Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 54 3 2025 03 04 578 588 EN Jung-Ha Park Department of Nursing, Dongseo University, Busan, Republic of Korea Heeyoung Jung Department of Nursing, Busan Women’s College, Busan, Republic of Korea Yeon Hee Lee Department of Nursing, Dong-Eui University, Busan, Republic of Korea Young Chul Choi Department of Liberal Art, Busan Women’s College, Busan, Republic of Korea Ki-Hyok Youn Department of Social Welfare, Tongmyong University, Busan, Republic of Korea 2024 11 23 2025 03 04 Background: This randomized and controlled pre- and post-test experimental study investigated the effects of a nonviolent communication education program on empathy, interpersonal relationships, stress, and resilience among Korean nursing students. Methods: We included 51 Korean nursing students from a university in Busan Metropolitan City, Republic of Korea, with 26 in the experimental group and 25 in the control group. Data were collected from May to August 2024, and the nonviolent communication education program was conducted for 8 hours daily. To confirm program effectiveness, the participants were asked to practice nonviolent communication during the 5 weeks of participation in the program, and a reflection journal was to be written daily. The collected data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, χ2-tests, independent t-tests, and a repeated-measures analysis of variance. Results: The over-time change in empathy and interpersonal relationship scores in the experimental group was significantly different from those in the control group (F=8.540, P<0.001 and F=3.654, P=0.029, respectively). However, the over-time change in stress and resilience scores in the experimental group was not significantly different from those in the control group (F=0.366, P=0.851 and F=0.256, P=0.775, respectively). Education programConclusion: The nonviolent communication education program was effective in promoting empathy and interpersonal relationships among nursing students. However, its effects on stress and resilience were not significant. Periodic implementation of the program coupled with stress-relief strategies may be effective. A long-term program must be implemented to verify changes in nursing students’ self-understanding. Moreover, further research is needed on the sustainability of the program’s effects. https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/37284 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/37284/8496

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 54 3 2025 03 04 454 464 Xu Cao Department of Healthcare Ward, Peking University People’s Hospital, Peking, China Chenxia Liu Department of Healthcare Ward, Peking University People’s Hospital, Peking, China Qiuyue Liu Department of Healthcare Ward, Peking University People’s Hospital, Peking, China Jian Gao 1. Department of Thoracic Surgery, Peking University People's Hospital, Peking, China 2. Thoracic Oncology Institute, Peking University People's Hospital, Peking, China Yan Wang Department of Healthcare Ward, Peking University People’s Hospital, Peking, China Feng Yang 1. Department of Thoracic Surgery, Peking University People's Hospital, Peking, China 2. Thoracic Oncology Institute, Peking University People's Hospital, Peking, China 2024 09 27 2024 11 25 Background: We aimed to appraise and compare the impact of inadequate nutrition in lung transplant recovery. Methods: Based on the inspection of the meta-analysis data, the odds ratio (OR) and mean difference (MD) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were derived by dichotomous random or fixed effect models. 6 papers with 1399 lung transplant who were available between 2020 and 2024 were comprised in this meta-analysis. Results: Frail had significantly higher hospital length of stay (MD, 2.80; 95% CI, 1.80-3.80, P< 0.001), and all-cause mortality (OR, 2.33; 95% CI, 1.40-3.87, P=0.001) compared to non-frail in subjects with lung transplant. However, no significant difference was found between frail and non-frail in intubation post-lung transplant (MD, 7.00; 95% CI, -17.52-31.52, P=0.58), and intensive care unit length of stay (MD, -1.70; 95% CI, -4.53- 1.14, P=0.24) in subjects with lung transplant. Conclusion: Using frail had significantly higher hospital length of stay, and all-cause mortality, however, no significant difference was found in intubation post-lung transplant, and intensive care unit length of stay compared to non-frail in subjects with lung transplant However, given that comparisons comprised a small number of studies, attention ought to be given to their values. https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/36745 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/36745/8485

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 54 3 2025 03 04 663 664 EN Jong Sung Kim College of General Education for Truth, Sincerity, and Love, Kyonggi University, Suwon, South Korea Hyun-chul Kang College of Creative Engineering, Kyonggi University, Suwon, South Korea Myoung Eun Park Department of Physical Education, Korea National Sport University, Seoul, South Korea 2024 05 09 2024 09 23 No Abstract. Not Abstract.  https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/35447 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/35447/8505

