Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 47 1 2017 12 31 13 17 Sang-Hee HWANG Dept. of Dentistry, School of Medicine, Keimyung University, Daegu, South Korea Shin-Goo PARK Dept. of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, School of Medicine, Inha University, Incheon, South Korea 2017 12 31 2017 12 31 Background: No epidemiological studies have targeted the association between experience of orthodontic treatment and symptoms of temporomandibular joint (TMJ) in a large adult population. In this study, we investigated whether experience of orthodontic treatment is associated with symptoms of TMJ in adults. Methods: We used data from the Fifth Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES V), conducted in 2011. Trained dentists asked subjects to report their experience of orthodontic treatment and symptoms of TMJ. Overall, 5936 subjects aged over 19 yr were included in this study (2528 males). The data were analyzed using the chi-square test and multiple logistic regression tests. Results: The group with experience of orthodontic treatment had more symptoms of TMJ than the group without orthodontic experience. After adjusting for all covariates (i.e., age, sex, marital status, income, education, stress, teeth injury, and occupation), the adjusted odds ratio was 2.53 (95%CI 1.74-3.67). Conclusion: Experience of orthodontic treatment could be related to increased symptoms of TMJ.     https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/12040 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/12040/5865

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 47 1 2017 12 31 1 12 Hesam ALIZADE Infectious and Tropical Diseases Research Center, Hormozgan Health Institute, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran 2017 12 31 2017 12 31 Background: Escherichia coli is the most prominent cause of infectious diseases that span from the gastrointestinal tract to extra-intestinal sites such as urinary tract infection, septicaemia, and neonatal meningitis. The emergence and spread of antibiotic resistance in E. coli is an increasing public health concern across the world. Rising resistance in E. coli isolates is also observed in Iran. This review summarizes the status of antibiotic resistance of E. coli isolates in Iran from 2007 to 2016. Methods: The data of the prevalence of E. coli antibiotic resistance were collected from databases such as Web of Science, PubMed, Scopus, Embase, Cochrane Library, Google Scholar and Scientific Information Database. Results: Antibiotic resistance in E. coli is on the rise. Conclusion: Prevalence of antibiotic resistance of E. coli varies from region to region in Iran.     https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/12039 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/12039/5864

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 47 1 2017 12 31 127 129 Su-Mi KIM Dept. of Physical Education, Sookmyung Women’s University, Seoul, Korea Hyun-Jeong PARK Dept. of Physical Therapy, College of Health and Welfare, Kyungwoon University, Gumi-si, Korea Byung-Ju MIN Dept. of Physical Therapy, College of Health and Welfare, Kyungwoon University, Gumi-si, Korea Wi-Young SO Sports and Health Care Major, Korea National University of Transportation, Chungju-si, Korea 2017 12 31 2017 12 31 No Abstract### https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/12055 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/12055/5880

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 47 1 2017 12 31 119 126 Quan-Hoang VUONG Western University Hanoi, Center for Interdisciplinary Social Research, Hanoi, Vietnam 2017 12 31 2017 12 31 Background: This short communication report some new results obtained from a medical survey among 900 Vietnamese patients in 2015, looking into possibly influential sociodemographic factors as far as patient satisfaction is concerned, to establish empirical relationships between them for policy implications. Methods: The study employed the baseline category logit models to establish empirical relationships between predictor variables and responses, which reflect different levels of satisfaction. Results: Income, medical expenditure, and insurance coverage have the positive influence on improving patient satisfaction. However, insurance reimbursement rate has the negative influence. Patients with residency status are more demanding than those without. The more seriously ill, the less likely a patient finds the health services to be satisfactory. The probability of satisfaction conditional on insurance reimbursement is lower for patients with residency status, and higher for those without. Conclusion: There exist thresholds of income, expenditures, and insurance reimbursement rate, surpassing which probabilistic trends shift. The expenditure threshold for resident patients is almost three times of that for non-residents. An insurance threshold exists only within the group of non-resident patients, ~65%, suggesting that getting a reimbursement rate higher than this can be very difficult. Therefore, the government’s ambitious goal of universal coverage may be both unrealistic and too rigid as patients with different conditions show different perceptions toward healthcare services.   https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/12054 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/12054/5879

