Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 54 7 2025 07 07 1424 1433 Seungok An Department of Special Physical Education, Yongin University, Yongin, Korea Donghee Lee Department of Sports, Kyungmin University, Uijeongbu, Korea Kwang Bong Suh Department of Sports, Kyungmin University, Uijeongbu, Korea Byeol Shin Department of Special Physical Education, Yongin University, Yongin, Korea 2025 05 06 2025 07 07 Background: We conducted an importance–performance analysis (IPA) to examine how sports instructors with disabilities perceive the effectiveness and relevance to improve safety education for sports participants with disabilities. Methods: This study was conducted from April to July 2024 in Seoul and Gyeonggi Province, South Korea. We surveyed 395 sport instructors with disabilities and analyzed the perceived importance and performance of safety education across seven domains: life safety, traffic safety, violence and personal safety, drug and cyber addiction, disaster safety, occupational safety, and first aid. The survey included 52 sub-items, and data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, paired samples t-tests, and IPA. Results: A significant difference in importance and performance was observed across all 7 safety education areas and 52 sub-items, with their importance exceeding their performance (P<0.05). The IPA matrix showed that the traffic and disaster safety domains required urgent improvement, while the life and occupational safety domains required long-term improvement. Conclusion: Considering that accidents are difficult to predict and can occur in various forms, is it necessary to cultivate long-term improvement among sports participants with disabilities by incorporating safety education into their daily lives. https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/39023 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/39023/8597

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 54 7 2025 07 07 1331 1338 Wenhui Huang 1. Academy of Fine Arts, Minzu University of China, Beijing, China 2. School of Education, Minzu University of China, Beijing, China Hanyan Li 1. Academy of Fine Arts, Minzu University of China, Beijing, China 2. Academy of Arts & Design, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China Wanjun Jiang Academy of fine Arts, Minzu university of China, Beijing, China Yao Tian Academy of Fine Arts, Minzu University of China, Beijing, China Ga Qin 1. Academy of Fine Arts, Minzu University of China, Beijing, China 2. School of Education, Minzu University of China, Beijing, China 2024 04 02 2024 12 23 This article examines the practices, status, evolution and current challenges of painting therapy, in child psychological interventions in China. Empirical evidence shows that painting therapy significantly reduces symptoms of anxiety, anger, and schizophrenia, lowers depression scores, and enhances life satisfaction. Randomized controlled trials indicate improvements in emotional disorders, ADHD, and social adaptability. Qualitative research highlights enhanced emotional recognition and self-expression abilities in children with social disorders and ASD. Although painting therapy has made some progress in China, it faces challenges such as shortage of professional talents and lack of standardization. It is recommended to strengthen professional training, improve certification systems, interdisciplinary cooperation and the application of emerging technologies such as artificial intelligence and virtual reality. This study underscores the potential for art therapy to become a more accessible and impactful tool in child psychology, benefiting not only China but also contributing to global mental health practices. https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/35057 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/35057/8589

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 54 7 2025 07 08 1551 1552 Wenjie Sun Center for Health Sciences, Oklahoma State University, 1111 W 17th St, Tulsa, OK 74107, USA 2023 10 23 2024 02 12 No abstract. Not Abstract. https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/33562 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/33562/8609

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 54 7 2025 07 07 1434 1443 EN Cheng Qin School of Economics, Guangxi University, Nanning, China Yuchen Zhu College of Economics and Management, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China 2024 05 20 2024 10 21 Background: Understanding how enhanced medical insurance benefits influence labor decisions of rural elderly individuals is crucial for addressing the challenges posed by population aging on labor market. This study investigated the effects of enhanced welfare levels resulting from medical insurance integration on labor decisions of rural elderly individuals. The objective was to offer policy recommendations to the government to mitigate the decline in the working-age population and sustain the momentum and vibrancy of economic and social development. Methods: This study conducted an empirical analysis, utilizing two waves of data from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) collected in 2015 and 2018. This analysis employed the Difference-in-Differences (DID) approach, treating the enhancement of medical insurance benefits for rural residents, due to China's medical insurance integration as a quasi-natural experiment. Results: Enhancing medical insurance benefits increased the labor supply of older rural individuals, as evidenced by higher labor participation rates and increased hours of work. It also facilitates migrant work while decreasing the willingness to work indefinitely. Medical insurance benefits indirectly influence labor decisions by alleviating healthcare burdens and improving the health status. Notably, the effect is more pronounced among females, higher-income groups, and individuals with poorer health status. Conclusion: The enhancement of medical insurance benefits resulting from China's medical insurance integration increased the social labor supply and reduced the necessity for elderly individuals to continue working indefinitely. The integration provides disadvantaged groups with improved social security, thereby allowing them to enjoy their later years more fully. https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/35570 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/35570/8598

