SCCmec Genotypes of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus in Nasal Carriage of Multiple Sclerosis Patients in Iran
-
Yasaman JAMSHIDI
,
Mohammad Reza POURMAND
,
Zahra PAKBAZ
,
Amirhossein POURMAND
,
Abbas RAHIMI FOROUSHANI
,
Mohammad Ali SAHRAIAN
Abstract
Background: Asymptomatic nasal colonization of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus is common in Multiple Sclerosis patients. SCCmec types I to III are mainly attributed to HA-MRSA strains whereas SCCmec types IV and V have commonly been reported in CA-MRSA infections. Here, we assessed the frequency of nasal carriage of MRSA in MS patients. This study aimed to evaluate MRSA SCCmec typing in MS nasal carriage.
Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted from Feb and Jun 2017 in MS Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Iran. Overall, 620 nasal swabs were collected (325 from MS patients and 295 from control group). Antimicrobial susceptibility test was performed using the disk diffusion and E-test method. Presence of mecA gene was confirmed by PCR assay and multiplex PCR was performed for SCCmec typing of MRSA isolates.
Results: The frequency of MRSA among the MS patients and control group was almost equal (9.2% and 10.1%, respectively). SCCmec typing detected only types III, IV and V in both groups and type IV was the most predominant type in MS patients and control group. SCCmec type III was more prevalent in control group than MS patients (40% vs. 20%). Moreover, the frequency of SCCmec type V in MS patients was significantly higher than control group (36.7% vs. 3.3%).
Conclusion: Although most MRSA isolates were collected from inpatients, interestingly there is a high frequency of SCCmec types IV and V in MS group. Moreover, MRSA isolates were not resistant to more antibiotics in SCCmec type III than types IV-V.
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7. Aqel AA, Alzoubi HM, Vickers A et al (2015). Molecular epidemiology of nasal isolates of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus from Jordan. J Infect Public Health, 8(1):90-7.
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10. Ma XX, Sun DD, Wang S et al (2011). Nasal carriage of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus among preclinical medical students: epidemiologic and molecular characteristics of methicillin-resistant S. aureus clones. Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis, 70(1):22-30.
11. Shady HMA, Bakr AEA, Hashad ME, Alzohairy MA (2015). Staphylococcus aureus nasal carriage among outpatients attending primary health care centers: a comparative study of two cities in Saudi Arabia and Egypt. Braz J Infect Dis, 19(1):68-76.
12. Kehl SD. An analysis of predictors of Staphylococcus aureus among patients with autoimmune diseases in north Texas. Texas Woman's University; 2010.
13. Mitsumoto-Kaseida F, Murata M, Toyoda K et al (2017). Clinical and pathogenic features of SCCmec type II and IV methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in Japan. J Infect Chemother, 23(2):90-5.
14. Darban-Sarokhalil D, Khoramrooz SS, Marashifard M et al (2016). Molecular characterization of Staphylococcus aureus isolates from southwest of Iran using spa and SCCmec typing methods. Microb Pathog, 98:88-92.
15. Goudarzi M, Seyedjavadi SS, Nasiri MJ et al (2017). Molecular characteristics of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) strains isolated from patients with bacteremia based on MLST, SCCmec, spa, and agr locus types analysis. Microb Pathog, 104:328-35.
16. Moghadam SO, Yaghooti MM, Pourramezan N, Pourmand MR (2017). Molecular characterization and antimicrobial susceptibility of the CA-MRSA isolated from healthcare workers, Tehran, Iran. Microb Pathog, 107:409-12.
17. Qin Y, Wen F, Zheng Y et al (2017). Antimicrobial resistance and molecular characteristics of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolates from child patients of high-risk wards in Shenzhen, China. Jpn J Infect Dis, 70(5):479-84.
18. Ito T, Kuwahara-Arai K, Katayama Y et al (2014). Staphylococcal Cassette Chromosome mec (SCC mec) analysis of MRSA. Methods Mol Biol, 131-48.
19. Waxman SG (2000). Multiple sclerosis as a neuronal disease. Arch Neurol, 57(1):22-4.
20. Melek IM, Duran N, Duman T, Okuyucu E (2011). The frequency of slime, adhesin and methicillin resistance genes among staphylococci isolated from nasal samples of multiple sclerosis patients. Afr J Microbiol Res, 5(30):5453-60.
