Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 51 2 2022 02 06 318 326 EN Jin-Sun Choi Department of Dental Hygiene, College of Dentistry, Gangneung-Wonju National University & Research Institute of Oral Science, Gangneung, South Korea Bo-Mi Shin 1. Department of Dental Hygiene, College of Dentistry, Gangneung-Wonju National University & Research Institute of Oral Science, Gangneung, South Korea Deok-Young Park Department of Preventive and Public Health Dentistry, College of Dentistry, Gangneung-Wonju National University & Research Institute of Oral Science, Gangneung, South Korea Gun-Young Park College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Anam-dong, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul, South Korea Yong-Keum Choi Department of Dental Hygiene, College of Health Science and Genome-Based BioIT Convergence Institute, Sun Moon University, Asan 31460, Korea 2020 08 09 2020 11 26 Background: We examined the Korean adults’ experience with dental implants and analyzed its association with various socioeconomic factors. Methods: This study was based on the participants enrolled in the 2013-2015 KNHANES. Using the variables associated with dental implant treatment experience and other socioeconomic factors, we evaluated the statistical significance and potential associations between the dental implant treatment experience and its related factors. The final analysis in this study was performed on adults aged 20 yr and over. It comprised 4,893 subjects in the year 2013, 4,431 subjects in 2014, and 4,430 subjects in 2015. Results: An increasing number of individuals had reported undergoing dental implant treatment. An older age was associated with a higher likelihood of undergoing dental implant treatment, particularly in adults aged ≥40 years. Additionally, the likelihood was higher in individuals with a greater income level, low-level of educational background, and married status. Factors that were observed to influence dental implant treatment experience included age, education level, income level, marital status. Conclusion: Our analysis confirmed the growing accessibility to dental implants among Korean adults and an association between dental implant treatment experience and socioeconomic factors. We recommend a healthcare policy on dental implants that considers relevant socioeconomic factors, in order to provide dental implant treatment to individuals who are in absolute need of treatment. https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/21769 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/21769/7497

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 51 2 2022 02 06 226 239 Hossein Ali Yousefi Rizi Department of Mechanical System Engineering, Kookmin University, Seoul, 136-702, South Korea 2. Department of Occupational Health Engineering, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran Dong Hoon Shin Department of Mechanical Engineering, Kookmin University, Seoul, 136-702, South Korea Shima Yousefi Rizi Department of Biochemical and Chemical Engineering, Hongik University, Sejong-si 30016, South Korea 2020 10 05 2021 04 02 Chemotherapy is a common treatment technique that uses chemical drugs to kill cancer cells. This technique affects normal healthy tissues being unspecific and has toxic adverse effects. Nowadays, nanotechnology applications in cancer chemotherapy have helped to solve the uncontrolled problems involving distribution of medicine particles and other side effects. Nanoparticles (NPs) can offer significant advantages over conventional drug delivery to have magnificent properties such as controlled mode of action, various methods of administration, and the ability to transport both organic/inorganic drug particles. Special ligands containing polymeric NPs preferentially hit the tumour site because of their chemical affinity to malignant tissues. This article, reviews the fabrication, characterization, and applications of NPs being used in chemotherapy. Furthermore, different forms of polymeric and especially polymeric chemotherapy were also explored and discussed to understand better the effects of NPs on cancer chemotherapy. https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/22416 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/22416/7490

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 51 2 2022 02 07 27773 27773 Dariush D Farhud Editor-in-Chief 2022 02 07 No Abastract https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/27773 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/27773/7521

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 51 2 2022 02 07 460 462 Su-Youn Cho Department of Physical Education, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea Wi-Young So Sports Medicine Major, Korea National University of Transportation, Chungju-si, Korea Hee-Tae Roh Department of Sports Science, College of Health Science, Sun Moon University, Asan-si, Korea 2021 09 25 2021 11 29 No Abstract https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/26389 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/26389/7513

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 51 2 2022 02 08 27797 27797 Ziba Taherian Vice-Chancellor for Health, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran Mostafa Rezaei Vice-Chancellor for Health, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran Asefeh Haddadpour Vice-Chancellor for Health, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran Zahra Amini Department of Community and Family Medicine, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran 2022 02 08  “The Effect of COVID-19 Vaccination on Reducing the Risk of Infection, Hospitalization, and Death in Isfahan Province, Iran.” by Ziba Taherian, Mostafa Rezaei, Asefeh Haddadpour, Zahra Amini, Iran J Public Health, 51(1), Jan 2022, 188-195. The above article, published online at  https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/26539 has been retracted by agreement between the authors & the journal's Editor-in-Chief. After post-publication peer review, some concerns were raised on the terminology used in the results, discussion & related analysis. Some dates were reported incorrectly & there were some inconsistencies in reporting vaccine brand names. In addition, some unintentional errors have been found in the paper typesetting. The retraction has been agreed by all panel of authors mentioned in the paper, so that the necessary corrections and completing the analysis are being made properly. https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/27797 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/27797/7522