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 47 1 2017 12 31 18 23 Feng ZHU Dept. of Pulmonology, Wuxi No.5 People’s Hospital Affiliated to Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China Qinfang OU Dept. of Pulmonology, Wuxi No.5 People’s Hospital Affiliated to Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China Jian ZHENG Dept. of Pulmonology, Wuxi No.5 People’s Hospital Affiliated to Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China 2017 12 31 2017 12 31   Background: This paper aims to explore the application value of tuberculosis-specific enzyme-linked immunospot assay (T-SPOT.TB) in the diagnosis of tuberculosis. Methods: Fifty one patients with tuberculosis (TB) admitted to Wuxi No.5 People’s Hospital, Wuxi, China from June 2015 to June 2017 were selected as the TB group, and 40 patients without tuberculosis admitted in the same period were randomly selected as the non-TB group. Patients in the two groups received T-SPOT.TB, TB antibody (TB-Ab) test and mycobacterium TB deoxyribonucleic acid (TB-DNA) test, and the results were compared. Results: Comparisons of the sensitivity of the three methods showed that the sensitivity of T-SPOT.TB was the highest, followed by TB-DNA from sputum samples, and that of TB-Ab was the lowest. The specificity of TB-Ab was the highest, followed by T-SPOT.TB, and that of TB-DNA from sputum samples was the lowest. In the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis, the area under curve (AUC) of T-SPOT.TB (0.896) was the highest, followed by TB-DNA from sputum samples (0.772), and that of sputum smears (0.698) was the lowest. Conclusion: T-SPOT.TB can quickly and accurately determine the presence of tuberculosis infection, and it is a non-invasive examination, which can further assist in the diagnosis and guide the treatment.       https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/12041 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/12041/5866

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 47 1 2017 12 31 130 132 Serdar Gökay TERZİOĞLU Dept. of General Surgery, Numune Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey Murat Özgür KILIÇ Dept. of General Surgery, Numune Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey Gül DAĞLAR Dept. of General Surgery, Numune Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey 2017 12 31 2017 12 31 No Abstract### https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/12056 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/12056/5881

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 47 1 2017 12 31 24 32 Jianqian CHAO Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China Jiangyi GU Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China Hua ZHANG Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China Huanghui CHEN Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China Zhenchun WU Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China 2017 12 31 2017 12 31 Background: Essential medicine policy is a successful global health policy to promote rational drug use. The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of the National Essential Medicines Policy (NEMP) on the rational drug use in primary care institutions in Jiangsu Province of China. Methods: In this exploratory study, a multistage, stratified, random sampling was used to select 3400 prescriptions from 17 primary care institutions who implemented the NEMP before (Jan 2010) and after the implementation of the NEMP (Jan 2014). The analyses were performed in SPSS 18.0 and SPSS Clementine client. Results: After the implementation of the NEMP, the percentage of prescribed EML (Essential Medicines List) drugs rose significantly, the average number of drugs per prescription and average cost per prescription were declined significantly, while the differences of the prescription proportion of antibiotics and injection were not statistically significant. BP (Back Propagation) neural network analysis showed that the average number of drugs per prescription, the number of using antibiotics and hormone, regional differences, size of institutions, sponsorship, financial income of institutions, doctor degree, outpatient and emergency visits person times were important factors affecting the prescription costs, among these the average number of drugs per prescription has the greatest effect. Conclusion: The NEMP can promote the rational use of drugs in some degree, but its role is limited. We should not focus only on the EML but also make comprehensive NEMP.   https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/12042 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/12042/5867

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 47 1 2017 12 31 133 134 Do Gyun LEE Dept. of Environmental Engineering, Incheon National University, Incheon, 22012, South Korea 2017 12 31 2017 12 31 No Abstract### https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/12057 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/12057/5882

