risky driving behavior.
Methods: A systematic review process was conducted through four academic databases namely Scopus, Wiley Online Library, Emerald and Web of Science of no limitation for date. Overall, 3443 titles were identified and after several screening and reviewing processes, only 27 studies were included.
Results: The results of the review demonstrated mixed findings between subjective norm and risky driving behavior, whereas the relationship between group norm, moral norm, injunctive norm, descriptive norm and risky driving behavior were observed significant.
Conclusion: Appropriate educational awareness is required to educate the society in practicing good norms for mutual benefit of the society. Parents also need to set a good example for their children by abiding the traffic rules and regulation.
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2. Haghi A, Ketabi D, Ghanbari G, Rajabi H (2014). Assessment of Human Errors in Driving Accident; Analysis of the Causes Based on Aberrant Behaviors. Life Sci J, 11(9):414-20.
3. Wishart D, Somoray K, Rowland B (2017). Role of thrill and adventure seeking in risky work-related driving behaviours. Pers Individ Differ, 104:362-7.
4. Fruhen LS, Flin R (2015). Car driver attitudes, perceptions of social norms and aggressive driving behavior towards cyclists. Accid Anal Prev, 83:162-70.
5. Malle BF (2011). Attribution Theories: How People Make Sense of Behaviour. In: Derek C, editor. Theories in social psychology. Hoboken: Wiley-Blackwell.
6. Moan IS (2013). Whether or not to ride with an intoxicated driver: Predicting intentions using an extended version of the theory of planned behaviour. Transport Res Part F: Traffic Psychol Behav, 20:193-205.
7. Moan IS, Rise J (2011). Predicting intentions not to "drink and drive" using an extended version of the theory of planned behaviour. Accid Anal Prev, 43(4):1378-84.
8. Castanier C, Deroche T, Woodman T (2013). Theory of planned behavior and road violations: The moderating influence of perceived behavioural control. Transport Res Part F: Traffic Psychol Behav, 18:148-58.
9. Coogan MA, Campbell M, Adler TJ, Forward S (2014). Examining behavioral and attitudinal differences among groups in their traffic safety culture. Transport Res Part F: Traffic Psychol Behav, 26(PB):303-16.
10. Nemme HE, White KM (2010). Texting while driving: Psychosocial influences on young people's texting intentions and behaviour. Accid Anal Prev, 42(4):1257-65.
11. Tabibi Z, Pfeffer K (2015). Predicting intentions to comply with traffic rules among Iranian drivers. Adv Transp Stud, 35:89-102.
12. Gauld CS, Lewis I, White KM (2014). Concealing their communication: Exploring psychosocial predictors of young drivers' intentions and engagement in concealed texting. Accid Anal Prev, 62:285-93.
13. Cristea M, Gheorghiu A (2016). Attitude, perceived behavioral control, and intention to adopt risky behaviors. Transport Res Part F: Traffic Psychol Behav, 43:157-65.
14. Desrichard O, Roche S, Begue L (2007). The theory of planned behavior as mediator of the effect of parental supervision: A study of intentions to violate driving rules in a representative sample of adolescents. J Saf Res, 38(4):447-52.
15. Eyssartier C, Meineri S, Gueguen N (2017). Motorcyclists’ intention to exceed the speed limit on a 90 km/h road: Effect of the type of motorcycles. Transport Res Part F: Traffic Psychol Behav, 45:183-93.
16. Cestac J, Paran F, Delhomme P (2011). Young drivers' sensation seeking, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral control and their roles in predicting speeding intention: How risk-taking motivations evolve with gender and driving experience. Saf Sci, 49(3):424-32.
17. Cestac J, Paran F, Delhomme P (2014). Drive as i say, not as i drive: Influence of injunctive and descriptive norms on speeding intentions among young drivers. Transport Res Part F Traffic Psychol Behav, 23:44-56.
18. Delhomme P, Cristea M, Paran F (2014). Implementation of automatic speed enforcement: Covariation with young drivers' reported speeding behavior and motivations. Rev Eur Psychol Appl, 64(3):131-9.
19. Elliott MA, Armitage CJ, Baughan CJ (2007). Using the theory of planned behavior to predict observed driving behaviour. Br J Soc Psychol, 46(Pt 1):69-90.
20. Elliott MA, Thomson JA (2010). The social cognitive determinants of offending drivers' speeding behaviour. Accid Anal Prev, 42(6):1595-605.
21. Poulter DR, Chapman P, Bibby PA et al (2008). An application of the theory of planned behavior to truck driving behavior and compliance with regulations. Accid Anal Prev, 40(6):2058-64.