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 51 2 2022 02 06 327 335 Biao Zhuang Department of General Surgery, Shanghai Pudong Hospital, Fudan University Pudong Medical Center, Shanghai 201399, China Xiong Ni Department of General Surgery, Shanghai Pudong Hospital, Fudan University Pudong Medical Center, Shanghai 201399, China Zhijun Min Department of General Surgery, Shanghai Pudong Hospital, Fudan University Pudong Medical Center, Shanghai 201399, China Dejun Wu Department of General Surgery, Shanghai Pudong Hospital, Fudan University Pudong Medical Center, Shanghai 201399, China Tingfeng Wang Department of General Surgery, Shanghai Pudong Hospital, Fudan University Pudong Medical Center, Shanghai 201399, China Peng Cui Department of General Surgery, Shanghai Pudong Hospital, Fudan University Pudong Medical Center, Shanghai 201399, China 2021 08 17 2021 09 08 Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) has not only seriously affected people’s lives, but also burdened the government healthcare system. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNA) have attracted more and more attention in the cancer study field. Methods: Experiments were completed in the Medical Research and Innovation Center of Shanghai Pudong Hospital, China from 2019 to 2020. Cell cycle was detected by western blot analyzing and flow cytometry. Apoptosis analysis were determined using flow cytometry or western blot analysis. LncRNA CKMT2-AS1 was knocked down by shRNA transfection. Results: We found CKMT2-AS1 was the most significant=0.0105 for SW480 and P=0.0071 for HCT116) difference lncRNA between colorectal cancer treated with autophagy inducer and colorectal cancer without any treatment. Effective shRNA-CKMT2-AS1 was also designed. Following, we found the treatment of autophagy inducer and autophagy inducer + shRNA-NC were able to suppress the proliferation of both SW480 and HCT116 cells. In addition, the treatment of autophagy inducer + shRNA-CKMT2-AS1 significantly reduced the apoptosis of SW480 and HCT116 cells induced by autophagy. Furthermore, we found the phosphorylation of mTOR, AKT was enhanced in SW480, and HCT116 cells treated with autophagy inducer + shRNA-CKMT2-AS1 compared to the cells treated with autophagy inducer of autophagy inducer + shRNA-NC. Conclusion: Enhancing the expression of CKMT2-AS1 will become a promising strategy to prevent the progress of colorectal cancer. https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/25986 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/25986/7498

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 51 2 2022 02 06 240 252 Nabilah Sabri Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, Faculty of Engineering & Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia Nor Khamis Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, Faculty of Engineering & Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia Mohd Mat Tahir Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, Faculty of Engineering & Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia Jailani Besar 1. Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, Faculty of Engineering & Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia 2. Department of Vehicle Architecture & Integration, Proton Holdings, Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia Dzuraidah Abd Wahab Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, Faculty of Engineering & Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia 2020 08 24 2021 04 03 Background: A good quality of seating comfort requires integration of capabilities and limitations of the human body and the occupant’s preferred posture in different seating environments and tasks. This study provides a systematic and comprehensive review of past research related to the correlation between anthropometric parameter to seat pressure variables to determine the impact on comfort and safety in seat design. Methods: This systematic review consisted of PRISMA flow diagram guidelines searched in Web of Science, Scopus, Sciencedirect and Google Scholar from 2009 till January 2020 related to keyword lists. Results: As a result, 26 articles which addressed the correlation between anthropometric parameters and pressure variables were selected. Body mass index and weight were the most influence anthropometric parameter towards the pressure variables. In addition, almost all studies showed that there were medium to strong correlation between the lower body parts and the pressure variables, with R as above 0.5. Conclusion: Comfort and safety depend on the design and ergonomics of the seat to maintain the body posture under complex roads, driving conditions and changing environment. In essence, seat and geometry functions help to reduce fatigue level and improve comfort, safety and health among drivers based on user, task and environment of driving activities. https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/21962 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/21962/7491

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 51 2 2022 02 07 463 465 Buse Dönmez Health Sciences Institute, Kırşehir Ahi Evran University, Kırşehir, Turkey Gökçe Demir Department of Community Health Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Kırşehir Ahi Evran University, Kırşehir, Turkey 2021 03 12 2021 05 06 no Abstract https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/24179 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/24179/7514

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 51 2 2022 02 06 336 344 EN Sung Man Bae Department of Psychology and Psychotherapy, College of Health Science, Dankook University, 119 Dandae-ro, Dongnam-gu, Cheonan, Chungnam, Republic of Korea 2020 01 31 2020 07 28 Background: The purpose of this study was to verify the effects of smartphone usage mo-tives on life satisfaction in older adults, and to examine the mediating effect of digital literacy in the relationship between smartphone use motives and life satisfaction. Methods: Data from 2004 participants of the 2018 Smartphone overdependence survey were analyzed by structural equation modeling. Results: Smartphone use for communication had a positive impact on life satisfaction, and smartphone use for leisure negatively influenced life satisfaction. However, smartphone use for information seeking was not directly related to life satisfaction. Communication and in-formation-seeking use motives positively influenced digital literacy, but smartphone use for leisure did not affect. Digital literacy was also positively related to life satisfaction. Finally, communication use motives influenced life satisfaction partially mediating digital literacy, and smartphone use for information seeking influenced life satisfaction, fully mediating digital literacy. Conclusion: By explaining how smartphone use motives significantly affect senior citizens’ life satisfaction, this study established the further meaningfulness of digital literacy. https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/19620 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/19620/7499

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 51 2 2022 02 06 253 265 EN Khaddouj El Goundali Hassan First University of Settat, Higher Institute of Health Sciences, Laboratory of Health Sciences and Technologies, 26000 Settat, Morocco Milouda Chebabe Hassan First University of Settat, Higher Institute of Health Sciences, Laboratory of Health Sciences and Technologies, 26000 Settat, Morocco Fatima Zahra Laamiri Hassan First University of Settat, Higher Institute of Health Sciences, Laboratory of Health Sciences and Technologies, 26000 Settat, Morocco Abderraouf Hilali Hassan First University of Settat, Higher Institute of Health Sciences, Laboratory of Health Sciences and Technologies, 26000 Settat, Morocco 2021 01 29 2021 04 14 Methods: This systematic review of the determinants of consanguinity among Arab populations was conducted using databases: PubMed, Medline, Direct Science, Scopus, Web of sciences, Springer, Google scholar between 2000 and 2020. Inclusion and exclusion criteria were set. The selection steps were carried out based on PRISMA guidelines. Disagreements in article selection and data extraction were resolved by discussion or recourse to a third reviewer Results: Overall, 25 studies were selected. The synthesis of the results concerning the determinants of Arab inbreeding revealed that several economic, socio-cultural and demographic factors seem to be associated with the choice of this type of marriage, such as socioeconomic status, low level of education especially among women, early age at first marriage, place of residence especially in rural areas, and women's status in the labor market. Conclusion: The relationship between consanguinity and economic, socio-cultural, and demographic factors may be country-specific and highly dependent on the cultural context. Public awareness of genetic risks associated with inbreeding is indispensable. https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/23659 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/23659/7492