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 47 1 2017 12 31 33 39 Tuğba KOCA Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, Suleyman Demirel University, Isparta, Turkey Selim DERECI Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, Suleyman Demirel University, Isparta, Turkey Özgür PIRGON Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, Faculty of Medicine, Suleyman Demirel University, Isparta, Turkey Mustafa AKÇAM Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, Suleyman Demirel University, Isparta, Turkey 2017 12 31 2017 12 31 Background: To examine the prevalence of overweight and obesity among schoolchildren in our region and to compare the results with previous studies conducted in the same region in 2005 and 2009. Methods: This study was conducted at seven primary and three high schools in the center of the province of Isparta, Turkey in 2014, randomly selected for two studies of obesity five and nine years previously. Students were weighed and measured, and BMI was calculated. The results were then compared with those from 2005 and 2009. Results: The study consisted of 7116 students, 3445 (48.4%) females, and with a mean age of 11.7±2.7 yr (range 5.8-18.9 yr). The prevalence of overweight was 13.6% and that of obesity 9.9%. When the data were compared with the 2005 and 2009 studies, a statistically significant increase was determined in the prevalence of overweight (X2 = 4.826, P=0.0280 and X2 =19.012, P<0.0001). The prevalence of obesity in the 2005 and 2009 studies was 11.6% and 12.5%, compared to 9.9% this study. The decrease observed in this study was statistically significant (X2=8.720, P=0.0031 and X2=20.708, P<0.0001). The total prevalence's of overweighiation locale="en_US">School of Medicine and Health Management, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China Da FENG School of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China Xiaoyu CHEN School of Medicine and Health Management, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China 2019 04 16 Background: This study aimed to identify the characteristics of item nonresponse and examine the factors affecting the refusal or failure to respond of patients with chronic disease in rural China. Methods: A cross-sectional survey data from patients with chronic disease from rural China were analyzed. A total of 1,099 patients were enrolled. Chi-square test and cumulative logistic regression determined the predictors of having item nonresponse. Results: The respondents in central provinces (OR = 2.311, 95%CI = 0.532~1.144, P < 0.001) with over eight household members (OR = 0.067, 95%CI = -1.632~-0.349, P = 0.002), multiple chronic diseases (OR = 0.301, 95%CI = -1.673~-0.727, P < 0.001), and low health knowledge level (OR = 2.112, 95%CI = 0.405~1.090, P < 0.001) had more item nonresponse numbers. Compared with the participants with high school education level and above, the item nonresponse number seemed to increase when the participants were illiterate (OR = 2.159, 95%CI = 0.254~1.285, P = 0.003), had primary school education (OR = 2.161, 95%CI = 0.249~1.294, P = 0.004) and junior school education (OR = 2.070, 95%CI = 0.160~1.296, P = 0.012). Conclusion: This study indicates the influencing factors of the item nonresponse in survey of patients with chronic disease in rural China. This study contributes to investigation practice and highlights that health institutions should improve the quality of follow-up services. Moreover, the government should pay more attention to the care of vulnerable groups, especially patients with chronic disease in rural areas.     https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/16856 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/16856/6353

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 48 4 2019 04 16 593 602 Leila GHOLAMHOSSEINI Department of Health Information Management, School of Health Management and Information Sciences, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran AND Department of Health Information Technology, School of Paramedical Sciences, AJA University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Farahnaz SADOUGHI Health Management and Economics Research Center, School of Health Management and Information Sciences, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Aliasghar SAFAEI Department of Biomedical Informatics, School of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modarres University, Tehran, Iran 2019 04 16 Background: The Hospital Real-time Location Systems (HRTLS), deal with monitoring the patients, medical staff and valuable medical equipment in emergency situations. Therefore, the study aimed to propose Hospital Real-Time Location Systems based on the novel technologies in Iran. Methods: In this narrative-review, the articles and official reports on HRTLS, were gathered and analyzed from related textbooks and indexing sites with the defined keywords in English or Persian. The search of databases such as IDTechEx, IEEE, PubMed Central, Science Direct, EMBASE/Excerpta Medica, Scopus, Web of Science, Elsevier journals, WHO publications and Google Scholar was performed to reconfirm the efficiency of HRTLS from 2006 to 2017. Results: Various technologies have been used in the current systems, which have led to the reduced error rate, costs and increased speed of providing the healthcare services. Applications of these systems include tracking of patient’s, medical staff and valuable medical assets. Besides, achieving the patient & staff satisfaction is among other basic applications of these Systems. The accurate data exchange and processes control are considered as positive aspects of this technology. Conclusion: HRTLS has great importance in healthcare systems and its efficiency in medical centers is reliable; hence, it seems necessary to determine the organization’s requirements, apply novel technologies such as cloud computing and Internet of things, and integrate them to get access to maximum advantages in Iranian healthcare centers.     https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/16849 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/16849/6346