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 54 3 2025 03 04 589 597 Liping Dai General Education College, Fuzhou Polytechnic, Fuzhou, China Bingjin Su General Education College, Fuzhou Polytechnic, Fuzhou, China Qiang Liu Department of Physical Education, Xiamen Institute of Technology, Xiamen, China 2025 01 19 2025 03 04 Background: Due to economic development and lifestyle changes, childhood obesity and psychological problems are becoming increasingly prominent. However, only a few studies have investigated the available psychological interventions for obese children. In this study, an eight-week empirical research on obese children was conducted where rational-emotive therapy was combined with group exercise. Methods: A total of 110 obese children from 2 public primary schools in Fujian Province, China were selected via cluster random sampling. They were randomly divided into an experimental group and a control group, with 55 children in each group. The experimental group received an integrated intervention dominated by rational-emotive therapy, while the control group did not receive any intervention. After eight weeks of intervention, a comparative measurement was conducted on both groups. Results: The decrease in BMI observed in the experimental group was significantly greater than that observed in the control group, and such difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). The decrease in depression observed in the experimental group was greater than that observed in the control group, and such difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). The experimental group reported reductions in all eight factors of metal health after the intervention, and the differences were statistically significant (P<0.001). Conclusion: The proposed intervention model can effectively reduce obese children’s BMI and depression levels and improve their mental health. The results of this study provide scientific basis for the timely prevention of childhood obesity and negative psychological problems. https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/37882 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/37882/8497

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 54 3 2025 03 04 465 477 Xiaomin Xian Department of Geriatric Endocrinology and Metabolism, Guangxi Academy of Medical Sciences and the People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, China Yanping Zhang Department of Geriatric Endocrinology and Metabolism, Guangxi Academy of Medical Sciences and the People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, China Guifen Fu Department of Nursing, Guangxi Academy of Medical Sciences and the People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, China Ziqiang Li Department of Geriatric Endocrinology and Metabolism, Guangxi Academy of Medical Sciences and the People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, China Jingfeng Chen Department of Geriatric Endocrinology and Metabolism, Guangxi Academy of Medical Sciences and the People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, China Miao Wang Otolaryngology Head and Neck Department, Guangxi Academy of Medical Sciences and the People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, China Qiuping Zheng Department of Geriatric Endocrinology and Metabolism, Guangxi Academy of Medical Sciences and the People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, China 2024 10 23 2025 01 25 Background: The oral health-related quality of life in diabetic patients is regarded as a significant factor for assessing their dental health. This study aimed to examine the current research state, frequently utilized research instruments, and factors impacting the oral health quality of life in individuals with diabetes. Methods: Our review was conducted according to the PRISMA extended guidelines for scoping review. We conducted a literature review on the oral health and quality of life of diabetic patients using PubMed, Embase, and additional databases. This research proposal has been formally submitted to the Open Science Framework. Results: Out of 3827 materials, merely 17 publications satisfied the review requirements for our study. The search period extended from the inception of the library until Feb 5, 2024. The research encompassed seven countries, including China, the United States, and Iran, utilizing the Oral Health Evaluation Index for the Elderly and the Oral Health Impact Scale as prevalent assessment instruments. The quality of life connected to oral health was predominantly low among diabetic patients, influenced by socio-demographic characteristics, oral health status, biochemical indicators, psychosocial elements, lifestyle choices, and oral-related factors. Conclusion: The oral health-related quality of life among diabetic patients is typically diminished. Oral health care professionals must devise strategies to promptly identify, assess, and manage the factors influencing the oral health-related quality of life in diabetic patients, while incorporating necessary preventive measures and screenings to enhance oral disease prevention in routine evaluations. https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/37001 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/37001/8486

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 54 3 2025 03 04 665 666 Hye Sun Park Major in Health and Sports Education, Graduate School of Education, Busan National University of Education, Busan, South Korea Sung-Bum Ju Department of Physical Education, Busan National University of Education, Busan, South Korea 2024 07 31 2024 09 30 No Abstract. Not abstract.  https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/36217 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/36217/8506

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 54 3 2025 03 04 598 606 EN Alper Ateş Department of Tourism Guidance, Faculty of Tourism, Selçuk University, Konya, Türkiye Beyza Erer Department of Human Resources Management, Söke Faculty of Business Administration, Adnan Menderes University, Aydın, Türkiye 2024 06 01 2024 11 11 Background: Smartphone addiction, a growing issue affecting Generation X, Y, and Z, is characterized by excessive use of applications, leading to counterproductive behaviors like virtual shifting. This study aimed to investigate the moderating role of generation differences (X and Y) in the effect of smartphone addiction on cyberloafing behaviors. Methods: Participants included 423 bank employees and volunteers, with 214 from the X generation and 209 from the Y generation, from three provinces in Turkey. Participants were selected through simple random sampling, and data were gathered using Google Forms between February and Mar 2024. The data were analyzed using SPSS 25 and AMOS 25 software. Results: The analysis indicated that a significant positive correlation between smartphone addiction and cyberloafing behaviors. Furthermore, smartphone addiction was found to have a positive impact on cyberloafing behaviors, with no generational differences in this association. Conclusion: The study results highlight the importance of smartphone addiction in the workplace, as it leads to an increase in cyberloafing behavior.  https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/35683 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/35683/8498

