Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 46 3 2017 03 14 293 300 Dongwook SOHN Dept. of Architectural Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea Hyunjin OH Dept. of Nursing, Gachon University, Incheon, South Korea 2017 03 14 2017 03 14 Background: Air pollution has been a serious public health threat worldwide. It has been linked to pulmonary and cardiovascular diseases but is also believed to contribute to air-pollution-mediated cardiometabolic disease such as diabetes. We investigated the relationship between type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2) and air pollution in densely developed urban settings in South Korea, using national epidemiologic data. Methods: The analysis focused on examining gender-related differences in the relationship between DM 2 and air pollutants, specifically particulate matter ≤ 10μm (PM10) and sulfur dioxide (SO2). To assess the relationship between DM and exposure to PM10 and SO2, multivariate logistic regression models were developed using the 2012 Korea Community Health Survey data and the ambient air pollution data in South Korean cities at both Gu- and Si levels. Results: The commonly encountered levels of PM10 and SO2 may be associated with DM 2 prevalence in South Korea but it appears there may be gender differences. In particular, exposure to either PM10 or SO2 was significantly related to the prevalence of DM 2 among women but not among men. Conclusion: These findings provide new evidence of an association between air pollution and the risk of diabetes in urbanized areas of South Korea.     https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/9380 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/9380/5639

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 46 3 2017 03 14 281 285 Brice POREAU Children Hospital, CHU Grenoble, Grenoble, France Public Health – International Studies Institute, Lyon, France 2017 03 14 2017 03 14 Background: Due to embargoes and sanctions from 1979 until 2015, impact on scientific research in Iran may be critical. Public health is the main example of this burning point. In this paper, the aim was to map the scientific research in public health in Iran until 2014 with area studies as well as networks of countries involved. Methods: We used bibliographic analyses using VOS viewer software for network analysis during the period 1975-2014. Two databases were used: Web of Science and PubMed. We performed analyses of journals, authors, publication years, organizations, funding companies, countries, keywords and Web of sciences Categories. Results: We accessed 862 articles published between 1991 and 2014, the majority of published after 2008. The main countries of research were Iran, the United States of America, England, and Sweden and represented the main network collaboration. The main Web of Sciences categories was public, occupational and environmental health, medicine general internal and parasitology. We accessed 25462 publications on PubMed database from 1950 to 2014. The majority of published after 2004. The main area studies were prognosis, wounds and injuries, soil solutions and biological markers. Conclusion: Public health research in Iran has been developed since 2004. The chief field was emerging cardiovascular diseases and communicable diseases. Other biotechnological fields were emerging such as biological markers research. Iran provides structures to face up with its new challenges using networks of countries such as the USA, England, and Sweden. End of embargoes could provide new perspectives for public health research and more largely scientific research in Iran.     https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/9378 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/9378/5638

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 46 3 2017 03 14 414 416 Xianglong XU School of Public Health and Management, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China Lingli LIU Research Center for Medicine and Social Development, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China Yunshuang RAO The Innovation Center for Social Risk Governance in Health, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China Lu GUO School of Nursing, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China Yong ZHAO Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China 2017 03 14 2017 03 14 Malnutrition in Early Life, Socio-demographic and Self-reported Appetite in Adulthood in Chongqing, China https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/9396 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/9396/5654

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 46 3 2017 03 14 301 307 Fathieh ABU MOGHLI Dept. of Community Health Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan Suhair AL HABEESH Dept. of Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Al-Zaytoonah University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan Lubna ABU SHIKHA Dept. of Maternal and Child Health, Faculty of Nursing, University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan 2017 03 14 2017 03 14   Background: The control of spread of HIV takes concerted efforts at both national and international levels. Education is an important component of preventing the spread of HIV. This study aimed to assess the attitudes of parents, teachers and students towards informing children about HIV/AIDS, attitudes concerning 'proper' age to learn about HIV/AIDS, possible differences in attitudes relating to gender of child and what they should learn and ideas about the most 'adequate' person/institution to be responsible for provision of HIV/AIDS education. Methods: This study was conducted in Amman, Jordan in April 2015. Descriptive correlational design was used; a sample of school students, university students, school teachers and parents, a stratified random sample was used. Data was collected by using a questionnaire. Results: All groups asserted the importance of HIV/AIDS education and awareness rising for all. 62.0% of respondents thought that school was the main source of information. About 82% of respondents believed that HIV/AIDS education should be integrated into different disciplines of school curricula, 84% of respondents believed that HIV/AIDS education should be part of university curricula. Nobody believed that HIV/AIDS education should be restricted to boys only. Conclusion: As HIV/AIDS is a scary matter to all, stigmatization and shame may be behind potentially bigger numbers of infected or ill people who do not come forward for treatment or care. Attitudes of their kin care providers need to be addressed as well as those of the official health care providers.     https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/9381 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/9381/5640