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 51 2 2022 02 07 466 468 Enayat Darabi Department of Medical Parasitology & Mycology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Saeid Fathi Department of Parasite Vaccine Research and Production, Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran Soudabeh Heidari Department of Medical Sciences, Shahrood Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shahrood, Iran Mehdi Nateghpour 1. Department of Medical Parasitology & Mycology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran 2. Research Center of Quran, Hadith and Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran 2021 07 26 2021 08 16 No Abstract https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/25696 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/25696/7515

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 51 2 2022 02 06 345 354 Ling Lv Oncology Department of Fuyang People’s Hospital, Fuyang 341202, Anhui Province, China Yiying Liu Nursing Department of Fuyang People’s Hospital, Fuyang 341202, Anhui Province, China Tian Tian Oncology Department of Fuyang People’s Hospital, Fuyang 341202, Anhui Province, China Juan Li Oncology Department of Fuyang People’s Hospital, Fuyang 341202, Anhui Province, China 2021 08 24 2021 10 04 Background: We aimed to explore the effect of self-efficacy intervention combined with humanistic nursing on self-care ability and quality of life in patients receiving chemotherapy for malignant tumors. Methods: A total of 410 patients were enrolled, who received chemotherapy for malignant tumors in Fuyang People’s Hospital from June 2019 to June 2021. They were equally divided into the experimental group and the control group by a random number table. The former was given routine nursing, while self-efficacy intervention combined with humanistic nursing on the bases of routine care was introduced for the latter. Baseline information was collected from all patients. The psychological status of patients before and after intervention was assessed by self-rating anxiety scale (SAS), self-rating depression scale (SDS) and Visual analogue scale (VAS), while self-efficacy score and self-care ability scale for evaluating self-care ability of patients. Additionally, there was an evaluation of quality of life and nursing satisfaction in each group. Results: Before intervention, no significant difference was identified in psychological status, self-care ability and quality of life between the two groups. After the intervention, the above three indexes in the experimental group were significantly better than those of the control group were. The experimental group had higher nursing satisfaction than the control group. Conclusion: In patients with malignant tumor undergoing chemotherapy, self-efficacy intervention combined with humanistic nursing can significantly improve the self-care ability, quality of life and nursing satisfaction of patients, which is therefore worthy of promotion in clinical. https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/26047 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/26047/7500

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 51 2 2022 02 06 266 277 Dariush Jafarzadeh Department of Health Economics, School of Management and Medical Informatics, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran Ramin Rezapour Tabriz Health Services Management Research Center, Health Management and Safety Promotion Research Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran Teimour Abbasi Tabriz Dentistry Hospital, Faculty of Dentistry, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran Jafar Sadegh Tabrizi Tabriz Health Services Management Research Center, Health Management and Safety Promotion Research Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran Maryam Zeinolabedini Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Paramedicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran Assef Khalili Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Paramedicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran Mahmood Yousefi Department of Health Economics, School of Management and Medical Informatics, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran 2020 09 23 2021 04 12 Background: Highly necessary to evaluate the effectiveness of preventive interventions to prioritize them at the community level. We aimed to systematically investigate the related studies on the effects of fluoride varnish and fissure sealant on dental caries in 6-12 children. Methods: We searched PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, Cochrane Library and Scopus databases using Fluoride Varnish, Fissure Sealant, Caries, and Oral Health keywords. The timeframe selected to search for articles is from 2000 to Dec 2020. CMA software: 2 (Comprehensive Meta-Analysis) was used to perform the meta-analysis. The intervention groups in this study were fluoride varnish and fissure sealants, each of them compared to the control groups. Results: We included nine studies. In the intervention group 84,380 and control group 11,254 individuals were studied. Eight of the studies were Randomized Clinical Trial (RCT) and Field RCT, and two was non-RCT. In the overall Fluoride Varnish efficacy study, 4 were fully effective, 1 was ineffective, and all 4 were completely effective for Fissure Sealant. There was a significant difference between decayed, missing, and filled permanent teeth (DMFT) and decayed, missing, and filled primary teeth (dmft) indices in both interventions and comparison groups. Moreover, the mean difference of DMFT for Fluoride Varnish and Fissure Sealant in the intervention and control groups were -0.55 and -0.29, respectively (P=0.00). Conclusion: Due to the efficacy of fissure sealant and fluoride varnish in preventing dental caries in children aged 6-12 yr, these interventions can be considered as health priorities of societies and health systems interventions in countries. https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/22304 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/22304/7493

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 51 2 2022 02 07 469 470 Abdolghader Bahraini Research Institute for Islamic and Complementary Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran 2. School of Persian Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran 3. Student Research Committee, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Mostafa Solati 1. Research Institute for Islamic and Complementary Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran 2. School of Persian Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran 3. Student Research Committee, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Majid Dadmehr 1. Research Institute for Islamic and Complementary Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran 2. School of Persian Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Bagher Minaei Department of Histology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Omid Sadeghpour 1. Research Institute for Islamic and Complementary Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran 2. School of Persian Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran a 2019 06 28 2019 07 20 No Abstract https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/17612 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/17612/7516

