Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 46 Supple 1 2017 03 13 1 2 Fatemeh BANDARIAN Diabetes Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Bagher LARIJANI Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran 2017 03 13 2017 03 13 No Abstract https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/9353 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/9353/5110

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 46 Supple 1 2017 03 13 3 9 Gita SHAFIEE Chronic Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Fatemeh BANDARIAN Elderly Health Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Maryam GHODSI Metabolic Disorders Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Molecular -Cellular Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Ensieh NASLI-ESFAHANI Diabetes Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Bagher LARIJANI Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran 2017 03 13 2017 03 13 Background: This study conducted to assess publications of diabetes treatments to understand research gaps and priorities to guide a management map for future strategy of diabetes research in Iran. Methods: All studies published from the beginning until 2015 in national and international journals by Iranian authors conducted in the field of diabetes. This comprehensive search strategy without any limitation obtained 8668 publications in international journals and 16921 documents in national journals (25589 documents). Finally, 1019 diabetes management articles were included in this study. Each article categorized based on the study design, subject area, the World Health Organization (WHO) classification and Australian Standard Research Classifications. Results: There was an increasing trend in a number of publications. Top subject areas were “traditional treatment” with global publication share of 25.8% and “Control of diabetes” ranked the second (24.9%). According to WHO classification, the highest number of productions was in “Basic Research” area (39%) and Australian Standard Research Classification showed 59% of the articles were in “Clinical Medicine and Science” area. Study design of 39.9% articles was basic studies, 23.1% were randomized clinical trial and 21.9% were cross-sectional. Conclusion: This study showed a relatively ascending trend of scientific publications in the field of diabetes managements in Iran. We can identify the research gaps and research priorities for diabetes management research for future studies. In Future, management map with other diabetes area research maps will be compiled into a single “Roadmap for Diabetes Research in Iran”.   https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/9354 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/9354/5111

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 46 Supple 1 2017 03 13 10 16 Maryam PEIMANI Diabetes Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran AND Dept. of Health Education & Promotion, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Fatemeh BANDARIAN Obesity and Eating Habits Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Molecular -Cellular Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Maryam AALAA Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Marjan KOUHNAVARD Metabolic Disorders Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Molecular-Cellular Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Ensieh NASLI-ESFAHANI Elderly Health Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Bagher LARIJANI Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran 2017 03 13 2017 03 13 Background: Despite the benefits of diabetes patient education, it is imperative to analyze the status of researches in this field and identify research gaps and priorities if our limited health resources are to be used wisely and effectively. This study is a part of Iran Diabetes Research Roadmap study to find the knowledge gap in the field of diabetes patient education in Iran. Methods: All publications of Iranian authors about diabetes patient education in national (SID, IranMedex, and Magiran) and international journals (PubMed, Web of Science and Scopus) up to 2015 were reviewed. Overall, 306 studies were categorized by subject category, methodology, WHO classification and NHMRC criteria. Results: Most numbers of samples in the subject category were about the effect of self-care training (28%) and then model-based educational interventions (13%). Moreover, trend in publication rate of papers related to the patient education topic is relatively increasing with time, despite some difficulties points. Half of the papers were cross-sectional and 46% of them were interventional studies. Conclusion: Although trend of papers subjects was relatively scattered, most of patient education studies in Iran were about assessing the positive effects of self-care education similar to other countries. However, quality assessment for all studies should be carried out in future research.   https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/9356 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/9356/5112