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 54 3 2025 03 04 478 488 Yan Zhu Department of Gastroenterology, Beijing Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Beijing, 100039, China Quanxi Liu Department of Gastroenterology, Beijing Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Beijing, 100039, China 2024 Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 52 2 2023 01 30 243 253 Nur Hidayati 1. Doctoral Study Program, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, Indonesia 2. Department of Mental Health Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, Indonesia Suryani Suryani Department of Mental Health Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, Indonesia Laili Rahayuwati Department of Community Health Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, Indonesia Efri Widianti Department of Mental Health Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, Indonesia 2022 10 02 2022 12 21 Background: Women prisoners are a population that is vulnerable to mental health problems. Women prisoners have a higher risk of mental health problems than women in the general population. So far, there have been very few studies with specific on women prisoner populations discussing mental health needs in prisons. The high prevalence of mental health problems in women prisoners is inseparable from meeting the mental health needs of women prisoners in prison. This review aimed to identify the mental health needs of women prisoners. Methods: A scoping review was used, a systematic search of the articles on Oxford Academic Journals, Emerald Insight, Science Direct, PubMed, and Google Scholar using the keywords “Mental Health” OR “Health” AND “Needs” OR “Needs Assessment” OR “Addressing Needs” AND “Female” OR “Woman” OR “Women” AND “Inmates” OR “Prisoners” OR “Offenders” OR “Convicts”. Results: A total of 10 out of 254 selected, were considered eligible for inclusion and the results showed that the six major themes of mental health needs of women prisoners were treatment of substance, drug, and alcohol abuse, support system, empathy, training, mental illness treatment and access to health services, and health intervention: therapy and counselling. Conclusion: It is recommended for further research to focus more on the problem of access to gender-based mental health services in prisons. https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/29981 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/29981/7850

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 52 2 2023 01 30 451 452 Melahat Melek Oğuz Department of Pediatrics, Dr. Sami Ulus Maternity and Children’s Health and Diseases Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey Esma Altinel Acoglu Department of Pediatrics, Dr. Sami Ulus Maternity and Children’s Health and Diseases Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey Fatma Zehra Oztek-Celebi Department of Pediatrics, Dr. Sami Ulus Maternity and Children’s Health and Diseases Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey Emine Polat Department of Pediatrics, Dr. Sami Ulus Maternity and Children’s Health and Diseases Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey Husniye Yucel Department of Pediatrics, Dr. Sami Ulus Maternity and Children’s Health and Diseases Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey Sanliay Sahin Department of Pediatrics, Dr. Sami Ulus Maternity and Children’s Health and Diseases Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey Meltem İleri Department of Pediatrics, Dr. Sami Ulus Maternity and Children’s Health and Diseases Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey Saliha Senel Department of Pediatrics, Dr. Sami Ulus Maternity and Children’s Health and Diseases Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey 2022 09 04 2022 12 18 No Abstract https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/29724 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/29724/7872

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 52 2 2023 01 30 334 339 Sain Sattar Safarova Department of Internal Medicine, Azerbaijan Medical University, Baku, Azerbaijan 2022 03 26 2022 06 29 Background: This study aimed to determine the directionality of changes in serum bone remodeling markers and bone mineral density in the pre- and postmenopausal women with diabetes mellitus. Methods: This study was carried out during the years 2016–2017 on the basis of Azerbaijan Medical University and included 142 pre- and postmenopausal women with type 1 and 2 diabetes mellitus (DM 1and DM2) were compared with 43 age-matched non-diabetics. The groups evaluated Ca2+, PTH, CT, 25(OH)D levels, serum bone remodeling markers (ALP, P1NP, b-CTx), lumbar spine, proximal and femoral neck areas using DXA assessment. Results: The results showed inconsistency observed between bone remodeling processes in women with diabetes. A negative correlation was observed between duration of diabetes and Lumbar T-scores (DM1: r = -0.568, P = 0.001; DM2: r = -0.267, P = 0.04). Lumbar T-scores was negatively correlated with b-CTx level (DM1: r = -0.452, P = 0.002; DM2: r = -0.357, P = 0.09). Postmenopausal groups with DM1 and DM2 were slightly higher b-CTx levels than premenopausal. Conclusion: The patients with DM2 compared to DM1 had higher average BMD at all measured areas. Bone fragility is the result not so much of a decrease in BMD, but alterations in bone microstructure, as indicated by the disregulation of bone remodeling markers. This suggests that patients with diabetes are at a higher risk of bone turnover disorders compared to individuals without diabetes, which does not necessarily correlate with differences in BMD. https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/28254 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/28254/7858