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 54 7 2025 07 07 1339 1349 Agung Setiyadi 1. Faculty of Medicine, Public Health and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia 2. Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Universitas Binawan, Jakarta, Indonesia Uki Noviana Faculty of Medicine, Public Health and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia Eti Sholikhah Faculty of Medicine, Public Health and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia Akhmadi Akhmadi Faculty of Medicine, Public Health and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia Hanim Mufarokhah Faculty of Health Sciences, Institut Teknologi Sains dan Kesehatan Rs. dr. Soepraoen, Malang, Indonesia 2024 12 19 2025 02 06 Background: Tuberculosis (TB) remains a global public health problem with high morbidity and mortality rates, especially in low- and middle-income countries. Community-based approaches, including empowerment of health cadres, have been recognized as a key strategy to improve the success of TB control programs. This review systematically identifies research that has been carried out to determine the contribution of cadres in tuberculosis control programs in various countries. Methods: This scoping review used five electronic databases, namely PubMed, Scopus, Medline-Ebscohost, ProQuest, and Cochrane, to identify the contribution of cadres in TB programs. Article selection was based on PCC (Population, Concept, Context) criteria with a limitation of 2014-2024 and only English-language articles. Results: Out of 793 initial articles, 20 articles met the eligibility criteria. Studies show that empowering cadres is effective in detecting TB cases, improving patient adherence to treatment, and overcoming stigma through culture-based education. However, challenges such as lack of training, incentives, and access to diagnostic tools often hinder cadre performance. Conclusion: Health cadres play an important role in bridging the gap between formal health services and the community. With the support of structured training, resource allocation, and community empowerment, cadres can maximize their impact in TB control programs. https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/37563 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/37563/8590

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 54 7 2025 07 08 1553 1554 Tuğba Güler Sönmez General Directorate of Public Health, Republic of Türkiye Ministry of Health, Ankara, Türkiye İzzet Fidancı Department of Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Türkiye 2024 08 25 2024 09 07 NO Abstract. Not Abstract. https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/36459 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/36459/8610

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 54 7 2025 07 08 1444 1451 EN Roza Sultanalieva Endocrinology Department, Kyrgyz State Medical Academy, Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan Bermet Zhunusova Therapy Department, International Higher School of Medicine, Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan Valeriia Kniazeva Therapy Department, International Higher School of Medicine, Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan Nazgul Abylova Endocrinology Department, Kyrgyz State Medical Academy, Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan Aleksandr Sorokin Department of Physics, Medical Informatics, and Biology, Kyrgyz Russian Slavic University, Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan 2025 02 18 2025 07 07 Background: We aimed to determine the prevalence of carbohydrate metabolism disorders among pregnant women in Kyrgyzstan based on the 2013 WHO diagnostic criteria, to study their frequency, and to assess the influence of key risk factors on the likelihood of developing gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and overt diabetes. Methods: A prospective cohort study was conducted, including 617 pregnant women between 2022 and 2024. All participants underwent an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) in the second half of pregnancy. Diagnosis of GDM and overt diabetes was carried out according to WHO criteria. Multivariate logistic regression was used to analyze risk factors. ROC analysis was performed to assess the diagnostic value of the number of risk factors in predicting carbohydrate metabolism disorders. Results: The incidence of GDM was 18.8% (116/617), and overt diabetes — 6.96% (43/617). The main risk factors for GDM were: age over 35 years (P = 0.002), arterial hypertension (P = 0.001), second-degree family history of diabetes (P = 0.001), pre-pregnancy overweight or obesity (P = 0.002), and multiparity (P = 0.000). For overt diabetes, key risk factors included first-degree family history of diabetes (P = 0.034), second-degree family history (P = 0.001), and overweight or obesity (P = 0.018). Conclusion: An increase in the number of risk factors correlates with the incidence of GDM and overt diabetes. However, for GDM, the number of risk factors is not a reliable predictor, highlighting the need for universal screening of all pregnant women. For overt diabetes, the number of risk factors showed satisfactory predictive value. https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/38208 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/38208/8599

