Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 54 3 2025 03 04 578 588 EN Jung-Ha Park Department of Nursing, Dongseo University, Busan, Republic of Korea Heeyoung Jung Department of Nursing, Busan Women’s College, Busan, Republic of Korea Yeon Hee Lee Department of Nursing, Dong-Eui University, Busan, Republic of Korea Young Chul Choi Department of Liberal Art, Busan Women’s College, Busan, Republic of Korea Ki-Hyok Youn Department of Social Welfare, Tongmyong University, Busan, Republic of Korea 2024 11 23 2025 03 04 Background: This randomized and controlled pre- and post-test experimental study investigated the effects of a nonviolent communication education program on empathy, interpersonal relationships, stress, and resilience among Korean nursing students. Methods: We included 51 Korean nursing students from a university in Busan Metropolitan City, Republic of Korea, with 26 in the experimental group and 25 in the control group. Data were collected from May to August 2024, and the nonviolent communication education program was conducted for 8 hours daily. To confirm program effectiveness, the participants were asked to practice nonviolent communication during the 5 weeks of participation in the program, and a reflection journal was to be written daily. The collected data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, χ2-tests, independent t-tests, and a repeated-measures analysis of variance. Results: The over-time change in empathy and interpersonal relationship scores in the experimental group was significantly different from those in the control group (F=8.540, P<0.001 and F=3.654, P=0.029, respectively). However, the over-time change in stress and resilience scores in the experimental group was not significantly different from those in the control group (F=0.366, P=0.851 and F=0.256, P=0.775, respectively). Education programConclusion: The nonviolent communication education program was effective in promoting empathy and interpersonal relationships among nursing students. However, its effects on stress and resilience were not significant. Periodic implementation of the program coupled with stress-relief strategies may be effective. A long-term program must be implemented to verify changes in nursing students’ self-understanding. Moreover, further research is needed on the sustainability of the program’s effects. https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/37284 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/37284/8496

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 54 3 2025 03 04 454 464 Xu Cao Department of Healthcare Ward, Peking University People’s Hospital, Peking, China Chenxia Liu Department of Healthcare Ward, Peking University People’s Hospital, Peking, China Qiuyue Liu Department of Healthcare Ward, Peking University People’s Hospital, Peking, China Jian Gao 1. Department of Thoracic Surgery, Peking University People's Hospital, Peking, China 2. Thoracic Oncology Institute, Peking University People's Hospital, Peking, China Yan Wang Department of Healthcare Ward, Peking University People’s Hospital, Peking, China Feng Yang 1. Department of Thoracic Surgery, Peking University People's Hospital, Peking, China 2. Thoracic Oncology Institute, Peking University People's Hospital, Peking, China 2024 09 27 2024 11 25 Background: We aimed to appraise and compare the impact of inadequate nutrition in lung transplant recovery. Methods: Based on the inspection of the meta-analysis data, the odds ratio (OR) and mean difference (MD) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were derived by dichotomous random or fixed effect models. 6 papers with 1399 lung transplant who were available between 2020 and 2024 were comprised in this meta-analysis. Results: Frail had significantly higher hospital length of stay (MD, 2.80; 95% CI, 1.80-3.80, P< 0.001), and all-cause mortality (OR, 2.33; 95% CI, 1.40-3.87, P=0.001) compared to non-frail in subjects with lung transplant. However, no significant difference was found between frail and non-frail in intubation post-lung transplant (MD, 7.00; 95% CI, -17.52-31.52, P=0.58), and intensive care unit length of stay (MD, -1.70; 95% CI, -4.53- 1.14, P=0.24) in subjects with lung transplant. Conclusion: Using frail had significantly higher hospital length of stay, and all-cause mortality, however, no significant difference was found in intubation post-lung transplant, and intensive care unit length of stay compared to non-frail in subjects with lung transplant However, given that comparisons comprised a small number of studies, attention ought to be given to their values. https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/36745 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/36745/8485

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 54 3 2025 03 04 663 664 EN Jong Sung Kim College of General Education for Truth, Sincerity, and Love, Kyonggi University, Suwon, South Korea Hyun-chul Kang College of Creative Engineering, Kyonggi University, Suwon, South Korea Myoung Eun Park Department of Physical Education, Korea National Sport University, Seoul, South Korea 2024 05 09 2024 09 23 No Abstract. Not Abstract.  https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/35447 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/35447/8505