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 51 2 2022 02 06 355 363 Kyung A Lim Korea Western Power Co., Ltd., Taean-gun, Chungcheongnam-do, Republic of Korea Jin Hee Lee Department of Nursing, Kwangju Women’s University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea 2021 12 02 2022 02 06 Background: We aimed to identify the factors affecting the quality of life in patients with hematologic disorders. Methods: The sample group of 150 participants was randomly selected from among those who received hemodialysis at three public hospitals in Jeonju and Gwangju provinces and two private hospitals in Seoul, Korea. Among the 150 questionnaires retrieved, 143 were used for analysis, while 7 incomplete questionnaires were excluded. An independent t-test, one-way analysis of variance, Pearson correlation coefficient, and multiple regression analysis were performed to verify the effect on quality of life according to general characteristics such as implementing self-care, stress, and depression in patients receiving hemodialysis. Results: General characteristics of participants accounting for differences in the quality of life were residential area (P<0.001), sex (P=0.031), monthly income (P=0.007), and frequency of dialysis (P=0.023). Moreover, quality of life was significantly and positively correlated with implementing self-care (P<0.001) and significantly and negatively correlated with stress (P<0.001) and depression (P<0.001). The variables affecting quality of life were depression (P<0.001), frequency of dialysis (two times a week) (P=0.008), monthly income (USD $2,000) (P=0.007), implementing self-care (P=0.004), and stress (P=0.010). The explanatory power (R2) of quality of life was 51.3%. Conclusion: This study suggests providing self-nursing education to improve the quality of life of patients receiving hemodialysis. It also seeks ways to improve the patient’s self-efficacy and reduce stress and depression among hemodialysis patients. https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/27073 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/27073/7501

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 51 2 2022 02 06 278 291 EN Maryam Emadzadeh Clinical Research Development Unit, Ghaem Hospital, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran Atieh Mehdizadeh Department of Clinical Nutrition, Qaem Educational, Research and Treatment Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran Payam Sharifan Department of Nutrition, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran Mahdieh Khoshakhlagh Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran Reza Sahebi 1. Department of Modern Sciences and Technologies, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran 2. Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Advanced Technologies, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran Ramin Sadeghi Nuclear Medicine Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran Gordon A. Ferns Brighton & Sussex Medical School, Division of Medical Education, Brighton, UK Majid Ghayour-Mobarhan Metabolic Syndrome Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran 2020 11 02 2021 04 02 Background: Vitamin D plays an essential role in the regulation of bone metabolism. The current meta-analysis aimed to assess the effectiveness of vitamin D fortification on special bone biomarkers. Methods: Five main databases (PubMed/Medline, ISI Web of Knowledge, Science Direct, Scopus, Cochrane Library as well as Science Direct, and Scopus) were considered for this systematic review, until Jan 2020. All randomized controlled trials were included to evaluate the probable relationship between consumption of vitamin D fortification products and bone biomarkers profile in this review. Results: Among serum bone biomarkers (osteocalcin and telopeptides of type-1 collagen) investigated, only the level of telopeptides of type-1 collagen significantly decreased after fortification of vitamin D in the intervention group. A significant increase in vitamin D was seen in those older than 18 yr old, while the increase in younger children was not statistically significant between intervention and control groups. Conclusion: Vitamin D fortification was not associated with a significant improvement in bone mass density (BMD), while it resulted in decreased PTH levels. Vitamin D fortified foods have some benefits on bone health due to increase in the level of vitamin D and IGF-1; and decreasing PTH and CTx levels. https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/22726 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/22726/7494

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 51 2 2022 02 07 471 472 Amirasad Pourabadeh Department of Textile Engineering, Yazd Branch, Islamic Azad University, Yazd, Iran Bentolhoda Mehdizadeh Department of Medical Engineering, South Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran Siroos Shojaei Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Sistan and Baluchestan, Zahedan, Iran Meysam Davoodabadi Farahani Department of Desertification, University of Yazd, Yazd, Iran Saeed Shojaei Faculty of Mining, Petroleum and Geophysics Engineering, Sharood University of Technology, Shahrood, Iran 2019 06 30 2019 07 20 No Abstract https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/17618 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/17618/7517

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 51 2 2022 02 06 364 374 Yangbin Dai Department of Medical Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou 362000, China Zhenjian Jiang Department of Medical Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou 362000, China Yanru Qiu Department of Medical Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou 362000, China Yiping Kang Department of Medical Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou 362000, China Huangzhen Xu Department of Medical Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou 362000, China Tianwen Xu Department of Medical Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou 362000, China 2021 08 12 2021 09 08 Background: We aimed to probe carcinogenic genes associated with colon adenocarcinoma (COAD) development. Methods: The gene expression profile of COAD were downloaded from TCGA. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified; GO and KEGG pathway enrichment were analyzed. Applying the up-mRNA-and-down-miRNA pairs and the down-mRNA-and-up-miRNA pairs, the miRNA target network was generated. The important genes were further analyzed towards the influence on overall survival and immune infiltration. In addition, essential miRNAs were selected for expression validation using real-time qPCR. Results: Together, from 2020-2021, in Central Laboratory of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, we found 3060 up-regulated transcripts and 2254 down-regulated transcripts in mRNA expression, with 235 up-regulated and 263 down-regulated miRNAs. We discovered 98 enriched GO terms using the upregulated DEGs and 315 enriched GO terms using downregulated DEGs. There were 14 enriched KEGG pathways based on the down-regulated DEGs and only one pathway based on the up-regulated DEGs. There were 61 up-mRNA-and-down-miRNA pairs, including 7 miRNAs and 41 carcinogenic targets, among which HOXC13, FOXL2NB, ALOXE3, and ZIC2 were found related to a poorer OS. ZIC2 located at the subnet with the most targets (the miR-129-5p subnet). ZIC2 expression was correlated with immune-cell infiltration. Conclusion: These risk genes, interaction networks, and enrichments may provide a better understanding of the complex molecular mechanisms in COAD development and potential therapeutic targets for clinical treatment of COAD. https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/25925 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/25925/7502

