Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 47 4 2018 04 23 481 488 Leejin KIM Dept. of Child Studies, Chonbuk National University, 567 Baekje-daero, Deokjin-gu, Jeonju-si, Jeollabuk-do, South Korea Sungmin MYOUNG Dept. of Health Administration, Jungwon University, 85 Munmu-ro Goesan-eup Goesan-gun, Chungbuk, South Korea 2018 04 22 2018 04 22 Background: The aim of this study was to explore the comorbidity of Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) for the Korean national health insurance data (NHID) by using association rule mining (ARM). Methods: We used data categorized mental disorder according to the international classification of disease, 10th revision (ICD-10) diagnosis system from NHID from 2011 to 2013 in youths aged 18 yr or younger. Overall, 211420 subjects, comorbid cases with ADHD were present in 105784. ARM was applied to the Apriori algorithm to examine the strengths of associations among those diagnosed, and logistic regression was used to evaluate the relations among rules. Results: The most prevalent comorbid psychiatric disorder of ADHD youths was mood/affective disorders. From results of ARM, nine association rules (support≥1%, confidnce≥50%) were produced. The highest association was found between specific developmental disorders of scholastic skills and ADHD. Among association of three comorbid diseases, tic disorder was an important role in the association between ADHD and other comorbid diseases through results of ARM and logistic regression. Conclusion: The practical application of ARM for discovering the comorbidity of ADHD in large amount real-data such as the Korean NHID was mostly confirmed by past studies. The results of this study will be helpful to researchers evaluating the stability of their diagnosis in ADHD.   https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/13142 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/13142/5945

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 47 4 2018 04 23 466 472 Ji WANG Dept. of Infection, Ningbo Fenghua People’s Hospital, Zhejiang, China Malong FENG Dept. of Respiratory Disease, Ningbo Fenghua People’s Hospital, Zhejiang, China Shidong YING Dept. of Tuberculosis and AIDS, Ningbo Fenghua Disease Control and Prevention Center, Zhejiang, China Jianfang ZHOU Dept. of Infection, Ningbo Fenghua People’s Hospital, Zhejiang, China Xiaoqing LI Dept. of Hepatic Disease, Chongqing Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Chongqing, China 2018 04 22 2018 04 22 Background: Vitamin D might be promising to serve as an adjunctive therapy for pulmonary tuberculosis (TB). However, the results remained controversial. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate the efficacy and safety of vitamin D in patients with pulmonary TB. Methods: Medline, SCOPUS, Google Scholar, EMBASE, Springer, and Science Direct were searched electronically from inception to Oct 2016. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and controlled clinical trials (CCTs) assessing the effect of vitamin D plus anti-tuberculosis treatment (ATT) versus placebo plus ATT on the treatment of pulmonary TB were included. Two investigators independently searched articles, extracted data, and assessed the quality of included studies. Data were analyzed using RevMan 5.3 software. Results: Five studies were included in this meta-analysis. Overall, compared with placebo intervention, vitamin D supplementation was found to have no significant effect on sputum smear negative conversion rates (RR=0.99; 95% CI=0.91 to 1.07; P=0.77), BMI (MD=0.11; 95% CI=-0.85 to 1.07; P=0.82) and ESR (MD=-2.29; 95% CI=-8.87 to 4.30; P=0.50). Conclusion: Vitamin D supplementation showed no influence on the improvement of sputum smear-negative conversion rates and BMI, as well as the decrease in ESR.   https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/13140 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/13140/5943

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 47 4 2018 04 23 597 602 Mengxue YANG Dept. of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China Biao LONG Dept. of Pediatrics, Qiandongnan People’s Hospital, Kaili, Guizhou, China Jie XU School of Public Health, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China Jie YU School of Public Health, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China Xianwen LI Dept. of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China Fanhao YE Dept. of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China Bo YANG Dept. of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China Yulan LIAO Dept. of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China Sicheng LI Dept. of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China Ya LI Dept. of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China Xue ZHOU Dept. of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China 2018 04 23 2018 04 23 Carney complex (CNC) is a rare genetic disease. Here, we report a case of CNC and explore clinical manifestations and gene mutation studies of CNC. A male patient with CNC at the age of 16 yr was admitted to Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University in July, 2015. Although the patient had typical signs of Cushing's syndrome, he also presented with certain rare signs of Cushing's syndrome, such as "freckle-like" scattered spots of pigmentation on the face and around the lips. In addition, concomitant severe osteoporosis led to flattened vertebrae and the compression of corresponding levels of the spinal cord. Radiographic findings revealed adrenal nodular hyperplasia. Based on sequencing, 2 novel heterozygous mutations of the PRKAR1A gene were found. CNC was eventually diagnosed via pathologic biopsy. After 1 year of follow-up, the patient exhibited weight loss, relief of low back pain, normal blood biochemical indicators and cortisol levels at the lower limit of the normal range.   https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/13163 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/13163/5959