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 54 7 2025 07 07 1350 1363 Jiayan Huang Department of Pharmacy, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Hainan Hospital, Haikou City, Hainan Province, China Huawei Qiu Department of Pharmacy, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Hainan Hospital, Haikou City, Hainan Province, China Kaishun Meng Department of Geriatrics, Sanya People's Hospital, West China (Sanya) Hospital, Sichuan University, Sanya City, Hainan Province, China 2025 03 06 2025 06 21 Background: We aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of combined hypoglycemic agents and insulin therapy in the middle-aged and elderly patients with diabetes through a meta-analysis. Methods: Literature was searched in PubMed, Cochrane Library, EMbase, Web of Science, WanFang, VIP, and CNKI databases for studies on the combined use of hypoglycemic agents and insulin therapy in the middle-aged and elderly patients with diabetes, with a search time limit up to February 2023. Results: This article includes 8 RCTs. The risk of bias assessment shows that one article had a low risk of bias, one article have an unclear risk of bias, and 6 articles have a high risk of bias. The meta-analysis results show that the combination of hypoglycemic agents and insulin has better blood glucose control (P=0.0001); fasting blood glucose reduction is more significant (P<0.00001); the 2-hour postprandial blood glucose reduction is more noticeable (P=0.002); HbA1c reduction is more pronounced (P=0.005); however, there is no difference in the incidence of adverse reactions between the two groups (P=0.09). Conclusion: The combination of hypoglycemic agents and insulin in the treatment of middle-aged and elderly diabetic patients can reduce the fasting blood glucose, the 2-hour posle="en_US">Department of Infectious Diseases, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Farshid REZAEI Center for Control of Communicable Diseases, Ministry of Health and Medical Education, Tehran, Iran Mostafa SALEHI-VAZIRI Department of Arboviruses and Viral Hemorrhagic Fevers (National Reference Laboratory), Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran Nazanin Zahra SHAFIEI-JANDAGHI Department of Virology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Ehsan Shamsi GOOSHKI Department of Medical Ethics, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran AND Medical Ethics and History of Medicine Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Morteza ZAIM Department of Medical Entomology and Vector Control, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Mohammad Hossein NICKNAM Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran AND Molecular Immunology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran 2019 01 16 Background: Zika virus infection has recently attracted the attention of medical community. While clinical manifestations of the infection in adult cases are not severe and disease is not associated with high mortality rates, Zika virus infection can have an impact on fetal development and lead to severe neurodevelopmental abnormalities. Methods: To gain insight into different aspects of Zika virus infection, a comprehensive literature review was performed. With regard to epidemiology and geographical distribution of Zika virus infection, relevant information was extracted from CDC and WHO websites. Results: In this review, we discuss different basic and clinical aspects of Zika virus infection including virology, epidemiology and pathogenesis of disease. Laboratory methods required for the diagnosis of disease together with ethical issues associated with Zika virus infection will also be discussed in detail. Conclusion: Herein, we have tried to provide a multi-faceted view of Zika virus infection, with greater emphasis on disease status in Eastern Mediterranean Region. https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/15935 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/15935/6250

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 48 1 2019 01 16 176 178 Sangwook SEO Gyeongsangbuk-do Government Public Institute of Health and Environment, Yeongcheon, Republic of Korea Kisok KIM College of Pharmacy, Keimyung University, Daegu 42601, Republic of Korea 2019 01 16 No Abstract### https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/15955 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/15955/6270