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 52 2 2023 01 30 254 264 Ali Yalfani Department of Sport Injuries and Corrective Exercises, School of Sport Sciences, Bu-ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran Mohamadreza Ahmadi Department of Sport Injuries and Corrective Exercises, School of Sport Sciences, Bu-ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran 2022 04 03 2022 05 30 Background: Vertical ground reaction force (VGRF) can lead to the development knee osteoarthritis. This review systematic and meta-analysis aimed to investigate the VGRF in patellofemoral pain patients (PFP) during weight bearing tasks. Methods: Search strategy was conducted in databases: Science Direct, Scopus, PubMed and Google Scholar from Sep 2020 to Jun 2021. The VGRF components we measured were passive impact (Fz1)/peak and propulsion/active peak (Fz2). The quality of the studies was evaluated with Down and Black index and it was divided into three groups: low quality (LQ), medium quality (MQ) and high quality (HQ). The standardized mean difference between PFP and healthy individuals was used to calculate the effect size. Results: Nine articles were selected for systematic review and meta-analysis of which 5 studies was HQ, 3 studies were MQ and 1 study was LQ were classified. PFP compared to healthy individuals with moderate and small effect size have reduced impact and propulsion respectively.  Conclusion: The in PFP, VGRF is influenced psychological, behavioral and biomechanical factors. Therefore, psychosomatic therapeutic approaches may have a long time effectiveness on the rehabilitation of PFP.   https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/28311 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/28311/7851

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 52 2 2023 01 30 340 349 EN Jongho Park Department of Public Health Administration, Gwangju University, Gwangju, South Korea Yeaeun Kim Department of Health Care Management, Catholic University of Pusan, Busan, South Korea 2021 01 28 2021 11 29 Background: Hypertension, diabetes, and hyperlipidemia are common chronic diseases in South Korea, and medication is a key factor in managing these diseases and preventing disease advancement to multimorbidity. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of chronic disease on medication intake and adherence among Koreans. Methods: This study was conducted utilizing data collected from 5,529 individuals that participated in the Korea Health Panel Survey (KHPS) in 2014-2017. The dependent variables were medication intake and adherence, and independent variables included socioeconomic status and the type of chronic disease. The differences in the medication intake and medication adherence by sociodemographic variables and the type of chronic disease were analyzed by chi-square test. The effect of hypertension, diabetes, and hyperlipidemia on medication intake and adherence was analyzed via multiple logistic regression using SAS statistical software. Results: The rate of medication intake and adherence were significantly different among patients with hypertension, diabetes, and hyperlipidemia, especially lower in patients with hyperlipidemia compared to those with hypertension and diabetes. In multiple logistic regression analysis, the probability of medication intake increased in female gender, older age, medical aid, medication adherence was higher in married, lower educational level and lower household income. Compared to hyperlipidemia, patients with hypertension and diabetes had more likely to take medication as prescribed. Conclusion: The importance of considering the type of chronic disease in developing and implementing public health programs aiming for improved medication adherence. Targeting better medication intake and adherence for each chronic disease could be a valuable policy strategy to effectively manage chronic diseases as well as prevent their complications. https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/23648 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/23648/7859

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 52 2 2023 01 30 265 277 EN Mohammad Frough Khosravi Department of Management Sciences and Health Economics, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Ali Mohammad Mosadeghrad Department of Management Sciences and Health Economics, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Mohammad Arab Department of Management Sciences and Health Economics, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran 2021 09 02 2022 06 19 Background: Governance is one of the critical functions of the health system. Good governance of the health system leads to better performance and outcomes. Evaluation is the first step to improving health system governance. Therefore, this research aimed to identify evaluation tools for health system governance. Methods: In the current scoping review, we searched all documents related to health system governance evaluation indexed in Medline, EMBASE, ProQuest, Scopus, Cochrane Library, Science Direct databases, and Google Scholar search engines to 2022, extracted, and assessed. Finally, documents were selected and analyzed by thematic analysis. Results: Thirty tools were found to evaluate health system governance. Among the proposed tools, 11 specific tools have been designed just for health system governance evaluation, while others have governance as a component of health system evaluation. Health system governance’s significant components are health policy-making, strategic planning, organizing, stewardship, and control. Indicators such as accountability, participation, transparency, equity, efficiency, accountability, corruption control, effectiveness, ethic, the rule of law, and sustainability could be used to evaluate the health system governance.  Conclusion: Different tools have been used to evaluate governance worldwide, and each governance evaluation tool has different components suitable for governance evaluation. However, these tools cannot fully evaluate governance and have shortcomings. A comprehensive evaluation of governance and sharing lessons denrael will affect the health system's capacity and ability to provide quality, safe and effective health services. It will lead to the stability of the health system.   https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/25737 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/25737/7852

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 52 2 2023 01 30 350 359 Shucai Wang Physical Examination Center, the Fourth Hospital, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China Fang Xu Physical Examination Center, the Fourth Hospital, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China Yanfang Wang Physical Examination Center, the Fourth Hospital, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China Han Wen Physical Examination Center, the Fourth Hospital, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China Mo Wang Physical Examination Center, the Fourth Hospital, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China Caixin Yuan Physical Examination Center, the Fourth Hospital, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China Xiaoli Xu Physical Examination Center, the Fourth Hospital, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China Yaqiang Du Physical Examination Center, the Fourth Hospital, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China 2022 09 27 2023 01 30 Background: We aimed to explore the risk factors of lung nodules and lung cancer in physical examination population with low-dose multi-slice spiral CT (LDCT) screening, to provide basis for lung cancer screening and follow-up management after CT examination. Methods: The general data, serum tumor markers and CT images of 2,274 patients underwent LDCT in the Physical Examination Center of the Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, China in 2019 were retrospectively analyzed and followed up for three years. Results: The detection rate of lung nodules was 48.42%. The detection rate of lung nodules was higher in females, those over 70, those with history of smoking, passive smoking, drinking, precious history of lung diseases and family history of malignant tumors, with statistically significant differences (P<0.05). The abnormal rate of serum tumor markers (CA199, CA125 female and CYFRA211) were higher than that in the non-nodule group, with statistically significant differences (P<0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that gender, age, history of smoking, passive smoking, family history of malignant tumors and serum tumor markers (CYFRA211 and CA199) were independent risk factors for the occurrence of lung nodules. Conclusion: Gender female, age>35, history of smoking, passive smoking, history of drinking, history of past lung disease, family history of malignant tumors, abnormal CYFRA211 tumor markers were detected and low dose multi-slice spiral CT image showed ground-glass nodules are risk factors for lung nodules and lung cancer, which should be paid close attention to during physical examination and follow-up.   https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/29927 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/29927/7860

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 52 2 2023 01 30 278 289 Siavash Etemadinezhad Department of Occupational Health Engineering, Faculty of Health, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran Arezoo Sammak Amani Department of Occupational Health Engineering, Faculty of Health, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran Mahmood Moosazadeh Health Sciences Research Center, Addiction Institute, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran Mehran Rahimlou Department of Nutrition, School of Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran Seyed Ehsan Samaei Department of Occupational Health Engineering, Faculty of Health, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran 2022 02 28 2022 06 10 Background: A large portion of Iranian Working Population (IWP) is becoming at risk of Occupational Noise-Induced Hearing Loss (ONIHL). Several primary studies have evaluated the prevalence of ONIHL in Iran with a variety of prevalence rates. We aimed to estimate the prevalence of ONIHL in the IWP using data from relevant studies. Methods: The present study is a meta-analysis and systematic review of previously published studies on ONIHL in Iran. Accordingly, the relevant articles published until Sep 1, 2021 were searched through PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar, together with Iranian scientific electronic databases. Heterogeneity between among the studies and data analysis was assessed using the I2 test and Random-Effect Model (REM) respectively. Results: Having performed a quality assessment, the meta-analysis was performed on the data from twenty-six studies involving a total of 85685 participants. The prevalence of ONIHL was observed to range from 12.9% to 60.5% in the reviewed studies. Moreover, after combining the results from the primary research by the Random Effects Model (REM) approach, the prevalence of ONIHL among IWP was estimated to be 34.69% (95% CI: 29.10, 40.28). Conclusion: ONIHL is a significant concern with regard to public and occupational health in Iran. The results also highlighted the urgent need for taking appropriate preventive and control measures in the workplaces; particularly by encouraging the employers and health-related policymakers to focus on preventive noise control techniques along with administrative and legislative approaches to mitigate the risk of developing ONIHL.   https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/28027 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/28027/7853

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 52 2 2023 01 30 360 370 EN Jeehye Jun School of Nursing, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA Dahye Park Department of Nursing, Semyung University, Jecheon-si, Chungcheongbuk-do, Republic of Korea 2021 09 10 2021 11 02 Background: South Korea has the fastest growing aging population in the world, and the Korean older adult population has been reported to have poor self-rated health (SRH). This cross-sectional descriptive survey aimed to examine the SRH and associated factors among the Korean older adult population using the 2019 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) data. Methods: The differences in SRH according to socioeconomic, health-related, and mental health-related factors and their relationships were analyzed using chi-square tests and logistic regression, using data from 1,521 older adults in Korea from the 8th KNHANES. Results: Self-rated health was higher among older adults with a high family income (odds ratio [OR]=1.58, 95% CI: 1.05−2.36), those who finished elementary school or lower as opposed to those with a middle school diploma (OR=0.52, 95% CI:0.29−0.95), those with a low body mass index (BMI) compared to those with a higher BMI (OR=0.43, 95% CI: 0.21−0.88), those with no unmet health needs (OR=2.00, 95% CI: 1.31−3.06), those with better diet-related circumstances (OR=1.98, 95% CI: 1.15−3.39), those with lower stress (OR=1.77, 95% CI: 1.28−2.44), those with no suicidal ideation (OR=2.92, 95% CI: 1.75−4.87), and those without a history of psychiatric counseling (OR=2.10, 95% CI: 1.02−4.34). Conclusion: The findings highlight the importance of health behaviors in promoting SRH among older adults in Korea, and emphasize the need for developing and implementing educational programs that reflect these findings. https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/26225 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/26225/7861

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 52 2 2023 01 30 290 305 Firoozeh Kermani Invasive Fungi Research Center, Communicable Diseases Institute, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran Mojtaba Taghizadeh‐Armaki Department of Medical Parasitology and Mycology, School of Medicine, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran Seyed Abdollah Hosseini Toxoplasmosis Research Center, Communicable Diseases Institute, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran Nasrin Amirrajab Department of Laboratory Sciences‚ School of Allied Medical Sciences‚ Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran Javad Javidnia Student Research Committee, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran Mahmoud Fami Zaghrami Knowledge-Based Darui Daneshgar Zolang Respina Pharmaceutical Company, Sari, Iran Tahereh Shokohi Invasive Fungi Research Center, Communicable Diseases Institute, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran 2022 04 06 2022 08 23 Background: The present systematic review aimed to investigate the drug susceptibility patterns of Iranian clinical Candida albicans isolates to antifungal drugs (azoles, polyenes, and echinocandins). Methods: Six electronic databases including “PubMed,” “Scopus,” “Web of Science,” “IranDoc”, “SID”, and “Magiran” were searched from May 2000 to June 2021. The susceptibility of 6322 C. albicans strains from 19967 patients against 14 antifungal drugs was evaluated according to CLSI method. Results: The pooled prevalence of antifungal resistance ranged from 0% to 26%. The lowest resistance levels among azoles were observed in luliconazole with a frequency of 0% and voriconazole of 3.94%. Conclusion: Due to the emergence of multi-drug resistant C. albicans, rational drug prescription based on the antifungal stewardship strategy and therapeutic drug monitoring is warranted.   https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/28337 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/28337/7854

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 52 2 2023 01 30 371 380 Myeong-Hun Bae Department of Elementary Education, Korea National University of Education, Cheongju, Republic of Korea 2022 12 20 2023 01 30 Background: This study aimed to verify the effectiveness of a virtual reality-based physical education program on physical fitness among Korean elementary school students. Methods: The study, conducted at a public school in South Korea in the second semester of 2022, included experimental and control groups of 45 participants each (N=90). All participants underwent physical fitness tests before and after the experiment. The students assigned to the experimental group participated in the virtual reality-based physical education program three times a week for a total of 8 weeks (40 minutes per session), while those assigned to the control group did not participate in any exercise program. The effect size was confirmed using Cohen's d, and a two-way repeated measures analysis of variance was used to analyze changes in physical factors before and after the experiment for each group. Results: Among the male participants, we observed significant differences in overall health-related physical fitness, cardiorespiratory endurance, muscular strength and endurance, and power between the experimental and control groups (P<0.05). Among the female participants, we observed significant differences in overall health-related physical fitness, cardiorespiratory endurance, flexibility, and muscular strength and endurance between the groups (P<0.05). Conclusion: Virtual reality-based physical education may help to improve indicators of physical fitness among elementary school students, especially among those who have experienced deterioration of physical fitness during the COVID-19 pandemic. Our results, therefore, highlight the need to establish virtual reality-based physical education facilities at the elementary school level in Korea.   https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/30723 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/30723/7862