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 46 3 2017 03 14 286 292 Yong Jin HONG Institute for Human Urbanities, University of Seoul, Seoul, Korea Sam Hun PARK Asia Contents Institute, Konkuk University, Seoul, Korea 2017 03 14 2017 03 14 Background: This paper examined the political and social implications of the Compendium de epidemia prescription written by the Masters of the Faculty of Medicine of the University of Paris in the mid-14th century during the Black Death. This study aimed to examine how the effects of power as a discourse owned by medical knowledge are revealed. Methods: This paper outlines the composition of the contents based on the 1888 edition edited and translated by Émile H. Rébouis and notes the features of the prescription examined by the existing study of medical history rather than the causes of diseases. Results: Compendium de epidemia seems to have been written primarily for the royal family and nobles who ordered them when looking at prescription-related technologies. At the same time, under the influence of Islamic-Arabic academia, it clearly distinguishes the world of faith and the world of academia (intelligence), explaining the pathogenesis and infection pathways based on causality. The onset substrate is due to heat and humidity, and the prescription is to prevent the two from overdoing in the body. In particular, issues related to heat are criticized in connection with the value of life of knight-noblesse. This is in response to political criticism of the ineffectual French royal family and nobility at the beginning of the Hundred Years' War and shows why this tract sets the utilitas publica at the forefront as an important purpose. Conclusion: The conclusion has shown how medical knowledge produced on the Black Death pandemic how they function as discourses that have a sort of power effect on the value of life of knight-noblesse. It is necessary to conduct if these phenomena can be found in other contemporary medical writings.     https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/9379 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/9379/5145

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 46 3 2017 03 14 417 419 Jeong Won HAN College of Nursing, Kosin University, Amnam-Dong, Seo-Gu, Busan, Korea 2017 03 14 2017 03 14 No Abstract### https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/9397 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/9397/5655

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 46 3 2017 03 14 308 317 Serpil YÜKSEL Dept. of Surgical Nursing, Division of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Necmettin Erbakan University, Konya, Turkey Gülay ALTUN UĞRAŞ Dept. of Surgical Nursing, Division of Nursing, School of Health, Mersin University, Mersin, Turkey İkbal ÇAVDAR Dept. of Surgical Nursing, Florence Nightingale Faculty of Nursing, İstanbul University, İstanbul, Turkey Atilla BOZDOĞAN Dept. of General Surgery, İstanbul Faculty of Medicine, İstanbul University, İstanbul, Turkey Sibel ÖZKAN GÜRDAL Dept. of General Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Namık Kemal University, Tekirdağ, Turkey Neriman AKYOLCU Dept. of Surgical Nursing, Florence Nightingale Faculty of Nursing, İstanbul University, İstanbul, Turkey Ecem ESENCAN School of Medicine, Koç University, İstanbul, Turkey Gamze VAROL SARAÇOĞLU Dept. of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Namık Kemal University, Tekirdağ, Turkey Vahit ÖZMEN Dept. of General Surgery, İstanbul Faculty of Medicine, İstanbul University, İstanbul, Turkey 2017 03 14 2017 03 14 Background: The increase in breast cancer incidence has enhanced attention towards breast cancer risk. The aim of this study was to determine the risk of breast cancer and risk perception of women, factors that affect risk perception, and to determine differences between absolute risk and the perception of risk. Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out among 346 women whose score in the Gail Risk Model (GRM) was > 1.67% and/or had a 1st degree relative with breast cancer in Bahçeşehir town in Istanbul, Turkey between Jul 2012 and Dec 2012. Data were collected through face-to-face interviews. The level of risk for breast cancer has been calculated using GRM and the Breast Cancer Risk Assessment Form (BCRAF). Breast cancer risk perception (BCRP), has been evaluated by visual analogue 100-cm-long scale. Results: Even though 39.6% of the women considered themselves as high-risk carriers, according to the GRM and the BCRAF, only 11.6% and 9.8% of women were in the “high risk” category, respectively. There was a positive significant correlation between the GRM and the BCRAF scores (P<0.001), and the BCRAF and BCRP scores (P<0.001). Factors related to high-risk perception were age (40-59 yr), post-menopausal phase, high-very high economic income level, existence of breast cancer in the family, having regular breast self-examination and clinical breast examination (P<0.05). Conclusion: In women with high risk of breast, cancer there is a significant difference between the women’s risk perception and their absolute risk level.         https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/9383 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/9383/5641