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 47 4 2018 04 23 603 605 Józef BERGIER Dept. of Tourism and Recreation, Pope John Paul II State School of Higher Education, Biała Podlaska, Poland Pongrác ÁCS Institute of Physiotherapy and Sport Sciences, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary Ferdinand SALONNA Faculty of Physical Culture, Palacký University of Olomouc, Olomouc, Czech Republic Ján JUNGER Dept. of Physical Education, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University in Košice, Košice, Slovakia 2018 04 23 2018 04 23 No Abstract### https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/13164 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/13164/5960

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 47 4 2018 04 23 591 596 Young Saing KIM Dept. of Internal Medicine, Gil Medical Center, Gachon University, Incheon, South Korea Dong Kyun PARK Dept. of Internal Medicine, Gil Medical Center, Gachon University, Incheon, South Korea In Cheol HWANG Dept. of Family Medicine, Gil Medical Center, Gachon University, Incheon, South Korea Hong Yup AHN Dept. of Statistics, Dongguk University, Seoul, South Korea 2018 04 23 2018 04 23 Background: The effect of weather conditions on human health has been documented. However, the role of daily weather on anticipated death remains unclear. This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between daily weather conditions and death in terminally ill cancer patients. Methods: We retrospectively searched a medical database of 935 consecutive terminally ill cancer patients who passed away in the palliative care unit from Oct 2009 to Sep 2013. We used Poisson regression to assess the relative risk (RR) of anticipated death based on various weather variables, using mean values calculated from the 10 d around the time of death. Results: The final study population consisted of 745 patients with a mean age of 65.9 ± 12.2 yr. The mean palliative prognostic index (PPI) score in the last week of life was 8.0 ± 3.8. After adjustment for age, sex, cancer type, and PPI score, RRs were 1.69 (95% CI, 1.17–2.46) for low temperature, 2.57 (1.77–3.77) for high diurnal temperature variation, 2.35 (1.61–3.36) for low humidity, and 1.75 (1.22–2.53) for high levels of sunlight. Conclusion: Weather conditions may be a predictor of death in terminally ill cancer patients.     https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/13162 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/13162/5958

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 47 4 2018 04 23 489 498 Hongpu HU Institute of Medical Information, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China Yanli XU Medical College of Hebei Engineering University, Handan, Hebei, China Qingkun CHEN Institute of Medical Information, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China Juan LI Institute of Medical Information, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China Chenliu YANG Institute of Medical Information, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China Yanli WAN Institute of Medical Information, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China 2018 04 22 2018 04 22 Background: We presented the running state of rural basic medical insurance system in Henan and discussed the enforcements and development experiences of underdeveloped areas. We provided data evidence to support the improvement and development of a basic rural medical insurance system. Methods: We selected Henan Province, China as a sample, using the method of cluster sampling, from policy documents published in the national and provincial level of the new rural cooperative medical policy and work documents, data from 2004 to 2014, the National Health Statistical Yearbook of health statistics yearbook of Henan Province and relevant statistical data of the province. Results: The new rural cooperative policy has covered the whole population in Henan Province. The number of individual received benefits is increasing. In 2013, the number of persons counted has reached to 270 million, funds raised and expenditures reached 38.5 billion and 26 billion, respectively. The operational task force has been developed rapidly. In 2013, on average each staff managed the cases for 16.4 thousand rural residents. Conclusion: The major implementation and development experience from the new rural cooperative policy of Henan province include: education of related knowledge, optimization of compensation plan, development of operational system and framework, improvement of management rules, reinforcement of information system development and financial supervision and increment of investment in rural medical healthcare.     https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/13143 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/13143/5946

