Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 46 5 2017 05 09 591 601 Fan YANG School for Health Policy & Management, Nanjing Medical University, Hanzhong Road 140, Nanjing 210029, Jiangsu Province, P.R. CHINA D QIAN School for Health Policy & Management, Nanjing Medical University, Hanzhong Road 140, Nanjing 210029, Jiangsu Province, P.R. CHINA Dan HU School for Health Policy & Management, Nanjing Medical University, Hanzhong Road 140, Nanjing 210029, Jiangsu Province, P.R. CHINA 2017 05 09 2017 05 09 Background: NCDs are the leading disease burdens in China and the NCDs risk factors shifts have accelerated at an unprecedented scale over the past 30 years. The aim of this study was to analysis the natural trajectories of NCDs risk factors over the life course. Methods: The large-scale longitudinal data from the CHNS includes nine rounds of surveys between 1989 and 2011. Overall, 145913 observations (29719 individuals) at multiple exams have been followed up over a 23-year period. The mixed-effects models with random intercepts were used to the characterize shifts in the distribution of these risk factors across the whole life course. Results: During about 23 years observational period across all age bands, the mean AMC, UAC, TSF, BMI, WC, DBP, SD, DD, and PA trajectory all increased until a certain age. Then decreased in both gender, whereas SBP strictly increased across lifespan; and the secular trend in AMC and WC, SBP, DBP was greater in women than in men; younger generations had higher AMC, UAC, TSF, BMI, WC, WHR, WHtR, SBP, DBP levels across adulthood, whereas younger birth cohorts had lower SD, DD, and PA levels. Conclusion: We observed in a large and comprehensive longitudinal dataset that provided strong evidence of population-wide secular shifts from childhood onwards, which suggests that promoting healthier lifestyles, body weight, blood pressure and enhancing the primary practitioner’s capability should be required to reduce the burden of NCDs in China.   https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/9905 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/9905/5702

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 46 5 2017 05 09 585 590 Shahram YAZDANI Dept. of Medical Education, School of Medical Education, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Maryam AKBARILAKEH Dept. of Medical Education, School of Medical Education, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran 2017 05 09 2017 05 09 Background: This study provided the theoretical basis for program development through a new conceptualization of the concept of family physician related health care. Methods: Critical interpretive synthesis (CIS) was used to carry out qualitative analysis and synthesis of the literature from 2006 until 2015. At the beginning of CIS, the search strategy was designed to access electronic databases such as CINAHL, Medline, Cochrane library, PsycINFO, Embase, EBMreviews, and Thomson scientific web of science database. The main review question was the clarification of the health care related to family physician in health system, which produced over related 750 articles; 60 articles related to the research objective were studied by purposive sampling. After identifying the main categories and sub-categories, synthesis of the contradictory findings in different studies was conducted. New concepts and relationships between concepts were created using CIS of documentation related to the place of family physician in health system. Results: To define the original position of family physician in health system, clarify its related health care and determine its boundaries from other health care providers, and its use in the design and development of family physician’s educational program, a frame of concepts related to the main concept and question was created. A more useful means of understanding family physician is offered by the synthetic constructs of this framework. Conclusion: The theoretical conceptualization of family physician position and duties in the health system can be an appropriate guide for educational program and curricula in our context.   https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/9903 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/9903/5701

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 46 5 2017 05 09 705 707 So-Youn AN Dept. of Pediatric Dentistry, College of Dentistry, Wonkwang University, Daejeon, South Republic of Korea Ki Seok HONG Perio-Implant Research Center, Dankook University College of Dentistry, Cheonan, South Republic of Korea Jong-Tae PARK Dept. of Oral Anatomy, Dankook University College of Dentistry, Cheonan, South Republic of Korea 2017 05 09 2017 05 09 Comparison of Gene-expression Profiles between Normal and Periodontitis-affected Tissues https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/9921 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/9921/5719

