Diagnosis Protocol of Stomach Distemperament for Clinical Practice in Iranian Traditional Medicine: A Narrative Review
,
Abstract
Background: In Iranian traditional medicine (ITM) stomach is the important organ in the body. Its disorders can affect other organs such as liver, heart and also can cause depression. Stomach distemperaments can cause some disorders. Thepurpose of this study was to provide a diagnostic method of stomach distemperament for clinical practice.Methods: In this study authoritative ITM books such as Canon of Avicenna, Zakhirah-E-Kharazm Shahi by Hakim Esmail Jorjani, Kamel al -Sina'ah al- Tibbiyah by Ali ibn al-'Abbas al-Majusi were assessed and symptoms and signs of stomachdistemperament were collected.
Results: Stomach has some normal temperament. The imbalance in temperament and humor can cause distemperments. There are 12 types of stomach distemperament and based on symptoms and signs a primary protocol is designed for diagnosis of stomach distemperament.
Conclusion: There is no available guideline for gastric distemperamet diagnosis protocol. As a result, the presented protocol should be considered for use in clinical practice.
Azam Khan M (2004). Eksir Azam (Persian). ed. The Institute for Medical History-Islamic and Complementary Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences;, Tehran.
Avicenna H (2005). Al-Qanun-Fi-Teb. ed. Al-Ama Lelmatbuaat Publications, Beirut.
Jorjani I-HM (1976). Zakhirah -E- Kharazm Shahi(Persian). ed., Tehran:Bonyade Frahange Iran.
Peery AF, Dellon ES, Lund J et al (2012). Burden of gastrointestinal disease in the United States: 2012 update. Gastroenterology, 143(5):1179-87.e1-3.
Motavasselian M, Kakhki MT,Ardekani MRS (2014). Indigestion Leads to Depression: Avicenna's Point of View. Iran Red Crescent Med J, 16:e15959.
Shahkarami E, Minaei B,Dehkordi EJ (2013). The Concept of Liver Disease Diagnosis in Avicenna’s Canon of Medicine. Iran J Public Health, 42:785-786.
Shirzad M, Mosaddegh M, Minaii B, Nikbakht Nasrabadi A,Ahmadian-Attari MM (2013). The relationship between heart and stomach in Iranian traditional medicine: a new concept in cardiovascular disease management. Int J Cardiol, 165:556-557.
Khadem E, Toosi MN,Ilkhani R (2013). Liver-Heart Inter-Relationship in Fatty Liver Disease Based on the Avicenna’s Point of View. Iran J Public Health, 42:648-649.
Toosi MN, Ardekani MS, Minaie M, Nazim I, Esfahani MM,Khadem E (2012). Fatty liver disease from the perspective of traditional Iranian medicine. Quran Med, 1:117-118.
Rezaeizadeh H, Alizadeh M, Naseri M,Ardakani MS (2009). The traditional Iranian medicine point of view on health and disease. Iran J Public Health, 38:169-172.
Parvinroo S, Kamalinejad M,Sabetkasaei M (2014). Pharmacological Concepts of Temperament in Iranian Traditional Medicine. Iran J Public Health, 43:1463-5.
Borhani M, Khoshzaban F, Jodeiri B, Mohsen Naseri, Kamlinejad M, Talei D, Argmandpour A,Rahmtollah R, (2014). Functional Gastrointestinal disorders (FGID) and Iranian Traditional of Medicine (ITM). Adv Environ Biol, 8:740-745.
Rostami A, Minaii B, n Rostamian A, Yekta ZP, Aliasl J,Ahmadbegi S (2014). Overview of avicenna (ibn sina) opinion on stomach swelling. Iran Red Crescent Med J, 16:e21350.
Shirbeigi L, Halavati N, Leila A,Aliasl J (2015). Dietary and Medicinal Herbal Recommendation for Management of Primary Bile Reflux Gastritis in Traditional Per-sian Medicine. Iran J Public Health, 44:1166-1168.
Iqbal SF, Parray SA, Wadud A,Jahan N (2012). CONCEPT OF GASTRIC ULCER (QARHE MEDAH) IN UNANI SYSTEM OF MEDICINE: A REVIEW. International Journal of Industrial Pharmacy and Bio Sciences 1:132-43.
Avicenna M (2005). Al Qanun Fi Al-Tibb(Arabic). ed. Alaalami library, Beirut.
Majusi A (2009). Kamil al- sanaae al- tibbiya (Arabic). ed. Dar Rekaby, Egypt.
Kermani N (2008). Sharhe Asbaab-o-Alaamaat. ed. Ehyae-Tebe-Tabiee Publications, Tehran, Iran.
Razi M (2000). Alhavi( Arabic). ed. Dar Al- Kotob Al- ilmiyah, Beyrouth- Lebanon.
Aghili M (2006). Kholase al- hekmah (Persian). ed. Esmailian, Quom.
Yousefifard M, Parviz M, Hosseini M, Ebadiani M,Keshavarz M (2013). Mizaj; past, present and future. Physiol Pharmacol, 16:328-339.
Naseri M, Babaeian M, Ghaffari F, Kamalinejad M, Feizi A, Mazaheri M, Mokaberinejad R,Adibi P (2016). Bloating Avicenna’s Perspective and Modern Medicine. J Evid Based Complementary Altern Med , 21(2):154-9.
Borhani M, Khoshzaban F, Jodeiri B et al (2014). Gastric diseases semiology in Iranian traditional medicine (ITM). Adv Environ Biol, 8:108-117.
Borhani M, Khoshzaban F, Jodeiri B, Naseri M, Kamlinejad M, Talei D, Argmandpour A,Rahmtollah R (2014). Functional gastrointestinal disorders (FGID) and Iranian traditional of medicine (ITM). Adv Environ Biol, :740-746.
Moradi H, Minaii B, Nasrabadi AN,Siahpoosh M-B (2013). Avicenna Viewpoint about Health Preservation through Healthy Nutrition Principles. Iran J Public Health, 42:220-221.
Mojahedi M, Naseri M, Majdzadeh R, Keshavarz M, Ebadini M, Nazem E, Isfeedvajani MS (2014). Reliability and validity assessment of Mizaj questionnaire: a novel self-report scale in Iranian traditional medicine. Iran Red Cres-cent Med J, 16:e15924.
| Files | ||
| Issue | Vol 46 No 7 (2017) | |
| Section | Review Article(s) | |
| Keywords | ||
| Diagnostic protocols Stomach Distemperament Iranian traditional medicine | ||
| Rights and permissions | |
|
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License. |