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 51 2 2022 02 06 292 305 Moein Bashiry Department of Food Science and Technology, School of Nutrition Science and Food Technology, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran Fardin Javanmardi Department of Food Science and Technology, National Nutrition & Food Technology Research Institute, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences & Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Musarreza Taslikh Department of Food Science and Technology, National Nutrition & Food Technology Research Institute, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences & Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Zhaleh Sheidaei Department of Food Science and Technology, National Nutrition & Food Technology Research Institute, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences & Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Ehsan Sadeghi Department of Food Science and Technology, School of Nutrition Science and Food Technology, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran Abdol-Samad Abedi Department of Food Science and Technology, National Nutrition & Food Technology Research Institute, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences & Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Adel Mirza Alizadeh Department of Food Science and Technology, National Nutrition & Food Technology Research Institute, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences & Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Fataneh Hashempour-Baltork Department of Food Science and Technology, National Nutrition & Food Technology Research Institute, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences & Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Samira Beikzadeh Department of Food Science and Technology, National Nutrition & Food Technology Research Institute, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences & Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Seyed Mohammad Riahi Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Cardiovascular Diseases Research Center, School of Medicine, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran Hedayat Hossieni Department of Food Science and Technology, National Nutrition & Food Technology Research Institute, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences & Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Amin Mousavi Khaneghah Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Faculty of Food Engineering, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Rua Monteiro Lobato, São Paulo, Brazil 2020 10 05 2021 04 03 Background: The contamination of food products by Listeria monocytogenes as a pathogen bacterium, threatening public health and raised a global concern for a long time. Dairy and meat products and ready-to-eat foods are recognized as the most common carriers for L. monocytogenes. Methods: The related reports of the prevalence of L. monocytogenes in dairy products in Middle East countries from 2009 to 2020 were screened through some of the international databases such as Science Direct, Web of Science, Scopus, PubMed, and Google Scholar. While a random effect model was applied to estimate pooled or overall prevalence, 95% confidence intervals (95%CI) were used. Results: Results showed severe heterogeneity (84.2%) in studies and estimated the overall prevalence of L. monocytogenes dairy food products from the Middle East region of 3.5% (CI: 2.2-5). The highest and lowest prevalence was associated with Jordan (17.6% CI: 9.8-26.9) and Iraq (1.6% CI: 0.3-3.7), respectively. Based on the type of product, the highest and lowest prevalence of L. monocytogenes was recognized for raw cow milk (5.8% CI: 2.7-9.7) and pasteurized cow milk (1.1% CI: 0-8), respectively. Conclusion: There is no justification for severe heterogeneity (I2) of subgroups as prevalence is heterogenic innately, but Jordan and row cow milk subgroups were found to have a considerable effect on overall pooled prevalence. Thus, they were the reason for prevalence changes. https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/22411 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/22411/7495

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 51 2 2022 02 07 473 475 Amirhossein Parsaei Faculty of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Ashkan Mohammadi Kooshki Department of Infectious Diseases, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran Iran Hamid Nasri 3. Department of Internal Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran 4. Nickan Research Institute, Isfahan, Iran Shakiba Hassanzadeh Nickan Research Institute, Isfahan, Iran 2021 11 15 2021 12 28 No Abstract https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/26879 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/26879/7518

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 51 2 2022 02 06 375 385 Şebnem Zorlutuna Department of Econometrics, Faculty of Economics and Administrative Sciences, Sivas Cumhuriyet University, Sivas, Turkey 2020 08 02 2020 11 08 Background: The study aimed to estimate the overall and disease-free survival rates of breast cancer patients and the factors affecting these rates. Methods: In this retrospective study, data were obtained from 686 patients diagnosed with breast cancer in Sivas Cumhuriyet University Faculty of Medicine Research and Application Hospital Oncology Center between 1988 and 2014. Total population sampling method was used. The survival rates at certain periods were determined by creating a Life Table. By using the Kaplan-Meier Analysis, the mean survival times and rates were determined, and whether the variables had an impact on survival was examined. By applying Cox regression analysis, the effect of prognostic factors that are significant on the survival time of breast cancer patients was examined. Results: Overall mean survival time was found as 208.4±11.8 months. According to Kaplan-Meier analysis, 1, 5, 10 and 20-years overall survival rates were 96.6 ± 0.07%, 82.3 ± 1.7%, 64.4 ± 3.4% and 49%± 7.4%, respectively. According to Cox regression analysis results, variables that influence overall survival time were found as disease stage, multicentricity status, ECOG (performance status), presence of diabetes, CA15-3 value, neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio. Moreover, variables that had an impact on the disease-free survival time were found as tumor grade, multicentricity, and ECOG. Conclusion: Many factors other than disease can prolong survival or accelerate death. Considering the findings of this study may be useful in planning the treatment of breast cancer patients have positive affect on overall survival rates. https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/21684 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/21684/7503