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 48 1 2019 01 16 77 84 Pei-Quan WANG Department of Intensive Care Unit, Linzi District People’s Hospital, Zibo, Shandong 255400, China Jing LI Department of Geratology, Linzi District People’s Hospital, Zibo, Shandong 255400, China Li-Li ZHANG Department of Intensive Care Unit, Linzi District People’s Hospital, Zibo, Shandong 255400, China Hong-Chun LV Department of Intensive Care Unit, Linzi District People’s Hospital, Zibo, Shandong 255400, China Su-Hua ZHANG Department of Health Care, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University (Qingdao), Qingdao, Shandong 266000, China 2019 01 16 Background: The study aimed to detect critical metabolites in acute lung injury (ALI). Methods: A comparative analysis of microarray profile of patients with sepsis-induced ALI compared with sepsis patients with was conducted using bioinformatic tools through constructing multi-omics network. Multi-omics composite networks (gene network, metabolite network, phenotype network, gene-metabolite association network, phenotype-gene association network, and phenotype-metabolite association network) were constructed, following by integration of these composite networks to establish a heterogeneous network. Next, seed genes, and ALI phenotype were mapped into the heterogeneous network to further obtain a weighted composite network. Random walk with restart (RWR) was used for the weighted composite network to extract and prioritize the metabolites. On the basis of the distance proximity among metabolites, the top 50 metabolites with the highest proximity were identified, and the top 100 co-expressed genes interacted with the top 50 metabolites were also screened out. Results: Totally, there were 9363 nodes and 10,226,148 edges in the integrated composite network. There were 4 metabolites with the scores > 0.009, including CHITIN, Tretinoin, sodium ion, and Celebrex. Adenosine 5'-diphosphate, triphosadenine, and tretinoin had higher degrees in the composite network and the co-expressed network. Conclusion: Adenosine 5'-diphosphate, triphosadenine, and tretinoin may be potential biomarkers for diagnosis and treatment of ALI.     https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/15941 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/15941/6256

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 48 1 2019 01 16 32 42 Batoul AHMADI Department of Health Management and Economics, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Sedigheh SALAVATI Department of Public Health, School of Nursery, Maragheh University of Medical Sciences, Maragheh, Iran 2019 01 16 Background: National plans have an important role in defining vision, goals, priorities, and action plans. The present paper examined the international experience in developing upstream documents concerning women's health; it regards the necessity of developing Iranian women's health plan. Methods: This review, conducted with search in electronic databases and literature of no limitation in terms of years conducted. The phrases such as "woman health policy", "woman health promotion", "woman health strategy" and "woman health plan” were searched. The criteria based on which the countries were chosen were the degree to which they were developed in health system, health indexes, the accessibility of required information, and the possibility of benchmarking the new methods. Results: Emphasize on gender as a determinant of health, increasing the economic activities of women, decreasing the violence against women, gender-based researches, and inter-sectorial approach are some common items in the women’s health plans in selected countries. The main upstream documents about women health in Iran such as ‘Research policies and principles of women issues’, “Women Charter of Rights in Iran” were not developed and implemented in form of a comprehensive plan so we need to formulate a full women health national plan that summarizes all previous policies with addition of new needed strategies inclusion. Conclusion: Developing a national plan for Iranian women’s health regarding with selected countries experiences makes a long-term vision for health and obtains the institutional and organizational efforts and resources necessary for women health promotion in Iran.     https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/15936 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/15936/6251

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 48 1 2019 01 16 179 180 Marian MARAK Faculty of Social Sciences, University of SS. Cyril and Methodius, Trnava, Slovakia Pavol BENO Department of Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences and Social Work, Trnava University, Trnava, Slovakia Martin SAMOHYL Institute of Hygiene, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, Bratislava, Slovakia 2019 01 16 No Abstract### https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/15956 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/15956/6271

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 48 1 2019 01 16 85 94 Besey ÖREN Department of Midwifery, Faculty of Health Sciences, Health Science University, Istanbul, Turkey Neriman ZENGIN Department of Midwifery, Faculty of Health Sciences, Istanbul University-Cerrahpaşa, Istanbul, Turkey 2019 01 16 Background: This study determined the occupational exposure and health problems experienced by nursing and midwifery students during their clinical internships. Methods: The study population consisted of 1719 nursing and midwifery students studying at the health sciences faculties of six Turkish universities in 2016. Data were collected using a questionnaire prepared by researchers, namely Occupational Exposure and Health Problems in Clinical Environment Questionnaire, and the State-Trait Anxiety Scale. The data were analyzed using Mann Whitney U test, Kruskal Wallis variance analysis, and Spearman correlation analysis. Significance was accepted in a 95% confidence interval and a level of P<0.05. Results: The students had a mean age of 20.86 yr (1.72), and 48.6% had midwifery and 51.4% had nursing major. More than 17.8% of the students were experienced occupational exposure during their clinical internships. Total score for students was 2.15 ±0.71. The scores of the students examined for exposure to hazards and verbal violence was 2.13 ± 1.17, for needle stick injury it was 2.10 ± 1.13. In addition, when the scores of the students' health problems were examined, insomnia 3.57 ± 1.22, low back pain 2.84 ± 1.29, shoulder or arm pain 2.68 ± 1.29 were determined statistically. There was a positive significant relationship between the mean clinical occupational hazardous exposure and health problems and state-trait anxiety scores (P<0.01). Conclusion: Approximately one-fifth of the students were exposed to occupational hazardous at the hospital while they were on their clinical internship programs. Students rarely experience occupational exposure, but often suffer from insomnia, sometimes musculoskeletal pains (back, shoulder arm, neck), rarely have skin problems.     https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/15942 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/15942/6257