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 46 3 2017 03 14 420 421 Jinkui LU Key Laboratory of Adolescent Health Assessment and Exercise Intervention of Ministry of Education, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, PR China AND School of Physical Education & Health Care, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, PR China Xiaojian YIN Key Laboratory of Adolescent Health Assessment and Exercise Intervention of Ministry of Education, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, PR China AND School of Physical Education & Health Care, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, PR China Yuqiang DENG School of Sports Science, Nantong University, Nantong, 226019, PR China Liu JI Key Laboratory of Adolescent Health Assessment and Exercise Intervention of Ministry of Education, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, PR China AND School of Physical Education & Health Care, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, PR China 2017 03 14 2017 03 14 High Socioeconomic Status and Key Risk Factors of Overweight and Obesity among Rural-to-Urban Migrant 7-10y-old Children in Shanghai, China https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/9398 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/9398/5656

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 46 3 2017 03 14 318 325 Mojgan ARYAEIPOUR Dept. of Medical Parasitology and Mycology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran AND Dept. of Medical Parasitology and Mycology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Mojgan ARYAEIPOUR Dept. of Medical Parasitology and Mycology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Arezoo BOZORGOMID Dept. of Biotechnology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Bahram KAZEMI Dept. of Biotechnology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Massoud BEHNIA Dept. of Medical Parasitology and Mycology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Hakim AZIZI Dept. of Medical Parasitology and Mycology, School of Medicine, Zabol University of Medical Sciences, Zabol, Iran Mohammad Bagher ROKNI Dept. of Medical Parasitology and Mycology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran 2017 03 14 2017 03 14 Background: We aimed to describe morphological and morphometrical characteristics of Fasciola spp. in livestock from Ardabil Province, Northwest Iran. Methods: Forty adult flukes were collected from different definitive hosts (cattle and sheep). Previously specimens were identified as F. hepatica or F. gigantica based on PCR-RFLP of the ITS-1 region with RsaI enzyme.  We identified Fasciola spp. based on morphological and metric assessment of external features of fresh adults, morphological and metric assessment of internal anatomy of stained mounted worms. Statistical analysis was conducted using the Student’s t-test implemented in SPSS 15.0 (SPSS, Chicago, Illinois). Then the morphometric criteria of Fasciola samples were compared with PCR-RFLP data. The results of PCR-RFLP were confirmed by COI gene sequence. Results: The differences between the body length, area of the body, peripheral of the body, succer area, cone length, cone width, in two species were significant ( https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/9385 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/9385/5642

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 46 3 2017 03 14 422 424 Youngran YANG School of Nursing, Research Institute of Nursing Sciences, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju-si, Jeollabuk-do, Republic of Korea Betty BEKEMEIER School of Nursing, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA Jongsan CHOI College of Agricultural Life Sciences, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju-si, Jeollabuk-do, Republic of Korea 2017 03 14 2017 03 14 Health-related Quality of Life and Related Factors among Rural Residents in Cambodia https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/9399 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/9399/5657

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 46 3 2017 03 14 326 332 Maryam MALMIR Research Center of Life Style, Medical Sciences Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran Mohammad KHANAHMADI Aging Research Center, Scientific Cultural Foundation of Farhud, Tehran, Iran Dariush FARHUD School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran AND Dept. of Basic Sciences, Iranian Academy of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran 2017 03 14 2017 03 14 Background: Happiness is a drive and constructive force of life. A person feels wellbeing under different effective factors. Religious dogmatism that has an influence on the entire world is one of the depreciatory factors of happiness or wellbeing. The current study decided to analyze the relation between dogmatism and wellbeing, and according to a model, answer the following question: how does religious dogmatism decrease wellbeing? Methods: This study is a correlation research. Population of study includes all people with 30-50 yr old who live in Tehran, Iran, in 2015. Among all, 180 subjects were selected as in access sample. The Oxford happiness questionnaire and Rokeach dogmatism scale were used. Data were analyzed by Pearson correlation test. Results: There is a significant negative correlation between dogmatism and happiness (α=0.05). Conclusion: Dogmatism is one of the factors that have a negative effect on wellbeing. Religious dogmatism is the most dangerous factor against wellbeing. Dogmatic individuals have an inflexible cognitive system that emerges as a stable personality trait and decreases their adjustment with environment. Affective well-being and cognitive wellbeing are affected by individual adjustment. Therefore, in dogmatic individuals with low adjustment, the decrease of affective well-being and cognitive wellbeing is inevitable. This process will result in decrease of happiness and increase of aggression.     https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/9386 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/9386/5643

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 46 3 2017 03 14 425 427 Farooq NISMA Dept. of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan Raheem ASIF Dept. of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan Ali BASHARAT Dept. of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan 2017 03 14 2017 03 14 Microbiological Biosafety, Multiple Drug Resistance and  Functional Diversity of Bacteria Associated with the Surfaces of Raw Vegetables https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/9400 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/9400/5658

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 46 3 2017 03 14 333 341 Mansoureh KARIMZADEH Pediatric Neurorehabilitation Research Center, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran Nasser SALSABILI Dept. of IVF, Mirza Koochak Khan Hospital, School of Rehabilitation, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Firouzeh AKBARI ASBAGH Dept. of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Robab TEYMOURI Pediatric Neurorehabilitation Research Center, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran Golamreza POURMAND Urology Research Center, Sina Hospital, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Tahereh SOLEIMANIEH NAEINI Pediatric Neurorehabilitation Research Center, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran 2017 03 14 2017 03 14 Background: Worldwide, infertility affects 10%-15% of couples and most of them seek medical help including Assisted Reproductive Technology (ART) treatments. Undergoing ART treatments create many physical and emotional burdens. This study examined the psychological consequences of infertility in Iranian infertile males and females as well as their spouses, unlike previous studies that examined mainly females with infertility. Methods: Subjects in this descriptive analytical design were recruited from the IVF Department of Mirza Koochak Khan Hospital and the Rouyesh Infertility Treatment Center of Tehran, Iran between Aug 2014 and Sep 2015. Overall, 256 couples (64% response rate), consisting of 78 infertile male and their spouses and 50 infertile female and their spouses, were included in this research. The psychological disorders were measured by the Persian version of Symptoms Checklist-90-Revised and Cattle Inventory. Results: Psychological disorders of infertile couples are significantly associated with increasing age, higher education, longer duration of infertility and unemployment (P<0.05). Prevalence of anxiety, depression, hypochondriasis and paranoia in infertile females and spouses of infertile males were significantly higher than husbands of infertile females (P<0.05). Obsession was more sever in infertile females was significantly greater than infertile males (P=0.01). Depression was significantly lower in infertile males than their spouses (P=0.016). Conclusion: Iranian infertile females and spouses of infertile males experienced more psychological disorders than infertile males and spouses of infertile females. These results may be due to the impact of cultural beliefs and gender roles in Iranian society. Anxiety, depression, obsession, paranoia and hypochondriasis should be addressed before any ART treatments.     https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/9387 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/9387/5644

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 46 3 2017 03 14 428 430 Jakub MORZE Dept. of Human Nutrition, Faculty of Food Sciences, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Olsztyn, Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship, Poland Katarzyna Eufemia PRZYBYLOWICZ Dept. of Human Nutrition, Faculty of Food Sciences, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Olsztyn, Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship, Poland Anna DANIELEWICZ Dept. of Human Nutrition, Faculty of Food Sciences, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Olsztyn, Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship, Poland Małgorzata OBARA-GOLEBIOWSKA Dept. of Psychology of Development and Education, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Olsztyn, Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship, Poland 2017 03 14 2017 03 14 Diet in Acne Vulgaris: Open or Solved Problem? https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/9401 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/9401/5659

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 46 3 2017 03 14 342 350 Kheirollah GHOLAMI Dept. of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran AND Research Center for Rational Use of Drugs, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Elaheh LAALI Dept. of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Hassan ABOLHASSANI Research Center for Immunodeficiencies, Children's Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran AND Primary Immunodeficiency Diseases Network (PIDNet), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Stock-holm, Sweden Alireza AHMADVAND School of Clinical Sciences, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia Niayesh MOHEBBI Dept. of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Mohammad Reza JAVADI Dept. of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran AND Research Center for Rational Use of Drugs, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Asghar AGHAMOHAMMADI Research Center for Immunodeficiencies, Children's Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran AND Primary Immunodeficiency Diseases Network (PIDNet), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran Nima REZAEI Research Center for Immunodeficiencies, Children's Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran AND Dept. of Immunology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran AND Network of Immunity in Infection, Malignancy and Autoimmunity (NIIMA), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran 2017 03 14 2017 03 14 Background: Primary immunodeficiency diseases (PID) are heterogeneous group of inherited disorders mainly characterized by recurrent infections leading to several times hospital admissions. The economic impact of PID is a challenging issue; therefore, this study was designed to determine the medical costs of hospitalizations in this group of patients as an indicator of the direct cost of these diseases. Methods: One hundred and ten children with PID hospitalized in the Children’s Medical Center Hospital, Tehran, Iran were included in this study during Jan 2011 and Jan 2012. All direct costs during the admission period were calculated, using the hospital information system. Results: Medical cost was 7.090$ per patient per admission. Among them, about 1.580$ belong to drug consuming during hospitalization. Anti-infective drugs for systemic use were the most cost-consuming group of drugs, followed by alimentary tract and metabolism and blood and blood forming organs agents. Investigation of anti-infective group internally showed that immune sera and immunoglobulin and antiviral agents for systemic use consisting the most important medication for PID patients during hospital admission. Conclusion: Although the results of economic evaluations in a region cannot necessarily be applied to other regions, having an overall estimation of hospital admission costs and types of drugs used during admission could be helpful in health policy system.     https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/9388 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/9388/5645

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 46 3 2024 05 24 Background: This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the prevalence and clinical implications of metabolic syndrome in individuals with diabetes mellitus.  Methods: A comprehensive search was conducted across multiple databases using key terms related to metabolic syndrome and diabetes. Access to subscription-based journals was facilitated through the HINARI program. Study quality was assessed using the adapted Newcastle–Ottawa scale, with a minimum inclusion score of ≥5/10. Statistical analysis included a meta-analysis using the DerSimonian and Laird random-effects model to determine the pooled prevalence, with heterogeneity assessed using Cochran’s Q and I² statistics. Publication bias was evaluated via funnel plot symmetry. Analyses were conducted using Stata/MP 17.0. Results: The meta-analysis revealed a pooled effect size of 1.98 (95% CI: 1.85, 2.10), with significant heterogeneity (I² = 92.35%). Prevalence ranged from 19.88% to 88.13%, underscoring a substantial burden. Variations in HbA1c, HDL cholesterol, blood pressure, and BMI highlighted the heterogeneity in metabolic syndrome characteristics. Advanced statistical approaches enriched the understanding of metabolic profiles and their interplay with glycemic control and lipid metabolism. Conclusion: This study underscores the critical interplay between glycemic control and lipid profiles in metabolic syndrome. The findings emphasize the need for tailored, region-specific interventions to address its substantial burden and implications for clinical practice and policy. https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/34042 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/34042/8437

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 54 1 2025 01 05 234 235 Zahra Saboohi Department of Health Services, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Mahnaz Solhi Health Promotion Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran 2024 08 04 2024 09 30 No Abstract No Abstract No Abstract https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/36264 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/36264/8458

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 54 1 2025 01 05 175 185 Sungeun Park Department of Sport Science, University of Seoul, Seoul, Republic of Korea Su-Yeon Roh Department of Exercise Rehabilitation, Gachon University, Incheon, Republic of Korea Seung-Yong Kim Department of Leisure Sports, Dong Seoul University, Seongnam-si, Republic of Korea 2024 11 19 2025 01 05 Background: We examined the association of breakfast habits with hypertension and obesity risk among Korean adults and older adults, focusing on sex-based and age-based differences. Methods: We collected data from 2,779 adults (1,380 men and 1,399 women, aged 19–64 years) and 623 older adults (289 men and 334 women, aged ≥65 years) from the 2015 Korea National Physical Fitness Project, an extensive survey organized biennially by the Korea Ministry of Culture, Sports and Tourism and the Korea Institute of Sport Science. Results: For women aged 19 to 64 yr, skipping breakfast was linked to an increased likelihood of developing both high blood pressure and obesity. For men aged 19–64 years, having breakfast irregularly or replacing it with snacks were linked to a reduced likelihood of hypertension, whereas skipping breakfast slightly elevated the risk. For older women aged above 65 years, irregular breakfast consumption or replacing it with snacks was linked to a heightened likelihood of developing hypertension. Nonetheless, there was no notable correlation identified between breakfast habits and obesity in men and older adults. In older men and women, consistent physical exercise proved to be an essential factor in mitigating the chance of hypertension. Conclusion: These findings emphasize the importance of sex- and age-specific public health strategies, with implications for public health interventions and guidelines that promote regular breakfast consumption and physical activity. https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/37239 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/37239/8448

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 54 1 2025 01 05 62 73 Faniea Maawati Department Unit of Research & Community Services, AKPER Bethesda Serukam, Bengkayang, West Kalimantan, Indonesia Dwi Indah Iswanti Department of Nursing, Faculty of Nursing and Health Science, Universitas Karya Husada Semarang, Semarang, Indonesia I Made Moh. Yanuar Saifudin Department of Mental Health and Community Nursing, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Tanjungpura, Pontianak, Indonesia Blacius Dedi Department of Nursing, Faculty of Nursing and Health Science, Universitas Karya Husada Semarang, Semarang, Indonesia 2024 04 26 2025 01 05 Background: Electronic medical records (EMRs) can minimize mistakes, enhance the comprehensiveness, legibility, and overall comprehension of medical records. However, nurses' limited familiarity with advanced technology lowers their confidence in utilizing EMRs. We aimed to collect and synthesize the most credible evidence on nurses' perception of EMRs, along with the barriers and facilitators that influence their acceptance. Methods: Searching for relevant studies was carried out across three electronic databases, namely PubMed, Scopus and ProQuest in Dec 2023. Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) was followed in this study report. The selected studies were then analyzed narratively and organized thematically for presentation. Results: Out of the 4,382 articles identified through comprehensive database searches, only 19 met the criteria for inclusion and reviewed. Through the synthesis of findings, two primary themes emerged, including nurses' perceptions and experiences with EMRs and facilitators & barriers for nurses’ in utilizing EMRs. Conclusion: Nurses' perspectives are shaped by their computer skills, confidence in their abilities, and training. Despite obstacles such as nurse stress, EMRs present advantages such as enhanced patient care and decreased errors. Augmenting computer competency, delivering training, and guaranteeing support are essential for effective EMRs integration, leading to enhanced healthcare provision and better patient results. https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/35354 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/35354/8438

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 54 1 2025 01 05 186 194 Asim Anwar Department of Management Sciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Attock Campus, Pakistan Shabir Hyder Department of Management Sciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Attock Campus, Pakistan Noman Khan Department of Management Sciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Attock Campus, Pakistan Muhammad Ayub Department of Management Sciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Attock Campus, Pakistan Recep Yucel Department of Business Administration, Kirikkale University, Kirikkale, Turkey Mustafa Younis Department of Health Policy and Management, School of Health Sciences, Jackson State University, Jackson, MS, United States 2024 03 26 2024 07 04 Background: Air pollution has become a serious threat to public health. Epidemiological and clinical evidence in recent years has shown air pollutants are associated with respiratory diseases. We aimed to analyze the impact of environmental factors on influenza incidence by examining the most polluted countries in the world. Methods: To analyze the relationship between environmental factors and influenza incidence in eighteen countries, we used a system generalized method of moments (GMM) using data from 2010 to 2020. Results: The results suggest a positive effect of air pollution (PM2.5 and NO2) and population density on the incidence of influenza. While government health expenditures and education have a negative effect on influenza in the studied countries. Conclusion: Our results confirmed the importance of environmental and social factors in the incidence of influenza. Furthermore, our results are interesting and informative for policymakers to design public health policies synchronized with other policies such as education, industrial, and environmental policies, for better management of influenza. https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/34990 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/34990/8449