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 46 Supple 1 2017 03 13 17 25 Zarin Sadat EBRAHIMI Diabetes Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Maryam PEIMANI Elderly Health Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran AND Dept. of Health Education & Promotion, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Leila AZADBAKHT Obesity and Eating Habits Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Molecular -Cellular Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Ensieh NASLI-ESFAHANI Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Farideh RAZI Metabolic Disorders Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Molecular Cellular Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Bagher LARIJANI Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran 2017 03 13 2017 03 13 Background: The study aim was to reports detailed characteristics of nutrition research in field of diabetes, and recognize knowledge gap in nutrition science in diabetes in Iran. Methods: Online databases of PubMed, Web of Science and Scopus as well as national databases including SID, IranMedex, and Magiran were searched up to 2015 to identify eligible articles. Finally, 378 articles were included. Results: Final articles were categorized based on WHO and Australian classifications, study design and subject area. The most number of studies (80%) was related in strategies and interventions of health-related outcome group the WHO classification. The most percentage of publications in Australian classification system was allocated to clinical researches (78%) and the least studies were health service studies (0.08%). The most common designs used in the obtained documents (41%) were Randomized Clinical Trials (RCT) and about 17% of publications were animal studies. Cohort studies were the least studies among the obtained documents. The most common subject was type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and its complications followed by DM management (64%, n=241). The least numbers of publications were dedicated to GDM (Gestational Diabetes Mellitus). There was a large ascent in studies during 2010-2011 and 2012-2013. Conclusion: Available evidence provides very good support for the role of nutrition diets in the prevention and management of all types of diabetes. This systematic review indicates trend of nutrition researches in diabetes was noticeable flourished, while the important subjects in diabetes studies are forgotten or unimportance.     https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/9358 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/9358/5113

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 46 Supple 1 2017 03 13 26 31 Fatemeh KHAKSAR HAGHANI Elderly Health Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Somayeh NAEIMI Obesity and Eating Habits Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Molecular-Cellular Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Farideh RAZI Metabolic Disorders Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Molecular -Cellular Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Camelia RAMBOD Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Maryam PEIMANI Diabetes Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran AND Dept. of Health Education & Promotion, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Bagher LARIJANI Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran 2017 03 13 2017 03 13 Background: This study aimed to provide comprehensive analysis of research output in the field of diabetes and exercise in Iran. Method: Search process of the present study was a part of search strategy of Iran Diabetes Research Roadmap (IDRR) study. All publications of Iranian authors about diabetes and exercise in national (SID, IranMedex, and Magiran) and international journals (PubMed, Web of Science and Scopus) up to 2015 were reviewed. After screening and adjusting for duplicates, 180 studies were remained and categorized by subject category, methodology, WHO classification and NHMRC criteria. Results: Among 180obtained articles, in term of subject area mostnumber of documents was about the type of sports (55%) followed by social aspect of exercise and physiologic effects. Aerobic exercise (52.5%) was the most common exercises studied. Moreover, overall trend of publications was relatively increasing during the study period. More than half of the papers were randomized clinical trial (RCT) (51.11%). Conclusion: Although trend of papers subjects was relatively scattered, most of exercise studies in Iran were about the type of sports with more focus on aerobic exercises in patients with type 2 diabetes. Future research in this field should be directed more toward cohorts and systematic reviews that provide high level of evidence. However, quality assessment for all studies should be carried out in future research.   https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/9359 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/9359/5114