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 48 1 2019 01 16 43 52 Sedighe FOROUHARI Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran Saeed HOSSEINI TESHNIZI Social Determinants in Health Promotion Research Center, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran Mohammad Hasan EHRAMPOUSH Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran Seyed Saeed MAZLOOMY MAHMOODABAD Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran Hossein FALLAHZADEH Prevention and Epidemiology of Non-Communicable Disease Research Center, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran Seyed Ziaeddin TABEI Department of Medical Ethics and Philosophy of Health, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran Mohammad NAMI Department of Neuroscience, School of Advanced Medical Sciences and Technologies, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran Masoud MIRZAEI Yazd Cardiovascular Research Center, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran Bahia NAMAVAR JAHROMI Infertility Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran Seyyed Mehrdad HOSSEINI TESHNIZI Department of Natural Science and Mathematics, School of Biochemistry, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, USA Jalil GHANI DEHKORDI Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran Maryamsadat KAZEMITABAEE Isfahan Health Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran 2019 01 16 Background: Religious obligation helps people to develop mental health by creating internal commitment to special rules. This meta-analysis aimed to determine the relationship between religious orientation and anxiety among college students. Methods: Major scientific databases including PubMed, Web of Science, Science Direct, EBSCO, ProQuest and PsycINFO were searched for original research articles published 1987-2016.   A random effect model was used to combine Correlation coefficient. All analyses were performed using Stata MP. Results: After screening of 7235 documents, 13 articles including 5620 participants met inclusion criteria in this meta-analysis. Correlation coefficient was -0.08 (95% CI= -0.19, -0.03) which indicated with increasing religious orientation, anxiety and depression reduced (P<0.001). Characteristics such as sex, geographic region, and type of religions were potential sources of heterogeneity. Based on fill-and-trim method the adjusted pooled r was obtained, -0.06 (95% CI= -0.16, -0.04). Conclusion: There was a weakness relationship between religious orientation and mental anxiety and depression. Therefore, it needs to improve knowledge of student about advantages of religious orientation.   https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/15937 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/15937/6252

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 48 1 2019 01 16 181 183 Marta DĄBROWSKA-BENDER Dept. of Clinical Dietetics, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland and“Fundation Onko Cafe-Together Better”, Warsaw, Poland Robert SŁONIEWSKI Dept. of Public Health, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland Urszula RELIGIONI Collegium of Business Administration, Warsaw School of Economics, Warsaw, Poland Anna SŁONIEWSKA Masovian Oncological Hospital, Wieliszew, Poland Magdalena MILEWSKA Dept. of Clinical Dietetics, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland Anna KUPIECKA “Fundation Onko Cafe-Together Better”, Warsaw, Poland Adrianna SOBOL “Fundation Onko Cafe-Together Better”, Warsaw, Poland and Dept. of Oncological Prevention, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland Anna STANISZEWSKA Dept. of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland 2019 01 16 No Abstract### https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/15957 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/15957/6272