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 47 4 2018 04 23 473 480 Saeideh MAZLOOMZADEH Zanjan Metabolic Diseases Research Center, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran Zahra RASHIDI KHAZAGHI Zanjan Metabolic Diseases Research Center, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran Nouraddin MOUSAVINASAB Zanjan Metabolic Diseases Research Center, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran 2018 04 22 2018 04 22 Background: Metabolic syndrome (MS)is a collection of metabolic disorders which leads to early cardiovascular disease and diabetes type II. Regarding the wide range of its prevalence in Iran, this systematic review and meta-analysis determined the overall prevalence of the metabolic syndrome in Iran. Methods: In this systematic review and meta-analysis, the Medline, ISI, IranMedex, and SID were searched using "metabolic syndrome", "syndrome X", "prevalence", and "Iran" keywords from 2002 to 2012. A total of 223 articles were found in which 14 studies were considered for meta-analysis. Data were analyzed using fixed and random model and meta-regression in STATA. Results: The prevalence of MS for those who were 20 yr and older was 23. 8% (95%CI: 18. 99-28. 67) and in under 20 was 10. 98% (95%CI: 7. 75-14. 2). Metabolic syndrome was more frequent in women (25. 5%) than in men (17. 16%) and was increased with increasing age. The most frequent component of metabolic syndrome was low HDL cholesterol (59. 7%) followed by hypertriglyceridemia (39. 5%). Conclusion: Regarding a high prevalence of metabolic syndrome and some of its components such as low HDL and high triglyceride in our country, implementation of programs for metabolic syndrome prevention is necessary.   https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/13141 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/13141/5944

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 47 4 2018 04 23 606 607 Laura ENDRES Dept. of Preclinical Disciplines, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, Oradea, Romania Diana UIVAROȘAN Dept. of Preclinical Disciplines, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, Oradea, Romania Delia MIRELA ŢIŢ Dept. of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, Oradea, Romania Ovidiu POP Dept. of Morphological Disciplines, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, Oradea, Romania Simona BUNGĂU Dept. of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, Oradea, Romania Camelia BUHAȘ Dept. of Morphological Disciplines, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, Oradea, Romania 2018 04 23 2018 04 23 No Abstract### https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/13165 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/13165/5961

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 47 4 2018 04 23 499 509 Dwi Sarwani Sri REJEKI Dept. of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universitas Jenderal Soedirman, Purwokerto, Indonesia Nunung NURHAYATI Dept. of Mathematics, Faculty of Mathematics and Science, Universitas Jenderal Soedirman, Purwokerto, Indonesia Budi AJI Dept. of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universitas Jenderal Soedirman, Purwokerto, Indonesia E. Elsa Herdiana MURHANDARWATI Center for Tropical Medicine and Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia Hari KUSNANTO Dept. of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia 2018 04 22 2018 04 22 Background: Climatic and weather factors become important determinants of vector-borne diseases transmission like malaria. This study aimed to prove relationships between weather factors with considering human migration and previous case findings and malaria cases in endemic areas in Purworejo during 2005-2014. Methods: This study employed ecological time series analysis by using monthly data. The independent variables were the maximum temperature, minimum temperature, maximum humidity, minimum humidity, precipitation, human migration, and previous malaria cases, while the dependent variable was positive malaria cases. Three models of count data regression analysis i.e. Poisson model, quasi-Poisson model, and negative binomial model were applied to measure the relationship. The least Akaike Information Criteria (AIC) value was also performed to find the best model. Negative binomial regression analysis was considered as the best model. Results: The model showed that humidity (lag 2), precipitation (lag 3), precipitation (lag 12), migration (lag1) and previous malaria cases (lag 12) had a significant relationship with malaria cases. Conclusion: Weather, migration and previous malaria cases factors need to be considered as prominent indicators for the increase of malaria case projection.     https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/13144 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/13144/5947

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 47 4 2018 04 23 608 609 George IMATAKA Dept. of Pediatrics, Dokkyo Medical University, Tochigi, Japan Shigemi YOSHIHARA Dept. of Pediatrics, Dokkyo Medical University, Tochigi, Japan 2018 04 23 2018 04 23 No Abstract### https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/13166 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/13166/5962