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 54 3 2025 03 04 589 597 Liping Dai General Education College, Fuzhou Polytechnic, Fuzhou, China Bingjin Su General Education College, Fuzhou Polytechnic, Fuzhou, China Qiang Liu Department of Physical Education, Xiamen Institute of Technology, Xiamen, China 2025 01 19 2025 03 04 Background: Due to economic development and lifestyle changes, childhood obesity and psychological problems are becoming increasingly prominent. However, only a few studies have investigated the available psychological interventions for obese children. In this study, an eight-week empirical research on obese children was conducted where rational-emotive therapy was combined with group exercise. Methods: A total of 110 obese children from 2 public primary schools in Fujian Province, China were selected via cluster random sampling. They were randomly divided into an experimental group and a control group, with 55 children in each group. The experimental group received an integrated intervention dominated by rational-emotive therapy, while the control group did not receive any intervention. After eight weeks of intervention, a comparative measurement was conducted on both groups. Results: The decrease in BMI observed in the experimental group was significantly greater than that observed in the control group, and such difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). The decrease in depression observed in the experimental group was greater than that observed in the control group, and such difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). The experimental group reported reductions in all eight factors of metal health after the intervention, and the differences were statistically significant (P<0.001). Conclusion: The proposed intervention model can effectively reduce obese children’s BMI and depression levels and improve their mental health. The results of this study provide scientific basis for the timely prevention of childhood obesity and negative psychological problems. https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/37882 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/37882/8497

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 54 3 2025 03 04 465 477 Xiaomin Xian Department of Geriatric Endocrinology and Metabolism, Guangxi Academy of Medical Sciences and the People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, China Yanping Zhang Department of Geriatric Endocrinology and Metabolism, Guangxi Academy of Medical Sciences and the People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, China Guifen Fu Department of Nursing, Guangxi Academy of Medical Sciences and the People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, China Ziqiang Li Department of Geriatric Endocrinology and Metabolism, Guangxi Academy of Medical Sciences and the People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, China Jingfeng Chen Department of Geriatric Endocrinology and Metabolism, Guangxi Academy of Medical Sciences and the People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, China Miao Wang Otolaryngology Head and Neck Department, Guangxi Academy of Medical Sciences and the People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, China Qiuping Zheng Department of Geriatric Endocrinology and Metabolism, Guangxi Academy of Medical Sciences and the People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, China 2024 10 23 2025 01 25 Background: The oral health-related quality of life in diabetic patients is regarded as a significant factor for assessing their dental health. This study aimed to examine the current research state, frequently utilized research instruments, and factors impacting the oral health quality of life in individuals with diabetes. Methods: Our review was conducted according to the PRISMA extended guidelines for scoping review. We conducted a literature review on the oral health and quality of life of diabetic patients using PubMed, Embase, and additional databases. This research proposal has been formally submitted to the Open Science Framework. Results: Out of 3827 materials, merely 17 publications satisfied the review requirements for our study. The search period extended from the inception of the library until Feb 5, 2024. The research encompassed seven countries, including China, the United States, and Iran, utilizing the Oral Health Evaluation Index for the Elderly and the Oral Health Impact Scale as prevalent assessment instruments. The quality of life connected to oral health was predominantly low among diabetic patients, influenced by socio-demographic characteristics, oral health status, biochemical indicators, psychosocial elements, lifestyle choices, and oral-related factors. Conclusion: The oral health-related quality of life among diabetic patients is typically diminished. Oral health care professionals must devise strategies to promptly identify, assess, and manage the factors influencing the oral health-related quality of life in diabetic patients, while incorporating necessary preventive measures and screenings to enhance oral disease prevention in routine evaluations. https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/37001 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/37001/8486

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 54 3 2025 03 04 665 666 Hye Sun Park Major in Health and Sports Education, Graduate School of Education, Busan National University of Education, Busan, South Korea Sung-Bum Ju Department of Physical Education, Busan National University of Education, Busan, South Korea 2024 07 31 2024 09 30 No Abstract. Not abstract.  https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/36217 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/36217/8506

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 54 3 2025 03 04 598 606 EN Alper Ateş Department of Tourism Guidance, Faculty of Tourism, Selçuk University, Konya, Türkiye Beyza Erer Department of Human Resources Management, Söke Faculty of Business Administration, Adnan Menderes University, Aydın, Türkiye 2024 06 01 2024 11 11 Background: Smartphone addiction, a growing issue affecting Generation X, Y, and Z, is characterized by excessive use of applications, leading to counterproductive behaviors like virtual shifting. This study aimed to investigate the moderating role of generation differences (X and Y) in the effect of smartphone addiction on cyberloafing behaviors. Methods: Participants included 423 bank employees and volunteers, with 214 from the X generation and 209 from the Y generation, from three provinces in Turkey. Participants were selected through simple random sampling, and data were gathered using Google Forms between February and Mar 2024. The data were analyzed using SPSS 25 and AMOS 25 software. Results: The analysis indicated that a significant positive correlation between smartphone addiction and cyberloafing behaviors. Furthermore, smartphone addiction was found to have a positive impact on cyberloafing behaviors, with no generational differences in this association. Conclusion: The study results highlight the importance of smartphone addiction in the workplace, as it leads to an increase in cyberloafing behavior.  https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/35683 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/35683/8498

