Citrobacter freundii Foodborne Disease Outbreaks Related to Environmental Conditions in Yazd Province, Iran
-
Farzaneh AMINHARATI
,
Mohammad Hassan EHRAMPOUSH
,
Mohammad Mehdi SOLTAN DALLAL
,
Mehdi YASERI
,
Abbas Ali DEHGHANI TAFTI
,
Zahra RAJABI
Abstract
Background: The aim of this study was to assess associations of Citrobacter freundii foodborne outbreaks with environmental factors in various regions of Yazd Province, Iran, 2012–2016.
Methods: The public health surveillance data were used for one period of five years reported foodborne disease outbreaks in various regions of the Province. Multilevel regression statistical method was used to analyze associations of climatic and demographic variables with outbreaks. Significant associations were tested using likelihood ratio tests.
Results: Results showed a significant association between C. freundii outbreaks and air dust conditions, age groups and various regional cities.
Conclusion: The current study revealed necessity of etiologic agent identification for use in foodborne disease outbreak guidance in future outbreaks. Systemic surveillance schemes can help prevent and control similar scenarios using reports of environmental effects on foodborne disease outbreaks.
1. Plant A (2008). Foodborne disease outbreaks: guidelines for investigation and control. World Health Organ. 20 Avenue Appia, 1211 Geneva 27, Switzerland.
2. Murray PR (2010). Topley and Wilson's Microbiology and Microbial Infections: Citrobacter, Enterobacter, Klebsiella, Plesiomonas, Serratia, and other members of the enterobacteriaceae. 11 th ed. London: Hodder. Arnold.
3. Tschape H, Prager R, Streckel W et al (1995). Verotoxinogenic Citrobacter freundii associated with severe gastroenteritis and cases of haemolytic uraemic syndrome in a nursery school: green butter as the infection source. Epidemiol Infect, 114(3): 441-50.
4. Bai L, Xia S, Lan R et al (2012). Isolation and characterization of cytotoxic, aggregative Citrobacter freundii. PLoS One, 7(3):e33054.
5. Griggs DJ, Noguer M. Climate change (2001). The scientific basis Contribution of working group I to the third assessment report of the intergovernmental panel on climate change. IPPC Weather, 57(8): 267-69.
6. Curriero FC, Patz JA, Rose JB, Lele S (2001). The association between extreme precipitation and waterborne disease outbreaks in the United States, 1948–1994. Am J Public Health,91(8): 1194-99.
7. Foltz GR, McPhaden MJ (2008). Impact of Saharan dust on tropical North Atlantic SST. J Clim, 21(19): 5048-60.
8. Bovallius A, Bucht B, Roffey R, Anas P (1978). Three-year investigation of the natural airborne bacterial flora at four localities in sweden. Appl Environ Microbiol, 35(5): 847-52.
9. Rosselli R, Fiamma M, Deligios M et al (2015). Microbial immigration across the Mediterranean via airborne dust. Sci Rep, 5:16306.
10. Rose JB, Epstein PR, Lipp EK et al (2001). Climate variability and change in the United States: potential impacts on water-and foodborne diseases caused by microbiologic agents. Environ Health Perspect, 2:211-21.
11. Mathusa EC, Chen Y, Enache E, Hontz L (2010). Non-O157 Shiga toxin–producing Escherichia coli in foods. J Food Prot, 73(9): 1721-36.
12. Paul R (2005). Climate change and human health: risks and responses. Bull World Health Organ;83(5)396-379.
13. Younus M, Wilkins MJ, Arshad MM et al (2006). Demographic risk factors and incidence of Salmonella enteritidis infection in Michigan. Foodborne Pathog Dis, 3(3): 266-73.
14. Vandepitte J (2003). Basic laboratory procedures in clinical bacteriology. 2 nd ed. World Health Organ. 20 Avenue Appia, 1211 Geneva 27, Switzerland.
15. De Padua SB, Marques DP, Sebastiao FA et al (2014). Isolation, characterization and pathology of Citrobacter freundii infection in native Brazilian catfish Pseudoplatystoma. Braz J Vet Pathol, 7(3): 151-57.
16. Nayar N, Shukla I, Sultan A (2014). Epidemiology, prevalence and identification of Citrobacter species in clinical specimens in a tertiary care hospital in India. Int J Sci Res Pub, 4(4): 1-6.
17. Schmidt H, Montag M, Bockemühl J et al (1993). Shiga-like toxin II-related cytotoxins in Citrobacter freundii strains from humans and beef samples. Infect Immun,61(2): 534-43.
18. Jans B, Schoevaerdts D, Huang TD et al (2013). Epidemiology of multidrug-resistant microorganisms among nursing home residents in Belgium. PLoS One, 8(5): e64908.