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 54 1 2025 01 05 74 87 Mojtaba Norouzi Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Faculty of Public Health, Kerman University of Medical Science, Kerman, Iran Ali Akbar Haghdoost HIV/STI Surveillance Research Center, and WHO Collaborating Center for HIV Surveillance, Institute for Futures Studies in Health, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran 2024 05 19 2024 07 04 Background: We aimed to investigate the subject matters and the quality of publications detailing the findings of cohort studies within the realm of complementary and alternative medicine (CAM). Methods: A scoping review was conducted on cohort studies in the CAM field up to the conclusion of 2023. The evaluation of their quality was carried out utilizing the 'Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology' (STROBE) checklist. Moreover, an analysis of their research settings and associated variables, including publication year, type of disease, intervention method, and study field, was conducted. Results: Overall, 215 articles were identified. The majority of these cohorts, approximately 42.3%, originated from Taiwan, with stroke and cardiovascular diseases emerging as the most prevalent outcomes of interest. The mean STROBE score was 1.38 (SD=0.57) out of 2. The lowest scores were associated with the methods and funding sections. Methodologically, the principal weaknesses were linked to sample size, loss to follow-up, and bias control. Conclusion: The frequency of cohort studies in CAM was limited, predominantly concentrated in a few countries. Chinese medicine and acupuncture were the main intervention methods, while other CAM interventions received less focus. Furthermore, the quality of these studies was deemed unsatisfactory in most cases. https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/35568 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/35568/8439

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 54 1 2025 01 05 195 204 EN Shiva Pouradeli 1. Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Institute for Futures Studies in Health, Kerman University of Medical Scienc-es, Kerman, Iran 2. Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Occupational Environment Research Center, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran Hasan Ahmadinia Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Occupational Environment Research Center, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran Ali Bahramnejad Neuroscience Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran Mohsen Rezaeian National Agency for Strategic Research in Medical Sciences Education, Tehran, Iran 2023 12 31 2024 05 10 Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has had a significant impact on global suicide attempt rates. This study evaluated the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on suicide attempts in the Kerman Province, eastern Iran. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study. Data on suicide attempt cases in Kerman Province was obtained from the database of Mental, Social, and Addiction Health Office of the Deputy for Health of Medical Sciences Universities from 2018 to 2021. An interrupted time-series model was used to assess the changes in suicide attempts before and after the pandemic. Results: Suicide attempts exhibited a decreasing trend before the pandemic, with a monthly decrease of 0.9% (P<0.001). The immediate effect of the pandemic indicated that, at the beginning of the pandemic, there was a 4.5% increase in suicide attempts (P=0.134). The sustained effect of the pandemic showed that in the months following the onset of the pandemic, the rate of suicide attempts increased by 1.8% compared to before the pandemic (P<0.001). By the end of 2021, the number of suicide attempts per month exceeded the predicted amount based on pre-pandemic data. Factors such as marital status, education, occupation, place of residence, and previous suicide attempts were found to influence suicide attempts during the pandemic. Conclusion: Given the significant increase in suicide attempts following the onset of the pandemic, it is crucial to prioritize the implementation of prevention and intervention programs during this crisis. https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/30801 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/30801/8450

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 54 1 2025 01 05 88 100 Pouran Raeissi Dehkordi Department of Healthcare Services Management, School of Health Management and Information Sciences, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Zeinab Dolatshahi Department of Healthcare Services Management, School of Health Management and Information Sciences, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Hassan Abolghasem Gorji Department of Healthcare Services Management, School of Health Management and Information Sciences, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Seyed Massoud Hashemi Department of Anesthesiology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Nahid Reisi Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Child Growth and Development Research Centre, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran Toraj Harati Khalilabad Department of Healthcare Services Management, School of Health Management and Information Sciences, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran 2024 02 06 2024 07 11 Background: Breast cancer (BC) is the leading cancer among women globally. Early detection through screening is vital for reducing mortality, complementing advancements in treatment. Methods: We aimed to overview BC screening practices in Iran over two-decades to inform policymakers for future research directions and prompt timely diagnoses. A scoping review was conducted on BC studies in Iran from 2000 to 2023, following PRISMA guidelines. Results: We analyzed 129 articles on BC in Iranian women, and finding six main areas. Conclusion: Iran's health system lacks an organized BC screening initiative, facing challenges like inadequate infrastructure, sociocultural barriers, unintegrated health insurance packages, and limited research on key indicators. https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/34561 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/34561/8440