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 54 3 2025 03 04 478 488 Yan Zhu Department of Gastroenterology, Beijing Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Beijing, 100039, China Quanxi Liu Department of Gastroenterology, Beijing Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Beijing, 100039, China 2024 06 30 2024 09 05 Background: We aimed to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of Shaoyao Tang in treating ulcerative colitis (UC) through a randomized controlled meta-analysis. Methods: Computer searches were conducted between Jan 2000 and Mar 2023 using the databases of CNKI, VIP, PubMed, the Cochrane Library, Wanfang and Web of Science in search of trials with randomization and control including Shaoyao decoction in UC. After quality assessment, The Revman 5.3 was applied. Results: Overall, 23 articles were selected for the study totally. Shaoyao decoction improved clinical effective rate (P<0.001) and effective rate of syndrome (P<0.001), IBDQ (P<0.001), interleukin-4 (P<0.001) and interleukin-10 (P<0.001), reduced adverse reactions (P=0.004), recurrence rate (P=0.03), DAI (P<0.001), tumour necrosis component α (P<0.001), interleukin-1β (P<0.001), interleukin-6 (P<0.001), and extremely sensitive C-reactive protein (P=0.02). Conclusion: Shaoyao decoction has certain advantages and good safety in the treatment of UC; however the findings still need to be supported by excellent studies. https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/35928 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/35928/8487

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 54 3 2025 03 04 667 669 Byung Hoon Woo Department of Physical Education, Kyonggi University, Suwon-si, South Korea 2024 07 01 2024 09 01 Not Abstract. No.  https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/35933 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/35933/8507

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 54 3 2025 03 04 607 614 Leila chalova 1. LLP “М1” Health and Science Center, 010011, Astana, Kazakhstan 2. Higher School of Public Health, Kazakhstan Medical University, Almaty, Kazakhstan Vyacheslav Lokshin ICCR “Persona”, 050060, Almaty, Kazakhstan Vladimir Kiyan National Center of Biotechnology, 010000, Astana, Kazakhstan Botagoz Turdaliyeva National Center of Biotechnology, 010000, Astana, Kazakhstan Karlygash Zhybanisheva Higher School of Public Health, Kazakhstan Medical University, Almaty, Kazakhstan Arman Kinzhibayev LLP “М1” Health and Science Center, 010011, Astana, Kazakhstan 2024 04 05 2024 09 19 Background: A number of important problems remain unresolved in the field of assisted reproductive technologies (ART) using germ cells from a single donor. We aimed to assess attitudes about the use of sex gamete donation in ART in different social groups including medical workers, oocyte recipients, and oocyte donors. Methods: To achieve this goal, we surveyed 286 participants from seven countries. Of them, 190 were medical workers from ART clinics (respondents from seven countries), 45 were oocyte recipients, and 51 were oocyte donors. Results: The main motive for oocyte donation was financial compensation, which draws attention to the social disadvantage of the donor population. Medical workers with more than 5 years of work experience (79.7%) supported the use of programs tracking donor sex cells and limiting the use of oocyte donors. Conclusion: The willingness and consent of the surveyed medical workers and oocyte recipients to use the donor material and create a unified registry of donor sex cells demonstrates the importance of this issue.   https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/35112 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/35112/8499

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 54 3 2025 03 04 489 498 Sehar Iqbal College of Pharmacy, Al-Ain University, Abu Dhabi Campus, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates Zoha Imtiaz Malik Department of Public Health, Health Services Academy, Islamabad, Pakistan Umar Farooq Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, National University of Medical Sciences (NUMS), Rawalpindi, Pakistan Juweria Abid Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, National University of Medical Sciences (NUMS), Rawalpindi, Pakistan Hassan Bin Usman Shah Research and Development Solutions (RADS), Islamabad, Pakistan Abdul Momin Rizwan Ahmad Department of Human Nutrition & Dietetics, School of Health Sciences, National University of Sciences & Technology (NUST), Islamabad, Pakistan 2024 04 25 2024 10 06 Sugar sweetened beverages (SSBs) have become a cause of concern because of their growing consumption levels across age groups and associated chronic diseases such as diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular diseases and cancers. The aim of this review was to provide a detailed profile of the SSBs trends and associated health risk, with special focus on its role in breast cancer development. A review of current literature has depicted increased intakes of SSBs across the globe with servings ranging from 3 to 11 per day in different countries, while children, adolescents and young adults report the highest intake levels. These increased intakes further contribute to different metabolic diseases via increased body adiposity, blood glucose and insulin levels, and increased post-menopausal estrogen levels, all of which contribute to chronic diseases, including cancers. Nutrition interventions including ones that target SSBs reduction seem to have a positive impact on reducing the development of these non-communicable diseases and are also associated with better prognosis and survival chances in cancer patients. However, the implementation of SSBs taxation and mass awareness campaign interventions remains poor due to lack of policy development and regulation for these beverages. The control of SSBs intake across the world requires rigorous research to construct efficient and practical policies to reduce the accessibility and marketing of SSBs while simultaneously increasing awareness in the public regarding the health risks of these beverages. To achieve this, a coordinated approach involving different public and private sectors is needed.  https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/35340 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/35340/8488