19. Nazer A, Dadras H, Eskandari S (2006). Aerobic bacteria isolated from eggs and day-old chicks and their antibacterial resistance in Shiraz, Iran. Iran J Vet Res, 7(2): 20-30.
20. Shariatpanahi M, Anderson A (1987). Bacterial survey of well water—Tehran, Iran. Environ Res, 43(2): 285-89.
21. Tajeddin E, Alebouyeh M, Mansouri N, Zali M R (2014). Invetigation of Shiga Toxin producing Escherichia coli and Citrobacter spp. in intestinal disorders of patients in three separate foodborne outbreaks in Tehran, Iran. Iran J Public Health, 43(2): 207.
22. Guarino A, Capano G, Malamisura B et al (1987). Production of Escherichia coli STa-like heat-stable enterotoxin by Citrobacter freundii isolated from humans. J Clin Microbiol, 25(1): 110-4.
23. Steele M, Odumeru J (2004). Irrigation water as source of foodborne pathogens on fruit and vegetables. J Food Prot, 67(12): 2839-49.
24. Azizullah A, Khattak MNK, Richter P, Hader D-P (2011). Water pollution in Pakistan and its impact on public health- a review. Environ Interna, 37(2): 479-97.
25. Downs TJ, Cifuentes-Garcia E, Suffet IM (1999). Risk screening for exposure to groundwater pollution in a wastewater irrigation district of the Mexico City region. Environ Health Perspect,107(7): 553-561.
26. Thurm V, Gericke B (1994). Identification of infant food as a vehicle in a nosocomial outbreak of Citrobacter freundii: epidemiological subtyping by allozyme, whole‐cell protein and antibiotic resistance. J Appl Microbiol, 76(6): 553-58.
27. Mardaneh J, Soltan Dallal MM (2016). Isola-tion and identification Enterobacter asburiae from consumed powdered infant formu-la milk (PIF) in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU). Acta Med Iran, 54(1): 39-43.
28. Mardaneh J, Soltan-Dallal MM (2014). Isola-tion and identification of E. cowanii from powdered infant formula in NICU and determination of antimicrobial suscepti-bility of isolates. Iran J Pediatr, 24(3): 261-6.
29. Mardaneh J, Soltan Dallal MM, Taheripoor M, Rajabi Z (2014). Isolation, identifica-tion and antimicrobial susceptibility pat-tern of Tatumella ptyseos strains isolated from powdered infant formula milk con-sumed in neonatal intensive care unit: First report from Iran. Jundishapur J Micro-biol, 7(6): e10608.
2. Murray PR (2010). Topley and Wilson's Microbiology and Microbial Infections: Citrobacter, Enterobacter, Klebsiella, Plesiomonas, Serratia, and other members of the enterobacteriaceae. 11 th ed. London: Hodder. Arnold.
3. Tschape H, Prager R, Streckel W et al (1995). Verotoxinogenic Citrobacter freundii associated with severe gastroenteritis and cases of haemolytic uraemic syndrome in a nursery school: green butter as the infection source. Epidemiol Infect, 114(3): 441-50.
4. Bai L, Xia S, Lan R et al (2012). Isolation and characterization of cytotoxic, aggregative Citrobacter freundii. PLoS One, 7(3):e33054.
5. Griggs DJ, Noguer M. Climate change (2001). The scientific basis Contribution of working group I to the third assessment report of the intergovernmental panel on climate change. IPPC Weather, 57(8): 267-69.
6. Curriero FC, Patz JA, Rose JB, Lele S (2001). The association between extreme precipitation and waterborne disease outbreaks in the United States, 1948–1994. Am J Public Health,91(8): 1194-99.
7. Foltz GR, McPhaden MJ (2008). Impact of Saharan dust on tropical North Atlantic SST. J Clim, 21(19): 5048-60.
8. Bovallius A, Bucht B, Roffey R, Anas P (1978). Three-year investigation of the natural airborne bacterial flora at four localities in sweden. Appl Environ Microbiol, 35(5): 847-52.
9. Rosselli R, Fiamma M, Deligios M et al (2015). Microbial immigration across the Mediterranean via airborne dust. Sci Rep, 5:16306.
10. Rose JB, Epstein PR, Lipp EK et al (2001). Climate variability and change in the United States: potential impacts on water-and foodborne diseases caused by microbiologic agents. Environ Health Perspect, 2:211-21.
11. Mathusa EC, Chen Y, Enache E, Hontz L (2010). Non-O157 Shiga toxin–producing Escherichia coli in foods. J Food Prot, 73(9): 1721-36.