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 52 2 2023 01 30 381 388 Hong Yang Department of Obstetrics, Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Hubei Province, Wuhan 430070, Hubei Province, China Yun Zhao Center of Communicable Diseases Control, Ministry of Health & Medical Education, Tehran, Iran Mohammad Bagher Rokni Department of Medical Parasitology and Mycology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran AND Research Center for Endemic Parasites of Iran, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran 2021 10 16 Background: Human hydatidosis as a public concern has increased in a number of countries that have reduced control programs for the disease due to lack of resources or policies. We aimed to estimate Disability-Adjusted Life Years (DALYs) for human hydatidosis in Iran in 2018. Methods: Data were collected from the Center of Communicable Diseases Control, Ministry of Health &Medical Education, Tehran, Iran in 2018. To calculate DALYs, years of life lost due to premature death (YLL) with years of life with disability (YLD) were calculated according to the formula as DALY = YLL + YLD. The standard life expectancy lost method (SEYLL) was used to calculate the years lost due to premature death. Results: DALYs for human hydatidosis was calculated as 1210.12 years (YLD equals to 177.12 and YLL equals to 1033) in Iran for the year 2018. It was estimated to be 700.2 years for men and 509.8 years for women.  DALYs in men were significantly different from women (P= 0.001) so DALYs were more in men than women were. YLD was calculated at 78.228 years in men and 98.892 years in women and in both men and women at 177.12 years. YLD was significantly different in women compared to men (P=0.001), so YLD in women was more than in men. Conclusion: We reached considerable indices for hydatidosis in our study. Therefore, disease prevention and control programs in Iran seem necessary by the policy makers. https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/26590 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/26590/7415

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 50 11 2021 10 16 2309 2316 Sara Emamgholipour Department of Health Management and Economics, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Mohammad Arab Department of Health Management and Economics, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Reza Shirani Department of Health Management and Economics, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran 2020 02 18 2020 07 11 Background: A set of experiences that leads to the destruction of individual’s self-esteem are the main causes of suicide. Socioeconomic factors can be reasons for this event. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the impact of socioeconomic variables on suicide. Methods: A panel data model was used to investigate the impact of socioeconomic indexes on the number of suicides in each province of Iran from 2001-2016. The data of socioeconomic variables were obtained from the statistical center of Iran, and data for the number of suicides in each province were obtained from the forensic science department. The analysis was conducted using estimated generalized least squares method by EViews version 8. Results: The lowest and highest number of suicides was in 2001 (4.97 per 100,000 populations) and 2004 (5.97 per 100,000 populations), respectively and the average rate of suicide from 2001 to 2013 was 1.01 also unemployment, divorce, and industrialization rates have high impact on suicides for both sexes in P<0.05. Conclusion: Living skills training should be provided to the members of the societies as a short-term plan and in the long-term, improving the economic condition of people should be conduct to reduce the number of suicides. https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/19742 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/19742/7417

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 50 11 2021 10 16 2317 2325 EN Mostafa Enayatrad Clinical Research Development Unit, Bahar Hospital, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran Parvin Yavari 1. Cancer Research Centre, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran 2. Department of Health & Community Medicine, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Hamid Vahedi Department of Clinical Sciences, School of Medicine, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran Sepideh Mahdavi Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran Koorosh Etemad Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Safety, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Soheila Khodakarim Department of Biostatistics, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran 2020 01 02 2020 08 20 Background: Colorectal cancer is one of the most common cancers in the world. This study aimed to determine the relationship between risk factors and the incidence of colorectal cancer in Urbanization levels in Iran. Methods: This was a population-based study. Urbanization levels were determined using the census data of the Statistical Center in 2012. Data on risk factors for colorectal cancer were obtained from the information provided by the Iranian Non-Communicable Disease Control Center and the incidence of colorectal cancer from the data from the National Cancer Registry System. Negative binomial regression analysis was used to determine the relationship between colorectal cancer risk factors and urbanization levels with colorectal cancer incidence. For statistical analysis, SPSS and Stata software were used. A significant level of P≤0.05 was considered. Results: The relationship between urbanization levels and risk factors with the incidence of colorectal cancer, nutrition Status, tobacco use, and body mass index were not significant. There was a significant relationship between physical activity and incidence at different levels and between levels of urbanization and incidence rate, indicating a lower incidence rate of colorectal cancer at lower levels of urbanization. Conclusion: Colorectal cancer incidence is higher at higher levels of urbanization than lower levels. The difference between regions in terms of urbanization can have in flounce on access to facilities, health service, and counseling opportunities to modify the risk factors and access to proper screening and follow-up care. https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/19317 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/19317/7418