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 54 3 2025 03 04 670 671 Betül Battaloğlu Inanç Department of Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Muğla Sıtkı Koçman University, Muğla, Türkiye 2024 11 08 2024 11 18 No Abstract. https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/37142 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/37142/8508

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 54 3 2025 03 04 615 623 Hasmi Hasmi Specialization in Epidemiology, Faculty of Public Health, Cenderawasih University, Jayapura City, Papua, Indonesia Mona Safitri Fatiah Reproductive Health Specialization, Faculty of Public Health, Cenderawasih University, Jayapura City, Papua, Indonesia M. Zaenul Muttaqin Public Administration Study Program, Faculty of Social and Political Sciences, Cenderawasih University, Jayapura City, Papua, Indonesia 2023 06 29 2024 09 01 Background: The prevalence of sexually transmitted infections in men who have sex with men (MSM) is higher than in other communities. We aimed to Uncovering the risk of sexually transmitted infections in MSM in Indonesia. Methods: We adopted a cross-sectional design carried out in 24 provinces in Indonesia from March-May 2023, using secondary data from the 2018-2019 Integrated Biological Behavior Survey (IBBS). The population consisted of MSM who had sex with men totaling 6,000 people. A total of 4,290 samples were selected using Respondent Driven Sampling (RDS). The data obtained were analyzed with chi-square and logistic regression models of risk factors. Results: The prevalence of STIs in MSM was 20.9%. Marital status, consistency of condom use (P<0.01), how to get condoms (P<0.001), and STIs examination (P<0.001) had a significant association with the incidence of STIs among MSM from 2018 – 2019. Meanwhile, the use of lubricant during sex association had no significant relationship with the incidence of STIs. Vaginal and anal sexual intercourse had a significant relationship with the incidence of STIs, where MSM who CI95% (had their first anal sex between the ages of 25-49 years (P<0.001), AOR=2.26 and vaginal sex at the age of ≥50 years were more at risk of experiencing STIs (P<0.017), AOR=1.33. Conclusion: Marital status, consistency of condom use, how to get condoms, and STIs examination, vaginal and anal sexual intercourse had a significant association with the incidence of STIs among MSM. https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/32495 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/32495/8500

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 54 3 2025 03 04 499 508 EN Rahayu Othman Department of Public Health Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Yaacob Latif, Bandar Tun Razak, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia Nazarudin Safian Department of Public Health Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Yaacob Latif, Bandar Tun Razak, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia Mohd Rohaizat Hassan Department of Public Health Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Yaacob Latif, Bandar Tun Razak, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia 2024 01 24 2024 08 24 Background: Tuberculosis (TB) control programs confront a significant challenge in ensuring patients fully adhere to their treatment regimens. Video-observed therapy (VOT) is an alternative digital technology for monitoring tuberculosis treatment that may potentially improve adherence and clinical outcomes. However, there is limited evidence supporting the effectiveness and acceptability of VOT. This scoping review aimed to summarize the characteristics of existing evidence-based VOT for tuberculosis treatment monitoring and to describe the evidence for their effectiveness and acceptability. Methods: This review was conducted using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) extension for scoping review protocol in Jan 2023. Three databases, namely PubMed, Web of Science, and SCOPUS, were used in this review. Results: The search identified 170 articles, and after the identification and screening process, 22 articles were included in this review. The findings were categorized into effectiveness and acceptability. Conclusion: There is a progressively growing body of evidence, particularly in treating and monitoring TB using VOT, which has a positive impact on improving effectiveness regarding health outcomes and is widely accepted to implement. Future studies, such as non-inferiority trials and cost-effectiveness evaluations, will help improve tuberculosis strategies and management. https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/34408 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/34408/8489

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 54 3 2025 03 04 672 674 Hassan Karami Department of Virology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Fatemeh Ghafoori Ghahderijani Department of Virology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Aida Abbasi Department of Virology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Somayeh Yaghoobizad Department of Virology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Ali Qaraee Najafabadi Department of Biochemistry, School of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran 2024 10 14 2024 11 18 No Abstract. https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/36919 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/36919/8509