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 47 4 2018 04 23 510 518 Shubei ZHENG Dept. of Nephrology, The Second Affiliated Hospital & Yuying Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China Yu ZHENG Dept. of Nephrology, The Second Affiliated Hospital & Yuying Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China Lingwei JIN Dept. of Nephrology, The Second Affiliated Hospital & Yuying Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China Zhihong ZHOU Dept. of Nephrology, The Second Affiliated Hospital & Yuying Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China Zhanyuan LI Dept. of Nephrology, The Second Affiliated Hospital & Yuying Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China 2018 04 22 2018 04 22 Background: We aimed to investigate the relationship between serum soluble Klotho protein (sKlotho) level and coronary artery calcification (CAC) as well as prognosis in patients with maintenance hemodialysis (MHD). Methods: Overall, 128 adult patients with end-stage renal failure treated with MHD were collected in the Second Affiliated Hospital & Yuying Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang Province, China in 2013. Serum sKlotho was detected by ELISA and coronary artery calcification was measured by multi-slice spiral computed tomography (MSCT). With 36 months' follow-up, death notes such as cause of death and death time were recorded. Results: Patients were divided into low sKlotho group and high sKlotho group. Age, blood phosphorus level, hypertension incidence and incidence of diabetes mellitus of the patients in low sKlotho group was significantly higher than that of high sKlotho group (P<0.05). The coronary artery calcification score (CACs) of patients in high sKlotho group was significantly lower than that of low sKlotho group (P<0.001). Logistic regression showed that the decrease of sKlotho level (P<0.001) was an independent risk factor for CAC progression. The mortality of the patients in low sKlotho group was higher than that of high sKlotho group. Kaplan-Meier survival curve had shown that survival time of the patients in low sKlotho group was significantly lower than that of high sKlotho group (P<0.05). Conclusion: SKlotho can increase the degree of CAC. Although MHD patients with low sKlotho level had shorter survival time, sKlotho is not an independent risk factor in prediction of prognosis of MHD patients.   https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/13145 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/13145/5948

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 47 4 2018 04 23 610 612 Monica NAVARRO-MEZA Molecular Biology Chronic Illness Research Center, South University Center, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico AND Nutrition and Nutritional Behavior Research Center, South University Center, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico Karina Anai GARCIA-CAMACHO Nutrition and Nutritional Behavior Research Center, South University Center, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico Felipe SANTOYO-TELLES South University Center, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico Antonio LÓPEZ-ESPINOZA Nutrition and Nutritional Behavior Research Center, South University Center, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico Omar ARROYO-HELGUERA Ecology and Health Laboratory, Institute of Public Health, Universidad Veracruzana, Veracruz, México 2018 04 23 2018 04 23 No Abstract### https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/13167 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/13167/5963

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 47 4 2018 04 23 519 530 Chao-Hsien LEE Dept. of Health Business Administration, Meiho University, Pingtung, Taiwan Shu-Chen CHENG Dept. of Cancer Registry Division, Cathay General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan Hong-Yi TUNG Dept. of Health Business Administration, Meiho University, Pingtung, Taiwan AND Dept. of General Surgery, Yuan’s General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Kaohsiung, Taiwan Shih-Chang CHANG Dept. of Colorectal Surgery, Division of Surgery, Cathay General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan Ching-Yun CHING Dept. of Nursing, Yuan’s General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan Shu-Fen WU Dept. of Health Business Administration, Meiho University, Pingtung, Taiwan AND Dept. of Nursing, Yuan’s General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan AND Dept. of Nursing, College of Medicine, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan 2018 04 22 2018 04 22 Background: Colorectal cancer is one of the most common malignancies in developed countries. The incidence of colorectal cancer (CRC) in Taiwan is rising. We aimed to determine the five-yr survival rate of patients diagnosed with CRC and determine factors affecting survival. Methods: All patients were identified from the Taiwan Cancer Data Base of the Medical Center Hospital in North Taiwan from 2007 to 2013. Data were collected using medical records and the cancer database. In all, 869 patients with CRC were included. Survival analysis was performed using Kaplan-Meier curves, and differences between the curves were analyzed using the log-rank test. Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to analyze survival by each variable. Results: The five-yr survival rate and the mean survival time after cancer diagnosis were 68.7% and 71.27±1.27 months. Perineural nerve invasion, distant metastasis, age, pathological differentiation grade, obstruction and regional lymph node metastasis were found to be independent predictors of the survival and prognosis of patients with CRC. Conclusion: Perineural nerve invasion was an important factor related to the survival of CRC patients. Thus, the earlier detection of CRC might help improve survival.   https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/13146 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/13146/5949