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 54 1 2025 01 05 205 213 Mostafa Eghbalian Student Research Committee, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Hesam Akbari Health Research Center, Life Style Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Mojtaba Norozi Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran Habibeh Nasab Environmental Science and Technology Research Center, Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran Mazyar Karamali Health Management Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Mousa Imani Health Research Center, Life Style Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Hossein Zahiri Student Research Committee, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Mehdi Raei 1. Health Research Center, Life Style Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran 2. Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Faculty of Health, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran 2024 01 05 2024 05 10 Background: It is critical to precisely assess the presence of cardiovascular (CV) risk in military personnel, in order to avoid potentially CV-events. In Iran limited number of studies have been performed on military personnel and their CV-risk. We aimed to investigate correlation between obesity and cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors in military personnel. Methods: The present cross-sectional analytical study, analyzed the data of 559 military personnel in Tehran, Iran in 2023. The dataset sourced from the registry system. The biochemical analysis of blood samples was performed by a biomedical analysis company. The univariate regression analyses were conducted through separate univariate linear regression within the obesity group. Results: The mean age of personnel was 36.58 years. Among obese personel, there was an inverse relationship between age and cholesterol β=-0.11. Moreover, hemoglobin β=-0.68 and MCH β=-0.33 were significantly related to high cholesterol, MCH is associated with risk of metabolic syndrome (β=-0.57). Moreover among obese personnel, lower uric acid levels and higher ALT levels are correlated with an increased risk of Diabetes. Conclusion: The prevalence of obesity in military personnel was the same as in the general population. Diabetes, hyperlipidemia, high blood pressure, obesity, and metabolic syndrome were all linked to CVD risk factors among military personnel. Although the prevalence of metabolic syndrome in military personnel was lower than their peers in other countries, other risk factors of CVD were prevalent among military personnel. https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/34198 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/34198/8451

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 54 1 2025 01 05 101 111 Aliasghar Fakhri-Demeshghieh Department of Food Hygiene and Quality Control, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran Hamideh Hasannejad Department of Food Hygiene and Quality Control, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran Parniyan Khoramian Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Lorestan, Khorramabad, Iran Vahid Rahmanian Department of Public Health, Torbat Jam Faculty of Medical Sciences, Torbat Jam, Iran Alireza Bahonar Department of Food Hygiene and Quality Control, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran 2024 01 02 2024 09 03 Background: Avian colibacillosis are infections caused by Avian Pathogenic Escherichia coli which causes high morbidity, high mortality, and significant economic losses. Antibiotics such as tetracycline are an important treatment choice for colibacillosis in Iran. However, the irrational use of antibiotics has caused high antibiotic resistance. The aim of this study was to estimate the tetracycline resistance rate among E. coli isolates from broilers in Iran. Methods: PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Google Scholar, Islamic World Science Citation, Scientific Information Database, and MagIran databases were searched from 2013 and 2023. Risk of bias assessment was assessed with Appraisal tool for Cross-Sectional Studies. For meta-analysis, a random effects model with Freeman-Tukey double arcsine transformation was used. Subgroup analysis for the year of publication and sensitivity analysis to assess the influence of individual studies were conducted and a province-level map of point estimates was drawn. Results: Among 13 included studies, the pooled tetracycline resistance was 85% (95% CI: 76-92%) and I-squared was 94.29%. In subgroup analysis, resistance rate was higher for articles published in 2018-2023 (91%) compared to articles published in 2013-2017 (76%), but heterogeneity between groups was not statistically-significant (P=0.12). sensitivity analysis showed that the omission of individual studies caused no apparent change. The province-level map showed that most of the studies belonged to northern parts of Iran with Ardabil (99.65%) having the highest value. Conclusion: Resistance against tetracycline in E. coli isolates from broilers in Iran is alarming. The sensible use of tetracycline is advised.