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 54 3 2025 03 04 624 633 Soukaina Azil 1. Immunopathology-Immunotherapy-Immunomonitoring Laboratory, Mohammed VI University of Sciences and Health, Casa-blanca 82403, Morocco 2. Laboratory of Medical Analysis and Reproductive Biology, Labomac, Casablanca, Morocco Modou Mbaye 1. Immunopathology-Immunotherapy-Immunomonitoring Laboratory, Mohammed VI University of Sciences and Health, Casa-blanca 82403, Morocco 2. Laboratory of Medical Analysis and Reproductive Biology, Labomac, Casablanca, Morocco Hasnaa Jelloul Laboratory of Medical Analysis and Reproductive Biology, Labomac, Casablanca, Morocco Moncef Benkhalifa Picardie Jules Verne University, Reproductive Medicine and Biology. University Hospital and Faculty of Medicine and PER-ITOX Laboratory, CURS. Amiens, France Noureddine Louanjli Laboratory of Medical Analysis and Reproductive Biology, Labomac, Casablanca, Morocco Bouchra Ghazi 1. Immunopathology-Immunotherapy-Immunomonitoring Laboratory, Mohammed VI University of Sciences and Health, Casablanca 82403, Morocco 2. IVF Laboratory, Department of Reproductive Medicine, Mohammed VI International University Hospital, Bouskoura 27182, Morocco 3. Mohammed VI Center for Research and Innovation (CM6RI), Rabat, Morocco 2024 03 31 wed that gender, age, history of smoking, passive smoking, family history of malignant tumors and serum tumor markers (CYFRA211 and CA199) were independent risk factors for the occurrence of lung nodules. Conclusion: Gender female, age>35, history of smoking, passive smoking, history of drinking, history of past lung disease, family history of malignant tumors, abnormal CYFRA211 tumor markers were detected and low dose multi-slice spiral CT image showed ground-glass nodules are risk factors for lung nodules and lung cancer, which should be paid close attention to during physical examination and follow-up.   https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/29927 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/29927/7860

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 52 2 2023 01 30 278 289 Siavash Etemadinezhad Department of Occupational Health Engineering, Faculty of Health, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran Arezoo Sammak Amani Department of Occupational Health Engineering, Faculty of Health, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran Mahmood Moosazadeh Health Sciences Research Center, Addiction Institute, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran Mehran Rahimlou Department of Nutrition, School of Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran Seyed Ehsan Samaei Department of Occupational Health Engineering, Faculty of Health, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran 2022 02 28 2022 06 10 Background: A large portion of Iranian Working Population (IWP) is becoming at risk of Occupational Noise-Induced Hearing Loss (ONIHL). Several primary studies have evaluated the prevalence of ONIHL in Iran with a variety of prevalence rates. We aimed to estimate the prevalence of ONIHL in the IWP using data from relevant studies. Methods: The present study is a meta-analysis and systematic review of previously published studies on ONIHL in Iran. Accordingly, the relevant articles published until Sep 1, 2021 were searched through PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar, together with Iranian scientific electronic databases. Heterogeneity between among the studies and data analysis was assessed using the I2 test and Random-Effect Model (REM) respectively. Results: Having performed a quality assessment, the meta-analysis was performed on the data from twenty-six studies involving a total of 85685 participants. The prevalence of ONIHL was observed to range from 12.9% to 60.5% in the reviewed studies. Moreover, after combining the results from the primary research by the Random Effects Model (REM) approach, the prevalence of ONIHL among IWP was estimated to be 34.69% (95% CI: 29.10, 40.28). Conclusion: ONIHL is a significant concern with regard to public and occupational health in Iran. The results also highlighted the urgent need for taking appropriate preventive and control measures in the workplaces; particularly by encouraging the employers and health-related policymakers to focus on preventive noise control techniques along with administrative and legislative approaches to mitigate the risk of developing ONIHL.   https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/28027 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/28027/7853

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 52 2 2023 01 30 360 370 EN Jeehye Jun School of Nursing, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA Dahye Park Department of Nursing, Semyung University, Jecheon-si, Chungcheongbuk-do, Republic of Korea 2021 09 10 2021 11 02 Background: South Korea has the fastest growing aging population in the world, and the Korean older adult population has been reported to have poor self-rated health (SRH). This cross-sectional descriptive survey aimed to examine the SRH and associated factors among the Korean older adult population using the 2019 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) data. Methods: The differences in SRH according to socioeconomic, health-related, and mental health-related factors and their relationships were analyzed using chi-square tests and logistic regression, using data from 1,521 older adults in Korea from the 8th KNHANES. Results: Self-rated health was higher among older adults with a high family income (odds ratio [OR]=1.58, 95% CI: 1.05−2.36), those who finished elementary school or lower as opposed to those with a middle school diploma (OR=0.52, 95% CI:0.29−0.95), those with a low body mass index (BMI) compared to those with a higher BMI (OR=0.43, 95% CI: 0.21−0.88), those with no unmet health needs (OR=2.00, 95% CI: 1.31−3.06), those with better diet-related circumstances (OR=1.98, 95% CI: 1.15−3.39), those with lower stress (OR=1.77, 95% CI: 1.28−2.44), those with no suicidal ideation (OR=2.92, 95% CI: 1.75−4.87), and those without a history of psychiatric counseling (OR=2.10, 95% CI: 1.02−4.34). Conclusion: The findings highlight the importance of health behaviors in promoting SRH among older adults in Korea, and emphasize the need for developing and implementing educational programs that reflect these findings. https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/26225 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/26225/7861