21. Pakbaz Z, Sahraian MA, Sabzi S et al (2017). Prevalence of sea, seb, sec, sed, and tsst-1 genes of Staphylococcus aureus in nasal carriage and their association with multiple sclerosis. Germs, 7(4):171.
22. Askari E, Soleymani F, Arianpoor A et al (2012). Epidemiology of mecA-methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in Iran: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Iran J Basic Med Sci, 15(5):1010.
23. Davies TA, Shang W, Amsler KM et al (2009). Molecular characterisation of meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolates from two ceftobiprole Phase 3 complicated skin and skin-structure infection clinical trials. Int J Antimicrob Agents, 34(2):166-8.
24. Maree CL, Daum RS, Boyle-Vavra S et al (2007). Community-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolates and healthcare-associated infections. Emerg Infect Dis, 13(2):236.
25. Cookson BD, Robinson DA, Monk AB et al (2007). Evaluation of molecular typing methods in characterizing a European collection of epidemic methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus strains: the HARMONY collection. J Clin Microbiol, 45(6):1830-7.
26. D'agata EM, Webb GF, Horn MA et al (2009). Modeling the invasion of community-acquired methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus into hospitals. Clin Infect Dis, 48(3):274-84.
27. Harbarth S, Martin Y, Rohner P, et al (2000). Effect of delayed infection control measures on a hospital outbreak of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. J Hosp Infect, 46(1):43-9.
28. Strandén A, Frei R, Adler H, Flückiger U, Widmer A (2009). Emergence of SCCmec type IV as the most common type of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in a university hospital. Infection, 37(1):44.
29. Mohammadi S, Sekawi Z, Monjezi A et al (2014). Emergence of SCCmec type III with variable antimicrobial resistance profiles and spa types among methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolated from healthcare-and community-acquired infections in the west of Iran. Int J Infect Dis, 25:152-8.
30. Japoni A, Jamalidoust M, Farshad S et al (2011). Characterization of SCCmec types and antibacterial susceptibility patterns of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in Southern Iran. Jpn J Infect Dis, 64(1):28-33.
2. Yao G, Wang P, Luo X-D et al (2016). Meta-analysis of association between Helicobacter pylori infection and multiple sclerosis. Neurosci Lett, 620:1-7.
3. Grigoriadis N, Pesch V (2015). A basic overview of multiple sclerosis immunopathology. Eur J Neurol, 22(S2):3-13.
4. Sheik-Ali S (2017). Infectious mononucleosis and Multiple sclerosis-Updated review on associated risk. Mult Scler Relat Disord, 14;56-9.
5. Vieira MA, Minamisava R, Pessoa-Júnior V et al (2014). Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus nasal carriage in neonates and children attending a pediatric outpatient clinics in Brazil. Braz J Infect Dis, 18(1):42-7.
6. Pourmand MR, Yousefi M, Salami SA, Amini ME (2014). Evaluation of expression of NorA efflux pump in ciprofloxacin resistant Staphylococcus aureus against hexahydroquinoline derivative by real-time PCR. Acta Med Iran, 52(6):424-9.
7. Aqel AA, Alzoubi HM, Vickers A et al (2015). Molecular epidemiology of nasal isolates of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus from Jordan. J Infect Public Health, 8(1):90-7.
8. El-baz R, Rizk DE, Barwa R, Hassan R (2017). Virulence characteristics and molecular relatedness of methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus harboring different staphylococcal cassette chromosome mec. Microb Pathog, 113:385-95.
9. Tejiram S, Johnson LS, Mete M et al (2017). Screening nasal swabs for methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus: A regional burn center’s experience. Burns, 43(4):771-9.
10. Ma XX, Sun DD, Wang S et al (2011). Nasal carriage of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus among preclinical medical students: epidemiologic and molecular characteristics of methicillin-resistant S. aureus clones. Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis, 70(1):22-30.
11. Shady HMA, Bakr AEA, Hashad ME, Alzohairy MA (2015). Staphylococcus aureus nasal carriage among outpatients attending primary health care centers: a comparative study of two cities in Saudi Arabia and Egypt. Braz J Infect Dis, 19(1):68-76.
12. Kehl SD. An analysis of predictors of Staphylococcus aureus among patients with autoimmune diseases in north Texas. Texas Woman's University; 2010.