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 47 4 2018 04 23 613 614 Pendru RAGHUNATH Dept. of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Texila American University, Georgetown, Guyana 2018 04 23 2018 04 23 No Abstract### https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/13168 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/13168/5964

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 47 4 2018 04 23 531 537 Fen XUE Special Ward 1, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Shanghai 200082, P.R. China Fang HUANG Special Ward 1, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Shanghai 200082, P.R. China 2018 04 22 2018 04 22 Background: To investigate the effect of psychological intervention on nutrient status of perioperative patients with lung cancer. Methods: Overall, 176 lung cancer patients admitted to Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Shanghai China from 2015 to 2016 were divided into control group (n=88) and study group (n=88). Conventional nursing strategy was adopted for patients in control group, while psychological nursing strategy was implemented for those in the study group, and the specific nursing efficiency was compared between the two groups. In addition to the assessment with Symptom Checklist 90 (SCL-90) and Quality of Life Questionnaire-Core 36 (QLQ-C30), patients were required to fulfill the evaluations with nutrition risk screening 2002 (NRS2002) and Patient-Generated Subjective Global Assessment (PG-SGA). Results: After nursing care, significant amelioration in scores of SCL-90 and QLQ-C30 of patients were seen in the study group (P<0.05). In the study group, the scores of NRS2002 and PG-SGA were all lower than those in the control group (P<0.001). Besides, PG-SGA score was also significantly correlated with the levels of serum total proteins, serum albumin, hemoglobin, reduction in diet and weight (P<0.01), while only reduction in diet and weight was obviously correlated with the score of NRS2002 (P<0.01). Moreover, a significant correlation was identified between the scores of PG-SGA and NRS2002 (P<0.01). Conclusion: Psychological intervention could effectively alleviate the psychological stress response and ameliorate the nutrient status of lung cancer patients in perioperative period, thereby reducing the negative feelings and increasing the life quality of patients.   https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/13147 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/13147/5950

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 47 4 2018 04 23 615 617 Junhua CAO Dept. of Emergency Medicine, Xuzhou Children’s Hospital, Xuzhou 221006, P.R.China Ying CAI Dept. of Nursing, Xuzhou Children’s Hospital, Xuzhou 221006, P.R.China Zhenfang QIN Dept. of General Surgery, Xuzhou Children’s Hospital, Xuzhou 221006, P.R.China Xiaobing XU Dept. of General Surgery, Xuzhou Children’s Hospital, Xuzhou 221006, P.R.China Xu LIU Dept. of General Surgery, Xuzhou Children’s Hospital, Xuzhou 221006, P.R.China Peng LU Dept. of General Surgery, Xuzhou Children’s Hospital, Xuzhou 221006, P.R.China Huaxin ZOU Dept. of General Surgery, Xuzhou Children’s Hospital, Xuzhou 221006, P.R.China Yiyu YIN Dept. of General Surgery, Xuzhou Children’s Hospital, Xuzhou 221006, P.R.China 2018 04 23 2018 04 23 No Abstract### https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/13169 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/13169/5965

