Assessing Health Threatening Problems among Nursing or Midwifery Students during the Clinical Education Course in Turkey
Abstract
Background: This study determined the occupational exposure and health problems experienced by nursing and midwifery students during their clinical internships.
Methods: The study population consisted of 1719 nursing and midwifery students studying at the health sciences faculties of six Turkish universities in 2016. Data were collected using a questionnaire prepared by researchers, namely Occupational Exposure and Health Problems in Clinical Environment Questionnaire, and the State-Trait Anxiety Scale. The data were analyzed using Mann Whitney U test, Kruskal Wallis variance analysis, and Spearman correlation analysis. Significance was accepted in a 95% confidence interval and a level of P<0.05.
Results: The students had a mean age of 20.86 yr (1.72), and 48.6% had midwifery and 51.4% had nursing major. More than 17.8% of the students were experienced occupational exposure during their clinical internships. Total score for students was 2.15 ±0.71. The scores of the students examined for exposure to hazards and verbal violence was 2.13 ± 1.17, for needle stick injury it was 2.10 ± 1.13. In addition, when the scores of the students' health problems were examined, insomnia 3.57 ± 1.22, low back pain 2.84 ± 1.29, shoulder or arm pain 2.68 ± 1.29 were determined statistically. There was a positive significant relationship between the mean clinical occupational hazardous exposure and health problems and state-trait anxiety scores (P<0.01).
Conclusion: Approximately one-fifth of the students were exposed to occupational hazardous at the hospital while they were on their clinical internship programs. Students rarely experience occupational exposure, but often suffer from insomnia, sometimes musculoskeletal pains (back, shoulder arm, neck), rarely have skin problems.
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3. Apay SE, Kanbur A, Ozdemir F, Pasinlioglu T (2012). Midwifery education in Turkey. Coll Antropol, 36(4):1453-6.
4. Council of Higer Education (2018). Number of students and teaching staff by educational institutions, 2017-2018.
5. Ironside PM, McNelis AM, Ebright P (2014). Clinical education in nursing: Rethinking learning in practice settings. Nurs Outlook, 62(3):185-91.
6. Antohe I, Riklikiene O, Tichelaar E, Saarikoski M (2016). Clinical education and training of student nurses in four moderately new European Union countries: Assessment of students' satisfaction with the learning environment. Nurse Educ Pract, 17:139-44.
7. World Health Organization (2009). Global standards for the initial education of professional nurses and midwives. Geneva, Switzerland: Department of Human Resources for Health, World Health Organization.
8. Dahlke S, O'Connor M, Hannesson T, Cheetham K (2016). Understanding clinical nursing education: An exploratory study. Nurse Educ Pract, 17:145-52.
9. Tanda R, Denham SA (2009). Clinical instruction and student outcomes. Teach Learn Nurs, 4(4):139-47.
10. Phelan A, R OC, Murphy M, McLoughlin G, Long O (2014). A contextual clinical assessment for student midwives in Ireland. Nurse Educ Today, 34(3):292-4.
11. Cebeci H (2013). Work-related accidents and employee safety in the hospitals: An application at karabuk city centre. Business And Management Studies: An International Journal, 1(1):62-82.
12. Ulutasdemir N, Cirpan M, Copur EO, Tanir F (2015). Occupational risks of health professionals in Turkey as an emerging economy. Ann Glob Health, 81(4):522-9.
13. The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH). Workplace Safety and Health Topics Healthcare Workers: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; 2017 https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/topics/healthcare/default.html
14. He B, Mendelsohn-Victor K, McCullagh MC, Friese CR (2017). Personal protective equipment use and hazardous drug spills among ambulatory oncology nurses. Oncol Nurs Forum, 44(1):60-5.
15. Silver SR, Steege AL, Boiano JM (2016). Predictors of adherence to safe handling practices for antineoplastic drugs: A survey of hospital nurses. J Occup Environ Hyg, 13(3):203-12.
16. Boiano JM, Steege AL (2016). Precautionary practices for administering anesthetic gases: A survey of physician anesthesiologists, nurse anesthetists and anesthesiologist assistants. J Occup Environ Hyg, 13(10):782-93.