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 48 4 2019 04 17 770 772 Rositsa DIMOVA Department of Health Management and Health Economics, Faculty of Public Health, Medical University Plovdiv, Plovdiv, Bulgaria Rumyana STOYANOVA Department of Health Management and Health Economics, Faculty of Public Health, Medical University Plovdiv, Plovdiv, Bulgaria Stanislava HARIZANOVA Department of Hygiene and Ecology, Faculty of Public Health, Medical University Plovdiv, Plovdiv, Bulgaria Miglena TARNOVSKA Department of Healthcare Management, Faculty of Public Health, Medical University Plovdiv, Plovdiv, Bulgaria Donka KESKINOVA Department of Applied and Institutional Sociology, University of Plovdiv Paisii Hilendarski, Plovdiv, Bulgaria 2019 04 17 No Abstract### https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/16880 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/16880/6367

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 48 4 2019 04 16 673 680 Herbert Rubens KOCH FILHO School of Life Sciences, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Paraná, Rua Imaculada Conceição 1155, 80215-901, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil Luiza Foltran de Azevedo KOCH School of Health Sciences, Rua Professor Pedro Viriato Parigot de Souza 5300, 81280-330, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil Solena Ziemer KUSMA School of Medicine, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Paraná, Rua Imaculada Conceição 1155, 80215-901, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil Sérgio Aparecido IGNÁCIO School of Life Sciences, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Paraná, Rua Imaculada Conceição 1155, 80215-901, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil Simone Tetu MOYSÉS School of Life Sciences, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Paraná, Rua Imaculada Conceição 1155, 80215-901, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil Luciana Ribeiro Azevedo ALANIS School of Life Sciences, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Paraná, Rua Imaculada Conceição 1155, 80215-901, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil Marilisa Carneiro Leão GABARDO School of Health Sciences, Rua Professor Pedro Viriato Parigot de Souza 5300, 81280-330, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil Samuel Jorge MOYSÉS School of Life Sciences, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Paraná, Rua Imaculada Conceição 1155, 80215-901, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil 2019 04 16 Background: The gerontoism, a neologism adopted here, is a form of discrimination regarding age and can occur in rational, emotional, and behavioral contexts, and could be influenced by many factors. This study aimed to identify if the social support and the family functionality interfere in the self-perception of gerontoism. Methods: Participants were 376 elderly in good physical and mental condition. They participated in the Group Living organization in the Municipality of Curitiba, State of Paraná, Brazil, in 2012.  Information was collected about sociodemographic profile using a structured questionnaire. The social support, the family functionality, and the self-perception of gerontoism were defined by the Medical Outcomes Study, the Family APGAR index, and Ageism Survey, respectively. The variables were analyzed by Pearson’s correlation coefficient, One Way ANOVA, Tukey’s HSD test, and the Student’s t-test. Results: Most of the participants came from small cities from the interior (48.7%), were female (94.4%), with age ranging 60-69 yr-old (45.5%), whites (76.1%), widowers (47.1%), with children (93.9%), with low schooling (55.3%), with family income from 1-2 minimum wage (31.4%), and retirees not working (44.1%). It was not observed correlation between sociodemographic variables and self-perception of gerontoism. Statistical significance was observed between self-perception of gerontoism and social support (r= -0.26, P=0.00), and between the self-perception and family functionality (r = -0.28, P=0.00). Once the scores of self-perception of gerontoism increased, the ones from social support and family functionality, decreased. Conclusion: Lower self-perception of gerontoism was observed in elderly with higher social support and family functionality.     https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/16858 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/16858/6354

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 48 4 2019 04 16 603 611 Seyyede Maryam BECHASHK Student Research Committee, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran Ghobad MORADI Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Research Institute for Health Development, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran Behzad MOHSENPOUR Department of Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran Rashid RAMAZANZADEH Cellular & Molecular Research Center, Research Institute for Health Development, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran AND Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran 2019 04 16 Background: Cefepime-resistant Escherichia coli (E. coli) is one of the seven important types of microbial resistance. This meta-analysis study was conducted to identify the prevalence of cefepime-resistant E. coli in Iran during 2007-2016. Methods: Studies published were searched in Persian databases (including Magiran, and SID) and international databases (including PubMed, ScienceDirect, and Scopus). The selected studies included all types of laboratory methods. Moreover, the random effects model (DerSimonian Laird method) was used to addresses the high heterogeneity (50% < I2) between the reviewed studies. The collected data were categorized into different subgroups on the basis of the year of study and province. Data analysis was performed using the Statsdirect software. Results: Overall, 516 articles were selected from the searched medical databases. After reviewing and applying the inclusion criteria, irrelevant papers were excluded and the remaining 26 studies were meta-analyzed. The overall prevalence of cefepime-resistant E. coli was 53.42% (95%: 43.35, 63.35), ranging from 25% (95%CI: 21.67, 28.55) in 2009 to 61.95% (95%CI: 56.62, 67.09) in 2016. Conclusion: The prevalence of cefepime-resistant E. coli in Iran has had an increasing and alarming trend during the recent years. Therefore, it is necessary to use practical strategies and interventions to control and monitor cefepime-resistant E. coli in the country.   https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/16850 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/16850/6347

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 48 4 2019 04 17 773 774 Monika MACKINOVA Department of Social Work, Faculty of Education, Comenius University, Bratislava, Slovak Republic Pavol KOPINEC Department of Social Work, Faculty of Education, Comenius University, Bratislava, Slovak Republic Jan HOLONIC Department of Social Work, Faculty of Education, Comenius University, Bratislava, Slovak Republic Jaroslav STANCIAK Department of Social Work, Faculty of Education, Comenius University, Bratislava, Slovak Republic 2019 04 17 No Abstract### https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/16881 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/16881/6368

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 48 4 2019 04 16 681 687 Fengmei SHI Clinical Laboratory of Weihaiwei People's Hospital, Weihai, Shandong Province, China Aijun YU Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Dezhou People’s Hospital, Dezhou, China Limei YUAN Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, The Fifth People’s Hospital of Jinan, Jinan, China 2019 04 16 Background: To investigate the clinical significance of monitoring the coagulation indexes, immune factors and inflammatory factors in pregnancy-induced hypertension syndrome (PIH). Methods: 90 pregnant women with PIH admitted in Weihaiwei People's Hospital of Shandong Province, China from 2016 to 2017 were collected, including 45 cases in mild-moderate group and 45 cases in severe group. Another 45 normal pregnant women at the same period were selected as control group. The immune indexes, four index signs of coagulation bloods and serum inflammatory factors in three groups of subjects were determined. Results: The levels of complement 3 (C3), complement 4 (C4), immunoglobulin A (IgA), immunoglobulin G (IgG) and immunoglobulin M (IgM) were successively increased in severe PIH group, mild-moderate PIH group and normal pregnancy group (P<0.05). Compared with those in normal pregnancy group, the levels of PT, APTT and TT were significantly decreased and Fib levels were significantly increased in PIH groups (P<0.05). Compared with those in normal pregnant women, the levels of TNF-α and IL-6 in pregnant women with PIH were significantly increased (P<0.05), and the changes in severe PIH group were more obvious than those in mild-moderate group. Conclusion: Pregnant women with PIH are in a hypercoagulable state and have a higher risk of thrombus and secondary hyperfibrinolysis. Immune factors and inflammatory factors are also associated with the occurrence and development of the disease. Monitoring the changes in coagulation indexes and levels of immune factors and inflammatory factors provide an important reference value for clinical treatment and prevention of complications.   https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/16859 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/16859/6355