22. Rivis A, Abraham C, Snook S (2011). Understanding young and older male drivers' willingness to drive while intoxicated: The predictive utility of constructs specified by the theory of planned behavior and the prototype willingness model. Br J Health Psychol, 16(Pt 2):445-56.
23. Rowe R, Andrews E, Harris PR et al (2016). Identifying beliefs underlying pre-drivers' intentions to take risks: An application of the Theory of Planned Behaviour. Accid Anal Prev, 89:49-56.
24. Åberg L, Wallén Warner H (2008). Speeding-deliberate violation or involuntary mistake? Rev Eur Psychol Appl, 58(1):23-30.
25. Forward SE (2009). The theory of planned behaviour: The role of descriptive norms and past behavior in the prediction of drivers' intentions to violate. Transport Res Part F Traffic Psychol Behav, 12(3):198-207.
26. Warner HW, Åberg L (2006). Drivers' decision to speed: A study inspired by the theory of planned behavior. Transport Res Part F Traffic Psychol Behav, 9(6):427-33.
27. Chen CF, Chen CW (2011). Speeding for fun? Exploring the speeding behavior of riders of heavy motorcycles using the theory of planned behavior and psychological flow theory. Accid Anal Prev, 43(3):983-90.
28. Tseng CM, Chang HL, Woo TH (2013). Modeling motivation and habit in driving behavior under lifetime driver's license revocation. Accid Anal Prev, 51:260-7.
29. Ambak K, Ismail R, Abdullah RA, Borhan MN (2010). Prediction of helmet use among Malaysian motorcyclist using structural equation modeling. Aust J Basic Appl Sci, 4(10):5263-70.
30. Prat F, Gras ME, Planes M et al (2015). Psychological predictors of texting while driving among university students. Transport Res Pt F-Traffic Psychol Behav, 34:76-85.
31. Özkan T, Lajunen T, Dogruyol B, Yildirim Z, Çoymak A (2012). Motorcycle accidents, rider behaviour, and psychological models. Accid Anal Prev, 49:124-32.
32. Mawanga FF, Ntayi JM (2010). Social norms and compliance with road traffic rules in urban areas: Initial impressions of drivers in Kampala, Uganda. J Transp Supply Chain Manag, 4(1):138-50
33. Elliott MA (2010). Predicting motorcyclists’ intentions to speed: Effects of selected cognitions from the theory of planned behaviour, self-identity and social identity. Accid Anal Prev, 42(2):718-725.
2. Haghi A, Ketabi D, Ghanbari G, Rajabi H (2014). Assessment of Human Errors in Driving Accident; Analysis of the Causes Based on Aberrant Behaviors. Life Sci J, 11(9):414-20.
3. Wishart D, Somoray K, Rowland B (2017). Role of thrill and adventure seeking in risky work-related driving behaviours. Pers Individ Differ, 104:362-7.
4. Fruhen LS, Flin R (2015). Car driver attitudes, perceptions of social norms and aggressive driving behavior towards cyclists. Accid Anal Prev, 83:162-70.
5. Malle BF (2011). Attribution Theories: How People Make Sense of Behaviour. In: Derek C, editor. Theories in social psychology. Hoboken: Wiley-Blackwell.
6. Moan IS (2013). Whether or not to ride with an intoxicated driver: Predicting intentions using an extended version of the theory of planned behaviour. Transport Res Part F: Traffic Psychol Behav, 20:193-205.
7. Moan IS, Rise J (2011). Predicting intentions not to "drink and drive" using an extended version of the theory of planned behaviour. Accid Anal Prev, 43(4):1378-84.
8. Castanier C, Deroche T, Woodman T (2013). Theory of planned behavior and road violations: The moderating influence of perceived behavioural control. Transport Res Part F: Traffic Psychol Behav, 18:148-58.
9. Coogan MA, Campbell M, Adler TJ, Forward S (2014). Examining behavioral and attitudinal differences among groups in their traffic safety culture. Transport Res Part F: Traffic Psychol Behav, 26(PB):303-16.
10. Nemme HE, White KM (2010). Texting while driving: Psychosocial influences on young people's texting intentions and behaviour. Accid Anal Prev, 42(4):1257-65.
11. Tabibi Z, Pfeffer K (2015). Predicting intentions to comply with traffic rules among Iranian drivers. Adv Transp Stud, 35:89-102.
12. Gauld CS, Lewis I, White KM (2014). Concealing their communication: Exploring psychosocial predictors of young drivers' intentions and engagement in concealed texting. Accid Anal Prev, 62:285-93.
13. Cristea M, Gheorghiu A (2016). Attitude, perceived behavioral control, and intention to adopt risky behaviors. Transport Res Part F: Traffic Psychol Behav, 43:157-65.