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 52 2 2023 01 30 290 305 Firoozeh Kermani Invasive Fungi Research Center, Communicable Diseases Institute, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran Mojtaba Taghizadeh‐Armaki Department of Medical Parasitology and Mycology, School of Medicine, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran Seyed Abdollah Hosseini Toxoplasmosis Research Center, Communicable Diseases Institute, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran Nasrin Amirrajab Department of Laboratory Sciences‚ School of Allied Medical Sciences‚ Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran Javad Javidnia Student Research Committee, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran Mahmoud Fami Zaghrami Knowledge-Based Darui Daneshgar Zolang Respina Pharmaceutical Company, Sari, Iran Tahereh Shokohi Invasive Fungi Research Center, Communicable Diseases Institute, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran 2022 04 06 2022 08 23 Background: The present systematic review aimed to investigate the drug susceptibility patterns of Iranian clinical Candida albicans isolates to antifungal drugs (azoles, polyenes, and echinocandins). Methods: Six electronic databases including “PubMed,” “Scopus,” “Web of Science,” “IranDoc”, “SID”, and “Magiran” were searched from May 2000 to June 2021. The susceptibility of 6322 C. albicans strains from 19967 patients against 14 antifungal drugs was evaluated according to CLSI method. Results: The pooled prevalence of antifungal resistance ranged from 0% to 26%. The lowest resistance levels among azoles were observed in luliconazole with a frequency of 0% and voriconazole of 3.94%. Conclusion: Due to the emergence of multi-drug resistant C. albicans, rational drug prescription based on the antifungal stewardship strategy and therapeutic drug monitoring is warranted.   https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/28337 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/28337/7854

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 52 2 2023 01 30 371 380 Myeong-Hun Bae Department of Elementary Education, Korea National University of Education, Cheongju, Republic of Korea 2022 12 20 2023 01 30 Background: This study aimed to verify the effectiveness of a virtual reality-based physical education program on physical fitness among Korean elementary school students. Methods: The study, conducted at a public school in South Korea in the second semester of 2022, included experimental and control groups of 45 participants each (N=90). All participants underwent physical fitness tests before and after the experiment. The students assigned to the experimental group participated in the virtual reality-based physical education program three times a week for a total of 8 weeks (40 minutes per session), while those assigned to the control group did not participate in any exercise program. The effect size was confirmed using Cohen's d, and a two-way repeated measures analysis of variance was used to analyze changes in physical factors before and after the experiment for each group. Results: Among the male participants, we observed significant differences in overall health-related physical fitness, cardiorespiratory endurance, muscular strength and endurance, and power between the experimental and control groups (P<0.05). Among the female participants, we observed significant differences in overall health-related physical fitness, cardiorespiratory endurance, flexibility, and muscular strength and endurance between the groups (P<0.05). Conclusion: Virtual reality-based physical education may help to improve indicators of physical fitness among elementary school students, especially among those who have experienced deterioration of physical fitness during the COVID-19 pandemic. Our results, therefore, highlight the need to establish virtual reality-based physical education facilities at the elementary school level in Korea.   https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/30723 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/30723/7862

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 52 2 2023 01 30 381 388 Hong Yang Department of Obstetrics, Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Hubei Province, Wuhan 430070, Hubei Province, China Yun Zhao Department of Obstetrics, Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Hubei Province, Wuhan 430070, Hubei Province, China Jiahui Tu Department of Obstetrics, Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Hubei Province, Wuhan 430070, Hubei Province, China Yanan Chang Department of Women's Health Care, Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Hubei Province, Wuhan 430070, Hubei Prov-ince, China Chanyun Xiao Department of Obstetrics, Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Hubei Province, Wuhan 430070, Hubei Province, China 2022 09 16 2022 10 03 Background: We aimed to explore the effect of lifestyle interventions on improving lifestyle behaviors on gestational weight gain in pregnant women with normal body mass index (BMI). Methods: The study was conducted in Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Hubei Province (Wuhan, China) between June 2020 and April 2022. A total of 355 pregnant women (<12 weeks of pregnancy) were enrolled and finally completed the program. Participants were divided into the intervention and control groups. The intervention group received an individualized lifestyle intervention focusing on healthy lifestyle, like diet, exercise, and weight monitoring as four sessions at 16–18, 20–24, 28-30 and 34 weeks’ gestation. Participants in the control group received routine antenatal care. The weight of both group was recorded from pregnancy until 6-8 weeks postpartum. Results: The participants in the intervention group with normal pre-pregnancy BMI (n = 178) had lower GWG, excessive GWG, hypertension, and neonate birth weight compared to the control group (n = 177, P< 0.01). There were no statistically significant differences in the occurrence of gestational diabetes, premature labor, delivery mode, preterm birth, small for gestational age, macrosomia, number of neonates referred to the NICU, and postpartum weight retention. Conclusion: Even though lifestyle intervention in pregnant women with normal BMI has a relatively limited effect, attention should still be paid to reasonable weight gain during pregnancy and the potential long-term impact of the intervention remains to be assessed. https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/29835 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/29835/7863