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 48 4 2019 04 16 612 620 Fatemeh Zahra KARIMI Nursing and Midwifery Care Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran Hamid HEIDARIAN MIRI Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran Maryam SALEHIAN Nursing and Midwifery Care Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran Talat KHADIVZADEH Nursing and Midwifery Care Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran Mohaddese BAKHSHI Department of Midwifery, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Quchan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Quchan, Iran 2019 04 16 Background: One of the causes of postpartum hemorrhage is prolongation of third stage of labor. Mother-infant skin to skin contact (SSC) immediately after delivery is one of the non-pharmacological interventions to reduce this stage. Studies which assessed the effect of mother-infant SSC after delivery on duration of the third stage of labor reported controversial results on this issue. Therefore, this study investigated the effect of mother-infant SSC immediately after birth on the duration of third stage of labor Methods: In this systematic review and meta-analysis, the databases of PubMed, Scopus, Cochrane, SID, Magiran IranDoc and Google Scholar were searched from 2000 to 2018, using the keywords related to the objectives of this review to access randomized control trials published in Persian or English. The quality of papers was examined using Cochran's Risk of bias tool. Data was analyzed using Stata software. We used I2 index and Chi-square test to investigate heterogeneity and Egger’s and Begg’s tests to assess publications bias. Random effects model was used to combine the data. Results: Six studies were entered into the meta-analysis. The third stage of labor in SSC group was shorter than that of control group with a mean difference of -1.33 and 95% CI (-2.31 to -0.36) and this difference was statistically significant (P=0.007). Conclusion: Mother-infant SSC decreases the duration of third stage of labor. Therefore, the current study provides some evidences to use this non-pharmacological method in order to accelerate the third stage of labor and ultimately prevent postpartum hemorrhage.     https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/16851 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/16851/6348

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 48 4 2019 04 17 775 776 Mohammed JABBAR Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia AND Department of Population Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman, Kajang, Malaysia Zailina HASHIM Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia Huda ZAINUDDIN Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia Rukman HAMAT Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia Munn Sann LYE Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia 2019 04 17 No Abstract### https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/16882 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/16882/6369

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 48 4 2019 04 16 688 696 Dwi SUTININGSIH Department of Epidemiology and Tropical Diseases, Faculty of Public Health, Diponegoro University, Semarang, Indonesia Nurjazuli NURJAZULI Department of Environmental Health, Faculty of Public Health, Diponegoro University, Semarang, Indonesia Djoko NUGROHO Department of Biostatistics, Faculty of Public Health, Diponegoro University, Semarang, Indonesia Tri Baskoro Tunggul SATOTO Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Gadjah Mada University, Yogyakarta, Indonesia 2019 04 16 Background: Vector control is still emphasized on the using of chemical insecticide which can cause death of non-target organisms, pollution and vector resistance. Therefore, natural insecticides/larvicides are an alternative to using chemical insecticides to control the mosquito vector. Methods: Brusatol was isolated from the seeds of Makassar Fruit (Brucea javanica L. Merr). Culex quinquefasciatus larvae were divided into 3 groups, i.e. 6 testing groups and one negative and positive control group. In the negative control group, the larvae were treated with 100 ml aquadest and positive control was treated with temephos 1 ppm. After 24 hours, dead larvae were calculated and the percentage of death was determined. The dead larvae were then examined for morphological changes using a light microscope. Results: The higher of the concentration level of brusatol, the higher number of the death of Cx. quinquefasciatus larvae (P<0.05). The value of brusatol Lethal Concentration 50 to larvae Cx. quinquefasciatus was 0.010 ± 0.122 and value of brusatol Lethal Concentration 90 to larvae Cx. quinquefasciatus was 0.654 ± 0.081 ppm. The higher the concentration of brusatol, the morphological damage of Cx. quinquefasciatus larvae was getting worse and widespread to cause damage to the digestive tract and cuticle. Conclusion: Brusatol isolated from the seed of B. javanica (L) Merr have larvicidal activity to the Cx. quinquefasciatus which is potential to be natural larvicide.     https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/16860 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/16860/6356

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 48 4 2019 04 16 621 631 Wenwen WU School of Health Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, Hubei Province, China AND School of Public Health and Management, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan 442000, Hubei Province, China Yaofei XIE School of Health Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, Hubei Province, China Xiangxiang LIU School of Health Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, Hubei Province, China Yaohua GU School of Health Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, Hubei Province, China Yuting ZHANG School of Health Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, Hubei Province, China Xinlong TU School of Health Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, Hubei Province, China Xiaodong TAN School of Health Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, Hubei Province, China 2019 04 16 Background: Studies related to the prevention and control of myopia in adolescents have increased rapidly, but only a few have measured the levels of scientific collaboration among authors, institutions and countries in this field. Thus, in this study, we aimed to reveal the status and levels of scientific collaboration in this field. Methods: The research population included all published papers in the field of adolescent myopia prevention and control indexed in the Web of Science databases from 1997-2016. The co-authorship networks were drawn using SATI (Statistical Analysis Toolkit for Informetrics), Ucinet and VOS viewer (Visualisation of Similarities viewer). Active authors and some measures of co-author network, including degree centrality, closeness, betweenness, density and diameter, were also assessed. Results: Overall, 610 records were obtained, and a number of publications developed through an increase in different collaboration types, with cooperation among authors and institutions as the most apparent ones. The top ten active authors and institutions were identified. The density of cooperative networks of the top 70 authors and the first 69 institutions were 0.043 and 0.011, respectively, with corresponding diameters of five and six, respectively. Seven distinct clusters formed the cooperation network among 38 countries. The top three clusters were centered in China, the United States and Australia, also identified as the most productive countries. Conclusion: The flow of information is slow and the collaboration among authors and institutions in the network are not close enough. Thus, multiple collaboration types should be encouraged in this field, especially among countries.     https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/16852 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/16852/6349

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 48 4 2019 04 17 777 778 Ivana LJILJANA ZUBIC Department of Psychology, Faculty of Philosophy, University of Niš, Niš, Serbia 2019 04 17 No Abstract### https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/16883 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/16883/6370

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 48 4 2019 04 16 697 703 Jian SUN Department of Endodontics, Xuzhou Stomatological Hospital, Xuzhou 221003, P.R. China Yuanyuan WEI Department of Prosthodontics, Xuzhou Stomatological Hospital, Xuzhou 221003, P.R. China Xiaobei TIAN Department of Endodontics, Xuzhou Stomatological Hospital, Xuzhou 221003, P.R. China AND Teaching and Research Office of Stomatology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221003, P.R. China Qinglin MEN Department of Prosthodontics, Xuzhou Stomatological Hospital, Xuzhou 221003, P.R. China 2019 04 16 Background: We aimed to evaluate the efficacy of mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) in the treatment of endodontic disease. Methods: Oversell, 384 patients with endodontic disease treated in Xuzhou Stomatological Hospital, Xuzhou, China, from June 2015 to June 2017 were selected, and randomly divided into four groups with 96 cases per group. The repair effects of MTA, zinc phosphate cement (ZPC), silver amalgam and light-curing calcium hydroxide (LCH) on the teeth and dental pulp of patients in the four groups were compared. Meanwhile, the ill symptoms of the patients were observed to confirm whether they could be alleviated. Besides, whether the repair effects were related to ages of patients, perforation diameters of diseased teeth and repair materials was discussed. Results: The success rates of MTA group, ZPC group, LCH group and silver amalgam group were 90.6%, 68.7%, 70.8% and 52.1%, respectively. The success rate of MTA group was significantly higher than that of ZPC group, silver amalgam group and LCH group. When the success rates of four groups were compared, the differences were statistically significant (P=0.0072). The patient's age, repair material and perforation diameter were positively correlated with MTA repair effect (P=0.003, P=0.002, P=0.01). The patients' teeth in each group were repaired with different materials, and the reexamination was conducted 4 weeks later. Three patients in the silver amalgam group were found to have gingival swelling. Conclusion: The therapeutic effect of MTA was significant in the treatment of endodontic disease, and it is worthy of clinical application.     https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/16861 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/16861/6357