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 46 5 2017 05 09 699 704 Sharareh ESKANDARIEH Brain and Spinal Cord Injury Research Center, Neuroscience Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran AND MS Research Center, Neuroscience Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Pouria HEYDARPOUR MS Research Center, Neuroscience Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Seyedeh-Robab ELHAMI Dept. of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Mohammad Ali SAHRAIAN MS Research Center, Neuroscience Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran 2017 05 09 2017 05 09 Background: Tehran is the capital of Iran with an increasing Multiple Sclerosis (MS) incidence. A retrospective population-based study was conducted to evaluate the status of MS prevalence and MS incidence trends in Tehran Province, Iran. Methods: A population-based study was conducted from 1991 to 2014 in Tehran Province, the capital city of Iran based on Iranian MS Society (IMSS) registry system. A structured questionnaire design to cover the important epidemiological variables, related at the individual level for MS. A Monte Carlo Permutation method was utilized to test whether the apparent change in MS trends during 1991-2014 was statistically significant. Results: MS incidence was significantly increased during our study period. The annual percent change (APC) was 12.8% in women during 1991 to 2004 and 12.5% in men during the same period. The point prevalence of MS was 101.39 per 100000 populations in 2014. The age-adjusted prevalence rates were 134.03 and for male patients were 42.45 per 100000. Conclusion: MS prevalence and incidence in Tehran are markedly rising, it is crucial to elucidate the causes of the increasing trends and implement efficient policies lowering disease burden.   https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/9920 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/9920/5718

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 46 5 2017 05 09 602 607 Radhika Kalyani KOMMALAPATI Dept. of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Sibar, Institute of Dental Sciences, Guntur, Andhra Pradesh, India Deepthi KATURI Dept. of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, St. Joseph’s Dental College, Elur, Andhra Pradesh, India Kiran Kumar KATTAPPAGARI Dept. of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Sibar, Institute of Dental Sciences, Guntur, Andhra Pradesh, India Lalith Prakash Chandra KANTHETI Dept. of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Sibar, Institute of Dental Sciences, Guntur, Andhra Pradesh, India Rajasekhar Babu MURAKONDA Practitioner, Guntur, Andhra Pradesh, India Chandra Sekhar POOSARLA Dept. of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Sibar, Institute of Dental Sciences, Guntur, Andhra Pradesh, India Ravi Teja CHITTURI Dept. of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Sibar, Institute of Dental Sciences, Guntur, Andhra Pradesh, India Sridhar Reddy GONTU Dept. of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Sibar, Institute of Dental Sciences, Guntur, Andhra Pradesh, India Venkata Ramana Reddy BADDAM Sibar Health and Research Foundation, Sibar Institute of Dental Sciences, Guntur, Andhra Pradesh, India 2017 05 09 2017 05 09 Background: Forensic odontology plays important role in identification of human remains in mass disasters such as air crash, tsunami, and accidents. Palatal rugae act as an ideal requisite for human identification as they are present in all victims and are resistant to changes such as aging and trauma. The study aimed to analyze differences in shape and number of palatal rugae in population from Andhra Pradesh and Telangana states. Methods: This study was conducted in SIBAR institute of Dental Sciences, Guntur, India in 2012 on 200 subjects, gender matched and equally divided as 100 from Andhra Pradesh and 100 from Telangana states. Rugae were studied using Kapali.S classification. Association between rugae shape and gender variation between the two populations were tested by chi-square analysis and student t-test.                               Results: Average number of rugae was more (11.84±3.03) in subjects of Andhra Pradesh, compared to Telangana (9.50 ±1.65) population. Males of Andhra Pradesh showed significantly higher mean number of total rugae than in Telangana males. Distribution of total number of different rugae shapes in males and females of both the populations showed significant variation in wavy and circular rugae patterns. Wavy, curved and straight rugae were significantly higher in males and females of Andhra Pradesh compared to Telangana population. Telangana population showed significant increase in circular rugae. Conclusion: Our study revealed statistically significant variation in shape and total number of rugae between observed populations of Andhra Pradesh and Telangana states.   https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/9906 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/9906/5703

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 46 5 2017 05 09 708 710 Harapan HARAPAN Medical Research Unit, School of Medicine, Syiah Kuala University, Banda Aceh, Indonesia AND Tropical Disease Center, School of Medicine, Syiah Kuala University, Banda Aceh, Indonesia AND Dept. of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Syiah Kuala University, Banda Aceh, Indonesia Alma ALLETA Dept. of Family Medicine, School of Medicine, Syiah Kuala University, Banda Aceh, Indonesia Samsul ANWAR Dept. of Statistics, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Syiah Kuala University, Banda Aceh, Indonesia Abdul M. SETIAWAN Dept. of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, State Islamic University Maulana Malik Ibrahim, Malang, Indonesia 2017 05 09 2017 05 09 Socio-demographic Factors Associated with Inhabitants’ View Related to Vaccines in Indonesia https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/9922 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/9922/5720

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 46 5 2017 05 09 608 611 Xu-Dong DING Dept. of Rehabilitation Medicine,Xiangyang No.1 People’s Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Xiangyang, Hubei, China Jing ZHONG Dept. of Ultrasound Imaging,Xiangyang No.1 People’s Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Xiangyang, Hubei, China Yan-Ping LIU Dept. of Rehabilitation Medicine,Xiangyang No.1 People’s Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Xiangyang, Hubei, China Hua-Xian CHEN Dept. of Rehabilitation Medicine,Xiangyang No.1 People’s Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Xiangyang, Hubei, China 2017 05 09 2017 05 09 Background: We aimed to study the curative effects of botulinum A toxin (BTX-A) on the treatment of post-herpetic neuralgia (PNH). Methods: We enrolled 58 PNH patients and treated them with hypodermic injection of BTX-A in Xiangyang No.1 People’s Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Hubei, China. We measured and compared the Visual Analog Score (VAS), Neuropathy Pain Scale (NPS), Quality of Life Scale (SF-36) score, PNH seizure severity degree, seizure duration, frequency of attack and the use of painkillers before and after treatment. We used SPSS13 software package for statistical analysis. Values were expressed by mean± standard deviation. P<0.05 indicated a significant difference and P<0.01 indicated an obvious significant difference. Results: Attack frequency, attack duration and attack severity were all significantly lower after treatment (P<0.01). The use of painkillers reduced after treatment (P<0.01) and we observed very few adverse reactions associated with BTX-A injection. Conclusion: The use of BTX-A for treating post-herpetic neuralgia produced very promising results with very few adverse reactions. BTX-A can be considered as a valid approach in the treatment of PNH, especially in patients that do not respond well to painkillers.    https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/9907 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/9907/5704

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 46 5 2017 05 09 711 712 Yu Qiao MA Dept. of Child, Adolescence and Woman Health Care, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong Universittensities in Chronic Stroke Patients: A Randomized Controlled Preliminary Report 1085 1086 Tae-Young PARK Dept. of Physical Therapy, Graduate School of Health and Medicine, Daejeon University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea Yong-Jun CHA Dept. of Physical Therapy, College of Health and Medical Science, Daejeon University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea Sung-Min SON Dept. of Physical Therapy, College of Health Science, Cheongju University, Cheongju, Republic of Korea 2016 08 28 2016 08 28 Comparison of Body Composition of Trunk and Extremities of Affected Sides at Different Aerobic Exercise Intensities in Chron-ic Stroke Patients: A Randomized Controlled Preliminary Report https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/7612 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/7612/5523

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 45 8 2016 10 10 1012 1019 Ardak КUANYSHKALIYEVA Dept. of Public Health N1, Astana Medical University, Astana, Kazakhstan Nurbek IGISSINOV Central Asian Cancer Institute, Astana, Kazakhstan Аsiya ТURGAMBAYEVA Dept. of Public Health N1, Astana Medical University, Astana, Kazakhstan 2016 08 28 2016 08 28 Background: We examined epidemiological aspects of dynamic changes in incidence of ovarian cancer in women of Kazakh and Russian nationalities in Kazakhstan. Methods: The material of investigation was primary data on registered patients with malignant ovarian tumors in the whole country. The study was conducted during the period of 1999-2009. Evaluation of changes in ovarian cancer incidence in the female population of Kazakhstan was performed using component analysis. Results: The number of patients with ovarian cancer in the whole country is increasing. This increase is due to several major reasons, including population growth (all females – ΔP=+22.1%, females of Kazakh nationality – ΔP=+46.0% and females of Russian nationality – ΔP=−259.3%), changes in the age structure (all females – ΔA=+32.7%, females of Kazakh nationality – ΔA=+27.1 and females of Russian nationality – ΔA=+130.8),and changes in risks of developing the disease (all females – ΔR=+36.0%, females of Kazakh nationality – ΔR=+13.1% and females of Russian nationality – ΔR=+246.8%). Conclusion: This investigation was the first epidemiological study of dynamics of ovarian cancer by component analysis in women of Kazakh and Russian nationalities in Kazakhstan. Implementation of the results of the study is recommended in management of anti-cancer activities for ovarian cancer.     https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/7602 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/7602/5496

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 45 8 2016 10 10 986 996 Parvin MANSOURI Skin and Stem Cell Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Alemeh KHADEMI Dept. of Iranian Traditional Medicine, School of Traditional Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Daryoush PAHLEVAN Research Center for Social Determinants of Health, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran Zahra MEMARIANI Dept. of Traditional Pharmacy, School of Traditional Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Jale ALIASL The Research Institute for Islamic and Complementary Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Laila SHIRBEIGI Dept. of Iranian Traditional Medicine, School of Traditional Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran 2016 08 28 2016 08 28 Background: Hand Eczema (HE) is a dermatological disorder with frequent relapses and multiple causes such as atopic, allergic and irritant contact dermatitis. The management is complex because of the wide range of different pathogenesis. Efficacy of some of available treatments is not well established and it can affect patients’ quality of life significantly. Methods: Reports on HE such as diagnosis, pathophysiology, pharmacological and nonpharmacological therapy that described in medieval Iranian medicine, were gathered and analyzed from selected medical and pharmaceutical textbooks of Iranian Traditional Medicine (ITM). The search of databases such as PubMed, EMBASE/Excerpta Medica, Science direct, Scopus, Google scholar, Web of science, Sid, Iran medex, Irandoc, was performed to reconfirm the efficacy of ITM remedies in conventional medicine from 1980-Jan-1 to 2015-Dec-30. Results: According to their opinion, HE is highly associated with liver function. This disorder was categorized into two main types as wet and dry ones. Most Iranian textbook explained signs of HE, as excessive skin itching, redness, burning and dryness. Treatments recommended by Iranian scientists were lifestyle modification, dietary intervention and performing the rules of prevention as well as herbal therapy and special manipulations. Conclusion: Iranian practitioners believed that, six essential principles, diet therapy and medicinal plants have high impact on treatment of HE. These remedies based on Iranian scholar’s experiences might be useful for further studies to the management of HE.   https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/7599 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/7599/5492

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 45 8 2016 10 10 1087 1088 Urszula RELIGIONI Collegium of Socio-Economics, Warsaw School of Economics, Warsaw, Poland Dominik OLEJNICZAK Public Health Department, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland Joanna KAJAK Public Health Department, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland 2016 08 28 2016 08 28 Mobile Health Application as a Modern Tool of Prevention and Health Education in Poland   https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/7613 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/7613/5525

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 45 8 2016 10 10 1020 1028 Chonticha KAEWANUCHIT Dept. of Applied Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, Phranakhon Si Ayutthaya Rajabhat University, Phranakhon Si Ayutthaya Province, Bangkok, Thailand Yothin SAWANGDEE Institute for Population and Social Research, Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom, Thailand 2016 08 28 2016 08 28 Background: The aim of this study was to verify a path model of job stress using Thai-JCQ. Methods: The population of this cross-sectional study was 800 immigrant employees in the central region of Thailand in 2015 by stratified random sampling. Instruments used both the applied and standard questionnaires. Job stress was measured using Thai-JCQ dealt with psychosocial work factors. A path model of job stress using Thai-JCQ was verified using M-plus. Results: Variables could explain the job stress change by 22.2%. Working conditions, job securities, workloads had direct effect on job stress while, workloads had indirect effect as well. Wages did not have any significance. Conclusion: The results of this study have implications for public health under occupational health research and practice by making public health and occupational health professionals aware of the importance a comprehensive approach to job stress prevention in the vulnerable population.     https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/7603 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/7603/5498

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 45 8 2016 10 10 1089 1090 Jasmina RADOJLOVIĆ College for Health Studies “Milutin Milanković”, Belgrade, Serbia Nela ĐONOVIĆ Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia Tatjana SIMOVIĆ College of Health Studies, Ćuprija, Serbia 2016 08 28 2016 08 28 Inclusive Education and Mental Health Preservation for Students https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/7614 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/7614/5527

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 45 8 2016 10 10 1029 1037 Juhyun JANG Division of Chronic Disease Control, Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Cheongju, Korea Baeg Ju NA Seoul Metropolitan Government Seobuk Hospital, Seoul, Korea Moo-Sik LEE Dept. of Preventive Medicine, Konyang University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea Soonryu SEO Division of Chronic Disease Control, Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Cheongju, Korea Changhyun SUNG Division of Chronic Disease Control, Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Cheongju, Korea Hyun Joo KIM Dept. of Nursing Science, Shinsung University, Dangjin, Korea Jin Yong LEE Public Health Medical Services, Boramae Medical Center, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea AND Institute of Health Policy and Management, Medical Research Center, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea 2016 08 28 2016 08 28 Background: Public Service Advertising (PSA) is a public interest message disseminated in the form of an advertisement communication and its main purpose is to promote public behavioral changes regarding a social issue. Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (KCDC) has been delivering PSA by various media. However, the effect of PSAs has never been evaluated. The purpose of this study was to estimate the effects of broadcasted PSA produced by KCDC on cardiovascular disease (CVD). Methods: One thousand adult participants throughout 15 provinces in Korea were chosen through the quota sampling method in 2012. A face-to-face research survey with 13 questions was conducted using a Computer Assisted Personal Interview (CAPI) system. Previous exposure to the PSA message, understanding, and behavioral intention to change was assessed. Results: After watching the PSA, about 75% of participants answered that they could understand the contents well and 70% had willingness to change their behaviors associated with CVD. However, only 24% of participants answered they watched the PSA during the past year. Conclusion: The PSA had positive effects on increasing the level of understanding and intention to change behaviors regarding CVD. However, the level of exposure was low. KCDC should make an effort to increase the public exposure level, which could be an important success factor regarding the PSA. In addition, KCDC should consider customized PSA for vulnerable people such as multi-cultural families, the disabled, and the elderly.   Keywords: Public service advertising, Cardiovascular disease, Exposure level, Understanding, Intention   Background:Public Service Advertising (PSA) is a public interest message disseminated in the form of an advertisement communication and its main purpose is to promote public behavioral changes regarding a social issue. Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (KCDC) has been delivering PSA by various media. However, the effect of PSAs has never been evaluated. The purpose of this study was to estimate the effects of broadcasted PSA produced by KCDC on cardiovascular disease (CVD). Methods: One thousand adult participants throughout 15 provinces in Korea were chosen through the quota sampling method in 2012. A face-to-face research survey with 13 questions was conducted using a Computer Assisted Personal Interview (CAPI) system. Previous exposure to the PSA message, understanding, and behavioral intention to change was assessed. Results:After watching the PSA, about 75% of participants answered that they could understand the contents well and 70% had willingness to change their behaviors associated with CVD. However, only 24% of participants answered they watched the PSA during the past year. Conclusion: The PSA had positive effects on increasing the level of understanding and intention to change behaviors regarding CVD. However, the level of exposure was low. KCDC should make an effort to increase the public exposure level, which could be an important success factor regarding the PSA. In addition, KCDC should consider customized PSA for vulnerable people such as multi-cultural families, the disabled, and the elderly.   https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/7604 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/7604/5500

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 45 8 2016 10 10 1091 1092 Anna KOSTIUKOW Rheumatology and Rehabilitation, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznań, Poland Elzbieta KALUGA Rheumatology and Rehabilitation, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznań, Poland Piotr LESZCZYNSKI Rheumatology and Rehabilitation, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznań, Poland Wlodzimierz SAMBORSKI Rheumatology and Rehabilitation, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznań, Poland Elzbieta ROSTKOWSKA Rheumatology and Rehabilitation, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznań, Poland 2016 08 28 2016 08 28 Physical Fitness of the Arms in Patients with Rheumatic Diseases https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/7615 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/7615/5528

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 45 8 2016 10 10 1038 1043 Burçin ŞANLIDAĞ Dept. of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Near East University, Nicosia, Cyprus Buse ÇAĞIN School of Medicine, Near East University, Nicosia, Cyprus Övgü ÖZENLİ School of Medicine, Near East University, Nicosia, Cyprus Özlem ŞAHALOĞLU Dept. of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Near East University, Nicosia, Cyprus Ceyhun DALKAN Dept. of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Near East University, Nicosia, Cyprus Nilüfer GALİP Dept. of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Near East University, Nicosia, Cyprus Arzu BABAYİĞİT HOCAOĞLU Dept. of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Near East University, Nicosia, Cyprus Nerin BAHÇECİLER Dept. of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Near East University, Nicosia, Cyprus 2016 08 28 2016 08 28 Background: Iron Deficiency Anemia (IDA) is an important health problem all around the world especially in developing countries. In the Mediterranean countries another prevelant reason of anemia is Thalassemia. Certain strategies had been established as a government policy to reduce prevalence in North Cyprus, such as pre-marital screening of Thalassemia. The prevalence of thalassemia trait has not been evaluated since then. The aim of this study was to detect the prevalence of IDA, thalassemia trait in infants under regular follow-up and to evaluate the compliance to prophylactic iron supplementation (PIS) and its effect on IDA. Methods: Healthy children admitted to Department of Pediatrics, Near East University Hospital, in 2011–2013 were included. Data of anthropometric measurements, parental thalassemia trait status, duration of PIS usage, complete blood count, ferritin levels and hemoglobin electrophoresis were collected from hospital database program. Anemic children were grouped as IDA, thalassemia trait, both IDA and thalassemia trait and others. Results: Eıghty-nine infants with a mean age 13.52±2.09 mo were included. Compliance with PIS recommendation was 85.3% and, the mean duration of iron usage was 6.44±3.18 mo. IDA and thalassemia trait were found to be 11.2% and 4.5% respectively, while 3.4% of the infants had both IDA and thalassemia trait. Conclusion: Prevalence of thalassemia trait was 7.9% demonstrating approximately a 50% decline within 5 decades. This result confirms the success of premarital screening policy in North Cyprus. In addition, prevalence of IDA was relatively low being 14.6% supporting the beneficial effect of PIS on prevention of IDA.     https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/7605 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/7605/5502

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 45 8 2016 10 10 1093 1095 Sepideh HASSANZADEH Biotechnology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Mohammad Reza POURMAND Dept. of Pathobiology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran AND Urology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Davoud AFSHAR Dept. of Pathobiology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Sanaz DEHBASHI Biotechnology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Rahil MASHHADI Urology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran 2016 08 28 2016 08 28 TENT: A Rapid DNA Extraction Method of Staphylococcus  aureus. https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/7616 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/7616/5529

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 45 8 2016 10 10 1044 1053 Zahra PANJALI Dept. of Occupational Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sc capsules of 40% standardized extract containing 20 mg of pure isoflavones: Genistein, Daidzein, and Glycitein (i.e. for the group with phytoestrogens); and no trreatment for the control group. Results: The evolution of the somatic-vegetative symptoms was better in both groups treated either with phytoestrogens or HRT (P<0.001) as opposed to the higher percentage of patients with stationary symptoms in the control group (i.e. 37.74% for control group, 16.13% for the group treated with phytoestrogens, respectively 18.95% for the group treated with HRT). Conclusion: Twelve months treatment study is a favorable evidence for the use of soy derived phytoestrogens in the treatment of somatic-vegetative symptoms at postmenopausal women.     https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/11484 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/11484/5822

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 46 11 2017 11 01 1596 1597 Azadeh MEMARIAN Dept. of Forensic Medicine, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Shahrokh MEHRPISHEH Dept. of Neonatology, School of Medicine, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran Elham ZAREI Dept. of Radiology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Farrokh TAPHTACH Dept. of Forensic Medicine, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Leila ABDOLKARIMI Dept. of Forensic Medicine, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran 2017 11 01 2017 11 01 Main Determinants of Ossification in Humerus Bone and  Coracoid Process among Iranian Neonates https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/11497 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/11497/5835

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 46 11 2017 11 01 1535 1539 Yu LIU Dept. of Emergency, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China Weize YANG Dept. of Emergency, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China Jie WEI Dept. of Emergency, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China 2017 11 01 2017 11 01 Background: This study aimed to investigate the guiding effect of serum procalcitonin (PCT) on the antibiotic application to patients with sepsis. Methods: Ninety-eight patients with sepsis treated in Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, China from 2015-2017 were enrolled. They were divided into two equal groups of control group and the observation group. Patients in the observation group received the antibiotic therapy guided by PCT while patients in the control group received the regular antibiotic therapy. The conventional indexes, prognosis and clinical effects of the two groups were compared. Results: There were no statistical significance in the differences of the Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II (APACHE-II) scores C-reactive protein (CRP) and white blood cell count (WBC) levels between the two groups. The duration of the antibiotic application to patients in the observation group was (7.74±0.61) d which was (10.22±0.78) d shorter than that to patients in the control group. The difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). The Intensive Care Unit (ICU) stay time and the hospital stays of patients in the observation group were shorter than those of patients in the control group. The difference had statistical significance (P<0.05). The difference in 30-day-recurrence rate and 30 day-mortality of the patients in the two groups had no statistical significance. There was statistically significant difference in the comparison of the clinical effects between the two groups. Conclusion: Guiding effects of the serum PCT on the application of antibiotics to patients with sepsis shorten the usage time of the antibiotics, ICU stay time and hospital stays.     https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/11485 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/11485/5823

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 46 11 2017 11 01 1598 1600 Zahra MAKANI Dept. of Biology, Zanjan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Zanjan, Iran Sina MIRZAAHMADI Dept. of Biology, Zanjan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Zanjan, Iran Marzieh MOTALLEBI Dept. of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Cancer Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Abolfazl MOVAFAGH Dept. of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Cancer Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran 2017 11 01 2017 11 01 Molecular Diagnostics with Laboratory Finding in Patients with Myeloproliferative Neoplasms https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/11498 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/11498/5836

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 46 11 2017 11 01 1540 1545 Payam KHAZAELI Pharmaceutics Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran AND Dept. of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran Mitra MEHRABANI Herbal and Traditional Medicines Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran Mahmoud Reza HEIDARI Pharmaceutics Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran Gholamreza ASADIKARAM Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Institute of Basic and Clinical Physiology Sciences, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran Moslem LARI NAJAFI Pharmaceutics Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran 2017 11 01 2017 11 01 Background: Mycotoxins are natural toxins, produced by several fungal species and are associated with morbidity or even mortality in animals, plants, and humans. In this study, 120 samples of herbs and spices in both bulk and packaged forms were prepared in order to measure aflatoxin level in different regions of Iran Methods: The aflatoxin was extracted during Mar to May 2015, using 80% methanol and then purified via immunoaffinity column. Measurements were performed, using high-performance liquid chromatography, equipped with a fluorescence detection system at excitation and emission wavelengths of 365 and 435 nm, respectively. Results: The highest prevalence of aflatoxin contamination in food products was attributed to aflatoxin B1 (30.8%). In addition, the highest prevalence of aflatoxin contamination was reported in red pepper (100%). Examination of effective factors indicated the substantial impact of moisture on aflatoxin level (P=0.046). Conclusion: Even at low levels of aflatoxin, contamination could be a serious threat, given the prevalent use of spices (either raw or not) as ingredients in food preparation. Therefore, regular monitoring of spices, especially chili pepper, is highly recommended.     https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/11486 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/11486/5824

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 46 11 2017 11 01 1601 1602 Rouhullah DEHGHANI Social Determinants of Health (SDH) Research Center, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran AND Dept. of Environmental Health, School of Health, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran Mohammad Ali SAHRAIAN Neuroscience Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Masoud YUNESIAN Center for Air Pollution Research, Institute for Environmental Research, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Mostafa HADEII Dept. of Environmental Health, School of Health, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, Iran Hamid Reza GILASI Dept. of Epidemiology, School of Health, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Vahid KAZEMI-MOGHADDAM Dept. of Environmental Health, School of Health, Neyshabur University of Medical Sciences, Neyshabur, Iran 2017 11 01 2017 11 01 Reply to Urbanization Theory for Growing Trend of Multiple Sclerosi https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/11499 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/11499/5837

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 46 11 2017 11 01 1546 1554 Neda GILANI Dept. of Statistics and Epidemiology, Faculty of Health, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran Anoshirvan KAZEMNEJAD Dept. of Biostatistics, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran Farid ZAYERI Dept. of Biostatistics, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Farzad HADAEGH Prevention of Metabolic Disorders Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Fereidoun AZIZI Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Davood KHALILI Prevention of Metabolic Disorders Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran 2017 11 01 2017 11 01 Background: The prevalence of overweight and obesity have increased dramatically worldwide and together they constitute a major risk factor for coronary heart disease (CHD). The aim of this study was to assess the repeated measurements of body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), waist to hip ratio (WHR) and waist to height ratio (WHtR) in predicting CHD incidence. Methods: This longitudinal study was conducted within the framework of the Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study between 1999–2011, on 1959 women and 1371 men participants’ ages ≥30 yr, without a history of CVD. A joint modeling approach was utilized for data analysis using R software. The resulting joint model allowed measuring α (quantifies the association between anthropometric indices up to time t and the hazard for CHD event at the same time point). Results: About 9% of the participants (7.1% of the women and 11.7% of the men) experienced CHD event during follow-up. The results indicated a significant linear increasing trend in BMI, WC, WHR, and WHtR over time (P<0.001). The increased risk of CHD event in females increases with the values of BMI (α= 0.004, P=0.023), WC (α= 0.018, P=0.009), WHR (α= 0.067, P=0.014) and WHtR (α= 0.106, P=0.002). Furthermore, in males the risk of CHD risk increases by the values of BMI (α= 0.005, P=0.032), WC (α= 0.019, P=0.008), WHR (α= 0.043, P=0.015) and WHtR (α= 0.096, P=0.002). Conclusion: By jointly modeling longitudinal data with time-to-event outcomes, our study revealed that WHtR is superior to other indices in predicting CHD incidence.     https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/11487 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/11487/5825

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 46 11 2017 11 01 1555 1562 Ramin RAVANGARD Health Human Resource Research Center, School of Management and Medical Information Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran Mohammadkarim BAHADORI Health Management Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Mehdi RAADABADI Research Center for Health Services Management, Institute for Futures Studies in Health, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran Ehsan TEYMOURZADEH Research Center for Health Services Management, Institute for Futures Studies in Health, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran Khalil ALIMOMOHAMMADZADEH Dept. of Health Services Management, North Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran Fardin MEHRABIAN Dept. of Education and Health Promotion, School of Health, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Guilan, Iran 2017 11 22 2017 11 22 Background: This study aimed to identify and prioritize factors affecting the development of military hospital beds and provide a model using fuzzy analytical hierarchy process (Fuzzy AHP). Methods: This applied study was conducted in 2016 in Iran using a mixed method. The sample included experts in the field of military health care system. The MAXQDA 10.0 and Expert Choice 10.0 software were used for analyzing the collected data. Results: Geographic situation, demographic status, economic status, health status, health care centers and organizations, financial and human resources, laws and regulations and by-laws, and the military nature of service recipients had effects on the development of military hospital beds. The military nature of service recipients (S=0.249) and economic status (S=0.040) received the highest and lowest priorities, respectively. Conclusion: Providing d