12. Paul R (2005). Climate change and human health: risks and responses. Bull World Health Organ;83(5)396-379.
13. Younus M, Wilkins MJ, Arshad MM et al (2006). Demographic risk factors and incidence of Salmonella enteritidis infection in Michigan. Foodborne Pathog Dis, 3(3): 266-73.
14. Vandepitte J (2003). Basic laboratory procedures in clinical bacteriology. 2 nd ed. World Health Organ. 20 Avenue Appia, 1211 Geneva 27, Switzerland.
15. De Padua SB, Marques DP, Sebastiao FA et al (2014). Isolation, characterization and pathology of Citrobacter freundii infection in native Brazilian catfish Pseudoplatystoma. Braz J Vet Pathol, 7(3): 151-57.
16. Nayar N, Shukla I, Sultan A (2014). Epidemiology, prevalence and identification of Citrobacter species in clinical specimens in a tertiary care hospital in India. Int J Sci Res Pub, 4(4): 1-6.
17. Schmidt H, Montag M, Bockemühl J et al (1993). Shiga-like toxin II-related cytotoxins in Citrobacter freundii strains from humans and beef samples. Infect Immun,61(2): 534-43.
18. Jans B, Schoevaerdts D, Huang TD et al (2013). Epidemiology of multidrug-resistant microorganisms among nursing home residents in Belgium. PLoS One, 8(5): e64908.
19. Nazer A, Dadras H, Eskandari S (2006). Aerobic bacteria isolated from eggs and day-old chicks and their antibacterial resistance in Shiraz, Iran. Iran J Vet Res, 7(2): 20-30.
20. Shariatpanahi M, Anderson A (1987). Bacterial survey of well water—Tehran, Iran. Environ Res, 43(2): 285-89.
21. Tajeddin E, Alebouyeh M, Mansouri N, Zali M R (2014). Invetigation of Shiga Toxin producing Escherichia coli and Citrobacter spp. in intestinal disorders of patients in three separate foodborne outbreaks in Tehran, Iran. Iran J Public Health, 43(2): 207.
22. Guarino A, Capano G, Malamisura B et al (1987). Production of Escherichia coli STa-like heat-stable enterotoxin by Citrobacter freundii isolated from humans. J Clin Microbiol, 25(1): 110-4.
23. Steele M, Odumeru J (2004). Irrigation water as source of foodborne pathogens on fruit and vegetables. J Food Prot, 67(12): 2839-49.
24. Azizullah A, Khattak MNK, Richter P, Hader D-P (2011). Water pollution in Pakistan and its impact on public health- a review. Environ Interna, 37(2): 479-97.
25. Downs TJ, Cifuentes-Garcia E, Suffet IM (1999). Risk screening for exposure to groundwater pollution in a wastewater irrigation district of the Mexico City region. Environ Health Perspect,107(7): 553-561.
26. Thurm V, Gericke B (1994). Identification of infant food as a vehicle in a nosocomial outbreak of Citrobacter freundii: epidemiological subtyping by allozyme, whole‐cell protein and antibiotic resistance. J Appl Microbiol, 76(6): 553-58.
27. Mardaneh J, Soltan Dallal MM (2016). Isola-tion and identification Enterobacter asburiae from consumed powdered infant formu-la milk (PIF) in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU). Acta Med Iran, 54(1): 39-43.
28. Mardaneh J, Soltan-Dallal MM (2014). Isola-tion and identification of E. cowanii from powdered infant formula in NICU and determination of antimicrobial suscepti-bility of isolates. Iran J Pediatr, 24(3): 261-6.
29. Mardaneh J, Soltan Dallal MM, Taheripoor M, Rajabi Z (2014). Isolation, identifica-tion and antimicrobial susceptibility pat-tern of Tatumella ptyseos strains isolated from powdered infant formula milk con-sumed in neonatal intensive care unit: First report from Iran. Jundishapur J Micro-biol, 7(6): e10608.
| Files | ||
| Issue | Vol 48 No 6 (2019) | |
| Section | Original Article(s) | |
| DOI | https://doi.org/10.18502/ijph.v48i6.2919 | |
| Keywords | ||
| Climate Citrobacter freundii Environment Foodborne disease Outbreak Iran | ||
| Rights and permissions | |
|
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License. |
How to Cite
1.
AMINHARATI F, EHRAMPOUSH MH, SOLTAN DALLAL M M, YASERI M, DEHGHANI TAFTI AA, RAJABI Z. Citrobacter freundii Foodborne Disease Outbreaks Related to Environmental Conditions in Yazd Province, Iran. Iran J Public Health. 2019;48(6):1099-1105.