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 52 2 2023 01 30 389 398 Mohsen Saboor Department of Nutrition, School of Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Mahsa Samadani 1. Student Research Committee, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran 2. Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran 3. Department of Nutrition, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran Ahmad Zare Javid 1. Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ah-vaz, Iran 2. Department of Nutrition, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Scienc-es, Ahvaz, Iran Parvaneh Kazemi Department of Physiology, Tehran Markaz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran Morteza Sharifat 1. Student Research Committee, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran 2. Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ah-vaz, Iran 3. Department of Nutrition, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Scienc-es, Ahvaz, Iran Hossein Bavi Behbahani 1. Student Research Committee, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran 2. Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ah-vaz, Iran 3. Department of Nutrition, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran Bahman Cheraghian Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Faculty of Public Health, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran 2021 09 11 2021 11 18 Background: Estimating Fat-Free Mass (FFM) is an integral part of Body composition measurements, so obtaining an accurate estimation for evaluating FFM is critical for researchers and specialists. We aimed to develop and validate a simple equation for predicting FFM in the adult population. Methods: Participants were 1996 adults (1085 men and 911 women), and 18 to 69 years old from Ahvaz City, southern Iran. They were randomly divided into the derivation (n=1396) and the validation (n=600) groups with no significant differences from Jan 2018 to Feb 2020. FFM was measured by Bioelectrical Impedance Analyzer (BIA) (InBody 770©; Biospace, Seoul, South Korea). Based on the demographic variables retrieved from the Derivation group, 8 FFM predictive equations were developed using multiple regression; finally, the most accurate model (using the coefficient of determination (R2)) was chosen and then validated on the Validation group for more evaluation. Results: The best equation derived from demographic characteristics was: " FFM= 0.28 × Weight (kg) + 0.57×Height (cm)+7.35×Sex (M=1, F=0)+0.03×Age (years)-70.61"; where sex = 1 for male and 0 for female. R=0.94, R2=0.89, standard error of the estimate=4.04 kg. Conclusion: Our developed and cross-validated anthropometric prediction equation for fat-free mass estimation using BIA attained a high coefficient of determination, a low standard error of the estimate, and the lowermost coefficient of variation. Predictive equations may be reliable and valuable alternative methods for the clinical evaluation of fat-free mass in the adult population. https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/26238 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/26238/7864

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 52 2 2023 01 30 399 406 Hesam Ghiasvand Warwick Evidence, Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK Jebreil Shamseddin Infectious and Tropical Diseases Research Center, Hormozgan Health Institute, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Ban-dar Abbas, Iran Seyran Naghdi National Center for Health Insurance Research, Tehran, Iran Akbar Biglarian Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Social Determinants of Health Research Center, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran 2021 03 03 2021 10 27 Background: HIV/AIDS is a leading cause of mortality and morbidity in Low-and-Middle-Income-Countries (LMICs). It might potentially lead to an economic burden on the health system. There is no certainty about the prevalence of HIV/AIDS in Iran. Therefore, we aimed to estimate the cost of illness of HIV/AIDS in Iran. Methods: We applied a societal perspective to capture the direct and indirect costs attributed to HIV/AIDS in Iran. We used data for age-standardized prevalence produced by the country HIV/AIDS Surveillance System for 2018. The study estimated both direct and indirect costs for a hypothetical cohort of the Iranian adult population (here equates to all registered cases with Surveillance System). For mitigating the uncertainty around the estimations, we have used an optimistic and pessimistic analysis. Results: The base case scenario showed that total direct costs and indirect costs attributed to the HIV/AIDS were US$7,946,530 and US$ 1,288,586 at the end of 2018. Moreover, the total cost is 8,785,116 US$. Conclusion: Direct costs have formed approximately 85% of total costs. The policymakers and planners should consider that these costs are only related to diagnosed or registered infected populations. These costs will be raised dramatically with increasing the diagnosed patients.   https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/24062 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/24062/7865

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 52 2 2023 01 30 407 419 Mina Asadollahi Department of Pharmacoeconomic and Pharmaceutical Management, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran Ali Darvishi 1. Chronic Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran 2. Department of Health Management and Economics, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Amirreza Azimi Multiple Sclerosis Research Center, Neuroscience Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Majid Annabi Department of Pharmacoeconomic and Pharmaceutical Management, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran Zahra Jafariazar Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran Ramin Heshmat Chronic Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sci-ences, Tehran, Iran 2021 08 14 2021 10 27 Background: Due to the invariably progressive nature of multiple sclerosis (MS) and the high economic burden of chronic diseases, this study was performed to estimate the economic burden of MS medications in Iran. Methods: The present research is a descriptive study performed using comprehensive national data of Iran’s Health Insurance Organization (IHIO). The timeframe for study was 2011-2019. In order to calculate the economic burden of MS medications, the cost of illness (COI) method based on the prevalence approach was used. In this study, economic burden estimation was performed according to available data on medication costs. Data mining was also used to perform different stages of study. Results: The number of patients receiving MS medications covered by IHIO has increased from 19,367 in 2011 to 50,642 in 2019. The economic burden of MS medications of patients covered by the IHIO increased from $81 million to $96 million between 2011 and 2019, respectively. Among the 9 medications studied, Interferon accounted for a very high share of costs in all years. The cost per patient receiving medication has also increased from $7,000 in 2011 to $18,000 in 2019. Conclusion: Calculations of the economic burden of MS medications in Iran showed an upward trend during the 9 years of the study, which due to the increasing number of patients in Iran, the arrival of new medications and also the increase in prices. https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/25943 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/25943/7866

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 52 2 2023 01 30 420 426 EN Shirin Hasani-Ranjbar Obesity and Eating Habits Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Med-ical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Rezvan Razmandeh Obesity and Eating Habits Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Med-ical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Robabeh Ghodssi-Ghassemabadi Department of Biostatistics, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran Marjan Khodabakhshi Nephrology Ward of Shariati Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Mahbube Ebrahimpour Elderly Health Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran 2021 06 03 2021 10 06 Background: Calculating and predicting the risk of disease plays an important role in preventive medicine. Today, some risk scores have been designed to estimate the risk of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) by assessing different factors. Obesity is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease, so we decided to calculate the possible risk of heart disease in obese Iranian people to suggest a more accurate calculator. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, we compared the data of 289 people from Framingham Risk Score and ASCVD Risk Score calculations who had been referred to Shariati Hospital Obesity Clinic, Tehran, Iran from 2016 to 2019. In the form of sub-goals, we examined other factors such as blood pressure and hepatic aminotransferases, etc. Results: The mean age of participants was 51.20±7.58 years, 86.2% being women. Of the whole, 19.72%, 31.83%, 21.11%, and 27.34% were categorized as overweight, Obese I, II, and III, respectively. According to the ASCVD score 80.3%, 4.8%, and 14.9%, and according to the Framingham score 95.5%, 3.5%, and 1% were classified as low-risk, intermediate-risk, and high-risk. Moreover, a fair agreement was observed between the two-risk score in the whole (Kappa=0.236; P<0.001), overweight (Kappa=0.304; P=0.028), Obese I (Kappa=0.210; P=0.048), Obese II (Kappa=0.268; P=0.015), and obese III (Kappa=0.202; P=0.023). Conclusion: Despite its age limit, ASCVD has a higher risk of CVDs, causing statin care (which has a protective role for cardiovascular disease) to be given to a larger population. https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/24832 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/24832/7867

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 52 2 2023 01 30 427 435 Mozhgan Sadat Akhtar Department of Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran Akram Gholipour Cardiogenetic Research Center, Rajaie Cardiovascular Medical and Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Mahrokh Bagheri Moghadam Cardiogenetic Research Center, Rajaie Cardiovascular Medical and Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Maziar Oveisee 1. School of Medicine, Bam University of Medical Sciences, Bam, Iran 2. Clinical Research Center, Pastor Educational Hospital, Bam University of Medical Sciences, Bam, Iran Seyed Javad Mowla Department of Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran Mahshid Malakootian Cardiogenetic Research Center, Rajaie Cardiovascular Medical and Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran 2022 05 27 2022 11 19 Background: We investigated the expression pattern of a human stem cell-specific, large intergenic noncoding RNA (lincRNA) regulator of reprogramming (lincRNA-ROR) and its spliced transcript variants in breast tumors. Breast cancer is the leading cause of cancer mortality in women; therefore, finding a reliable diagnostic tumor marker, based on the molecular profile of tumor cells, is warranted. Methods: qRT-PCR was used to investigate the expression alteration of a specific stem cell-related lincRNA and its spliced transcript variants in breast tumors which provided by the Iran National Tumor Bank (2014-2016). Suitability of lincRNA-ROR and expression alterations of its spliced transcript variants as breast tumor biomarkers were examined by ROC curve analysis. Results: Expression was significantly upregulated in lincRNA-ROR variants 1 (NR-048536) and 4 (AB844432) and downregulated in variant 3 (AB844431), with expression levels failing to distinguish between breast tumor types, grades, and malignancy stages. Whereas ROC curve analysis gave good scores to the expressions of variants 1 (AUC=0.7675, P=0.003) and 3 (AUC=0.9383, P=0.00173), suggesting their suitability as potential breast tumor biomarkers, it gave an AUC score of 0.6033 for lincRNA-ROR spliced variant 4 (P=0.4118), denoting its unsuitability as a breast cancer biomarker. Conclusion: Aberrant expressions of lincRNA-ROR spliced transcript variants could serve as reliable biomarkers with potential usefulness in breast cancer diagnosis. However, further research should elucidate the role and tissue expression of lincRNA-ROR spliced transcript variants in various cancers.   https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/28877 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/2