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 51 2 2022 02 06 306 317 Hamid Salehiniya Student Research Committee, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Mohammadkarim Bahadori Health Management Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Ghader Ghanizadeh Health Management Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Mehdi Raei Health Research Center, Life Style Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran 2. Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Faculty of Health, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran 2020 09 13 2021 02 27 Background: There is no comprehensive study addressing all the epidemiological aspects of Lung cancer (LC) in Iran, therefore this systematic review investigated the epidemiological aspects of lung cancer in Iran. Methods: The search was performed until the Aug. 2020 on the in international databases based on PRISMA protocol by Pulmonary Neoplasms, Lung Neoplasm, Neoplasm, Lung, Lung Cancer, Cancer, Pulmonary Cancer, Cancer, Pulmonary, Cancers, Cancer of the Lung, Iran, incidence, death, risk factors keywords and different combinations of them. Articles that evaluated epidemiological aspects of lung cancer were included in the analysis. Results: Of 1420 articles, 82 cases were entered the analysis. Based on studies, in Iran, lung cancer has been the most common cancer and its prevalence is increasing. Squamous cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma is the most common type of lung cancer in men and women, respectively. Cigarette smoking, human papilloma virus (HPV) infection, mustard gas, occupational risk factors and genetic factors considered as the major reported risk factors for lung cancer and vegetarian diet as a protective factor. Conclusion: In according to the increasing trend of incidence and mortality of lung cancer in Iran, elimination of the major risk factors can decrease this issue and national comprehensive planning should be considered in health promotion plans. https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/22172 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/22172/7496

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 51 2 2022 02 07 476 478 EN Azad Shokri Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Research Institute for Health Development, Kurdistan University of Medical Sci-ences, Sanandaj, Iran Ghobad Moradi Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Research Institute for Health Development, Kurdistan University of Medical Sci-ences, Sanandaj, Iran Amjad Mohammadi Bolbanabad Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Research Institute for Health Development, Kurdistan University of Medical Sci-ences, Sanandaj, Iran Farhad Moradpour Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Research Institute for Health Development, Kurdistan University of Medical Sci-ences, Sanandaj, Iran Fatemeh Younesi Department of Health Services Management, Faculty of Management and Information, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Teh-ran, Iran Ali Ebrazeh Department of Public Health, School of Public Health, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran 2021 11 28 2021 12 28 No Abstract https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/27019 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/27019/7519

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 51 2 2022 02 06 386 394 Ling Zhang Center for Mental Health, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, China Jinxia Pang Nursing Department, Fuyang Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Fuyang, China Fangli Zhu Public English Department, Anhui Communications Vocational Technical College, Hefei, China 2021 12 05 2022 02 06 Background: As education develops, it proposes increasing requirements on the quality of teachers. Thus, attention on the mental health problems of teachers has also been gaining increasing attention. However, specific studies on the relationship among teachers’ perceived social support, psychache, and psychological resilience remain lacking. Methods: Overall, 430 teachers (including teachers from universities, middle schools, and primary schools) from Zhejiang, Shanghai, Anhui, Hubei, Shanxi, Guangxi and other provinces in China were investigated in 2021 by using perceived social support scale, psychache scale, and psychological resilience scale. Results: Teachers’ perceived social support is below the average, whereas psychache and psychological resilience are above the average. A significant gender difference exists in teachers’ psychache, and female teachers showed significantly higher teachers’ psychache than male teachers (P<0.05). Teachers’ psychache showed significantly negative correlations with perceived social support (r=−0.465, P<0.01) and psychological resilience (r=−0.526, P<0.01), but teachers psychological resilience had a significantly positive correlation with perceived social support (r=0.439, P<0.01). Teachers’ perceived social support (β=−0.465, P<0.01) could make a negative significant prediction of teachers’ psychache, and teachers’ perceived social support (β=0.435, P<0.01) could make a positive significant prediction of teachers’ psychological resilience. Moreover, psychological resilience had partial mediating effect between perceived social support and psychache, which accounts for 37.6% of the total effect. Conclusion: Perceived social support not only is an important factor that influences teachers’ psychache directly but can also influence the psychache of teachers indirectly through psychological resilience. https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/27092 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/27092/7504

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 51 2 2022 02 07 479 480 Maryam Hataminejad Department of Parasitology and Mycology, School of Medicine, Zabol University of Medical Sciences, Zabol, Iran Hakim Azizi Department of Parasitology and Mycology, School of Medicine, Zabol University of Medical Sciences, Zabol, Iran Mansour Dabirzadeh Department of Parasitology and Mycology, School of Medicine, Zabol University of Medical Sciences, Zabol, Iran Mojgan Aryaiepour Department of Medical Parasitology and Mycology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Mahdi Afshari Department of Parasitology and Mycology, School of Medicine, Zabol University of Medical Sciences, Zabol, Iran 2019 07 21 2019 08 14 No Abstract https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/17858 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/17858/7520

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 51 2 2022 02 06 395 399 EN Nurjannah Nurjannah Magister Program of Public Health, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Kuala, Gedung E Pusat Administrasi Fakultas Kedokteran UNSYIAH. Banda Aceh, 23373, Indonesia Marisa Marisa Nutrition Department, Medical School, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Kuala, Gedung E Pusat Administrasi Fakultas Kedokteran UNSYIAH. Banda Aceh, 23373, Indonesia Etika Sari Magister Program of Public Health, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Kuala, Gedung E Pusat Administrasi Fakultas Kedokteran UNSYIAH. Banda Aceh, 23373, Indonesia 2020 06 20 2020 11 08 Background: Similar to Indonesia, Aceh Province also showed a slight decline in neonatal mortality rate. However, the rate is still high compared to other provinces. Efforts to reduce neonatal mortality rate are essential because neonatal deaths contributed up to 71% of all under-five deaths in 2017 in Aceh. Antenatal care and low birth weight are known to be associated with neonatal mortality. The purpose of this study was to map district-level neonatal mortality rate and its determinants (antenatal care and low birth weight) in Aceh to inform policymakers in planning the interventions. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study using publicly available secondary data obtained from Aceh Provincial Health Office. The study used the 2017 data of neonatal mortality rate, percent of 4th antenatal care visit and percent of low birth weight at district level. Thematic maps were produced using ArcMap (V.10.5). The correlation was analyzed using the Spearman rank test. Results: The results indicated the regional variation of neonatal mortality rate across Aceh Province. Districts in the Southern region had lower neonatal mortality rates compared to others. Low birth weight was positively correlated with neonatal mortality rate at district level (Spearman’s Rho=0.545, P=0.007). However, the percent of 4th antenatal care visit at district level was not correlated with neonatal mortality rate (Spearman’s Rho= -0.35, P=0.097). Conclusion: The study identified regional variations of neonatal mortality rate, low birth weight and ante natal care visit. https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/21168 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/21168/7505

