Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 54 8 2025 09 02 1712 1720 Yizhen Chen Department of Pharmacy, Women and Children's Hospital, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China Shaoxing Guan School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China Xiaorong Su Department of Pharmacy, Women and Children's Hospital, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China Wei Zhuang Department of Pharmacy, Women and Children's Hospital, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China 2024 07 20 2025 01 15 Background: Insulin resistance and abnormal glucose metabolism are the main characteristics of thyrotoxicosis and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). However, it remains unclear whether thyrotoxicosis increases the risk of GDM. Therefore, this research aimed to explore the causality between thyrotoxicosis and GDM by using a Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis. Methods: A MR analysis was conducted to explore the causal effects of thyrotoxicosis on GDM. Summary statistics data of thyrotoxicosis (3115 thyrotoxicosis cases and 187684 controls) and GDM (13039 cases and 197831 controls) were derived from genome-wide association study. We selected MR Egger, Weighted median, Inverse-variance weighted, Simple mode and Weighted mode to evaluate the causal effect between thyrotoxicosis and GDM. Results: By using a two-sample MR analysis, we found a strong causal relationship between thyrotoxicosis and GDM as indicated by Inverse-variance weighted (OR=1.069; beta=0.067; 95%CI=1.023-1.118; P=0.003), Weighted median (OR=1.087; beta=0.084; 95%CI=1.040-1.137; P=0.0002), Simple mode (OR=1.102; beta=0.097; 95%CI= 1.038-1.170; P=0.013) and Weighted mode (OR=1.089; beta=0.085; 95%CI=1.033-1.147; P=0.013). No significant pleiotropy, heterogeneity, genetic correlations or bi-directional causal relationship was existed in this study. Bayesian colocalization suggested that thyrotoxicosis colocalized with GDM on rs10830963 (PP.H4 = 1.000), where rs10830963 was located on MTNR1B gene locus. Conclusion: Thyrotoxicosis had a causal effect on the risk of developing GDM, and the exposure of thyrotoxicosis increased the risk of GDM. https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/36129 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/36129/8626

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 54 8 2025 09 02 1563 1576 EN Fengyu Xue 1. Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China 2. Department of Immunization and Prevention, Fangshan District Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Beijing 102488, China Zhijun Li Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China Lijuan Yan Department of Psychology, Changchun Sixth Hospital, Changchun 130000, China Qiong YU Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China Yanchi Zhang Department of Psychology, Changchun Sixth Hospital, Changchun 130000, China 2024 08 14 2025 03 09 Background: We have included literature on changes in immune cells in patients with schizophrenia and have systematically and quantitatively reviewed these studies through meta-analysis, with a view to understanding the potential effects of immune system dysfunction on the pathophysiology of schizophrenia. Methods: We conducted a systematic search in PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library, covering publications from inception to Sep 25, 2023. The systematic review followed the PRISMA guidelines, and a random-effects meta-analysis was performed. Heterogeneity was evaluated using the I² index, and sensitivity analyses were conducted to assess the stability of the findings. Results: The systematic review includes 42 studies on schizophrenia. Meta-analysis revealed that compared to the control group, schizophrenia patients had significantly higher white blood cell counts (WBC, P<0.01), CD4 absolute values (P=0.02), CD4 percentage (CD4%, P=0.05), CD4/CD8 ratio (P<0.01), monocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio (MLR, P<0.01), neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR, P<0.01), and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR, P<0.01). No significant differences were observed for other immune markers in the meta-analysis. Conclusion: The number of immune cells in the blood of patients with schizophrenia increased. Therefore, more research on immune system abnormalities in schizophrenia patients is needed to better understand the underlying mechanisms between schizophrenia and immune cell parameters. https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/36350 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/36350/8614

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 54 8 2025 09 02 1796 1797 Seung-Taek Lim 1. General Education, Kookmin University, Seoul 02707, Republic of Korea 2. Waseda Institute for Sport Sciences, Waseda University, Saitama 341-0018, Japan 2024 09 09 2024 10 29 No Abstract. https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/36580 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/36580/8634

