Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 48 11 2019 11 03 1960 1970 Minsu PARK Department of Biomedical Chemistry, Konkuk University, Chungju, Korea AND Department of Food and Nutrition, KC University, Seoul, Korea Hyeon Kyeong CHOI Department of Food and Nutrition, KC University, Seoul, Korea AND Department of Food Science and Technology, Seoul National University of Science & Technology, Seoul, Korea Jeung Hee AN Department of Food and Nutrition, KC University, Seoul, Korea 2019 11 03 Background: We aimed to elucidate the preventive effects of taurine against osteopenia in ovariectomized (OVX) rats and the mechanisms by which taurine regulates osteoblastogenesis in vitro and in vivo. Methods: The effects of the taurine on human osteoblast MG-63 cell differentiation and osteoblastogenesis effect in OVX rat were examined Konkuk University in 2018 by evaluating osteoblast differentiation, and expression of osteoblast-specific factors by western blotting analysis. Results: Taurine supplementation significantly improved alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity and mineralization in a concentration-dependent manner. Further, taurine induced the expression of osteogenic growth factors such as bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2), runt-related transcription factor 2 (RUNX2), small mothers against decapentaplegic 1/5/8 (SMAD1/5/8), wingless-type MMTV integration site family member 3A (Wnt3a), and collagen type 1 (COL-1) via mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and serine/threonine protein kinase (Akt). Moreover, the RUNX2 activity of the taurine-treated group was enhanced by protein-protein interactions such as Wnt3a-induced p-AKT/RUNX2 and BMP-mediated SMADs/MAPK/RUNX2 interactions. Conclusion: Our in vitro and in vivo results suggested that taurine can be considered as a potential therapeutic candidate agent for preventing bone loss in postmenopausal osteoporosis. https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/18833 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/18833/6561

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 48 11 2019 11 02 1945 1951 Huahui LIU Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China Wen HUANG Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China 2019 11 02 Background: We aimed to investigate whether the polymorphisms of gene heparan sulfate proteoglycan 2 (HSPG2) and chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan 2 (CSPG2) are associated with increased risk of intracranial aneurysms (IAs) susceptibility. Methods: The Cochrane Library, Medline, PubMed, and Embase databases were carefully searched for potential researches before Mar 30, 2018. The title, abstract, and full text were assessed to determine whether the paper was suitable for inclusion. The pooled odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were presented to assess the associations between CSPG2 and HSPG2 polymorphisms and IAs susceptibility. Results: We enrolled 7 papers, 4 matched single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of CSPG2 (rs173686, rs251124) or HSPG2 (rs173686, rs251124), and a total of 8651 participations (3674 with IAs and 4977 for control). For the rs251124 polymorphism of CSPG2, the quantitative synthesis from 5 studies showed significant difference in the gene allele comparison of T vs. C (OR, 1.129; 95% CI, 1.029, 1.238; P=0.01). Similar results were found for rs3767137 of HSPG2 (A vs. G, OR, 0.842, 95% CI=0.759-0.935, P=0.001). However, for the rs173686 polymorphism of CSPG2 and rs7556412 polymorphism of HSPG2, no significant difference was found (P=0.259 and P=0.474, respectively) Conclusion: The SNPs rs251124 of CSPG2 and rs3767137 of HSPG2 had statistically significant associations with IAs susceptibility. The minor allele T of rs251124 demonstrated a harmful effect but the minor allele A of rs3767137 demonstrated a protective role with regard to the risk of IAs. However, no such associations were found in the SNPs rs173686 of CSPG2 and rs7556412 of HSPG2. https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/18822 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/18822/6558

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 48 11 2019 11 04 2074 2078 Afsaneh BAZGIR Department of Medical Genetics, Fardis Central Lab, Alborz, Iran Mehdi AGHA GHOLIZADEH Department of Medical Genetics, Fardis Central Lab, Alborz, Iran Faezeh SARVAR Department of Medical Genetics, Fardis Central Lab, Alborz, Iran Zahra PAKZAD Department of Medical Genetics, Fardis Central Lab, Alborz, Iran 2019 11 04 Autosomal recessive primary microcephaly (MCPH) is a rare genetic disorder, leading to the defect of neurogenic brain development. Individuals with MCPH reveal reduced head circumference and intellectual disability. Several MCPH loci have been identified from several populations. Genetic heterogeneity of this disorder represents molecular testing challenge. An 8 yr old female, born from consanguineous parents, was attended to Fardis Central Lab, Alborz, Iran. Based on the reduced circumference and intellectual disability, MCPH was diagnosed. Whole exome sequencing of the patient identified a novel homozygous frameshift mutation (c.2738dupT, p.Cys914fs) in exon 9 Abnormal Spindle-like Microcephaly )ASPM( gene. By Sanger sequencing, segregation analysis showed that both parents were heterozygous carriers for this variant. The novel frameshift mutation likely truncates the protein, resulting in loss of normal function ASPM in homozygous mutation carriers. The study might add a new pathogenic variant in mutations of the ASPM gene as a causative variant in patients with MCPH and might be helpful in genetic counseling of consanguineous families. https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/18855 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/18855/6576

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 48 11 2019 11 04 2083 2085 Jinkui LU School of Sport, Shangrao Normal University, Jiangxi Shangrao, P.R. China Yongsheng XU School of Sport, Shangrao Normal University, Jiangxi Shangrao, P.R. China Yongli XU School of Sport, Shangrao Normal University, Jiangxi Shangrao, P.R. China Gang LIU School of Sport, Shangrao Normal University, Jiangxi Shangrao, P.R. China Jianming XIANG School of Sport, Shangrao Normal University, Jiangxi Shangrao, P.R. China 2019 11 04 No Abstract No Abstract No Abstract https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/18857 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/18857/6578

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 48 11 2019 11 04 2070 2073 Roya ALASVAND JAVADI Student Research Committee, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran AND Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran Forough KAZEMI Student Research Committee, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran AND Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran Somayeh FALLAHIZADEH Student Research Committee, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran AND Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran Reza ARJMAND Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran AND Health Research Institute, Infectious and Tropical Diseases Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran 2019 11 04 Background: Intestinal parasitic infections (IPIs) are frequently considered one of the public health problems worldwide. Therefore, we aimed to evaluate the prevalence of IPIs among patients. Methods: In this Retrospective cross-sectional study, 50000 stool samples (24551 males) were collected among males and females referred to Naft Hospital of Ahvaz, southern Iran during 2007-2017. At first, the collected specimens were macroscopically observed for the presence of trophozoites, eggs, cysts using the procedure of direct as well as the method of formalin-ether concentration. Results: Of 50000 samples, 2878 (5.75%) cases were positive for IPIs that 1426 and 1452 cases were observed in the males and females, respectively. Giardia lamblia with 887 (1.774%) cases, Blastocystis hominis with 784 (1.568%) cases, Entamoeba histolytica/dispar with 685 (1.37%) cases, E. coli with 357 (0.714%) cases, Trichomonas hominis with 43 (0.086%) cases, Chilomastix mesnili with 40 (0.08%) cases, Hymenolepis nana with 38 (0.076%) cases, Lodamoeba butschlii with 25 (0.05%) cases, Endolimax nana with 18 (0.036%) cases, Taenia saginata proglottid with one (0.002%) case were found. Conclusion: Our finding showed a relatively high prevalence of IPIs among people referred to Naft Hospital of Ahvaz, southern Iran during 2007-2017. https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/18854 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/18854/6575

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 48 11 2019 11 03 1971 1978 Jing GUAN School of Economics, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, China Guojun WANG School of Insurance and Economics, University of International Business and Economics, Beijing, China Chunli GENG Sales Management Department, PICC Property and Casualty Company Limited, Beijing, China 2019 11 03 Background: There is a lack of specific study of the impact of physical activities on middle-aged and elderly adults in developing countries. We aimed to investigate the causal impact of different levels of physical activity on self-rated health status for Chinese adults with an average age of 61 yr from years 2011 to 2015. Methods: China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) conducted by the Peking University of China was utilized which was a longitudinal database and thus allowed to control for the effect of unobserved individual heterogeneities. In this study, this control was carried out using fixed effect and propensity score matching methods. In addition, this study further took into consideration of the discrete feature of our response variable, self-rated health status, by applying an ordered logit model. Results: Participating in moderate-to-vigorous physical activity significantly increased individuals’ self-rated health status (P<.05) whereas lower intensity physical activity did not increase individuals’ self-rated health status. Conclusion: Moderate-to-vigorous physical activity is an important instrument to improve the health status of middle-aged and elderly population in China. Government should encourage people to involve in more moderate-to-vigorous physical activity as it is an efficient way to improve individuals’ health status.  https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/18835 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/18835/6562

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 48 11 2019 11 03 1952 1959 Zhiwei ZHANG Department of Nursing, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar, Heilongjiang Province, China Bojun LI The Second Clinical Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, China Zhichao WANG Department of Academic Theory Research, Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar, Heilongjiang Province, China Lina WU School of Medical Technology, Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar, Heilongjiang Province, China Lili SONG Department of Anesthesiology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar, Heilongjiang Province, China Yexiang YAO Department of Social Medicine and Health Management, School of Public Health, Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar, Hei-longjiang Province, China 2019 11 03 Background: We aimed to systematically evaluate the efficacy of high-voltage pulsed current (HVPC) in the treatment of pressure ulcer. Methods: We searched the databases of PubMed, Cochrane Library, Elsevier and EMBASE to identify randomized controlled studies on the application of HVPC in pressure ulcer treatment, up to January 2019. Two authors independently screened the literature according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, extracted the data and evaluated the quality. RevMan 5.3 software was used for statistical analysis. Four randomized controlled trials involving a total of 176 patients were included in the study. Results: Meta-analysis showed that the percentage of wound area reduction in the HVPC treatment group was higher than that in the control group (95%CI 24.59, 47.76, P<0.001). Descriptive analysis showed that there was no significant difference in wound healing between the HVPC treatment group and the control group. One study reported that there was contact dermatitis, and the rest of the studies reported no adverse events. Conclusion: Compared with the conventional therapy, the combination with HVPC therapy can reduce the area of pressure ulcers more effectively. However, due to the small number of the studies included in this evaluation, the conclusions need to be verified by more high-quality studies. https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/18831 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/18831/6559

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 48 11 2019 11 04 2079 2082 Evren GUMUS Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Harran, Sanliurfa, Turkey 2019 11 04 In the present paper, we report two rare cases of Down syndrome (DS); mosaic Down-Turner syndrome and DS with rob (13;14). Patient 1 karyotype is mos 45,X[41] / 47, XX,+21[59] and patient 2 karyotype is 46, XY, rob (13;14)(q10;q10),+21. With these two unusual cases, we aimed to look at the most common numerical and structural chromosome anomalies from a different window and evaluate the phenotypic effect in the presence of different chromosomal anomalies. Our main goal is to evaluate the phenotypic charancome, occupation, region (urban vs. rural), and parental education. Conclusion: This result suggests a fast and ongoing trend in age at menarche and the socioeconomic discrepancy among Korean women in the last four decades.     https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/14576 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/14576/6106

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 47 9 2018 08 29 1418 1422 Shokrollah SALMANZADEH Infectious and Tropical Diseases Research Center, Ahvaz Jndishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran Mahmoud RAHDAR Dept. of Medical Mycoparasitology, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran Sharif MARAGHI Health Research Institute, Thalassemia, and Hemoglobinopathy Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran Fatemeh MANIAVI Shafa Hospital, Ahvaz Jndishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran 2018 08 29 2018 08 29 Myiasis is caused by invasion of larvae stage of dipterans fly in living tissue of vertebrate host including human and animals. The most important family is Calliphoridae and included Calliphora, Lucilia, Chrysomyia and Cochliomyia genus. A 35-yr-old man with gastric cancer history referred to Golestan Hospital in Ahvaz Southwest of Iran in 2015. He was infected by nasal myiasis from Lucilia spp. in ICU. The genus of third larvae stage was identified by microscopic examination and culture of pupa. The population of flies inducing myiasis should be controlled in hospitals.   https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/14599 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/14599/6125

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 47 9 2018 08 29 1425 1428 Joo-Young LEE Dept. of Preventive Dentistry and Public Oral Health, Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project, Yonsei, University College of Dentistry, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea Gyeong-Soon HAN Dept. of Dental Hygiene, College of Health Science, Gachon University, 191 Hambangmoe-ro, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon, Republic of Korea 2018 08 29 2018 08 29 Awareness of Korean Dental Professionals about the Need for Autonomy in Dental Hygiene Practice https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/14601 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/14601/6127

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 47 9 2018 08 29 1260 1270 Jie GUO Dept. of Pathogenic Biology, Shenyang Medical College, Shenyang, China AND Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Microecology of Liaoning Province, Shenyang, China Mingyue MA Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Microecology of Liaoning Province, Shenyang, China Chunling XIAO Dept. of Pathogenic Biology, Shenyang Medical College, Shenyang, China AND Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Microecology of Liaoning Province, Shenyang, China Chunqing ZHANG Shenyang Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenyang, China Jianping CHEN Shenyang Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenyang, China Hong LIN Shenyang Environmental Monitoring Center Station, Shenyang, China Yiming DU Shenyang Environmental Monitoring Center Station, Shenyang, China Min LIU Shenyang Environmental Monitoring Center Station, Shenyang, China 2018 08 29 2018 08 29 Background: We aimed to evaluate the risk factors of the daily mortality associated with air pollution causing acute lower respiratory tract infections. Methods: We applied a short time series analysis to the air pollution record, meteorological data and 133 non-accidental death data in Shengyang, China, in 2013-2015. After controlling the seasonality, day of week and weather conditions, the group employed an over-dispersed Possion generalized addictive model to discuss the associations among different variables, then performed the stratified analysis according to age, gender, and season. Results: Mean concentrations of particulate matter with aerodynamic diameters of < 10 μm (PM10) and < 2.5 μm (PM2.5), sulfur dioxide (SO2), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), and ozone (O3) were 122.4, 74.8, 79.4, 47.7, and 86.2 μg/m3, respectively. An increase of 10 μg/m3 in the 8-day moving average concentrations of PM10, PM2.5, SO2, NO2, and O3 corresponded to 0.18% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.10%, 0.26%), 0.21% (95% CI: 0.11%, 0.31%), 0.16% (95% CI: 0.04%, 0.30%), 0.43% (95% CI: 0.07%, 0.90%), and 0.10% (95% CI: -0.08%, 0.31%) increase in the daily mortality. The effects of air pollution lasted 9 days (lag 0-8), and they were more statistically significant in the elderly than in other age groups. Conclusion: These findings clarified the burden of air pollution on the morbidity of acute lower respiratory tract infections and emphasized the urgency of the control and prevention of air pollution and respiratory diseases in China.   https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/14578 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/14578/6107

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 47 9 2018 08 29 1429 1430 Siavash HAMZEH POUR Dept. of Pathobiology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Maryam NAJAFI Trauma Research Center, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran Nima DANAEI KOIK Dept. of Medical Entomology and Vector Control, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran 2018 08 29 2018 08 29 Emergency Department Response in Dealing with Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever Patients https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/14602 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/14602/6128

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 47 9 2018 08 29 1271 1279 Zeng ZHUANPING School of Public Health, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510310, China Liao RIFANG Dept. of Pharmacy, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China Chen QING Dept. of Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China Chen SIDONG School of Public Health, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510310, China 2018 08 29 2018 08 29 Background: To examine whether polymorphisms of SIRT1 and dietary product intake can be implicated in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Methods: In this community-based, case-control study, 568 subjects (284 patients and 284 controls) were enrolled in a community located in northern Guangzhou, China. The four polymorphisms of SIRT1 (rs4746720, rs10509291, rs2236319, rs10823116) were examined using TaqMan nuclease technology. The dietary data were collected by an inquiring officer through face-to-face method. Results: The rs4746720 CC+TT genotype had higher risk compared with CT genotype to develop T2DM [odds ratio (OR) =1.42, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.02-1.97]. The subjects with rs4746720 CC+TT genotype and eat sugar food over 30g per day increased the risk of T2DM to 2.22(1.21-4.06) times. The subjects with rs4746720 CC+TT genotype and smoking increased the risk of T2DM to 1.65 (1.10-2.47) times. The unhealthy eating habits such as red meat, salty food, use animal fat yielded higher risks of T2DM, the OR of risk of T2DM was 2.89 (1.38-6.01), 2.73 (1.61-4.64) and 27.91(9.24-84.32) respectively. However, the milk, soy, white meat, vegetables and low-salt diet decreased the risk of T2DM, the OR of risk of T2DM was 0.51 (0.29-0.88), 0.43 (0.26-0.74), 0.51(0.32-0.83), 0.21(0.10-0.44), 0.28(0.12-0.65), 0.35(0.21-0.51) respectively. Conclusion: Variants in SIRT1 with rs4746720 CC+TT genotype increased the risk of T2DM, especially with the unhealthy eating habits.   https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/14579 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/14579/6108

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 47 9 2018 08 29 1431 1432 Davoud SHOJAEEZADEH Dept. of Health Education and Promotion, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Hashem HESHMATI Dept. of Public Health, School of Health, Torbat Heydariyeh University of Medical Sciences, Torbat Heydariyeh, Iran 2018 08 29 2018 08 29 Integration of Health Education and Promotion Models for Designing Health Education Course for Promotion of Student's Capabilities in Related to Health Education https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/14603 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/14603/6129

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 47 9 2018 08 29 1280 1290 Muhammad Haris MAZHER Institute of Geographic Information Systems, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, National University of Sciences and Technology, Islamabad, Pakistan Javed IQBAL Institute of Geographic Information Systems, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, National University of Sciences and Technology, Islamabad, Pakistan Muhammad Ahsan MAHBOOB Institute of Geographic Information Systems, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, National University of Sciences and Technology, Islamabad, Pakistan Iqra ATIF Institute of Geographic Information Systems, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, National University of Sciences and Technology, Islamabad, Pakistan 2018 08 29 2018 08 29 Background: Remote sensing have been intensively used across many disciplines, however, such information was limited in spatial epidemiology. Methods: Two years (2009 & 2010) Landsat TM satellite data was used to develop vegetation, water bodies, air temperature and humidity criterion maps to model malaria risk and its spatiotemporal seasonal variation. The criterion maps were used in weighted overlay analysis to generate final categorized malaria risk map. Results: Overall, 25%, 68%, 18% and 16% of the total area of Rawalpindi region was categorized as danger zone for Jun 2009, Oct 2009, Jan 2010 and Jun 2010, respectively. The malaria risk reached at its peak during the monsoon season whereas air temperature and relative humidity were the main contributing factors in seasonal variation. Conclusion: Malaria risk maps could be used for prioritizing areas for malaria control measures.     https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/14580 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/14580/6109

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 47 9 2018 08 29 1433 1434 Maryan PITYN Lviv State University of Physical Culture, Lviv, Ukraine Viktoria PASICHNYK Lviv State University of Physical Culture, Lviv, Ukraine Yaroslav GALAN Yuriy Fedkovych Chernivtsi National University, Chernivtsi, Ukraine Valeryi MELNYK Lviv State University of Physical Culture, Lviv, Ukraine Zoryana SEMERYAK Lviv State University of Physical Culture, Lviv, Ukraine 2018 08 29 2018 08 29 Morbidity Patterns of Preschool-age Children https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/14604 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/14604/6130

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 47 9 2018 08 29 1291 1298 Mehdi REZAEI Dept. of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea Myoungsug CHUNG Dept. of Industrial Engineering, Ajou University, Suwon, Republic of Korea Taikyeong JEONG College of Business, CHA University, Pocheon-si, Republic of Korea 2018 08 29 2018 08 29 Background: We aimed to investigate the trends of interested and extra time spending activities in order to find potential correlation between computer-based activities (CBA) and healthy lifestyle (HLA). Methods: Information was adapted from the South Korea governmental open source database which gathered from official measurement statistical results. Various types of the interested and extra time spending activities were categorized into eight main activities based on the library research and expert comments. Moreover, two main categories of sports and outdoor activity (S&OA) were found to be attributed to HLA. Descriptive and analytical statistics analyses, besides correlation analysis were conducted; through Kolmogorov-Smirnov test for normalizing data and Fisher's exact test for making the comparison. Results: Among demographic variables, watching and listening as well as social activities, were the most interesting activities for almost all citizens, furthermore computer games and social network system (CG&SNS) were found to have a negative association with HLA. Conclusion: Newly emerged computer-based activities, such as game behavior, would be among the main determinates of the HLA. The associated implications are provided to assist the authorities and governments in making the policy and planning.   https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/14581 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/14581/6110

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 47 9 2018 08 29 1435 1436 Malihe TABARRAI School of Traditional Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Zahra NIKTABE School of Traditional Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Nematollah MASOUDI School of Traditional Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Tahereh EFTEKHAAR Dept. of Pelvic Floor, Imam Khomeini Hospital Complex, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran 2018 08 29 2018 08 29 Avicenna`s Point about Bladder Gas as a Cause of Interstitial Cystitis https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/14605 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/14605/6131

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 47 9 2018 08 29 1299 1306 Selma KAHRAMAN Dept. of Public Health Nursing, School of Health, Harran University, Sanliurfa, Turkey Hülya KARATAŞ Dept. of Public Health Nursing, School of Health, Harran University, Sanliurfa, Turkey 2018 08 29 2018 08 29 Background: we aimed to determine the existing state analysis of children on the street and also attending to a school. The children’s ages were between 13-18 yr, attending grades between 7-12th grade. Methods: The sample group was 54,928 students in Sanliurfa, Turkey. The data were analyzed using Chi-square test (P<0.05). Results: 82.8% of working children were male. 92.5% were elder than 12 yr old and 85.8 % had more than 4 siblings. 52.7% of the families’ income was less than 1,000 TL per month. 79.9% of the children had worked in different places before. The distribution of working places was 66.4% in an establishment, 9.5% in the fields, 7.5% in the bazaar and in the streets, 2.8% in bus terminal, 2.9% in industry, 2.5% in parks. The 46.3% of the children stated that they are working willingly. 50.7% were working 6 to 10 h a day. 64.4% were giving the money they earned to their families. 82.1% of the children stated that they liked to attend the school but 62.8% sometimes did not go to school. 20.6% went to work instead of school in those days. The 62.2% of the children answered the question; “According to you, should the children work?” with;”No”. Conclusion: The children started working at very early ages and they faced unfavorable situations. To avoid the children work in very early ages, it is suggested to make educational programs and to compose policies to resolve the problems that force the children to go to work.     https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/14582 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/14582/6111

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 47 9 2018 08 29 1437 1438 Rahim SOROURI Applied Microbiology Research Center, Microbiology Department, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Shoaib KHADAMORADI Applied Microbiology Research Center, Microbiology Department, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Azad KHALEDI Antimicrobial Resistance Research Center, Avicenna Research Institute, Dept. of Microbiology and Virology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran AND Dept. of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran Amir Hossein ABADI Applied Microbiology Research Center, Microbiology Department, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Davoud ESMAEILI Applied Microbiology Research Center, Microbiology Department, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran 2018 08 29 2018 08 29 The Prevalence of virB2 and 16SrRNA Genes of Brucella Isolated from Clinical Samples of Hospitals, Western Iran https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/14606 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/14606/6132

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 47 9 2018 08 29 1307 1315 Supa PENGPID ASEAN Institute for Health Development, Mahidol University, Salaya, Phutthamonthon, Nakhonpathom, Thailand Dept. of Research Innovation and Development, University of Limpopo, Sovenga, South Africa Karl PELTZER Dept. for Management of Science and Technology Development, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam. Faculty of Pharmacy, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam 2018 08 29 2018 08 29 Background: Quality of life is a key measure in estimating the burden of disease, especially of chronic diseases. This study investigated the impact of a variety of chronic diseases on quality of life (QoL) in primary health care patients in three Southeast Asian countries (Cambodia, Myanmar, and Vietnam). Methods: This cross-sectional survey was conducted on 4803 adult chronic disease patients (mean age 49.3 yr; SD=16.5) recruited systematically from primary health care centers in rural and urban areas in Cambodia, Myanmar and Vietnam in 2015. Results: In ANCOVA analysis, adjusted for age, sex, marital status, geo locality, education, income and country, the poorest summative QoL was found among patients with cancer (49.8 mean score), followed by Parkinson’s disease (50.7), mental disorder (53.2), epilepsy (53.3), asthma (54.3), kidney disease (54.3), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) (54.5) and cardiovascular diseases (CVD) (55.1). Patients having three or more chronic conditions had a significantly lower summative QoL than patients with two chronic conditions (56.4) and one chronic condition (58.0). In multivariable linear regression analysis, younger age, being married or cohabitating, better education, living in an urban area, having only one chronic condition, not experiencing chronic disease stigma and good medication adherence was associated with better QoL in two or three of the study countries. Conclusion: Major chronic diseases were found to have poor QoL. The determined QoL of chronic disease patients in this study provides information to improve the management of chronic diseases.     https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/14583 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/14583/6112

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 47 9 2018 08 29 1316 1325 Jing XU College of Business, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China Yue TIAN College of Business, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China Siting WANG College of Business, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China Yixuan LU College of Business, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China 2018 08 29 2018 08 29 Background: The Migrated Agricultural Population (MAP) of China continues to increase with the continuous development of urbanization. As MAP is a socially disadvantaged group, their mental health issues require urgent attention. Methods: An ordinary least squares regression model was established by using the newest survey data from the 2016 Chinese General Social Survey. Moreover, the effects of income and psychological identification on the mental health status of China’s MAP were also examined using the Stata 12.0 software. The differences in the examination results under the influence of gender, educational level, and marital factors were compared. Results: The mental health level of China’s MAP is affected by both income and psychological identification. Specifically, income has a more significant influence on men's mental health, whereas psychological identification is more significant for women. The mental health of MAP with spouses or those who received secondary education also reflects the overall characteristics of the sample. By contrast, those without spouses or those who did not receive other forms of education are mainly affected by psychological identification. Additionally, the mental health of the unmarried group is mainly affected by the family’s actual income and subjective well-being based on the psychological identification. Conclusion: The influence of income and psychological identification on the mental health of China’s MAP shows population differences. Therefore, different emphasis should be placed on the interventions of mental health in various groups of MAP. This study can provide decision-making references for the mental health management and psychological pressure counseling of MAP.   https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/14585 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/14585/6113

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 47 9 2018 08 29 1326 1334 Wenfei WANG Humanistic Medicine Research Center, Shandong University, 107 Wenhua Xi Road, Jinan 250012, China AND Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, 107 Wenhua Xi Road, Jinan 250012, China Zhaogang DONG Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, 107 Wenhua Xi Road, Jinan 250012, China Xin ZHANG Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, 107 Wenhua Xi Road, Jinan 250012, China Wei LI Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, 107 Wenhua Xi Road, Jinan 250012, China Peilong LI Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, 107 Wenhua Xi Road, Jinan 250012, China Xiaoyang CHEN Humanistic Medicine Research Center, Shandong University, 107 Wenhua Xi Road, Jinan 250012, China AND Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, 107 Wenhua Xi Road, Jinan 250012, China 2018 08 29 2018 08 29 Background: High-fat diets have been considered a risk factor for sporadic colorectal cancer (CRC) in Western countries. However, data for this phenomenon are lacking in China. The purpose of this study was to comprehensively evaluate the association between diet and the risk for sporadic CRC in Shandong Province, China. Methods: In this case-control study, 317 patients with sporadic CRC and 317 controls were collected in Shandong Province, China. All the samples were collected on the basis of rigorous screening criteria. The data were analyzed using a χ2 test, univariate or multivariate conditional logistic regression, and stratified analysis. Results: Multivariate logistic regression showed that the following are risk factors for sporadic CRC (all P<0.05): consumption of pork, fried food or barbecued meat; high Body Mass Index (BMI); alcohol abuse; psychosis; and the presence of a factory causing pollution near the home. Moreover, univariate analysis revealed the following qualities were also positively associated with CRC (all P<0.05): intake of animal oil, consuming brawn and kipper, smoking, exhibiting frequent anger, and poor sleep quality. Eating fresh fruit was inversely correlated with the incidence of CRC (P=0.012). Further stratified analysis demonstrated that BMI and the consumption of fried food, barbecued meat, or garlic were correlated with colon cancer. However, alcohol abuse and psychosis were related to an increased risk for rectal cancer. Conclusion: Dietary factors are related to sporadic CRC in Shandong Province. Future interventions should focus on reducing the related risk factors while advocating for practice of the protective factors.      https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/14587 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/14587/6114

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 47 9 2018 08 29 1335 1343 Ozra TABATABAEI-MALAZY Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran AND Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Masumeh NORANI Osteoporosis Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Ramin HESHMAT Chronic Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Mostafa QORBANI Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran Afsaneh VOSOOGH Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Behnaz AFRASHTEH Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Farzin KAHKESHAN Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Arman AJAMI Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Bagher LARIJANI Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran 2018 08 29 2018 08 29 Background: Due to high cost and burden of osteoporosis, it is reasonable to focus on the reduction of fractures as the main goal of treatment. We compared the efficacy and safety of a new biosimilar recombinant human parathyroid hormone (CinnoPar®, CinnaGen, Iran) to the reference product (Forteo®, Eli Lilly, USA) in a randomized double-blind clinical trial (RCT). Methods: Overall, 104 osteoporotic postmenopausal women aged 45-75 yr were randomized to receive 20 µg daily subcutaneous injections of either Forteo® or CinnoPar® for 6-months from 2011-2012. Bone biomarkers were measured at baseline, and during first, third, and sixth month's follow-up along with lumbar spine, total hip, and femoral neck bone mineral density (BMD) assessment at the baseline and six months after that. The study was registered in Iranian registry of clinical trials under the registration number of IRCT138810121414N5. The endpoints were to compare bone biomarkers, BMD and drug safety between groups. Data analysis was performed using SPSS 11. Results: Age range of ninety-four patients who completed the study was 42-81 yr. Participants were divided into Forteo (45 subjects) and CinnoPar (49 subjects) groups. No significant difference in terms of bone biomarkers or BMD scores was shown between groups (P≥0.05). The most prevalent side effects were hypercalcemia and hypercalciuria without any significant statistical differences between groups. Conclusion: CinnoPar® can be considered as a good alternative therapy for Forteo® in postmenopausal osteoporotic women due to its comparable efficacy and safety properties.     https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/14589 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/14589/6115

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 47 9 2018 08 29 1344 1352 Bijan PIRNIA Dept. of Psychology, Faculty of Humanities, University of Science and Culture, Tehran, Iran AND Behavioral Sciences Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Ali Akbar SOLEIMANI Dept. of Psychology, Faculty of Humanities, University of Science and Culture, Tehran, Iran Parastoo MALEKANMEHR Dept. of Psychology, Faculty of Humanities, Branch of Hamadan, Islamic Azad University, Hamadan, Iran Kambiz PIRNIA Technical Assistant in Bijan Center for Substance Abuse Treatment, Tehran, Iran Alireza ZAHIRODDIN Dept. of Psychiatry, Behavior Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran 2018 08 29 2018 08 29 Background: Topiramate facilitates gamma aminobutyric acid (GABA) transference and an ideal candidate for reducing cocaine use in methadone patients. The present study evaluated topiramate in Dual dependence on opiate and cocaine. Methods: This placebo-controlled study (Clinical Trial Registration Code: TCTR20170201001) conducted during the period 2013–2014, Cocaine-dependent individuals maintained on methadone (n=50) were randomized to receive topiramate or identical placebo capsules. Participants' dosage ranged between 25-300 mg/day (12 wk) in escalating doses. Methadone Doses started at 30 mg/day (median 100 mg/day; range 20 –140 mg/day). In addition, all subjects received brief behavioral compliance enhancement treatment (BBCET). The data were analyzed by Chi-square Test, generalized estimating equations (GEE) models, linear mixed effects (LME) model and Analysis of covariance (ANCOVA). Primary outcome measures included twelve weekly urine drug screens (cocaine abstinence, detection of benzoylecgonine) and treatment retention. Secondary outcome measures included correlation between cocaine craving with cocaine urine samples and Side effects of depression. Results: Topiramate was not better than placebo in reducing cocaine use. The secondary outcome showed that Topiramate was better than placebo in reducing cocaine craving. The mean [99% confidence interval (CI)] scores of cocaine craving were 24.31 (18.61–30.01) in experimental group and 21.84 (16.86–26.81) in control group (all P > 0.01). Retention and correlation between cocaine craving and cocaine urine samples were not significantly different between the groups. Topiramate usage was not associated with increase in depression symptoms as a side effect (P>0.05). Conclusion: The efficacy of topiramate in cocaine treatment is limited and needs the similar controlled clinical trials and can be used as a complementary intervention.   https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/14590 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/14590/6116

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 47 9 2018 08 29 1353 1362 Mohammad ASGHARI JAFARABADI Road Traffic Injury Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran AND Dept. of Statistics and Epidemiology, Faculty of Health, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran Haidar NADRIAN Dept. of Health Education and Promotion, Faculty of Health, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran Hamid ALLAHVERDIPOUR Clinical Psychiatry Research Center, Dept. of Health Education and Promotion, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran 2018 08 29 2018 08 29 Background: To investigate the determinants of smoking behavior among Iranian adolescents applying the Prototype/Willingness (P/W) Model. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, a self-administered P/W model-based questionnaire was completed between 760 randomly selected adolescents (high school students and dropouts) in Hamadan, Iran, in 2015. Generalized structural equation modeling (GSEM) was applied to analyze data. Results: Significant associations were found between subjective norms and positive attitudes toward smoking (P<0.001). The behavioral intention was also significantly related to the willingness and subjective norms (P<0.001). Prototype or risk image was not significantly related to the willingness among the dropout adolescents. Conclusion: When social reaction and reasoned processes are modeled together, both may predict the smoking behavior. The high-risk perception and the high-risk image toward smoking behavior among the adolescents may originate from socio-cultural factors underlying the behavior. Further research is recommended to investigate the socio-cultural biases of the issue.   https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/14591 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/14591/6117

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 47 9 2018 08 29 1363 1369 Neda MOTAMEDI RAD Dept. of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar-Abbas, Iran Meysam REZAEISHAHMIRZADI Cancer Molecular Pathology Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran Sepideh SHAKERI Cancer Molecular Pathology Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran Mohamad Reza ABBASZADEGAN Dept. of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran Mohammad SHEKARI Center for Research of Molecular Medicine, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar-Abbas, Iran 2018 08 29 2018 08 29 Background: Helicobacter pylori are the main cause of chronic inflammation and peptic ulcer. We aimed to determine if IL-1B+3954 and IL-1RN polymorphisms are associated with the risk of chronic gastritis and peptic ulcer in Iranian population. Methods: In this case-control study, from 198 individuals enrolled by Mohammadi Hospital, Bandar Abbas, southern Iran from 2012 to 2014 and who showed the symptoms of chronic gastritis and 84 with peptic ulcer participated in the case group, two biopsies were taken from the body, antrum, or ulcer edge of each patient. Individuals without chronic gastritis or peptic ulcer were selected as the control group and we also confirmed the presence of anti-H. pylori serum IgG in 321 control subjects. IL-1B+3954C/T polymorphism was analyzed through PCR-RFLP, while the IL-1RN polymorphism was analyzed via PCR-based VNTR. Results: IL-1B+3954 TT was associated with a high risk of gastritis and peptic ulcer [Odds Ratio (OR)]=2.63, 95% Confidence Interval (CI)= (1.47-4.70) (OR=3.40, CI=1.72-6.71) respectively and the IL-1B+3954 T allele was associated with chronic gastritis (OR=1.64, 95% CI=1.13-2.36). Moreover, patient carrying IL-1RN L/2 and allele 2 showed an increased risk of peptic ulcer (OR=2.97, CI=1.72-5.11, OR=1.64, CI=1.13-2.36), respectively. Conclusion: IL-1B and IL-1RNare associated with an increased risk for chronic gastritis and peptic ulcer disease.   https://ijph.tum