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 48 1 2019 01 16 95 102 Long WANG School of Management, China Research Center for Emergency Management, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, China Canhua KANG School of Economics, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, China Zongyi YIN School of Arts and Law, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, China Fang SU School of Management, China Research Center for Emergency Management, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, China 2019 01 16 Background: During reports of emergency events, journalists experience psychological crisis and negative emotions aroused by the events. The psychological endurance of journalists, which is induced by high risks of the career, has attracted widespread attention. Emotional state and coping style are important factors that influence the psychological endurance of individuals. This study aimed to analyze the relationship of psychological endurance with anxiety and coping style among journalists engaged in emergency events. Methods: A total of 296 journalists in Hubei Province of China who participated in reports on emergency events from August to December 2017 were selected. Journalists were assessed using the Psychological Endurance Scale, Self-rating Anxiety Scale, and Simple Coping Style Questionnaire. Results: The total score of the psychological endurance of journalists engaged in emergency events is slightly lower than that of the Chinese norm. Score of anxiety of highly educated journalists is significantly higher than that of lowly educated journalists. Psychological endurance of journalists is negatively correlated with negative coping style and anxiety, but it is positively correlated with positive coping style. Positive coping style of journalists engaged in emergency events partially mediates the effects of psychological endurance on anxiety. Conclusion: Among journalists engaged in emergency events, the highly educated group presents obvious anxiety and negative coping style. Psychological endurance indirectly affects through positive coping style and directly affects anxiety of journalists.       https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/15943 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/15943/6258

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 48 1 2019 01 16 184 186 Hamid ABDOLLAHI Dept. of Medical Physics, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Isaac SHIRI Research Center for Molecular and Cellular Imaging, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran AND Biomedical and Health Informatics, Rajaie Cardiovascular Medical and Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Mohammad HEYDARI Student Research Committee, School of Health Management and Information Sciences Branch, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran 2019 01 16 No Abstract### https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/15958 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/15958/6273

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 48 1 2019 01 16 103 111 Piyathida KUHIRUNYARATN Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand Prasert PRASOMRAK Mahidol University, Amnatchareon Campus, Amnatcharoen, Thailand Bangonsri JINDAWONG Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand 2019 01 16 Background: Elderly falls increase dramatically with age and are a leading cause of injury, carrying a risk of loss of independence and death. We studied the effects of a health education program on fall-risk prevention among urban elderly persons in the municipality of Khon Kaen, Thailand. Methods: A quasi-experimental study was conducted in 2 communities. The calculated sample size was 216 individuals: 108 for intervention and 108 for control, all of whom were 60 or older, and registered at the Samlium Primary Care Unit (SPCU). The educational intervention was a fall risk intervention program by an elderly buddy. A structured questionnaire that incorporated questions from the Thai Fall Risk Assessment Tool (Thai-FRAT) was used to collect general and specific information. Data were analyzed using the independent sample t-test and c2, with P<0.05 being statistically significant. Results: The response rate was 94.4%. More than half of the respondents were at risk of a fall. The prevalence of risk of a fall among the intervention group was slightly less than that for those within the control group [Intervention group=52.9% (95%CI: 42.85, 62.81, P<0.001); Control group=60.8% (95%CI: 50.59, 70.15, P=0.016)]. After 6 months of intervention, the balance impairment, medicine usage, and overall proportion with risk of fall were decreased. The difference between the intervention and control groups was statistically significant (P<0.05). Conclusion: The provision of a health education program designed for fall risk prevention among the elderly would be a useful public health initiative.     https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/15944 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/15944/6259

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 48 1 2019 01 16 187 188 Fariba KHAYYATI Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Research Institute for Health Development, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran Mohammad ASGHARI JAFARABADI Road Traffic Injury Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran AND Department of Statistics and Epidemiology, Faculty of Health, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran Masoud LOTFIZADEH Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran Asrin KARIMI Neurosciences Research Center, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran Khaled RAHMANI Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Research Institute for Health Development, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran 2019 01 16 No Abstract### https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/15959 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/15959/6274

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 48 1 2019 01 16 112 119 Sheng-Jun WANG Department of Teaching, School of Medicine, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China Li-Juan LIU Department of Health Management, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China Guang-Yue JI Department of Logistics Support, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, Shanghai, 200072, China AND Department of Training, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China Xiao-Hua (Andrew) ZHOU Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Washington, Washington, America Tian-Jiao JIANG Department of Health Management, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China Mei-Hua LU Department of Teaching, School of Medicine, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China De-Lin YU Department of Medical Administration, Guilin Sanatorium of Guangzhou Military Command Area, Guilin, Guangxi, 541000, China Qiang GUO Department of Health Management, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China Jin-Hai SUN Department of Health Management, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China 2019 01 16 Background: This study aimed to evaluate the characteristics of faculty and research activities of basic stem cell research groups in China. Methods: A questionnaire was administered to persons who knew the information among 46 basic stem cell research groups in China. Multiple linear regression models and repeated-measures analyses of variance were used. Repeated-measures analyses of variance were used. Results: Of the 46 groups, 39.1% did not have any faculty recruited from abroad from 2009 to 2013, 37.0% did not have any faculty with junior-level title, 34.8% had ≤25.0% faculty with either M.D. or Ph.D. degree. Papers published in SCI journals per faculty and having faculty recruited from abroad were positively associated with research funding per faculty. The groups with faculty recruited from abroad had significantly higher research funding per faculty over time compared with the group without faculty recruited from abroad. Repeated-measures analyses of variance showed the group with faculty recruited from abroad had significantly higher research funding per faculty over time compared with the group without faculty recruited from abroad. Conclusion: To increase the development of basic stem cell research, some characteristics of human resources should be improved, and the groups should recruit more faculty with overseas experience.     https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/15945 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/15945/6260