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 54 8 2025 09 02 1721 1730 JinShil Kim Gachon University, College of Nursing, Incheon, South Korea Jisun Yang Gachon University Gil Hospital, Incheon, South Korea KyungAh Cho Gachon University, College of Nursing, Incheon, South Korea Sang Baek Gachon University, College of Nursing, Incheon, South Korea Seongkum Heo 3. Mercer University, Georgia Baptist College of Nursing, 3001 Mercer University Drive, Atlanta, GA 30341, USA 2024 10 12 2025 02 18 Background: Periodic symptom assessment in outpatient settings may enhance self-care in heart failure (HF) patients, though its effects are not fully studied. This study examined the impact of periodic HF and depressive symptom assessments on self-care (maintenance, symptom perception, and management) over nine months. Methods: In this randomized controlled trial, symptom assessments were conducted in the intervention group at baseline and at three, six, and nine months in South Korea between Sep 2022 and Nov 2023. Data on self-care were collected at baseline and at nine-month follow-up. A series of two-way repeated measures analysis of variance were used to address the purpose. Results: The only variable that showed a significant difference between the intervention group (n=17, age=64.8 yr) and the control group (n=21, age=64.6 yr) from baseline to nine-month follow-up was self-care maintenance. The main effect of time on self-care maintenance was statistically significant, improving from baseline to follow-up regardless of group (F[1,36])=26.53, P<0.001). A significant group-by-time interaction (F[1,36] = 26.53, P=0.015) indicated the changes in self-care maintenance varied over time by group membership. Conclusion: A periodic assessment of HF symptoms and depressive symptoms increased self-care maintenance, but did not affect other self-care behaviors, in outpatients with HF. Clinicians may consider regular outpatient symptom assessment as a tool for educational support to enhance self-care maintenance in patients with HF. https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/36893 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/36893/8627

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 54 8 2025 09 02 1577 1590 Kangtai Zheng The Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Adminis-trative Region, Hong Kong SAR, China 2024 10 09 2025 08 09 Background: Task-sharing in diabetes management may be useful for health systems in staff- and resource-poor middle-income countries. The study evaluated the effectiveness of a task-sharing intervention for diabetes led by non-professional health workers in improving glycaemic indicators and blood pressure among adults in middle-income countries. Methods: Embase, PubMed, MEDLINE and Cochrane Central Registry of Controlled Trials were searched for studies published from 2010-2022. Intervention studies involving task-sharing strategies for managing diabetes and other cardiovascular risk factors were included. Extracts were made on populations, interventions, and lay health worker training and supervision. The quality of studies was assessed using the Cochrane Risk of Bias tool. Performed a meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials. A random-effects model was used due to significant heterogeneity among the studies (I² ≥ 50%), otherwise, a fixed-effect model was used. Results: Thirteen randomised controlled trials with 8183 patients were included in the meta-analysis. The population average pooled mean difference in HbA1c was -0.17% (95% CI -0.34 to -0.01) and in fasting blood glucose was -0.75 mmol/L (95% CI -1.14 to -0.35). The population average pooled mean difference in systolic blood pressure was -5.90 mmHg (95% CI -8.11 to -3.68) and in diastolic blood pressure was -2.25 mmHg (95% CI -3.10 to -1.40). Conclusion: Task-sharing interventions for diabetes led by lay health workers in middle-income countries have shown potential for lowering blood glucose levels and reducing blood pressure. https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/36860 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/36860/8615

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 54 8 2025 09 02 1798 1799 Nader Aghakhani Food and Beverages Safety Research Center, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran Béatrice Marianne Ewalds‑Kvist 1. Department of Psychology, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden 2. Division of Psychology, University of Turku, Turku, Finland Sina Aghakhani Department of Law, Faculty of Humanities Sciences, Islamic Azad University of Tehran, West Branch, Tehran, Iran Babak Alishahihesar Department of Nursing, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria Pedram Abolfathpour Department of Medical Surgical Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran 2024 11 28 2024 12 15 No Abstract. https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/37345 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/37345/8635

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 54 8 2025 09 02 1731 1741 Jae-Yo Kim Sport and Healthcare, Namseoul University, Cheonan-si, Korea Sangmin Jeon Department of Media & Communication, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju-si, Korea Ho-Hyun Song Department of Physical Education, Korea National University of Education, Cheongju-si, Korea 2025 07 08 2025 09 02 Background: In elite Korean wrestling, a sport marked by cultural hierarchy and limited athlete participation, the coach–athlete relationship plays a critical role in shaping an athlete’s development and wellbeing. However, the psychological mechanisms linking the coach–athlete relationship to burnout remain underexplored. This study investigated the mediating role of athletic identity in the relationship between the coach–athlete relationship and athlete burnout among Korean male wrestlers. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional survey with 369 officially registered Korean male wrestlers (20.37±4.01 years old) from high school, collegiate, and professional levels from whole Republic of Korea via online survey using Google Forms. Participants completed validated measures of the coach–athlete relationship, athletic identity, and athlete burnout. Structural equation modeling with bootstrapping procedures was used to assess direct and indirect effects. Results: The coach–athlete relationship significantly predicted athletic identity (β=0.705, P<0.001) but did not directly affect athlete burnout (β=–0.101, P=0.212). Athletic identity negatively predicted burnout (β=–0.635, P<0.001) and fully mediated the relationship between the coach–athlete relationship and burnout (indirect effect: β=–0.448, P=0.010). These results suggest that athletic identity serves as a protective psychological factor, mitigating burnout even when relational quality is high. Conclusion: While a positive coach–athlete relationship alone does not directly reduce burnout; it exerts an indirect protective effect by enhancing athletic identity. Strengthening athletic identity through supportive coaching may be key to reducing psychological exhaustion among male wrestlers in culturally hierarchical sports environments. https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/39804 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/39804/8628

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 54 8 2025 09 02 1591 1607 Haiping Li College of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Massage, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China Yuanbo Gao College of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Massage, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China Guang Zuo College of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Massage, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China Hao Chen College of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Massage, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China Xiaojun Zheng College of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Massage, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/34616 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/34616/8418

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 53 12 2024 12 08 2632 2645 Ayu Ameliyah 1. Doctoral Program of Public Health Sciences, Faculty of Public Health, Universitas Hasanuddin, Indonesia 2. Department of Hospital Administration, Faculty Health Technology, Universitas Megarezky, Indonesia Irwandy Irwandy Department of Hospital Management, Faculty of Public Health, Universitas Hasanuddin, Indonesia Fridawaty Rivai Department of Hospital Management, Faculty of Public Health, Universitas Hasanuddin, Indonesia Stang Stang Department of Statistics, Faculty of Public Health, Universitas Hasanuddin, Indonesia Muhammad Arsyad Department of Health Promotion and Behavioral Sciences, Faculty of Public Health, Universitas Hasanuddin, Indonesia 2024 04 22 2024 09 07 Background: The global maternal mortality rate has increased annually. This study aimed to examine the role of emotional support and the social support theraphy on the experience of emergency caesarean deliveries. Methods: The narrative study was conducted using scientific journal database sources from PubMed, Proquest, Ebsco, Science Direct, and Google Scholar from 2016 to 2023. After the articles were obtained, they were tabulated using an Excel table. Overall, 184 articles were identified based on the search titles. Ten articles focused on the influence of emotional support on patient experiences, and five articles focused on the influence of sociocultural atmosphere on patient experiences. Results: The influence of emotional support and the socio-cultural atmosphere on emergency caesarean section patients is one strategy for reducing maternal mortality rates. The poor sociocultural atmosphere regarding cesarean delivery is still a hot issue in the community, and the lack of emotional support from health service providers can cause patient and family approval to be late in agreeing to informed consent for emergency cesarean care, which should be provided immediately. Conclusion: There is a need for adequate emotional support in the form of empathy, interactive communication, presence and availability, motivation and hope, nonverbal communication, sense of humor, and ambient environment. https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/35316 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/35316/8410

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 53 12 2024 12 08 2828 2830 EN Ali Majidpour Azad Shirazi Health Human Resources Research Center, School of Health Management and Information Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran 2024 02 18 2024 12 08 no abstract. No Abstract. Not abstract. https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/34661 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/34661/8430

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 53 12 2024 12 08 2730 2738 Heakyung Moon Department of Nursing, Hoseo University, Chungnam, Republic of Korea Wonjung Noh College of Nursing, Gachon University, Incheon, Republic of Korea 2023 09 20 2024 05 10 Background: Countries that are becoming aging societies are struggling to establish financial support policies due to their increasing numbers of retired people. In particular, the increase in middle-aged retirees has been reported as unusual and influenced by various factors. This study aimed to identify the subjective health conditions of middle-aged retirees and explore the factors that help provide basic data for developing health-related programs for them. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted among 7,893 people who participated in the 6th Korean Longitudinal Study of Aging in 2016. Among them, the data of 315 participants were analyzed. A theoretical framework guided the use of multiple regression analysis to examine the factors related to the subjective health status of middle-aged retirees. Results: The significant factors influencing the subjective health status were socioeconomic status (middle/high: β=.14, P=.005), number of chronic diseases (β=-.11, P=.035; above 2: β=-.38, P<.001), depression (β = -.17, P<.001), and retirement satisfaction (β=.32, P<.001). Conclusion: This study can help policymakers create effective retirement programs for middle-aged individuals and re-socialize them by enhancing physical and psychological support. https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/33252 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/33252/8419

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 53 12 2024 12 08 2646 2658 Mojgan Zareivenovel Department of Medical Library and Information Science, School of Health Management and Information Sciences, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Leila Nemati-Anaraki Health Management and Economics Research Center, Health Management Research Institute, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Shadi Asadzandi Department of Medical Library and Information Science, School of Health Management and Information Sciences, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran 2024 02 24 2024 05 13 Background: We aimed to identify and classify barriers and facilitators of implementation of research finding in healthcare. Methods: A scoping review was conducted using Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses Extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR). Articles were extracted from online databases. The initial search was implemented on Jun, 2022, and updated until end of 2023. Two independent reviewers screened, selected, and extracted the data. Data were synthesized using thematic analysis. Results: Overall, 32 studies from 3,435 documents met the inclusion criteria. From which 60 barriers and 45 facilitators were identified. The main barriers and facilitators extracted were grouped into eight components: Organization, Collaboration to knowledge utilization, Researcher role, Methodology and technical aspect of research, Management, Cultural and social determinants, Training, and Government and community. Organizational barriers and facilitators were the most concerning with insufficient attention, methodology and technical aspects of research were salient barriers, and the other components had similar roles. Conclusion: This study directly addresses a gap in implementing the research findings in organizations. The government would benefit from knowledge implementation with respect to evidence utilization. Additionally, implementation knowledge was not transferred to healthcare practice to a sufficient extent, thus restricting the systematic use of implementation knowledge in practice. https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/34730 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/34730/8411

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 53 12 2024 12 08 2831 2832 Maliheh Kadivar Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics Children’s Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran 2024 05 31 2024 12 08 No Abstract. Not abstract. Not Abstract. https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/35679 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/35679/8431

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 53 12 2024 12 08 2739 2748 EN Eun Kyoung Han Department of Nursing, Eulji University, 553 Sanseong-daero, Sujeong-gu, Seongnam 13135, Korea Hae Kyoung Son Department of Nursing, Eulji University, 553 Sanseong-daero, Sujeong-gu, Seongnam 13135, Korea 2024 02 13 2024 06 01 Background: We aimed to identify the factors affecting sleep quality in community-dwelling older adults. Methods: This cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted from 6 to 13 October 2021. A hypothetical model based on Spielman’s 3P model of insomnia was constructed using the multiple factors that influence sleep quality in older adults. Data were collected from 114 elderly adults at two welfare centers located in, South Korea and analyzed using IBM SPSS 21.0. Results: The hierarchical regression model showing the predictors of sleep quality was significant, and it explained 23.9% of the variance (F=9.879, P<.001). Pre-sleep arousal (β=0.283, P=.005) and sleep hygiene (β=0.269, P=.014) were associated with sleep quality. Conclusion: Sleep improvement interventions which consider pre-sleep arousal and sleep hygiene for older adults may improve sleep quality. https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/34620 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/34620/8420

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 53 12 2024 12 08 2659 2670 Abbas Nabore 1. Health in Emergency and Disaster Research Center, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran 2. Bostan School of Nursing, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran Mehrdad Farrokhi Health in Emergency and Disaster Research Center, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran Shokoufeh Ahmadi Health in Emergency and Disaster Research Center, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran Mohammad Saatchi Health in Emergency and Disaster Research Center, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran Fereydoun Layeghi Department of Clinical Science, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran Hamidreza Khankeh 1. Health in Emergency and Disaster Research Center, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran 2. QUEST Center for Responsible Research, BIH, Charite, Berlin, Germany 2024 02 02 2024 05 13 Background: This systematic scoping review aimed to investigate and delineate the dimensions of the Community First Responder (CFR) model implemented in emergency medical services (EMS) across different countries. The primary focus was on identifying key components and characteristics associated with CFR programs. Methods: This study conducted an extensive search across multiple databases (PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science) and grey literature sources (Google Scholar, official sites) until Mar 2023 using keywords related to community first responders. Initially, 14,135 articles were found. After removing duplicates and similar titles, 37 articles were reviewed. The analysis covered training, motivation, public awareness, emotional support for responders, coordination with ambulance staff, program development, and the impact on patient outcomes. Results: This review revealed key dimensions and components common to CFR models worldwide. Notable findings included insights into the significance of training, the motivating factors for individuals joining CFR groups, public awareness regarding the role of CFRs, the importance of emotional support for CFRs, effective coordination with ambulance staff, development requirements of CFR programs, and the consequential effects of plan implementation on patient outcomes. Conclusion: This systematic scoping review offers valuable insights into CFR models worldwide, enhancing understanding of their effectiveness, challenges, and capabilities. Its recommendations can influence policy, guide future research, and strengthen CFRs' contributions to emergency medical services. https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/34511 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/34511/8412

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 53 12 2024 12 08 2833 2834 Eunjae Lee 1. Institute of Sports & Arts Convergence (ISAC), Inha University, Incheon, Republic of Korea 2. Waseda Institute for Sport Sciences, Waseda University, Saitama, Japan Seung-Taek Lim 1. Waseda Institute for Sport Sciences, Waseda University, Saitama, Japan 2. College of General Education, Kookmin University, Seoul, Republic of Korea 2024 01 05 2024 04 04 No Abstract. Not Abstract.  https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/34201 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/34201/8432

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 53 12 2024 12 08 2749 2758 EN Andrea Mirkovic 1. Department of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia 2. Department of Refractive Anomaly Diagnosis, Eye Center “Etiko,” Kragujevac, Serbia Svetlana Radevic Department of Social Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia Nikola Savic Department of Health Studies, Faculty of Health and Business Studies, Singidunum University, Valjevo, Serbia Nela Djonovic Department of Hygiene and Ecology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia Sanja Ilic Department of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia Jovana Radovanovic Department of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia Snezana Corovic Department of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia Snezana Radovanovic Department of Social Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia 2024 01 25 2024 05 24 Background: Sensory impairments, notably hearing loss (68% in those aged 70+) and vision loss (24%-50%), are prevalent in older individuals. We investigated the correlation between visual and hearing impairments in older adults, considering sociodemographic factors, mental health, and social support. Methods: The study is part of The Serbian 2019 National Health Survey, conducted in 2019. Questionnaires were used as the research tool, following the methodology of the European Health Survey. Multivariable logistic regression was used to assess predictors of visual and hearing impairments. Results: Findings revealed a higher prevalence of vision difficulties among women (P< 0.001) and a significant reduction in reported vision issues with increased social support (P< 0.001). Higher education, particularly at the doctoral level, demonstrated a strong protective effect against hearing difficulties (P< 0.001). Conclusion: Education at the doctoral level provides significant protection against sensory difficulties, especially in the case of hearing loss, while a high level of social support positively influences the reduction of vision-related problems. Further research is necessary for a better understanding of relationships and the development of effective support strategies for the elderly population with vision and hearing impairments. https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/34424 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/34424/8421

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 53 12 2024 12 08 2671 2682 EN Parvin Karimi Fars Population-Based Cancer Registry, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran Seyed Mohammad Reza Hosseini School of Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran Zahra Sadat Mousavian Hiagh Laboratory of Dendrimers and Nano-Biopolymers, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran Sobhan Abolhasanzadeh 1. School of Biotechnology Faculty of Science and Health, Dublin City University, Dublin, Ireland 2. Research Center for Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology (RCPN), Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran Nahid Asghari 1. Department of Basic Science, Maragheh University of Medical Science, Maragheh, Iran 2. Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Basic Science, Islamic Azad University of Urmia, Urmia, Iran Hamed Aghazadeh 1. Research Center for Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology (RCPN), Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran 2. School of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran 2024 01 07 2024 05 10 Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia grade III (CIN III) represents a critical precursor to invasive cervical cancer, necessitating a comprehensive understanding of its etiology, progression, diagnosis, and preventive strategies. This review integrates an approach to synthesize current literature, conducted through a meticulous search of databases (Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar) for relevant articles discussing CIN III and its association with Human Papillomavirus (HPV). The review delineates the multifaceted landscape of CIN III, elucidating the pathogenesis involving high-risk HPV types, demographic factors (age and sexual behavior), behavioral determinants (smoking and contraceptive use), and environmental influences impacting disease epidemiology. Diagnostic modalities, including Pap smears, HPV testing, and colposcopy, were assessed for their role in early detection and intervention. The results highlight the significance of HPV vaccination, screening programs, and robust public health policies in mitigating the burden of CIN III. Effective interventions, particularly excisional procedures, demonstrate efficacy in reducing the risk of progression to invasive cancer, emphasizing the importance of vigilant follow-up. A comprehensive approach integrating vaccination initiatives, early detection through screening, and equitable healthcare policies stands pivotal in combating CIN III. The review underscores the imperative of evidence-based interventions for disease prevention, reducing disparities, and enhancing public health outcomes for individuals affected by or at risk of CIN III. https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/34213 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/34213/8413

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 53 12 2024 12 08 2759 2767 EN Liping Zhu D;a, University of East Sarajevo, Foča, Republic of Srpska, Bosnia and Herzegovina Milan Kulić Faculty of Medicine Foča, University of East Sarajevo, Foča, Republic of Srpska, Bosnia and Herzegovina Biljana Mijović Faculty of Medicine Foča, University of East Sarajevo, Foča, Republic of Srpska, Bosnia and Herzegovina Marija Milić Faculty of Medicine, University of Pristina Temporarily Settled in Kosovska Mitrovica, Kosovska Mitrovica, Serbia Nenad Lalović 1. Faculty of Medicine Foča, University of East Sarajevo, Foča, Republic of Srpska, Bosnia and Herzegovina 2. University Hospital Foča, Foča, Republic of Srpska, Bosnia and Herzegovina Nikolina Elez-Burnjaković Faculty of Medicine Foča, University of East Sarajevo, Foča, Republic of Srpska, Bosnia and Herzegovina Danijela Radulović Faculty of Medicine Foča, University of East Sarajevo, Foča, Republic of Srpska, Bosnia and Herzegovina Dajana Nogo-Živanović Faculty of Medicine Foča, University of East Sarajevo, Foča, Republic of Srpska, Bosnia and Herzegovina Ljiljana Krsmanović 1. Faculty of Medicine Foča, University of East Sarajevo, Foča, Republic of Srpska, Bosnia and Herzegovina 2. University Hospital Foča, Foča, Republic of Srpska, Bosnia and Herzegovina Nada Avram 1. Faculty of Medicine Foča, University of East Sarajevo, Foča, Republic of Srpska, Bosnia and Herzegovina 2. University Hospital Foča, Foča, Republic of Srpska, Bosnia and Herzegovina Biljana Milinković 1. Faculty of Medicine Foča, University of East Sarajevo, Foča, Republic of Srpska, Bosnia and Herzegovina 2. University Hospital Foča, Foča, Republic of Srpska, Bosnia and Herzegovina Siniša Šolaja 1. Faculty of Medicine Foča, University of East Sarajevo, Foča, Republic of Srpska, Bosnia and Herzegovina 2. University Hospital Foča, Foča, Republic of Srpska, Bosnia and Herzegovina Sandra Matović Faculty of Medicine Foča, University of East Sarajevo, Foča, Republic of Srpska, Bosnia and Herzegovina Jovan Kulić Faculty of Medicine Foča, University of East Sarajevo, Foča, Republic of Srpska, Bosnia and Herzegovina Bojan Joksimović Faculty of Medicine Foča, University of East Sarajevo, Foča, Republic of Srpska, Bosnia and Herzegovina 2024 11 01 2024 12 23 Background: Undernutrition disorder is a prevalent comorbidity (up to 25%) in type 2 diabetes (T2D) patients which significantly compromises their health. We aimed to assess the association between single nucleotide polymorphysms (SNPs) adiponectin (ADIPOQ) +276 (G/T) and resistin (RETN) -420 (C/G) with the risk of developing T2D and undernutrition in patients with T2D. Methods: The research was conducted as prospective case-control study among 106 patients with T2D and 106 healthy control individuals in the territory of the Bosnia and Herzegovina from Sep 1st 2022 to May 1st 2023. For assessing the nutritional status, the mini nutritional assessment (MNA) was used. DNA analysis was carried out by restriction fragment length polymorphism-polymerase chain reaction (RFLP-PCR) method. The data were analyzed using chi-square test, t-test for independent samples and binary multivariate logistic regression. Results: The research included 212 subjects of which 124 (58.5%) were male. The mean age of the subjects was 68.48±4,67 yr. Almost 20% of subjects were undernourished, significantly more T2D patients when compared to controls (33% vs. 6.6%; P<0.001). ADIPOQ +276 GT genotype was identified as significant predictor of T2D (OR: 3.454; 95% CI: 1.400-8.521; P=0.007) and undernutrition disorder (OR: 3.453; 95% CI: 1.331-8.961; P=0.011) in T2D population, while the presence of RETN -420 CG genotype had protective effect against occurrence of T2D (OR: 0.353; 95% CI: 0.144-0.867; P=0.023). However, RETN genotypes were not associated with undernutrition disorder. Conclusion: ADIPOQ +276 gene polymorphism represent a significant predictor for development of T2D and undernutrition disorder in T2D population, while RETN -420 gene polymorphism was identified as a significant factor associated with a reduced risk for T2D, but was not associated with undernutrition. https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/37081 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/37081/8522

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 54 4 2025 04 02 820 829 Yeon-Ju Kim Department of Nursing, Hyundai Women's & Children's Hospital, Jeollanam-do, Republic of Korea Yeonran Hong Department of Nursing, Sunchon National University, Jeollanam-do, Republic of Korea Ho-Jin Lee Department of Nursing, Yeungnam University College, Daegu, Republic of Korea 2024 12 13 2025 04 02 Background: We investigated the effects of self-leadership, resilience, and communication ability on the intention to keep one’s nursing job among Korean nurses. Methods: Data were collected from 245 nurses from hospitals in Jeollanam-do Province, Republic of Korea in 2022. The collected data were analyzed using independent t-tests, one-way analyses of variance, post-hoc tests, Pearson’s correlation coefficients, and stepwise multiple regression. Results: The intention to keep one’s nursing job was positively correlated with self-leadership (r=0.34, P<0.001), resilience (r=0.45, P<0.001), and communication ability (r=0.34, P<0.001). Positive correlations were also found between self-leadership and resilience (r=0.65, P<0.001), communication ability and self-leadership (r=0.49, P<0.001), and resilience and communication ability (r=0.69, P<0.001). Furthermore, resilience (β=0.27, P=0.001), age (β=0.26, P<0.001), welfare satisfaction (β=0.17, P=0.003), and communication ability (β=0.16, P=0.031) influenced nurses’ intention to keep their jobs. The regression model was statistically significant (F=24.94, P<0.001), and the explanatory power was 29.4%. Conclusion: Nurses’ intention to keep their jobs can be strengthened by improving their treatment, welfare, and communication abilities. Accordingly, educational programs are needed to create an efficient nursing environment and improve nurses’ resilience and communication abilities. https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/37521 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/37521/8523

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 54 4 2025 04 02 830 838 Jianhong Dong Student Psychological Development Guidance Center, Xi 'an Shiyou University, Xi 'an, China Jing Chao College of Modern Service Management, Shandong Youth University of Political Science, Jinan, China 2025 02 26 2025 04 02 Background: Information Technology (IT) workers have long experienced high-intensity work pressure and overwork, thus bringing severe challenges to managing their mental health. As a key predictor of IT workers’ mental health, perceived stress significantly affects their tendency to experience depression. Self-esteem and self-control are important factors that influence individuals to regulate their behaviors and emotions and cope with challenges, thereby playing a possible chain mediating role in the relationship between perceived stress and depression. Methods: In this study, 708 IT workers in Shaanxi Province were investigated anonymously through questionnaires. The perceived stress scale, depression scale, self-esteem scale, and self-control scale were used to examine the influence of perceived stress on IT workers’ depression. Subsequently, the chain mediating role of self-esteem and self-control in this relationship was tested. Results: Perceived stress is found to influence IT workers’ depression (P < 0.01). Furthermore, self-esteem and self-control play a chain mediating role in the relationship between perceived stress and IT workers’ depression (P < 0.01). In addition, the duration of occupation in IT work influences the depression of IT workers significantly (P < 0.01). Conclusion: This study revealed the chain mediating roles of self-esteem and self-control in the influence of perceived stress on IT workers’ depression. This finding is of great reference value for reducing the depression risk of IT workers and implementing mental health intervention. Conclusion: Accurate evaluation of the governance ability of urban public health can provide guidance and policy propositions to improve the governance system of public health. https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/38292 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/38292/8524

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 54 4 2025 04 02 839 849 EN Hye-Eun Oh Public Health and Medical Services Team, Ulsan University Hospital, Ulsan, Republic of Korea Hye-Jin Kim Department of Nursing, University of Ulsan, Ulsan, Republic of Korea 2024 09 05 2024 11 11 Background: We aimed to verify effects of a self-efficacy-based breastfeeding support program (SBP) through a 1:1 face-to-face education and non-face-to-face education via phone counselling on breastfeeding and postnatal depression in primiparous women. Methods: This is a nonequivalent control group pre-posttest design study and primiparous women who gave birth at a tertiary general hospital in South Korea from May to Oct 2022 participated. Participants in the experimental group were provided with SBP (6 educational sessions) by the researcher for 4 wk after birth. Pre and post-test measures included breastfeeding knowledge, breastfeeding self-efficacy, adaption, breastfeeding rate, and postnatal depression. Results: The participants were 48, with 26 in the SBP experimental group and 22 in the control group. Breastfeeding knowledge, breastfeeding self-efficacy, and adaption scores level of increase were significantly higher in the experimental group than in the control group (P<.001, P=.010, and P=.012). Breastfeeding rate was significantly higher in the experimental group than in the control group (P=.011). The score of postnatal depression was significantly lower in the experimental group than in the control group (P=.032). Conclusion: The SBP was validated as a program that could promote the continuation of self-directed breastfeeding even after discharge by primiparous women experiencing breastfeeding for the first time and ultimately improve the health of both mother and infant, thereby providing evidence for effective breastfeeding intervention strategies for nursing in practice. https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/36547 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/36547/8526

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 54 4 2025 04 02 850 859 EN Narjes Noori Goodarzi Department of Pathobiology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Shaghayegh Zafar Department of Pathobiology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Naghmeh Pourmand Department of Infertility, Yas Hospital Complex, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Soheila Ajdary Department of Immunology, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran Mir Saeed Yekaninejad Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences,Tehran, Iran Mohammad Pourmand Department of Pathobiology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Farzad Badmasti Department of Bacteriology, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran 2024 09 11 2024 11 18 Background: Neisseria gonorrhoeae, the second most common sexually transmitted infection (STI) worldwide, affects one million people daily. We aimed to investigate the prevalence of gonorrhea in females with genital infections in Tehran, Iran. Methods: First, a bioinformatic study was conducted to identify a conserved and high-prevalent gene marker for detection of N. gonorrhoeae. One desirable marker was selected and a pair of specific primers was designed to amplify it. The reliability of the primer pair was evaluated in silico and in vitro. Subsequently, 172 patients with genitourinary symptoms were enrolled and an endocervical swab specimen was obtained from each patient to evaluate the presence of N. gonorrhoeae in clinical specimens using the specific primers. Results: Restriction endonuclease subunit S (resS, WP_003687768.1) was selected as a specific detection marker. The designed primer pair targeting resS showed specific and reliable detection of N. gonorrhoeae in silico and in vitro. Out of 172 clinical samples, seven (4.06%) cases were infected by N. gonorrhoeae. Statistical analysis of clinical manifestations showed that there was a significant association between the occurrence of N. gonorrhoeae and dysuria (P= 0.043), pelvic pain (P= 0.017), and fever (P = 0.045). Conclusion: Three promising markers were introduced for development of point-of-care testing approaches. Moreover, this study highlights a 4% prevalence of gonorrhea among women with genitourinary symptoms in Iran, which reminds the urgent need for routine surveillance and new policies in management of STIs, particularly gonorrhea.   https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/36604 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/36604/8527

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 54 4 2025 04 02 860 869 Amin Moradi Department of Epidemiology, School of Health, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran Fateme Nikbakht Department of Epidemiology, School of Health, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran Ali Taghipour Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran Hamid Reza Fathi Secretary of the Coordinating Council for Prevention, Treatment and Harm Reduction of Substance Use Disorders, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran Behnaz Beygi Department of Epidemiology, School of Health, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran Khadijeh Ghasemi Department of Epidemiology, School of Health, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran Zahra Amiri Department of Epidemiology, School of Health, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran Ehsan Mosafarkhani Department of Epidemiology, Social Determinants of Health Research Center, School of Health, Mashhad University of Medi-cal Sciences, Mashhad, Iran 2024 05 27 2024 11 05 Background: Suicide is a serious global public health issue, which is the fourth-leading cause of death for young people between the ages of 15 and 29. This study aimed to be conducted to investigate the factors affecting suicide reattempts. Methods: This cross-sectional study used data from the Sina Electronic Health Registration System and the HIS of Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran covering around 90% of suicide attempts in Mashhad’s government hospitals (2019–2022). The study population included all Mashhad residents with documented suicide attempts in this period. Descriptive analysis was followed by a Poisson multivariable regression to identify factors affecting suicide attempt frequency, with analyses conducted in Stata version 14 and significance set at P<0.05. Results: Among 5,737 participants, 3,157 (55.0%) were men. The overall rate of suicide reattempt was 10.1% (n=580). Suicide reattempts were more prevalent among men (55.5% of reattempts, n=322), individuals with mental disorders (16.0%, n=93), substance users (7.8%, n=45), single persons (66.6%, n=386), those with high school education (47.6%, n=276), and self-employed individuals (45.7%, n=265). Poisson regression analysis revealed that substance users had a 43% higher likelihood of reattempting suicide compared to non-users (IRR=1.43, 95% CI: 1.27-1.61, p<0.001), after adjusting for other variables. Conclusion: Identifying risk factors for suicide reattempt, such as drug abuse, may be effective in identifying high-risk groups and preventing suicide reattempts. https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/35629 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/35629/8528

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 54 4 2025 04 02 870 880 EN Mohammad Esmaeil Akbari Cancer Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Atieh Akbari Cancer Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences Mohammad Akbari Department of Health Economics, Faculty of Management and Economics, Tarbiat Modarres University, Tehran, Iran Maryam Khayamzadeh 1. Cancer Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran 2. Academy of Medical Sciences, Islamic Republic of Iran, Tehran, Iran 2022 08 05 2023 01 09 Background: Several factors can affect the survival of patients with breast cancer (BC). We estimated BC patients' 5-, 10-, and 15-year survival rates and influential factors in a single medical center during the last three decades. Methods: We enrolled patients diagnosed with BC managed in the Cancer Research Center of Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran from 1991 to 2018. All patients were followed to check the patients' status. The data were analyzed regarding demographic, clinical, pathological, and molecular biology characteristics. Descriptive and survival analyses were performed. Kaplan Meier and Cox proportional hazards regression models were used for survival analysis. Results: Overall, 4, 429 women were included. The mean age was 49. 11 (±11. 98) yr. Nearly 70% of the patients had high school degrees. Totally, 35% of patients were diagnosed in the advanced stages of BC. Estrogen Receptor (ER), Progesterone Receptor (PR), and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) were positive in 72. 50%, 66. 90%, and 16. 20% of the cases, respectively. About 11. 6% of patients died. The overall 5-, 10-, and 15-year survival rates of BC were 90%, 83%, and 75%, respectively. In the Cox proportional hazard analysis, the survival rate was affected by literacy level, positive lymph nodes, lymphovascular invasion, ER, tumor size, and pathological grade. Conclusion: This is the first report on the 15-year survival rate of BC and its influential factors, from a medical center in Iran. The results were acceptable and comparable with those of developed countries due to scientific protocols, teamwork, and effective follow-up in a developing country. https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/29484 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/29484/8529

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 54 4 2025 04 02 881 884 Hossein Moameri 1. Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Institute for Futures Studies in Health, Kerman University of Medical Scienc-es, Kerman, Iran 2. Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Faculty of Public Health, Kerman University of Medical Science, Kerman, Iran Sahar Salehi Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Faculty of Public Health, Kerman University of Medical Science, Kerman, Iran AliAkbar Haghdoost 1. Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Faculty of Public Health, Kerman University of Medical Science, Kerman, Iran 2. HIV/STI Surveillance Research Center, and WHO Collaborating Center for HIV Surveillance, Institute for Futures Studies in Health, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran 2024 07 29 2024 12 23 Nosocomial infections remain one of the most severe public health issues, infecting millions of patients worldwide each year.  The global prevalence of nosocomial infections varies between 3.0% and 20.7%, with an incidence rate ranging from 5% to 10%. In this short article, we have tried to present a different perspective on the future of nosocomial infections from the author's viewpoint. According to our assessment, due to megatrends such as global exposure, population aging, and augmenting drug resistance, nosocomial infections are expected to become more severe in the future. On the other hand, advancements in health technologies such as e-health, Artificial Intelligence, the Internet of Things, and less invasive interventions form a new generation of hospitals capa