13. Mitsumoto-Kaseida F, Murata M, Toyoda K et al (2017). Clinical and pathogenic features of SCCmec type II and IV methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in Japan. J Infect Chemother, 23(2):90-5.
14. Darban-Sarokhalil D, Khoramrooz SS, Marashifard M et al (2016). Molecular characterization of Staphylococcus aureus isolates from southwest of Iran using spa and SCCmec typing methods. Microb Pathog, 98:88-92.
15. Goudarzi M, Seyedjavadi SS, Nasiri MJ et al (2017). Molecular characteristics of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) strains isolated from patients with bacteremia based on MLST, SCCmec, spa, and agr locus types analysis. Microb Pathog, 104:328-35.
16. Moghadam SO, Yaghooti MM, Pourramezan N, Pourmand MR (2017). Molecular characterization and antimicrobial susceptibility of the CA-MRSA isolated from healthcare workers, Tehran, Iran. Microb Pathog, 107:409-12.
17. Qin Y, Wen F, Zheng Y et al (2017). Antimicrobial resistance and molecular characteristics of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolates from child patients of high-risk wards in Shenzhen, China. Jpn J Infect Dis, 70(5):479-84.
18. Ito T, Kuwahara-Arai K, Katayama Y et al (2014). Staphylococcal Cassette Chromosome mec (SCC mec) analysis of MRSA. Methods Mol Biol, 131-48.
19. Waxman SG (2000). Multiple sclerosis as a neuronal disease. Arch Neurol, 57(1):22-4.
20. Melek IM, Duran N, Duman T, Okuyucu E (2011). The frequency of slime, adhesin and methicillin resistance genes among staphylococci isolated from nasal samples of multiple sclerosis patients. Afr J Microbiol Res, 5(30):5453-60.
21. Pakbaz Z, Sahraian MA, Sabzi S et al (2017). Prevalence of sea, seb, sec, sed, and tsst-1 genes of Staphylococcus aureus in nasal carriage and their association with multiple sclerosis. Germs, 7(4):171.
22. Askari E, Soleymani F, Arianpoor A et al (2012). Epidemiology of mecA-methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in Iran: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Iran J Basic Med Sci, 15(5):1010.
23. Davies TA, Shang W, Amsler KM et al (2009). Molecular characterisation of meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolates from two ceftobiprole Phase 3 complicated skin and skin-structure infection clinical trials. Int J Antimicrob Agents, 34(2):166-8.
24. Maree CL, Daum RS, Boyle-Vavra S et al (2007). Community-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolates and healthcare-associated infections. Emerg Infect Dis, 13(2):236.
25. Cookson BD, Robinson DA, Monk AB et al (2007). Evaluation of molecular typing methods in characterizing a European collection of epidemic methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus strains: the HARMONY collection. J Clin Microbiol, 45(6):1830-7.
26. D'agata EM, Webb GF, Horn MA et al (2009). Modeling the invasion of community-acquired methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus into hospitals. Clin Infect Dis, 48(3):274-84.
27. Harbarth S, Martin Y, Rohner P, et al (2000). Effect of delayed infection control measures on a hospital outbreak of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. J Hosp Infect, 46(1):43-9.
28. Strandén A, Frei R, Adler H, Flückiger U, Widmer A (2009). Emergence of SCCmec type IV as the most common type of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in a university hospital. Infection, 37(1):44.
29. Mohammadi S, Sekawi Z, Monjezi A et al (2014). Emergence of SCCmec type III with variable antimicrobial resistance profiles and spa types among methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolated from healthcare-and community-acquired infections in the west of Iran. Int J Infect Dis, 25:152-8.
30. Japoni A, Jamalidoust M, Farshad S et al (2011). Characterization of SCCmec types and antibacterial susceptibility patterns of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in Southern Iran. Jpn J Infect Dis, 64(1):28-33.
| Files | ||
| Issue | Vol 48 No 12 (2019) | |
| Section | Original Article(s) | |
| DOI | https://doi.org/10.18502/ijph.v48i12.3560 | |
| Keywords | ||
| Multiple sclerosis Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus SCCmec typing | ||
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How to Cite
1.
JAMSHIDI Y, POURMAND MR, PAKBAZ Z, POURMAND A, RAHIMI FOROUSHANI A, SAHRAIAN MA. SCCmec Genotypes of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus in Nasal Carriage of Multiple Sclerosis Patients in Iran. Iran J Public Health. 2019;48(12):2270-2276.