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 48 1 2019 01 16 120 125 Can ONER Department of Family Medicine, Kartal Dr Lütfi Kırdar Education and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey Binali CATAK Department of Public Health, School of Medicine, Kafkas University, Kars, Turkey 2019 01 16 Background: High-quality prenatal care services could decrease maternal-neonatal mortality and morbidities. The aim of this study was to compare institutional and unplanned home deliveries with regard to the use and content of prenatal care services. Methods: The study was conducted in 2011 with two hundred and twenty-nine mothers with unplanned deliveries at home as study group and 458 mothers having institutional deliveries as controls living in Istanbul. The content of prenatal care was evaluated in accordance with the national ministry of health prenatal care management guidelines and the data was collected by a questionnaire with face to face interview. Results: Women with unplanned deliveries at home use prenatal care services less frequently. Percentage of mothers that had home deliveries and did not use prenatal care services was 16.2% while this was only 3.4% in women having institutional deliveries (P=0.001). Moreover, all parameters of prenatal care were poor in content compared to women with institutional deliveries. Conclusion: Adequate prenatal care services in terms of quantity and quality can promote institutional deliveries.   https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/15946 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/15946/6261

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 48 1 2019 01 16 126 131 Huafeng LI Genetic Laboratory, Women & Children’s Health Care Hospital of Linyi, Shandong Province, Linyi, 276014, PR China Yongli LI Genetic Laboratory, Women & Children’s Health Care Hospital of Linyi, Shandong Province, Linyi, 276014, PR China Rui ZHAO Genetic Laboratory, Women & Children’s Health Care Hospital of Linyi, Shandong Province, Linyi, 276014, PR China Yanli ZHANG Genetic Laboratory, Women & Children’s Health Care Hospital of Linyi, Shandong Province, Linyi, 276014, PR China 2019 01 16 Background: We aimed to assess the frequency and structure of chromosomal abnormalities as well as the distribution of the indications of prenatal diagnosis in 4206 cases of high-risk pregnant women. Methods: A retrospective analysis of cytogenetic studies of 4206 pregnant women with indications of amniocentesis, referred to Linyi Women and Children’s Hospital, Shandong Province, Linyi, China in 2016-2017, was performed. Among those, 4191 amniotic fluid specimens were successfully extracted and cultured, and received karyotype diagnosis. Results: A total of 358 abnormal karyotypes were detected and the abnormal rate was 8.54%. Among them, autosomal aneuploidy was the most common pattern occupied 64.53% and the detection rate was 5.51%, of which 173 (48.32%) cases were 21-trisomy, which was the main type of abnormal karyotypes, followed by 18-trisomy (14.25%). There were 38 cases with sex chromosome aneuploidy, including 47, XXY, 47, XXX, 47, XYY, 69, XXX and 45, X0, accounting for 10.61% of the total chromosome abnormalities and the detection rate was 0.91%. Chromosome structural disorders occupied 10.61% (38/358) of the chromosome abnormalities, including Robertson translocation (16 cases), balance translocation (14 cases), inversion (3 cases), deletion (3 cases), and so on. Chromosome polymorphism was 10.61% too. Other uncommon abnormal karyotypes included mosaicism (11/358), marker chromosome (1.3%). Advanced age and serological screening for high risk were the major prenatal diagnostic indications for pregnant women with chromosomal abnormalities. Conclusion: The karyotype analysis of amniotic fluid cells in pregnant women with different amniocentisis indications can effectively prevent the birth of fetuses with chromosomal diseases and reduce the risk of fetal malformation.   https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/15947 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/15947/6262