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 47 4 2018 04 23 538 545 Božidar BANOVIĆ Dept. of Criminal Law, Faculty of Security Studies, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Republic of Serbia Veljko TURANJANIN Dept. of Criminal Law, Faculty of Law, University in Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Republic of Serbia Emir ĆOROVIĆ Dept. of Criminal Law, Faculty of Law, State University of Novi Pazar, Novi Pazar, Republic of Serbia 2018 04 22 2018 04 22  Background: Physician-assisted suicide is one of the features with very different legal solutions in the world. In Serbia, physician-assisted suicide is a crime, within a crime of the assisted suicide. The possibility of the legislation of the voluntary active euthanasia may open the door to the decriminalization of the physician-assisted suicide. Methods: Data were obtained from the Clinical Hospital Center in Kragujevac, Republic of Serbia collected during 2015. The research included 88 physicians: 57 male physicians (representing 64.77% of the sample) and 31 female physicians (35.23% of the sample). Due to the nature, subject, and hypothesis of the research, the authors used descriptive method and the method of the theoretical content analysis. Results: We have raised numerous questions. A slight majority of the physicians (58%) believes that physician-assisted suicide should be legalized, while 42% is for another solution. 90.9% took a viewpoint that it is completely unacceptable legalization of the physician-assisted suicide for all age groups, while the remaining 9.1% is to such legislative move. From the other side, 40.7% of respondents would prescribe a lethal dose of the medicament to the patient, who is in the terminal stage of the incurable disease, but, 59.3% would not do it. Interesting is that 13.8% of the physician had a patient who asked for the information how to commit suicide, and 12.5% gave them such information. Conclusion: Physicians in Serbia are divided on this issue. The majority of them are for the legalization of medical assistance to suicide, but there is a strong division among them on various issues.     https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/13148 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/13148/5951

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 47 4 2018 04 23 618 619 Bijan PIRNIA Dept. of Psychology, Faculty of Humanities, University of Science and Culture, Tehran, Iran AND Behavioral Sciences Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Ali SOLEIMANI Dept. of Psychology, Faculty of Humanities, University of Science and Culture, Tehran, Iran Hamid Reza TAHERINAKHOST Iranian National Center for Addiction Studies, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Kambiz PIRNIA Technical Assistant in Bijan Center for Substance Abuse Treatment, Tehran, Iran Parastoo MALEKANMEHR Dept. of Psychology, Branch of Hamedan, Islamic Azad University, Hamadan, Iran Alireza ZAHIRODDIN Dept. of Psychiatry, Behavior Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran 2018 04 23 2018 Muhammad SOHAIL AFZAL Department of Life Sciences, School of Science, University of Management and Technology (UMT), Lahore, Pakistan 2018 09 22 2018 09 30 No Abstract. https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/14777 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/14777/6956

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 49 8 2020 07 30 1485 1493 EN Siti Rohana AHMAD Department of Community Medicine, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kelantan, Malaysia Nor YAACOB Department of Community Medicine, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kelantan, Malaysia Mat JAEB Respiratory Clinic, Hospital Raja Perempuan Zainab, Kelantan, Malaysia Zalmizy HUSSIN School of Applied Psychology, Social Work, and Policy, Universiti Utara Malaysia, Kedah, Malaysia Wan Mohd WAN MOHAMMAD Department of Community Medicine, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kelantan, Malaysia 2018 07 16 2018 12 30 Background: There is growing evidence that DM may play an important role in the occurrence of unsuccessful TB treatment outcomes. This study was undertaken to examine the prevalence of  DM among TB population, compare the profile of TB patients with and without DM and determine the effect of DM on unsuccessful treatment outcomes among TB patients in Kelantan state, Malaysia from 2012 to 2016. Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted in Sep 2017 using data from registered TB cases in Kelantan state, Malaysia from 2012 to 2016. The profile of TB patients with and without DM were compared in univariable analysis. Multiple logistic regression was used to determine association between DM and unsuccessful treatment outcomes. Results: A total of 1854 TB patients were diagnosed with DM. The annual proportion was ranging from 26 to 29%. TB patients with DM had an older age, live single, low educational status, poor chest x ray finding and diagnosed with smear positive sputum compared to TB patients without DM. TB patients with DM had three times higher risk to develop unsuccessful TB treatment outcomes compared to TB patients without DM (95% CI 2.47-3.58; P = 0.012) in multivariable analysis. Conclusion: Those with DM had the worst prognosis of TB outcomes among the significant risk factors. TB control program in Malaysia will need to expand efforts to focus on treatment of TB-DM patients to improve their cure rates in order to achieve the goals of tuberculosis elimination.  https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/14038 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/14038/6942