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 51 2 2022 02 06 400 408 Kishore Mohammad Majidul Islam Department of Public Health and Management, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China Jiangping Li Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health and Management, Ningxia Medical University, Yin-chuan, China Hongmin Li Department of Public Health, Jining Medical University, Jining, China Huifang Yang Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health and Management, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China 2020 11 22 2021 07 10 Background: Multinational comparative study of the relation of self-rated health (SRH) with health behavior and chronic disease can ease our perception of differences in health factors between countries. We aimed to compare the relation of SRH with health behavior and chronic disease. Methods: We attempted to analyze larger data obtained from 2010 East-Asian-Social-Survey and to compare the situation of China, Japan, South Korea, and Taiwan (Special administrative region of China). As these are neighboring regions having both similarities and differences in socio-demographic aspects as well as environment and cultures. The study was composed of 10,137 participants. Univariate and multiple regression analyses were employed to estimate the Odds Ratio (OR) and 95% Confidence intervals (CI) for SRH and health-related behavior, sociodemographic, chronic disease variables. Results: The number of individuals reporting Good SRH was 6,648, with China having the higher proportion (P=<0.05). There were 3642 (35.9%) who suffered from chronic diseases. Overall, males, age group 18-30, nonreligious, higher education levels, singles, and those living in big cities had higher percentage of good health. Those without chronic diseases had higher percentage of good health (P=<0.05). The consumption of alcohol was associated with poor SRH in all regions. While less physical activity, diabetes mellitus, and ischemic heart disease were also responsible for poor SRH in all regions (P=<0.05). Conclusion: Several health-related behaviors and chronic diseases are associated with poor self-rated health. Effective public health strategies, in promoting healthy lifestyles, and disease prevention intervention should be encouraged. https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/22958 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/22958/7506

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 51 2 2022 02 06 409 415 Zary Nokhodian Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran Behrooz Ataei Nosocomial Infection Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran Mohammad Mehdi Gouya Center for Communicable Disease Control, Ministry of Health and Medical Education, Tehran, Iran Shervin Ghafari Hosseini Cardiac Rehabilitation Research Center, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran Majid Yaran Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran Marjan Mansourian Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Health, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran Mohammad Esmaeil Motlagh Department of Pediatrics, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran Ramin Heshmat Chronic Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Seyed Mohsen Zahraei Nosocomial Infection Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran Roya Kelishadi Department of Pediatrics, Child Growth and Development Research Center, Research Institute for Primordial Prevention of Non-communicable Disease, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran 2019 10 07 2020 07 28 Background: Assessing the prevalence of infections, which are preventable by vaccination, is crucial to monitor the vaccination program efficacy, and it can demonstrate the gaps in population immunity. The current study attempted to assess the specific Immunoglobulin (IgG) antibody against measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR) in Iranian children and adolescents, years after their vaccination. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in Iran. Serum samples of 2100 students, aged 7-18 years, included in a national health survey, were tested for MMR antibodies by ELISA assay. Multistage random cluster sampling was used to select subjects from 30 provinces in Iran. Results: Overall, 1871, 1718, and 1678 serums were tested for measles, mumps, and rubella antibodies, respectively. The prevalence of positive test was 1231 (65.8%) for measles, 1327 (77.2%) for mumps and 1344 (80.1%) for rubella. Conclusion: Despite high vaccination coverage in Iran, IgG antibody against measles, mumps, and rubella was not detected in a considerable proportion of children and adolescents aged 7-18 years. In case of contacts with residents of other countries, where measles or rubella have not yet been eliminated, it may create problems for Iranian children. https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/18573 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/18573/7507

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 51 2 2022 02 06 416 425 Shohreh Naderimagham Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran 2. Elderly Health Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sci-ences, Tehran, Iran Kimiya Gohari 1. Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran 2. Department of Biostatistics, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran Ali Sheidaei 1. Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran 2. Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Hamidreza Jamshidi Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Alireza Namazi Shabestari Department of Geriatric Medicine, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Mitra Modirian National Institute for Medical Research Development (NIMAD), Ministry of Health and Medical Education, Tehran, Iran Nazila Rezaei Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Farzad Kompani Division of Hematology and Oncology, Children's Medical Center, Pediatrics Center of Excellence, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Bahman Damerchilu Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Hamidreza Bahrami-Taghanaki Department of Complementary and Chinese Medicine, Faculty of Persian and Complementary Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran Bagher Larijani Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Farshad Farzadfar Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran 2. Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran 2019 01 14 2019 11 04 Background: Ischemic Heart Diseases (IHDs) are the main causes of deaths all over the world. Since there is no comprehensive study on IHDs mortality rate in Iran, the present study aimed to estimate age-standardized IHDs mortality rate by sex, age, geography, and time trends at both national and sub-national levels in Iran. Methods: We used the Death Registration System (DRS) data from 1990 to 2015 collected by the Iranian Ministry of Health and Medical Education across the country, Tehran, and Isfahan main cemetery, not included in the DRS. Utilized death distribution methods to overcome the incompleteness of data. Statistical models including Spatio-temporal and Gaussian-Process Regression models were used to extrapolate all-cause and cause-specific mortality rates. Results: Age-standardized IHDs mortality rate in Iran almost doubled from 1990 to 2015. Forty-nine deaths per 100.000 population in 1990, which increased to 91.6 deaths per 100.000 in 2015). Male to female age-standardized mortality rate increased from 1.07 to 1.32 during the studied period. Aging was associated with an increase in age-standardized IHDs mortality rate in both sexes, all provinces, and all of the years. The range of age-standardized IHDs mortality rate for both sexes was from 58 to 136.2 deaths per 100,000 across provinces in 2015. Conclusion: Due to the increase in age-standardized IHDs mortality rate in Iran, it seems necessary to design and implement appropriate public health interventions by health authorities to prevent and control this group of diseases. https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/15920 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/15920/7508

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 51 2 2022 02 06 426 437 Sheida Mardani Department of Health Services Management, School of Management, North Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran Khalil Alimohammadzade 1. Department of Health Services Management, School of Management, North Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran 2. Health Economics Policy Research Center, Tehran Medical Sciences Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran Ali Maher 1. Department of Health Services Management, School of Management, North Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran 2. Department of Health Policy, School of Management and Medical Education Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Seyed Mojtaba Hosseini Department of Health Services Management, School of Management, North Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran Kamyar Yaghmaeian Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran 2. Center for Solid Waste Research, Institute for Environmental Research, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran 2020 06 19 2020 10 14 Background: Assessing the performance of hospitals in waste management requires considering several criteria of different types. The multiplicity of the criteria and how they are weighed and, ultimately, the ranking of hospitals; are among the most complex challenges faced by the environmental health authorities. This research tried to assess the capability of four commonly used multi-criteria decision-making methods, as well as a hybrid technique for performance assessment of six hospitals in Tehran City, Iran, in 2018 regarding waste management. Methods: The effective criteria and sub-criteria were identified by reviewing the relevant literature. The data collection tool was a self-constructed checklist developed based upon the identified criteria and sub-criteria and analysis of the collected data was done in MATLAB software. The sample hospitals were ranked based on the scores given to the management performance of hospitals. Results: The final rankings by the different techniques did not differ significantly. According to the results of the hybrid method, among six studied hospitals, the top three hospitals were Hospital C, B, and A respectively, regarding hospital waste reduction criteria. These hospitals generally had an acceptable performance in terms of waste management, especially waste disinfection and separation at the origin. Conclusion: In assessing the performance and ranking of hospitals in terms of waste management, hybrid multi-criteria decision-making techniques can be used as a useful tool in waste management planning. By identifying the areas in need of corrective actions and choosing the appropriate strategy, they pave the way for improving the performance of hospitals in the field of waste management. https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/19750 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/19750/7509

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 51 2 2022 02 06 438 449 Nazanin Fekri Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Mahboubeh Parsaeian Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Abolghasem Pourreza Department of Health Management and Economics, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Ben Swallow School of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK Aminreza Amini Department of Biostatistics, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Abbas Rahimi Foroushani Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran 2020 07 28 2020 11 26 Background: We investigated the impact of cancer incidence on CHE in Iran by considering spatial variation across provinces as well as temporal trends. Methods: Data from Household Income-Expenditure Survey were merged with cancer incidence rates during 2011-2016. We developed a Bayesian hierarchical model to explore the spatial and temporal patterns of CHE and its associated factors at provincial level. We used a Besag-York-Mollie2 prior and a random walk prior for spatial and temporal random effects respectively. All statistical analysis was carried out in R software. Results: All-type cancer incidence (OR per SD (95% CrI) = 1.16 (1.02, 1.32)), unemployment rate (1.08 (1.01, 1.15)) and income equity (0.88 (0.81, 0.97)) have important association with CHE. Percentage of urbanization and percentage of poverty were not statistically significant. Conclusion: The results suggest the development of new policies to protect cancer patients against financial hardship, narrow the gap in income inequality and solve the problem of high unemployment rate to reduce the level of CHE at provincial level. https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/21637 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/21637/7511

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 51 2 2022 02 06 450 459 Hamzeh Salmani Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Mahin Yahyaei Department of Biology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran Reza Raoofian Legal Medicine Research Center, Legal Medicine Organization, Tehran, Iran Shiva Irani Department of Biology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran Iman Salahshouri Far Department of Biology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran Seyed Mohammad Akrami Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran 2021 01 26 2021 03 24 Background: Mutations of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) gene, predominantly in exons 18-21, have been highlighted to function as the crucial predictors of the response rate of patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) to EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs). Methods: This study was performed at Tehran University of Medical Sciences. Data and information were retrospectively collected from the period between Dec 2010 and Apr 2014. Exons 18 to 21 of the EGFR were analyzed for any potential mutation by PCR, accompanied by DNA sequencing on 160 with pathological confirmation of NSCLC. Results: Demographically, the male to female ratio was approximately 2:1, and a substantial difference in age between sexes was not observed (P=0.065), but a noticeable difference was found in the smoking variable, where 77.8% of males were smokers compared to 17.3% of women (odds ratio (OR) (95% CI) = 16.72 (7.15-39.11)). We found a frequency of 10.63% (17/160) for mutations found in exons 19 and 21, nonetheless, no mutations in exon 18 and exon 20 were observed. The most frequently observed mutations were c.2235_2249, del and c.2240_2257, del in exon 19 and p. L858R in exon 21. The c.2253A>G was found as a novel mutation that was the rarest mutation detected in this work. Interestingly, a remarkable negative association was revealed between smoking and mutation rates in NSCLC patients (OR (95% CI) = 0.13 (0.04- 0.46). Conclusion: The occurrence of EGFR mutations is largely varied among the different states of Iran, probably due to variations in ethnicity, smoking rate, and sex ratio of participants. https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/23627 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/23627/7512