Seroprevalence of Human Cystic Echinococcosis in Alborz Province, Central Iran in 2015
Abstract
Background: The aim of this study was to conduct a sero-epidemiological survey in Alborz Province, central Iran to detect the rate of hydatidosis in the city and nearby villages.
Methods: Overall, 680 serum samples were collected from 536 male and 127 female subjects referred to different health centers of Karaj, Alborz Province, central Iran and nearby villages in 2014-15. All patients filled out a questionnaire and an informed consent. Sera were analyzed using indirect-ELISA test with AgB. Ten μg /ml antigens (Proceeded hydatid fluid), serum dilutions of 1:500 and conjugate anti-human coombs with 1:10000 dilutions were utilized to perform the test. Data analysis was conducted using SPSS software ver. 11.5.
Results: Twenty-three cases (3.4%) were positive for hydatidosis by ELISA test. The prevalence of hydatidosis among females and males was 3.1% and 4.7%, respectively. The rate of the disease was significantly higher in areas where dogs were higher (P<0.05). There was no significant difference as regards age groups, sex, job, residency, and literacy. Regarding occupation, housekeepers had the highest rate of infection as 5.9%. The sero-prevalence of infection was 4.2% in bachelors and master people which showed the highest rate. As regards residency, urban life showed no significant difference with rural life (2.8% vs. 4.4%). Age group of 30-39 yr old, with 4.3% as prevalence had the highest rate of positivity (P>0.05).
Conclusion: Because of the specific situation of Alborz Province, and availability of many stray dogs, obtained rate of hydatidosis shows that the authorities should be cautious to monitor the disease.
Torgerson PR, Deplazes P (2009). Echinococcosis: diagnosis and diagnostic interpretation in population studies. Trends Parasitol, 25:164-170.
Craig PS, Larrieu E, David HM (2006). Control of Cystic Echinococcosis/Hydatidosis: 1863-2002. In: Adv Parasitol. Ed(s), vol. Volume 61: Academic Press, pp. 443-508.
Rokni MB (2009). Echinococcosis /hydatidosis in Iran. Iran J Parasitol, 4:1-16.
Rokni MB (2008). The present status of human helminthic diseases in Iran. Ann Trop Med Parasitol, 102:283-295.
Sadjjadi SM (2006). Present situation of echinococcosis in the Middle East and Arabic North Africa. Parasitol Int, 55 Suppl:S197-202.
Schurer JM, Rafferty E, Farag M, Zeng W, Jenkins EJ (2015). Echinococcosis: An Economic Evaluation of a Veterinary Public Health Intervention in Rural Canada. PLoS Negl Trop Dis, 9:e0003883.
Rokni MB, Aminian B (2006). Evaluation of the Enzyme-linked Immuno-electro Transfer Blot (EITB) technique using hydatid cyst antigens B/5 and total IgG antibodies in laboratory diagnosis of human hydatidosis. Pak J Med Sci, 22:127-131.
Rokni MB, Lesan S, Massoud J, Kia EB, Molawi G (2006). Comparative evaluation of Fast enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (Fast-ELISA) and standard-ELISA for the diagnosis of human hydatidosis. Iran J Public Health, 35:29-32.
Eckert J, Deplazes P (2004 ). Biological, Epidemiological, and Clinical Aspects of Echinococcosis, a Zoonosis of Increasing Concern. Clin Microbiol Rev, 17:107-135.
Craig PS, McManus DP, Lightowlers MW et al (2007). Prevention and control of cystic echinococcosis. The Lancet Infect Dis, 7:385-394.
Kavukcu S, Kilic D, Tokat AO, Kutlay H, Cangir AK, Enon S, Okten I, Ozdemir N, Gungor A, Akal M (2006). Parenchyma-preserving surgery in the management of pulmonary hydatid cysts. J Invest Surg, 19:61-68.
Bernawi AAA, Ayed NB, Ali AHME, Khalil EAG (2016). Sero-prevalence and Exposure Rates of Humans to Echinococcus granulosus Infection in Southern Libya. Int J Current Res, 7(09):20392-20396.
Parikh F (2012). Echinococcosis cut to cure but what about control. J Assoc Physicians India, 60:9-10.
Zibaei M, Azargoon A, Ataie-Khorasgani M, Ghanadi K, Sadjjadi S (2013). The serological study of cystic echinococcosis and assessment of surgical cases during 5 years (2007-2011) in Khorram Abad, Iran. Nigerian J Clin Practice, 16:221-225.
Rafiei A, Hemadi A, Maraghi S, Kaikhaei B, Craig PS (2007). Human cystic echinococcosis in nomads of south-west Islamic Republic of Iran. East Mediterr Health J, 13:41-48.
Saberi-Firoozi M, Kaffashian F, Hayati E, Ghaderi AA, Keshavarz H, Arshadi S (1998). Prevalence of hydatidosis in nomadic tribes of southern Iran. Med J Islam Rep Iran, 12 113-118.
Garedaghi Y, Bahavarnia SR (2015). Seroepidemiological study of Hydatid Cyst by ELISA method in East-Azarbaijan Province (2009). Journal of Kerman University of Medical Sciences, 18(2):172-181.
Haniloo A, Badali H, Esmaeil Zadeh AR (2004). Seroepidemiological study of hydatidosis in Zanjan, Islam-Abad, 2002. Journal of Zanjan University of Medical Sciences & Health Services, 12:41-46.
Arbabi M, Massoud J, Dalimi-Asl A, Sadjjadi SM (1998a). Prevalence of hydatidosis in slaughtered animals in Hamedan. Daneshvar Sci Res J Shahed University, 5:57-61.
Hosseini S (1997). Seroepidemiological study of hydatidosis in Divandarreh, Kurdistan and Sannandaj [MSc. Dissertation]. School of Public Health. Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Iran.
Heidari Z, Mohebali M, Zarei Z, Aryayipour M, Eshraghian M, Kia E, Shodajei S, Abdi J, Rakhshanpour A, Rokni M (2011). Seroepidemiological study of human hydatidosis in Meshkinshahr district, Ardabil province, Iran. Iran J Parasitol, 6:19-25.
Rakhshanpour A, Harandi MF, Moazezi S, Rahimi M, Mohebali M, Mowlavi G, Babaei Z, Ariaeipour M, Heidari Z, Rokni M (2012). Seroprevalence of human hydatidosis using ELISA method in Qom province, central Iran. Iran J Parasitol, 7:10-15.
Harandi M, Moazezi S, Saba M, Grimm F, Kamyabi H, Sheikhzadeh F, Sharifi I, Deplazes P (2011). Sonographical and serological survey of human cystic echinococcosis and analysis of risk factors associated with seroconversion in rural communities of Kerman, Iran. Zoonoses Public Health, 58:582-588.
Arbabi M, Doroudgar A, Hooshyar H, Mobedi I (2004). A survey of cestode infections of carnivores in the Kashan region. Journal of the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, 59:289-293.
Baharsefat M, Massoud J, Mobedi I, Farahnak A, Rokni M (2007). Seroepidemiology of cystic echinococcosis in referred patients to health centers in Golestan Province using ELISA and IFA. Iran J Parasitol, 2 20-24.
Lone KS, Bilquees S, Salimkhan M, Haq IU (2014). Analysis of dog bites in kashmir: an unprovoked threat to Population. Natl J, 5:66-68.
| Files | ||
| Issue | Vol 47 No 4 (2018) | |
| Section | Original Article(s) | |
| Keywords | ||
| Hydatidosis Epidemiology ELISA Iran | ||
| Rights and permissions | |
|
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License. |