17. Magnavita N, Heponiemi T (2011). Workplace violence against nursing students and nurses: an Italian experience. J Nurs Scholarsh, 43(2):203-10.
18. Unver V, Tastan S, Coskun H (2012). The frequency and causes of occupational injuries among nursing students in Turkey. Arch Environ Occup Health, 67(2):72-7.
19. Zhang X, Chen Y, Li Y, et al. (2018). Needlestick and sharps injuries among nursing students in Nanjing, China. Workplace Health Saf, 66(6):276-84.
20. Zhang X, Gu Y, Cui M, Stallones L, Xiang H (2015). Needlestick and sharps injuries among nurses at a teaching hospital in China. Workplace Health Saf, 63(5):219-25.
21. Hamnerius N, Svedman C, Bergendorff O et al (2018). Wet work exposure and hand eczema among healthcare workers: a cross-sectional study. Br J Dermatol, 178(2):452-61.
22. Bernal D, Campos-Serna J, Tobias A et al (2015). Work-related psychosocial risk factors and musculoskeletal disorders in hospital nurses and nursing aides: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Int J Nurs Stud, 52(2):635-48.
23. Cheung K (2010). The incidence of low back problems among nursing students in Hong Kong. J Clin Nurs, 19(15-16):2355-62.
24. Samulin Erdem J, Noto HO, Skare O, et al. (2017). Mechanisms of breast cancer risk in shift workers: association of telomere shortening with the duration and intensity of night work. Cancer Med, 6(8):1988-97.
25. Broadwater K, Brueck S (2017). Health hazard evaluation report: evaluation of a surgical staff's noise exposures during total knee replacement surgeries. Report No: Report No. 2014-0154-3275.
26. Xiong X, Li M, Jiang Y, Tong X, Peng Y (2017). Study of blood exposure-related mental health illness among clinical nurses. Front Med, 11(1):147-51.
27. Taşdelen S, Zaybak A (2013). The determination the level of stress of nursing students during their first clinical experience. Florence Nightingale Journal of Nursing, 21(2):101-6.
28. Yildirim N, Karaca A, Cangur S, Acikgoz F, Akkus D (2017). The relationship between educational stress, stress coping, self-esteem, social support, and health status among nursing students in Turkey: A structural equation modeling approach. Nurse Educ Today, 48:33-9.
29. Arabacı LB, Korhan EA, Tokem Y, Torun R (2015). Nursing students’ anxiety and stress levels and contributed factors before-during and after first clinical placement. Journal of Hacettepe University Faculty of Nursing, 2(1).
30. Cheung K, Chan CK, Chang MY, et al. (2015). Predictors for compliance of standard precautions among nursing students. Am J Infect Control, 43(7):729-34.
31. Hambridge K, Nichols A, Endacott R (2016). The impact of sharps injuries on student nurses: a systematic review. Br J Nurs, 25(19):1064-71.
32. Yang YH, Wu SJ, Wang CLet al (2013). Incidence of needlestick and other sharp object injuries in newly graduated nurses. Am J Infect Control, 41(10):944-5.
33. Yao WX, Yang B, Yao C, et al. (2010). Needlestick injuries among nursing students in China. Nurse Educ Today, 30(5):435-7.
34. Yao WX, Wu YL, Yang B, et al. (2013). Occupational safety training and education for needlestick injuries among nursing students in China: intervention study. Nurse Educ Today, 33(8):834-7.
35. Sarıçam H (2012) Faced nurses under the occupational health and safety risk and hazards on the effect of level of work stress. İzmir: Dokuz Eylül University.[Master Science]
36. Öner N, LeCompte WA (1998). Trait-State anxiety inventory: Handbook. Istanbul: Boğaziçi University Publishing.
37. Kaya H, Kaya N, Pallos AO, Kucuk L (2012). Assessing time-management skills in terms of age, gender, and anxiety levels: a study on nursing and midwifery students in Turkey. Nurse Educ Pract, 12(5):284-8.