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 50 11 2021 10 16 2326 2331 Hui Lv Department of Geriatrics, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310000, China JIn Liu Department of Geriatrics, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310000, China Ruoyu Zhang Department of Geriatrics, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310000, China 2020 10 20 2021 02 06 Chronic active Epstein-Barr virus infection (CAEBV) progresses rapidly in the later stage and has a poor prognosis. The treatments of CAEBV have no unified standard and a bad effect. Only few person could cure. It is important to diagnosis early. Metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) offers an effective means for the diagnosis of difficult, critical and rare pathogenic microbial infections. Here, we report a case of viral pleurisy caused by CAEBV identified by mNGS in an 88-year-old Chinese male patient. https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/22580 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/22580/7419

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 50 11 2021 10 16 2332 2336 Mohammad Reza Khalilian Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Mofid Children Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Ali Norouzi Pediatric Respiratory Diseases Research Center (PRDRC), National Research Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases (NRITLD), Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Hassan Zamani Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Seyed Khalil Forouzan Nia Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Erfan Niayesh Hospital, Tehran, Iran Somayyeh Noei Teymoordash Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran 2020 12 11 2021 03 06 Hydatid disease is a parasitic infection caused by Echinococcus granulosus. Cardiac involvement is rare especially without liver and lungs tissue involvement. We describe a 12-year-old male patient referred to Mofid Children's Hospital, Tehran, Iran in Jul 2020 due to chronic pericardial effusion and suspected tuberculosis infection from Afghanistan. Echocardiography revealed a cystic lesion in the interventricular septum. Thoracic and abdominal computed tomography showed no similar cystic lesion in the lungs and liver. The patient underwent open-heart surgery for cystectomy and medical treatment with albendazole. Histological examination confirmed hydatid cyst diagnosis. The patient was discharged in good condition and oral albendazole was continued. https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/23153 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/23153/7420

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 50 11 2021 10 16 2337 2338 Pavle Malovic Faculty for Sport and Physical Education, University of Montenegro, Niksic, Montenegro Dusko Bjelica Faculty for Sport and Physical Education, University of Montenegro, Niksic, Montenegro 2021 07 08 2021 09 08 No Abstract https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/25511 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/25511/7421

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 50 11 2021 10 16 2339 2340 Jung Hun Lee National Leading Research Laboratory, Department of Biological Sciences, Myongji University, Yongin, Gyeonggido 17058, Republic of Korea Tae Yeong Kim National Leading Research Laboratory, Department of Biological Sciences, Myongji University, Yongin, Gyeonggido 17058, Republic of Korea Sumera Kausar Malik National Leading Research Laboratory, Department of Biological Sciences, Myongji University, Yongin, Gyeonggido 17058, Republic of Korea Jeong Ho Jeon National Leading Research Laboratory, Department of Biological Sciences, Myongji University, Yongin, Gyeonggido 17058, Republic of Korea Young Bae Kim Biotechnology Program, North Shore Community College, Danvers, MA 01923, USA Sang Hee Lee National Leading Research Laboratory, Department of Biological Sciences, Myongji University, Yongin, Gyeonggido 17058, Republic of Korea 2019 04 20 2019 04 27 No Abstract https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/16915 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/16915/7422

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 50 11 2021 10 16 2341 2343 Mohammad Ashfikur Rahman Development Studies Discipline, Social Science School, Khulna University, Khulna, Bangladesh Mohammad Sazedur Rahman Statistics Discipline, Science, Engineering & Technology School, Khulna University, Khulna, Bangladesh Mohammad Hasan Howlader Development Studies Discipline, Social Science School, Khulna University, Khulna, Bangladesh 2019 06 02 2019 06 25 No Abstract https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/17331 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/17331/7423

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 50 11 2021 10 16 2344 2346 Checheong Ryew Department of Kinesiology, College of Natural Science, Jeju National University, Jeju, Republic of Korea SeungHyun Hyun Department of Kinesiology, College of Natural Science, Jeju National University, Jeju, Republic of Korea 2019 06 12 2019 06 25 No Abstract https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/17440 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/17440/7425

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 50 11 2021 10 16 2347 2348 Wenjie Sun 1. The Second Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Traditional Chinese Medical University, Fuzhou, China 2. Robert Stempel College of Public Health and Social Work, Florida International University, Miami, USA Thomas Breslin Department of Politics and International Affairs, Florida International University, Miami, USA 2019 02 18