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 49 8 2020 07 30 1580 1581 EN Abraham ASSAN Department of Health Economics and Management, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran AND Global Policy and Advocacy Network (GLOOPLAN), Accra, Ghana Ali AKBARI SARI Department of Health Economics and Management, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran AND Global Policy and Advocacy Network (GLOOPLAN), Accra, Ghana Amirhossein TAKIAN Department of Health Economics and Management, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran AND Department of Global Health and Public Policy, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran AND Health Equity Research Centre (HERC), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran 2018 08 01 2018 08 11 No Abstract https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/14323 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/14323/6957

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 49 8 2020 07 30 1494 1501 Liwu ZHOU Department of Orthopedics, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210004, P.R. China Yang WAN Department of Orthopedics, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210004, P.R. China Qiang CHENG Department of Orthopedics, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210004, P.R. China Ben SHI Department of Orthopedics, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210004, P.R. China Lei ZHANG Department of Orthopedics, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210004, P.R. China Shuo CHEN Department of Orthopedics, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210004, P.R. China 2020 03 02 2020 06 24 Background: To investigate the expression and diagnostic value of LncRNA H19 in the blood of patients with osteoarthritis. Methods: A total of 130 cases of patients with osteoarthritis admitted to Jinling Hospital, Nanjing, China from Jun 2016 to Jul 2017 were elected as the study group, and 100 patients who underwent physical examination in Jinling Hospital during the same period were selected as the control group. The differences in expression levels of LncRNA H19 between the two groups were compared, the diagnostic value of LncRNA H19 in osteoarthritis and its relationship with clinical characteristics of patients with osteoarthritis were analyzed. Results: The expression level of LncRNA H19 increased in peripheral blood of patients with osteoarthritis (P<0.05). The AUC, critical value, sensitivity and specificity of the diagnosis of osteoarthritis were 0.891, 1.879, 96.00% and 85.73%, respectively. The expression level of LncRNA H19 was related to K-L grading, and the expression level of LncRNA H19 increased with K-L grading. Pearson correlation analysis showed that LncRNA H19 was negatively correlated with bone metabolism indexes PINP, N-MID, BGP, BALP and Lysholm score (P<0.05), and positively correlated with bone metabolism indexes β-CTX, VAS score and WOMAC score (P<0.05). Conclusion: LncRNA H19 is highly expressed in peripheral blood of patients with osteoarthritis, which is closely related to the occurrence and development of osteoarthritis and has a good diagnostic value for osteoarthritis. https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/19907 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/19907/6943

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 49 8 2020 07 30 1582 1584 Hamid CHEGNI Department of Immunology, School of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran Nafiseh PAKRAVAN Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran Mojtaba SAADATI Department of Biology, Imam Hossein University, Tehran, Iran Ali GHAFFARI Department of Parasitology, School of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran Hadi SHIRZAD Institute of Policy Research and Social Studies, Tehran, Iran Zuhair HASSAN Department of Immunology, School of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran 2020 05 17 2020 07 11 - https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/20835 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/20835/6958

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 49 8 2020 07 30 1502 1509 EN Lyazzat SHINETOVA Department of General Biology and Genomics, L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University, Astana, 010008, Kazakhstan Almira AKPAROVA Department of General Biology and Genomics, L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University, Astana, 010008, Kazakhstan Saulemai BEKEYEVA Department of General Biology and Genomics, L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University, Astana, 010008, Kazakhstan 2018 07 22 2018 11 10 Background: Mercury is a common environmental contaminant and it is also harmful to human health. Among reported toxicities, its harmful effect on hypertension is poorly documented. In Kazakhstan, Temirtau city has been reported to have a high level of mercury contamination from an acetaldehyde production factory. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the association between serum profile of cytokines and the development of hypertension among the exposed citizens. Methods: We selected 81 individuals for study, out of them, 41 exposed ones suffered hypertension and 40 – unexposed healthy controls in villages Chkalovo, Samarkand, Gagarinskoye, Tegiszhol, Rostovka in 2016. Mercury content in urine was studied by inversion voltammetry. Cytokine levels of IL-2, IL-6, IL-10 and TNF-α were determined by ELISA. Results: Mercury-exposed citizens, especially those with hypertension, had significantly higher concentrations of inflammatory cytokines TNF-α, IL-2, IL-6 and anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 as compared to the unexposed population. The dependence of the mercury level in urine on IL-2 content was also detected. Therefore, chronic low doses of exposure to mercury were associated with an increase in serum levels of immune markers and with the increased risk of hypertension. https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/14133 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/14133/6944