38. Aydin Kartal Y, Yazici S (2017). The determination of anxiety and stress levels of midwifery students begining the first clinical experience and post-experience period. HSP, 4(3):190-5.
39. Kaya S, Bilgin Demir I, Karsavuran S, Urek D, Ilgun G (2016). Violence against doctors and nurses in hospitals in Turkey. J Forensic Nurs, 12(1):26-34.
40. Celik SS, Celik Y, Agirbas I, Ugurluoglu O (2007). Verbal and physical abuse against nurses in Turkey. Int Nurs Rev, 54(4):359-66.
41. Shapiro J, Boyle MJ, McKenna L (2018). Midwifery student reactions to workplace violence. Women Birth, 31(1):e67- e 71.
42. Pruss-Ustun A, Rapiti E, Hutin Y (2005). Estimation of the global burden of disease attributable to contaminated sharps injuries among health-care workers. Am J Ind Med, 48(6):482-90.
43. Cheung K, Ho SC, Ching SS, Chang KK (2010). Analysis of needlestick injuries among nursing students in Hong Kong. Accid Anal Prev, 42(6):1744-50.
44. Cheung K, Ching SS, Chang KK, Ho SC (2012). Prevalence of and risk factors for needlestick and sharps injuries among nursing students in Hong Kong. Am J Infect Control, 40(10):997-1001.
45. Büyük ET, Rizalar S, Yüksel P, Yüksel VT (2016). Students’ experiences on sharp object injuries and the effect of practice training on their levels of knowledge. Samsun Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi, 1(1):1-11.
46. Irmak Z, Baybuga MS (2011). Needlestick and sharps injuries among Turkish nursing students: A cross-sectional study. Int J Nurs Pract, 17(2):151-7.
47. Karadag M (2010). Occupational exposure to blood and body fluids among a group of Turkish nursing and midwifery students during clinical practise training: frequency of needlestick and sharps injuries. Jpn J Nurs Sci, 7(2):129-35.
48. Talas MS (2009). Occupational exposure to blood and body fluids among Turkish nursing students during clinical practice training: frequency of needlestick/sharp injuries and hepatitis B immunisation. J Clin Nurs, 18(10):1394-403.
49. Prasuna J, Sharma R, Bhatt A, et al. (2015). Occurrence and knowledge about needle stick injury in nursing students. J Ayub Med Coll Abbottabad, 27(2):430-3.
50. Smith DR, Leggat PA (2005). Needlestick and sharps injuries among nursing students. J Adv Nurs, 51(5):449-55.
51. Suliman M, Al Qadire M, Alazzam M et al (2018). Students nurses' knowledge and prevalence of Needle Stick Injury in Jordan. Nurse Educ Today, 60:23-7.
52. Angelone AM, Mattei A, Sbarbati M, Di Orio F (2011). Prevalence and correlates for self-reported sleep problems among nursing students. J Prev Med Hyg, 52(4):201-8.
53. Katrancha ED, Harshberger LA (2012). Nursing students with latex allergy. Nurse Educ Pract, 12(6):328-32.
54. Lamberti M, Buonanno R, Ritonnaro C, et al. (2015). Molecular profile of sensitization in subjects with short occupational exposure to latex. Int J Occup Med Environ Health, 28(5):841-8.
55. Lo R (2002). A longitudinal study of perceived level of stress, coping and self-esteem of undergraduate nursing students: an Australian case study. J Adv Nurs, 39(2):119-26.
56. Dahlen HG, Caplice S (2014). What do midwives fear? Women Birth, 27(4):266-70.
57. Banks P, Kane H, Rae C, Atkinson J (2012). Support for nursing and midwifery students: a special case? Nurse Educ Today, 32(3):309-14.
58. Taghinejad H, Suhrabi Z, Kikhavani S, Jaafarpour M, Azadi A (2014). Occupational mental health: a study of work-related mental health among clinical nurses. J Clin Diagn Res, 8(9):WC01-3.
59. Asad Zandi M, Sayari R, Ebadi A, Sanainasab H (2011). Abundance of depression, anxiety and stress in militant Nurses. Iranian Journal of Military Medicine, 13(2):103-8.
60. Zhang MX, Yu Y (2013). A study of the psychological impact of sharps injuries on health care workers in China. Am J Infect Control, 41(2):186-7.
61. Jeong JS, Son HM, Jeong IS, et al (2016). Qualitative content analysis of psychologic discomfort and coping process after needlestick injuries among health care workers. Am J Infect Control, 44(2):183-8.
62. Reis RK, Gir E, Canini SR (2004). Accidents with biological material among undergraduate nursing students in a public Brazilian University. Braz J Infect Dis, 8(1):18-24.
2. Yörük S (2016). Education of midwifery in world. J DU Health Sci Inst, 6(1):46-50.
3. Apay SE, Kanbur A, Ozdemir F, Pasinlioglu T (2012). Midwifery education in Turkey. Coll Antropol, 36(4):1453-6.
4. Council of Higer Education (2018). Number of students and teaching staff by educational institutions, 2017-2018.
5. Ironside PM, McNelis AM, Ebright P (2014). Clinical education in nursing: Rethinking learning in practice settings. Nurs Outlook, 62(3):185-91.
6. Antohe I, Riklikiene O, Tichelaar E, Saarikoski M (2016). Clinical education and training of student nurses in four moderately new European Union countries: Assessment of students' satisfaction with the learning environment. Nurse Educ Pract, 17:139-44.
7. World Health Organization (2009). Global standards for the initial education of professional nurses and midwives. Geneva, Switzerland: Department of Human Resources for Health, World Health Organization.
8. Dahlke S, O'Connor M, Hannesson T, Cheetham K (2016). Understanding clinical nursing education: An exploratory study. Nurse Educ Pract, 17:145-52.
9. Tanda R, Denham SA (2009). Clinical instruction and student outcomes. Teach Learn Nurs, 4(4):139-47.
10. Phelan A, R OC, Murphy M, McLoughlin G, Long O (2014). A contextual clinical assessment for student midwives in Ireland. Nurse Educ Today, 34(3):292-4.
11. Cebeci H (2013). Work-related accidents and employee safety in the hospitals: An application at karabuk city centre. Business And Management Studies: An International Journal, 1(1):62-82.
12. Ulutasdemir N, Cirpan M, Copur EO, Tanir F (2015). Occupational risks of health professionals in Turkey as an emerging economy. Ann Glob Health, 81(4):522-9.
13. The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH). Workplace Safety and Health Topics Healthcare Workers: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; 2017 https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/topics/healthcare/default.html
14. He B, Mendelsohn-Victor K, McCullagh MC, Friese CR (2017). Personal protective equipment use and hazardous drug spills among ambulatory oncology nurses. Oncol Nurs Forum, 44(1):60-5.
15. Silver SR, Steege AL, Boiano JM (2016). Predictors of adherence to safe handling practices for antineoplastic drugs: A survey of hospital nurses. J Occup Environ Hyg, 13(3):203-12.
16. Boiano JM, Steege AL (2016). Precautionary practices for administering anesthetic gases: A survey of physician anesthesiologists, nurse anesthetists and anesthesiologist assistants. J Occup Environ Hyg, 13(10):782-93.
17. Magnavita N, Heponiemi T (2011). Workplace violence against nursing students and nurses: an Italian experience. J Nurs Scholarsh, 43(2):203-10.
18. Unver V, Tastan S, Coskun H (2012). The frequency and causes of occupational injuries among nursing students in Turkey. Arch Environ Occup Health, 67(2):72-7.
19. Zhang X, Chen Y, Li Y, et al. (2018). Needlestick and sharps injuries among nursing students in Nanjing, China. Workplace Health Saf, 66(6):276-84.
20. Zhang X, Gu Y, Cui M, Stallones L, Xiang H (2015). Needlestick and sharps injuries among nurses at a teaching hospital in China. Workplace Health Saf, 63(5):219-25.
21. Hamnerius N, Svedman C, Bergendorff O et al (2018). Wet work exposure and hand eczema among healthcare workers: a cross-sectional study. Br J Dermatol, 178(2):452-61.
22. Bernal D, Campos-Serna J, Tobias A et al (2015). Work-related psychosocial risk factors and musculoskeletal disorders in hospital nurses and nursing aides: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Int J Nurs Stud, 52(2):635-48.
23. Cheung K (2010). The incidence of low back problems among nursing students in Hong Kong. J Clin Nurs, 19(15-16):2355-62.
24. Samulin Erdem J, Noto HO, Skare O, et al. (2017). Mechanisms of breast cancer risk in shift workers: association of telomere shortening with the duration and intensity of night work. Cancer Med, 6(8):1988-97.
25. Broadwater K, Brueck S (2017). Health hazard evaluation report: evaluation of a surgical staff's noise exposures during total knee replacement surgeries. Report No: Report No. 2014-0154-3275.
26. Xiong X, Li M, Jiang Y, Tong X, Peng Y (2017). Study of blood exposure-related mental health illness among clinical nurses. Front Med, 11(1):147-51.
27. Taşdelen S, Zaybak A (2013). The determination the level of stress of nursing students during their first clinical experience. Florence Nightingale Journal of Nursing, 21(2):101-6.
28. Yildirim N, Karaca A, Cangur S, Acikgoz F, Akkus D (2017). The relationship between educational stress, stress coping, self-esteem, social support, and health status among nursing students in Turkey: A structural equation modeling approach. Nurse Educ Today, 48:33-9.
29. Arabacı LB, Korhan EA, Tokem Y, Torun R (2015). Nursing students’ anxiety and stress levels and contributed factors before-during and after first clinical placement. Journal of Hacettepe University Faculty of Nursing, 2(1).
30. Cheung K, Chan CK, Chang MY, et al. (2015). Predictors for compliance of standard precautions among nursing students. Am J Infect Control, 43(7):729-34.
31. Hambridge K, Nichols A, Endacott R (2016). The impact of sharps injuries on student nurses: a systematic review. Br J Nurs, 25(19):1064-71.
32. Yang YH, Wu SJ, Wang CLet al (2013). Incidence of needlestick and other sharp object injuries in newly graduated nurses. Am J Infect Control, 41(10):944-5.
33. Yao WX, Yang B, Yao C, et al. (2010). Needlestick injuries among nursing students in China. Nurse Educ Today, 30(5):435-7.
34. Yao WX, Wu YL, Yang B, et al. (2013). Occupational safety training and education for needlestick injuries among nursing students in China: intervention study. Nurse Educ Today, 33(8):834-7.
35. Sarıçam H (2012) Faced nurses under the occupational health and safety risk and hazards on the effect of level of work stress. İzmir: Dokuz Eylül University.[Master Science]
36. Öner N, LeCompte WA (1998). Trait-State anxiety inventory: Handbook. Istanbul: Boğaziçi University Publishing.
37. Kaya H, Kaya N, Pallos AO, Kucuk L (2012). Assessing time-management skills in terms of age, gender, and anxiety levels: a study on nursing and midwifery students in Turkey. Nurse Educ Pract, 12(5):284-8.
38. Aydin Kartal Y, Yazici S (2017). The determination of anxiety and stress levels of midwifery students begining the first clinical experience and post-experience period. HSP, 4(3):190-5.
39. Kaya S, Bilgin Demir I, Karsavuran S, Urek D, Ilgun G (2016). Violence against doctors and nurses in hospitals in Turkey. J Forensic Nurs, 12(1):26-34.
40. Celik SS, Celik Y, Agirbas I, Ugurluoglu O (2007). Verbal and physical abuse against nurses in Turkey. Int Nurs Rev, 54(4):359-66.
41. Shapiro J, Boyle MJ, McKenna L (2018). Midwifery student reactions to workplace violence. Women Birth, 31(1):e67- e 71.
42. Pruss-Ustun A, Rapiti E, Hutin Y (2005). Estimation of the global burden of disease attributable to contaminated sharps injuries among health-care workers. Am J Ind Med, 48(6):482-90.
43. Cheung K, Ho SC, Ching SS, Chang KK (2010). Analysis of needlestick injuries among nursing students in Hong Kong. Accid Anal Prev, 42(6):1744-50.
44. Cheung K, Ching SS, Chang KK, Ho SC (2012). Prevalence of and risk factors for needlestick and sharps injuries among nursing students in Hong Kong. Am J Infect Control, 40(10):997-1001.
45. Büyük ET, Rizalar S, Yüksel P, Yüksel VT (2016). Students’ experiences on sharp object injuries and the effect of practice training on their levels of knowledge. Samsun Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi, 1(1):1-11.
46. Irmak Z, Baybuga MS (2011). Needlestick and sharps injuries among Turkish nursing students: A cross-sectional study. Int J Nurs Pract, 17(2):151-7.
47. Karadag M (2010). Occupational exposure to blood and body fluids among a group of Turkish nursing and midwifery students during clinical practise training: frequency of needlestick and sharps injuries. Jpn J Nurs Sci, 7(2):129-35.
48. Talas MS (2009). Occupational exposure to blood and body fluids among Turkish nursing students during clinical practice training: frequency of needlestick/sharp injuries and hepatitis B immunisation. J Clin Nurs, 18(10):1394-403.
49. Prasuna J, Sharma R, Bhatt A, et al. (2015). Occurrence and knowledge about needle stick injury in nursing students. J Ayub Med Coll Abbottabad, 27(2):430-3.
50. Smith DR, Leggat PA (2005). Needlestick and sharps injuries among nursing students. J Adv Nurs, 51(5):449-55.
51. Suliman M, Al Qadire M, Alazzam M et al (2018). Students nurses' knowledge and prevalence of Needle Stick Injury in Jordan. Nurse Educ Today, 60:23-7.
52. Angelone AM, Mattei A, Sbarbati M, Di Orio F (2011). Prevalence and correlates for self-reported sleep problems among nursing students. J Prev Med Hyg, 52(4):201-8.
53. Katrancha ED, Harshberger LA (2012). Nursing students with latex allergy. Nurse Educ Pract, 12(6):328-32.
54. Lamberti M, Buonanno R, Ritonnaro C, et al. (2015). Molecular profile of sensitization in subjects with short occupational exposure to latex. Int J Occup Med Environ Health, 28(5):841-8.
55. Lo R (2002). A longitudinal study of perceived level of stress, coping and self-esteem of undergraduate nursing students: an Australian case study. J Adv Nurs, 39(2):119-26.
56. Dahlen HG, Caplice S (2014). What do midwives fear? Women Birth, 27(4):266-70.
57. Banks P, Kane H, Rae C, Atkinson J (2012). Support for nursing and midwifery students: a special case? Nurse Educ Today, 32(3):309-14.
58. Taghinejad H, Suhrabi Z, Kikhavani S, Jaafarpour M, Azadi A (2014). Occupational mental health: a study of work-related mental health among clinical nurses. J Clin Diagn Res, 8(9):WC01-3.
59. Asad Zandi M, Sayari R, Ebadi A, Sanainasab H (2011). Abundance of depression, anxiety and stress in militant Nurses. Iranian Journal of Military Medicine, 13(2):103-8.
60. Zhang MX, Yu Y (2013). A study of the psychological impact of sharps injuries on health care workers in China. Am J Infect Control, 41(2):186-7.
61. Jeong JS, Son HM, Jeong IS, et al (2016). Qualitative content analysis of psychologic discomfort and coping process after needlestick injuries among health care workers. Am J Infect Control, 44(2):183-8.
62. Reis RK, Gir E, Canini SR (2004). Accidents with biological material among undergraduate nursing students in a public Brazilian University. Braz J Infect Dis, 8(1):18-24.
| Files | ||
| Issue | Vol 48 No 1 (2019) | |
| Section | Original Article(s) | |
| DOI | https://doi.org/10.18502/ijph.v48i1.786 | |
| Keywords | ||
| Occupational exposure; Injuries; Nursing; Health occupations | ||
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How to Cite
1.
ÖREN B, ZENGIN N. Assessing Health Threatening Problems among Nursing or Midwifery Students during the Clinical Education Course in Turkey. Iran J Public Health. 2019;48(1):85-94.