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 46 Supple 1 2017 03 13 32 38 Zahra ABRISHAMI Metabolic Disorders Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Molecular -Cellular Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Ensieh NASLI-ESFAHANI Obesity and Eating Habits Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Molecular -Cellular Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Rezvan RAZMANDEH Elderly Health Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Baghe LARIJANI Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Fatemeh BANDARIAN Diabetes Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran 2017 03 13 2017 03 13 Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a common non-communicable diseases associated with different complications. The study aim was to analyze and report characteristics of research output in the field of diabetes complication in Iran in details and identify research gap in this field. Methods: All scientific diabetes output published by Iranian authors in national and international journals until 2015 was included and analyzed. National and international databases including PubMed, Web of Science, SCOPUS, SID, IranMedex, and Magiran were searched. The obtained results were categorized into eleven subgroups. of complications, comorbidities, management, psychiatry, nutrition, prevention, physical activity, genetics, basic sciences, education and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). In each category, documents were classified based on the study design and topic as well as WHO and Australian National Health and Medical Research Council (NHMRC) classification. Results: After screening, 1262 documents remained. Trend of publication was growing during the study period. However, small temporary drop was seen in 2012 and 2014. The most common type of studies in WHO and NHMRC classification belonged to distribution and causes and clinical research, respectively. Cross-sectional and animal designs were the most common methodologies used and vascular complications were the most common subject area in the obtained documents. Conclusion: Subject trend of Iranian studies in the field of diabetes complications is compatible with the prevalence of such complications. However, results show lack of studies with high level of evidence including cohorts and systematic reviews in Iran. Although the trend of publications is growing but considering the importance of this issue, it is not enough and more funds should be allocated in this field. Considering the increasing frequency of basic research close collaboration between basic and clinical research is requa Lumpur, Malaysia. Kok-Peng Ng 3. Dept. of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. Soo-Kun Lim 3. Dept. of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. Chin-Sieng Chong 3. Dept. of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. 2015 10 15 Solving the dilemma of the organ shortage in Malaysia requires educating Malaysians about organ donation and transplantation. This paper aims at exploring the average Malaysian households ' preferred channels of campaigns and the preferred campaigners in a family setting, targeting at the dialysis family members.We analyzed the responses of 350 respondents regarding organ donation campaigns. The respondents are 2 family members of 175 dialysis patients from 3 different institutions. The information on respondents' willingness to donate and preferred method and channel of organ donation campaign were collected through questionnaire.Malaysian families have a good tendency to welcome campaigns in both the public and private (their homes) spheres. We also found that campaigns facilitated by the electronic media (Television and Radio) and executed by experienced doctors are expected to optimize the outcomes of organ donation, in general. Chi-square tests show that there are no significant differences in welcoming campaigns among ethnics. However, ethnics preferences over the campaign methods and campaigners are significantly different (P <0.05).Ethnic differences imply that necessary modifications on the campaign channels and campaigners should also be taken under consideration. By identifying the preferred channel and campaigners, this study hopes to shed some light on the ways to overcome the problem of organ shortage in Malaysia. https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/4010 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/4010/3669

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 43 7 2014 07 15 936 46 Sang Duk Oh Dept. of Physical Education, Hanyang University , Seoul 133-791, Korea. 2015 10 15 The purpose of this study was to determine whether a 45 bp insertion/deletion (I/D) polymorphism in human uncoupling protein 2 (hUCP2) gene was associated with changes in several cardiovascular risk and physical fitness factors in response to combined exercise during 12 weeks in Korean middle-aged women. The changes in physiological parameters after combined exercise during 12 weeks were compared between each genotype subgroups of hUCP2 gene to clarify the inter-individual differences in exercised-induced changes according to genetic predisposition.A total of 185 women aged over 40 years living in Seoul, Korea were participated in this study, and analyzed before and after 12 weeks on combined exercise including aerobic exercise and strength training for body composition, hemodynamic parameters, physical fitness and metabolic variables. A 45 bp I/D polymorphism in hUCP2 gene was genotyped by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification and agarose gel electrophoresis method.Combined exercise program during 12 weeks indicated the significant health-promoting effects for our participants on multiple body composition, hemodynamic parameters, physical fitness factors and metabolic parameters, respectively. With respect to a 45 bp I/D polymorphism in hUCP2 gene, this polymorphism was significantly associated with baseline %body fat of our participants (P <.05). Moreover, this polymorphism was significantly associated with the changes in %body fat and serum triglyceride(TG) level after combined exercise program during 12 weeks(P <.05).Our data suggest that a 45 bp I/D polymorphism in hUCP2 gene may at least in part contribute to the inter-individual differences on the changes in some clinical and metabolic parameters following combined exercise in middle-aged women. https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/4009 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/4009/3668

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 43 7 2014 07 15 947 60 Imen Ben Salem-Ben Nejma 1. Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Biological Agents, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Monastir TU-5000 Monastir, Tunisia ; 1. Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Biological Agents, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Monastir TU-5000 Monastir, Tunisia. Mouna Hassine Zaafrane 1. Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Biological Agents, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Monastir TU-5000 Monastir, Tunisia ; 3. National Reference Center for Enteric Viruses, Laboratory of Virology, CHU of Dijon, 2 Rue Angélique Ducoudray, University of Bourgogne 21000 Dijon France. Fredj Hassine 4. Polyclinique CNSS Sousse- Khzema Sousse 4000-Tunisia. Khira Sdiri-Loulizi 3. National Reference Center for Enteric Viruses, Laboratory of Virology, CHU of Dijon, 2 Rue Angélique Ducoudray, University of Bourgogne 21000 Dijon France. Moncef Ben Said 3. National Reference Center for Enteric Viruses, Laboratory of Virology, CHU of Dijon, 2 Rue Angélique Ducoudray, University of Bourgogne 21000 Dijon France. Mahjoub Aouni 1. Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Biological Agents, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Monastir TU-5000 Monastir, Tunisia. Ridha Mzoughi 2. Laboratory of Hygiene, 5 Rue de Kairouan 4000 Sousse Tunisia. 2015 10 15 Diarrheal diseases can be caused by viral, bacterial and parasitic infections. This paper provides a preliminary image of diarrhea with regards to etiology and epidemiologic factors in Tunisian children less than five years of age.Overall, 124 diarrhoeal stools were collected from patients suffering from acute diarrhea and 54 stool samples from healthy children. All stools were examined for the presence of enteric pathogens.In diarrheagenic children, 107 pathogenic bacteria were isolated (12 Salmonella spp. (9.7%) and 95 diarrheagenic Escherichia coli strains (76.6%): 29 enteroaggregative E.coli (EAEC) (23.4%), 15 enteroinvasive E.coli (EIEC) (12.1%), 17 enteropathogenic E.coli (EPEC) (13.7%), 26 enterotoxigenic E.coli (ETEC) (21%) and 2 enterohemoragic E.coli (EHEC) (1.6%). However, in the control group, 23 pathogenic E.coli strains were isolated (42.6%): 8 EAEC (14.8%), 12 EIEC (22.2%) and 3 EPEC (5.5%). Among diarrheagenic E.coli (DEC), only ETEC strains were significantly recovered from diarrheagenic children than from healthy controls (P < 0.0003). Group A rotavirus was identified in 33.9% (n=42) of diarrheagenic children and in 11.1% among the control group (n=6). Concerning norovirus, 8.9% (n=11) of the samples collected from diarrheagenic children and 9.2% (n=5) from the control group were positive. The prevalence of rotaviruses and Salmonella spp were also significantly higher in patients with diarrhea than in controls (P = 0.002 and P < 0.019, respectively). Finally, enteropathogenic parasites (Entamoeba coli and cryptosporidium Oocystes) were isolated from 4.8% and 9.2% of diarrheagenic and control children, respectively.These results provide baseline data about the relative importance of different enteropathogens in Tunisian children. https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/4008 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/4008/3667

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 43 7 2014 07 15 961 7 Hassan Hashemi 1. Noor Ophthalmology Research Center, Noor Eye Hospital, Tehran, Iran. Farhad Rezvan 1. Noor Ophthalmology Research Center, Noor Eye Hospital, Tehran, Iran. Mehdi Khabazkhoob 2. Dept. of Epidemiology, Faculty of Public Health, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Hamidreza Gilasi 3. Dept. of Public Health and Biostatistics, Faculty of Health, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran. Koroush Etemad 2. Dept. of Epidemiology, Faculty of Public Health, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Alireza Mahdavi 1. Noor Ophthalmology Research Center, Noor Eye Hospital, Tehran, Iran. Soheila Asgari 4. Dept. of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, International Campus (TUMS-IC), Tehran, Iran. 2015 10 15 The aim of this study was to determine the trend of changes in Cataract Surgical Rate (CSR) in the provinces of Iran during 2006 to 2010 and identify high risk areas.This report is part of the national Iranian CSR Study. The percentage change in CSR in 2010 compared to 2006 was conducted in each province, retrospectively. One hundred and ten centers were chosen from all provinces, to determine CSR in each, the weight of major (>3,000 annual surgeries) and minor (3,000 annual surgeries or less) centers was calculated based on the number of selected centers, and multiplied by the number of surgeries in each province.In eight provinces, CSR was decreased by 1-60%. One province (Booshehr) showed no change. Eighteen provinces had 2-79% increase. No 2006 data was available in three provinces. North Khorasan had the most decrease while Kerman had the most increase in CSR. Six of these 8 provinces had CSR>3,000 despite a decrease in 2010, but North Khorasan had CSR<3,000 over the whole 5 year period. In 4 provinces, CSR had a gap from 3,000 despite an ascending trend, and in two, the gap was quite considerable.Although CSR has an improving trend in most provinces in Iran, it is decreasing in some provinces, and despite an already low CSR, the exacerbation continues. The growing population of over 50 year olds calls for prompt measures in such provinces. Even in improving provinces, some lag behind the minimum recommended by WHO, and the growth rate of the over 50 population reveals the necessity of immediate planning. https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/4007 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/4007/3666

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 43 7 2014 07 15 968 80 Saharnaz Nedjat 1. Dept. of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran ; 2. Knowledge Utilization Research Center (KURC), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Jaleh Gholami 1. Dept. of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran ; 2. Knowledge Utilization Research Center (KURC), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Bahareh Yazdizadeh 2. Knowledge Utilization Research Center (KURC), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Sima Nedjat 2. Knowledge Utilization Research Center (KURC), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Katayoun Maleki 2. Knowledge Utilization Research Center (KURC), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Reza Majdzadeh 1. Dept. of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran ; 2. Knowledge Utilization Research Center (KURC), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. 2015 10 15 Knowledge Translation is a process that includes synthesis, dissemination, exchange and application of knowledge to improve the health, services and products In this study we have attempted to examine the knowledge translation practice and its perceived barriers on the universalities and research institutes (research sector) in Iran.Both qualitative and quantitative approaches were used. In the quantitative section, a questionnaire had prepared for this study was completed by 88 authors country wide from randomly selected papers. In the qualitative section 13 in-depth interviews and 6 focus group discussions were held with managers and policy makers, clinical and health service providers, and researchers.Twenty four percent of the authors had no interaction whatsoever with the target audience. Lack of expectation toward creating change in the target audience, researchers' incentives, low level of trust among researchers and decision makers, absence of a predefined mechanism for delivery of research results and inappropriate research priorities were among the most important barriers identified in the qualitative section.Translation of research findings into some concrete outputs which can affect health of people is not in mandate of researchers and subsequently they are not prepared for this as well. Based on the barriers identified, it seems that the following interventions are necessary: cooperation among policy makers at macro and meso (organizational) level and the research sector; establishing networks for researchers and decision makers in choosing the research topic, priority setting, and building trust among researchers and policy makers. https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/4006 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/4006/3665

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 43 7 2014 07 15 981 9 Fatemeh Mohammadali 1. Dept. of Hematology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran ; 2. Iranian Blood Transfusion Research Center & Tehran Blood Transfusion Center, Tehran, Iran. Aliakbar Pourfathollah 2. Iranian Blood Transfusion Research Center & Tehran Blood Transfusion Center, Tehran, Iran ; 3. Dept. of Immunology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran. 2015 10 15 The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of hepatitis B, hepatitis C, HIV and syphilis infections in blood donors referred to Tehran Blood Transfusion Center (TBTC), and determine any association between blood groups and blood- borne infections between the years of 2005 and 2011.This was a retrospective study conducted at TBTC. All of the donor serum samples were screened for HBV, HCV, HIV and syphilis by using third generation ELISA kits and RPR test. Initial reactive samples were tested in duplicate. Confirmatory tests were performed on all repeatedly reactive donations. Blood group was determined by forward and reverse blood grouping. The results were subjected to chi square analysis for determination of statistical difference between the values among different categories according to SPSS program.Overall, 2031451 donor serum samples were collected in 2005-2011. Totally, 10451 were positive test for HBV, HCV, HIV and syphilis. The overall seroprevalence of HBV, HCV, HIV, and syphilis was 0.39%, 0.11%, 0.005%, and 0.010%, respectively. Hepatitis B and HIV infections were significantly associated with blood group of donors (P <0.05) ; percentage of HIV Ag/Ab was higher in donors who had blood group "A" and percentage of HBs Ag was lower in donors who had blood group O. There was no significant association between Hepatitis C and syphilis infections with ABO and Rh blood groups (P>0.05).Compared with neighboring countries and the international standards, prevalence of blood-borne infections is relatively low. https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/4005 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/4005/3664

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 43 7 2014 07 15 990 3