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 48 1 2019 01 16 132 138 Siavaah CHALABIANI Department of Molecular Diagnostics, Noor Pathobiology Laboratory, Tehran, Iran Mina KHODADAD NAZARI Department of Molecular Diagnostics, Noor Pathobiology Laboratory, Tehran, Iran Nada RAZAVI DAVOODI Department of Molecular Diagnostics, Noor Pathobiology Laboratory, Tehran, Iran Mahdi SHABANI Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Masoud MARDANI Tropical Infectious Diseases Research Center, Shahid Behshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Abdolfatah SARAFNEJAD Department of Molecular Diagnostics, Noor Pathobiology Laboratory, Tehran, Iran AND Department of Immunology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Ali AKBAR AMIRZARGAR Department of Molecular Diagnostics, Noor Pathobiology Laboratory, Tehran, Iran AND Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran AND Molecular Immunology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran 2019 01 16 Background: Brucellosis as a zoonotic disease is widespread among human and animal that it continues to be a major public health problem. Due to the shortage of recent epidemiologic data regarding the brucellosis distribution in Iran, we convinced to evaluate the prevalence of brucellosis in provinces of Iran. Methods: In this descriptive study, data were collected from brucellosis suspected patients referred to Noor Pathobiology Laboratory, Tehran, Iran from 18 out of 31 provinces of Iran during 2013-2015. Results: Overall, 2635 out of 17103 attending cases (15.4%) were recognized as brucellosis patients. The most prevalent rate was found in patients aged 20-39 yr old (41%) which of them 67% were male. Patients with brucellosis were significantly diagnosed in spring season (Apr to late May). Among included provinces, Hamadan Province had the highest (25%) prevalence followed by Markazi and Mazandaran with 24.7% and 22.5%, respectively. Conclusion: Brucellosis is still considered as an important infectious disease with a high prevalence in many provinces of Iran. It is necessary to implement a national brucellosis control program by increasing medical education, public knowledge and various controlling plans for preventing, controlling and eradicating of brucellosis.   https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/15948 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/15948/6263

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 48 1 2019 01 16 139 146 Zeinab EBRAHIMZADEH Department of Clinical Psychology, School of Education and Psychology, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran Mohammad Ali GOODARZI Department of Clinical Psychology, School of Education and Psychology, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran Hassan JOULAEI Shiraz HIV/AIDS Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran 2019 01 16 Background: Antiretroviral therapy has significantly reduced the prevalence of diseases and mortality rate caused by HIV; therefore, recognition of the factors affecting the antiretroviral therapy is of great importance. We aimed to investigate the relationship between antiretroviral medication adherence and CD4 with posttrau-matic stress disorder (PTSD) and depression in patients with HIV. Methods: This was a descriptive, cross-sectional, quantitative, and correlational study. The statistical popula-tion included all of the patients with HIV in Shiraz, Fars Province, southwest of Iran in 2013, of whom 220 were selected from the Behavioral Diseases Consultation Center using the convenience sampling method. The measures included Mississippi Post Traumatic Stress Disorder Questionnaire, Beck-II Depression, and ACTG Adherence (ACTG). The results were analyzed using the Pearson correlation method and stepwise hierarchical multivariate regression. Results: Regression analysis showed that of two mediating variables (age & educational level), only age could predict 5% (P<0.001) and of two predictive variables (depression & PTSD) only PTSD could predict 53% (P<0.001) of medication adherence's variance. Moreover, of two mediating variables (age & disease duration), only age could predict 3% (P<0.004) and of two predictive variables (depression & PTSD) only PTSD could predict 4% (P<0.001) of CD4 variance. Conclusion: The posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms could predict the medication non-adherence and lower CD4 levels. https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/15949 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/15949/6264

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 48 1 2019 01 16 147 155 Jafar Sadegh TABRIZI Tabriz Health Services Management Research Center, Health Management and Safety Promotion Research Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran Majid KARAMOUZ East Azerbaijan Province Health Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran Homayoun SADEGHI-BAZARGANI Road Traffic Injury Research Center, Health Management and Safety Promotion Research Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran Alireza NIKNIAZ Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran Leila NIKNIAZ