14. Desrichard O, Roche S, Begue L (2007). The theory of planned behavior as mediator of the effect of parental supervision: A study of intentions to violate driving rules in a representative sample of adolescents. J Saf Res, 38(4):447-52.
15. Eyssartier C, Meineri S, Gueguen N (2017). Motorcyclists’ intention to exceed the speed limit on a 90 km/h road: Effect of the type of motorcycles. Transport Res Part F: Traffic Psychol Behav, 45:183-93.
16. Cestac J, Paran F, Delhomme P (2011). Young drivers' sensation seeking, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral control and their roles in predicting speeding intention: How risk-taking motivations evolve with gender and driving experience. Saf Sci, 49(3):424-32.
17. Cestac J, Paran F, Delhomme P (2014). Drive as i say, not as i drive: Influence of injunctive and descriptive norms on speeding intentions among young drivers. Transport Res Part F Traffic Psychol Behav, 23:44-56.
18. Delhomme P, Cristea M, Paran F (2014). Implementation of automatic speed enforcement: Covariation with young drivers' reported speeding behavior and motivations. Rev Eur Psychol Appl, 64(3):131-9.
19. Elliott MA, Armitage CJ, Baughan CJ (2007). Using the theory of planned behavior to predict observed driving behaviour. Br J Soc Psychol, 46(Pt 1):69-90.
20. Elliott MA, Thomson JA (2010). The social cognitive determinants of offending drivers' speeding behaviour. Accid Anal Prev, 42(6):1595-605.
21. Poulter DR, Chapman P, Bibby PA et al (2008). An application of the theory of planned behavior to truck driving behavior and compliance with regulations. Accid Anal Prev, 40(6):2058-64.
22. Rivis A, Abraham C, Snook S (2011). Understanding young and older male drivers' willingness to drive while intoxicated: The predictive utility of constructs specified by the theory of planned behavior and the prototype willingness model. Br J Health Psychol, 16(Pt 2):445-56.
23. Rowe R, Andrews E, Harris PR et al (2016). Identifying beliefs underlying pre-drivers' intentions to take risks: An application of the Theory of Planned Behaviour. Accid Anal Prev, 89:49-56.
24. Åberg L, Wallén Warner H (2008). Speeding-deliberate violation or involuntary mistake? Rev Eur Psychol Appl, 58(1):23-30.
25. Forward SE (2009). The theory of planned behaviour: The role of descriptive norms and past behavior in the prediction of drivers' intentions to violate. Transport Res Part F Traffic Psychol Behav, 12(3):198-207.
26. Warner HW, Åberg L (2006). Drivers' decision to speed: A study inspired by the theory of planned behavior. Transport Res Part F Traffic Psychol Behav, 9(6):427-33.
27. Chen CF, Chen CW (2011). Speeding for fun? Exploring the speeding behavior of riders of heavy motorcycles using the theory of planned behavior and psychological flow theory. Accid Anal Prev, 43(3):983-90.
28. Tseng CM, Chang HL, Woo TH (2013). Modeling motivation and habit in driving behavior under lifetime driver's license revocation. Accid Anal Prev, 51:260-7.
29. Ambak K, Ismail R, Abdullah RA, Borhan MN (2010). Prediction of helmet use among Malaysian motorcyclist using structural equation modeling. Aust J Basic Appl Sci, 4(10):5263-70.
30. Prat F, Gras ME, Planes M et al (2015). Psychological predictors of texting while driving among university students. Transport Res Pt F-Traffic Psychol Behav, 34:76-85.
31. Özkan T, Lajunen T, Dogruyol B, Yildirim Z, Çoymak A (2012). Motorcycle accidents, rider behaviour, and psychological models. Accid Anal Prev, 49:124-32.
32. Mawanga FF, Ntayi JM (2010). Social norms and compliance with road traffic rules in urban areas: Initial impressions of drivers in Kampala, Uganda. J Transp Supply Chain Manag, 4(1):138-50
33. Elliott MA (2010). Predicting motorcyclists’ intentions to speed: Effects of selected cognitions from the theory of planned behaviour, self-identity and social identity. Accid Anal Prev, 42(2):718-725.
| Files | ||
| Issue | Vol 49 No 2 (2020) | |
| Section | Review Article(s) | |
| DOI | https://doi.org/10.18502/ijph.v49i2.3082 | |
| Keywords | ||
| Subjective norm; Moral norm; Group norm; Injunctive norm; Descriptive norm | ||
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This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License. |
How to Cite
1.
HARITH SH, MAHMUD N. The Relationship between Norms and Risky Driving Behavior: A Systematic Review. Iran J Public Health. 2020;49(2):211-220.