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 48 4 2019 04 16 632 643 Azmawati Mohammed NAWI Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Molecular Biology Institute (UMBI), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Center, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia AND Department of Community Health, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia Siok-Fong CHIN Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Molecular Biology Institute (UMBI), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Center, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia Shamsul AZHAR SHAH Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Molecular Biology Institute (UMBI), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Center, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia AND Department of Community Health, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia Rahman JAMAL Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Molecular Biology Institute (UMBI), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Center, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia 2019 04 16 Background: Trace elements play a pivotal role in Colorectal Cancer (CRC) inhibition and development process. This systematic review provides the basic comparison of case-control studies focusing on concentration of trace elements between those with CRC and controls Methods: The systematic review searched through two databases of Medline and Cochrane up to 24th June 2017. The search strategy focused on Population, Intervention, Comparison, and Outcomes (PICO). We searched the role of trace elements in cancer and focusing on case-control studies in CRC to obtain an insight into the differences in trace element concentrations between those with and without cancer. Results: The serum concentrations of Ca, Cu, Mg, Mn, Se, Si, and Zn were lower in CRC patients but for Co and S the levels were higher in CRC patients. The concentrations of Cd, Cr, Cu, Mg, Mn, Pb, and Zn were increased in patients with metastasis, but not in Se. As for colon tissue specimens, inconsistent levels were reported between studies, notably in Cu, Se, and Zn. No changes were reported for B and Ca levels. Most of the trace elements in the tissue specimens showed higher concentrations of Cr, Fe, K, Mg, P, Rb, S, and Si compared to Br. Conclusion: With the growing interest to understand the link between trace elements in carcinogenesis and the possible interactions, multi assessment analysis of a larger cohort of samples is necessary.   https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/16853 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/16853/6350

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 48 4 2019 04 17 779 781 Behrouz EZATPOUR Razi Herbal Medicines Research Center, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran Seyed Mahmoud Reza TAHERIAN Department of Public Health, School of Health, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran Saeid BAJALAN Department of Medical Parasitology and Mycology, School of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran Mohammad Hassan KAYEDI Razi Herbal Medicines Research Center, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran Hossein MAHMOUDVAND Razi Herbal Medicines Research Center, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran Khatereh ANBARI Department of Social Medicine, Medical School, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran 2019 04 17 No Abstract### https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/16884 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/16884/6371

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 48 4 2019 04 16 704 712 Jasmina PLUNCEVIC GLIGOROSKA Institute of Physiology and Anthropology, Faculty of Medicine, University Ss Cyril and Methodius, Skopje, Republic of Macedonia Serjoza GONTAREV Faculty of Physical Education, Health and Sport, University Ss Cyril and Methodius, Skopje, Republic of Macedonia Beti DEJANOVA Institute of Physiology and Anthropology, Faculty of Medicine, University Ss Cyril and Methodius, Skopje, Republic of Macedonia Lidija TODOROVSKA Institute of Physiology and Anthropology, Faculty of Medicine, University Ss Cyril and Methodius, Skopje, Republic of Macedonia Daniela SHUKOVA STOJMANOVA Faculty of Physical Education, Health and Sport, University Ss Cyril and Methodius, Skopje, Republic of Macedonia Sanja MANCHEVSKA Institute of Physiology and Anthropology, Faculty of Medicine, University Ss Cyril and Methodius, Skopje, Republic of Macedonia 2019 04 16