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 49 8 2020 07 30 1585 1587 EN Zahra BAHROLOLOOMI Oral Health Research Center, Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran Narjes AMROLLAHI Dental Research Center, Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran Nasrin MOSTAFALOO Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran 2018 10 01 2018 10 14 No Abstract https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/14860 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/14860/6959

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 49 8 2020 07 30 1510 1519 EN Mohsen VIGEH Maternal, Fetal, and Neonatal Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran AND Department of Epidemiology and Environmental Health, Faculty of Medicine, Juntendo University, Tokyo, Japan Kazuhito YOKOYAMA Department of Epidemiology and Environmental Health, Faculty of Medicine, Juntendo University, Tokyo, Japan Takehisa MATSUKAWA Department of Epidemiology and Environmental Health, Faculty of Medicine, Juntendo University, Tokyo, Japan Atsuko SHINOHARA Department of Epidemiology and Environmental Health, Faculty of Medicine, Juntendo University, Tokyo, Japan Katsumi OHTANI Occupational Epidemiology Research Group, National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health, Kawasaki, Japan Mamak SHARIAT Maternal, Fetal, and Neonatal Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran 2018 08 04 2018 12 15 Background: Exposure to toxic metals remains a public health problem with lifelong impacts on childhood growth and development. We aimed to investigate metals effects on preschool children’s anthropometric variables. Methods: The study was conducted in Tehran, Iran, from Jul 2013 to Mar 2016. We measured scalp hair metal concentrations (lead, cadmium, arsenic, zinc, manganese, and cobalt), using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry, in 207 preschool children’s (36 to 72 months old). Results: A significant negative correlation between children's hair lead levels and children's weight was found (r= −0.178, P<0.05). Linear regression analysis confirmed the relationship when adjusted for the confounders, including children's age, sex, height, family income, and maternal education (β= −0.191; t= −3.426, P< 0.01). The ANOVA analysis showed a significant (P<0.01) difference between hair lead level and children's weight-for-age percentiles. Totally and separately, in almost all weight percentiles, hair lead levels were higher in girls than boys. Conclusion: The present study on Iranian children showed the current levels of lead exposure might negatively influence on children growth, with higher risk for girls than boys. https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/14347 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/14347/6945

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 49 8 2020 07 30 1588 1589 Mehdi HASSANIAZAD Infectious and Tropical Diseases Research Center, Hormozgan Health Institute, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran Marjan GHAZISAEEDI Department of Health Information Management, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Tayebeh BANIASADI Department of Health Information Management, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran 2020 05 25 2020 06 24 No abstract https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/20913 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/20913/6960

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 49 8 2020 07 30 1520 1529 Soheila SHAGHAGHIAN Department of Medical Journalism, School of Paramedical Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran Behrooz ASTANEH Department of Medical Journalism, School of Paramedical Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran 2018 12 31 2019 04 23 Background: Although much medical knowledge comes from observational research, such studies are more prone to confounding and bias than others. This study was conducted to evaluate the adherence of the observational studies published in Iranian medical journals to the STROBE (strengthening the reporting of observational studies in epidemiology) statement. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, we selected 150 articles of Iranian medical journals, using multistage sampling from Aug 2016 to Jun 2017. The reported items of the STROBE statement in the articles was determined and considered as the adherence of the articles to the statement. The adherence of the articles with different characteristics was compared. Results: The adherence of the articles to the statement varied from 24% to 68% with a mean score of 48%±9%. The lowest mean scores were found in the Result (36%) and Method (49%) sections. The adherence was significantly better in the articles published in the journals indexed in PubMed or Web of Knowledge (ISI) databases (P<0.001) and those written by cooperation of the authors from other countries (P=0.044). Conclusion: The evaluated articles in our study had not adequately reported the items recommended by the STROBE statement. This indicates deficiency in key elements for readers to assess the validity and applicability of a study. https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/15763 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/15763/6946

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 49 8 2020 07 30 1590 1591 Behzad HEYDARPOUR Cardiac Rehabilitation Center, Imam Ali Hospital, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran Sahar NAJAFI Lifestyle Modification Research Center, Imam Reza Hospital, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran