Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 45 12 2016 12 27 1577 1585 Hua-Ning ZHANG Shandong Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Academy of Preventive Medicine, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases Control and Prevention, Jinan, China Pei-Bin HOU Shandong Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Academy of Preventive Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China AND Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases Control and Prevention, Jinan, China Yu-Zhen CHEN Shandong Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Academy of Preventive Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China AND Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases Control and Prevention, Jinan, China Yu MA Railway Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China Xin-Peng LI Shandong Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Academy of Preventive Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China AND Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases Control and Prevention, Jinan, China Hui LV Shandong Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Academy of Preventive Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China AND Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases Control and Prevention, Jinan, China Mei WANG Shandong Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Academy of Preventive Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China AND Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases Control and Prevention, Jinan, China Hai-Lian TAN Shandong Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Academy of Preventive Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China AND Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases Control and Prevention, Jinan, China Zhen-Wang BI Shandong Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Academy of Preventive Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China AND Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases Control and Prevention, Jinan, China 2016 12 27 2016 12 27 Background: Current food safety issues are deleteriously reshaping the lifestyle of the population in the developing world. The globalization of food supply impacts patterns of foodborne disease outbreaks worldwide, and consumers are having increased concern about microbiological food safety. Methods: A total of 2305 samples including sauced meat, sausage, smoked meat, shrimp, sashimi and shellfish were collected from different farmer's markets and supermarkets. The prevalence of selected foodborne pathogens was evaluated in cooked meat and seafood from 2010 to 2013 in Shandong Province, China. Results: The average contamination rate was 6.39% (93.1456) for the selected pathogens in cooked meat and 16.84% (143.849) for V. parahaemolyticus in seafood. For the selected pathogens, 0.55%, 1.03%, 1.17%, 3.64% and 16.84% samples were contaminated with E. coli O157: H7, Salmonella spp., L. monocytogenes, S. aureus and VP, respectively. There was a significant (P<0.05) difference in the contamination rate between the farmer's markets and supermarkets. Conclusion: The contamination was decreasing in cooked meat and maintaining a relatively high level in seafood from 2010 to 2013. E. coli O157: H7, S. aureus, L. monocytogenes and Salmonella spp. existed at a relatively low rate in retail foods. For VP, the contamination rate has been maintained at a relatively high level in Shandong Province in China. Moreover, cooked meat and seafood obtained from farmer's markets are more susceptible to be contaminated compared to those from supermarkets.   https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/8632 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/8632/5401

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 45 12 2016 12 27 1533 1544 Xin WU Dept. of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China Jieru WANG Dept. of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China AND Dept. of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA Reuben COFIE Dept. of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China Atipatsa C KAMINGA Dept. of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China Aizhong LIU Dept. of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China 2016 12 27 2016 12 27 Background: Prevalence estimates of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) among breast cancer patients varied widely in existing studies. This study aimed to provide an overall prevalence estimate of PTSD among breast cancer patients, and the prevalence estimates related to specific PTSD diagnosis tools. Methods: Systematic search of relevant articles was made from seven databases. Freeman-Tukey Double Arcsine Transformation was used to estimate the overall prevalence of PTSD. Sub-group and meta-regression analyses were used to investigate the between-study sources of heterogeneity. Publication bias was examined using Egger’s funnel plot and Begg test. Results: The pooled prevalence of PTSD among breast cancer patients was [9.6%, 95% confidence intervals (95%CI)=7.9-11.5%]. Studies that used Clinician Administered PTSD Scale-Form (CAPS) method alone yielded much higher prevalence (19.0%, 95%CI=13.1-25.5%, n=5) than three or fourth edition Structured Clinical Interview for Diagnostic and Statistical Manual (SCID) method alone (3.0%, 95%CI= 2.2-3.9%, n=11). Prevalence estimates for studies that used the methods: PTSD Checklist—Civilian Version (PCL-C) cut-off, PCL-C cluster, and Impact of Event Scale (IES) cut-off were (7.0%, 95%CI= 3.9-10.8%, n=10), (11.5%, 95%CI= 8.6-15.6%, n=11) and (15.1%, 95%CI= 12.3-18.2%, n=4), respectively. Heterogeneity between-study was substantial (I2=44.9–92.3%). Conclusion: About 9.6% of the breast cancer patients would develop the PTSD symptoms. Those who were younger, non-Caucasian and recently completed treatment would be at a greater risk of developing PTSD.   https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/8628 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/8628/5397

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 45 12 2016 12 27 1652 1655 Arefeh KHADEMI Dept. of Neurology, Medical School, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran Maryam POURSADEGHFARD Clinical Neurology Research Center, Dept. of Neurology, Medical School, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran Reza NIKANDISH NOUBAR Dept. of Emergency Medicine, Medical School, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran 2016 12 27 2016 12 27 Neurobrucellosis is uncommon; however, it is an important complication of brucellosis, which could be seen in any stage of the disease. It presents with different kinds of neurology manifestations and diagnosis is mainly made on history, physical examination and laboratory tests. The clinical course of the disease is relatively insidious and the most common pattern of presentation is subacute or chronic. It has a long-term treatment period and its response to treatment is slow. Here, we report a case of an apparent healthy 25 yr-old Afghani woman from Fars Province (south of Iran) that presented at first with hyperacute onset of headache and abnormal behavior and diagnosed neurobrucellosis in Nov 2015. In endemic areas, neurobrucellosis should be considered for each patient referred with unexplained neurological problems.   https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/8641 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/8641/5484

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 45 12 2016 12 27 1656 1657 Weinan ZENG Dept. of Psychology, Research Center for Quality of Life and Applied Psychology, Guangdong Medical University, Donggguan, China Kaiyin YE Dept. of Psychology, School of Education, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, China 2016 12 27 2016 12 27 Memory Self-efficacy Mediates the Relationship between Self-rated Health and Optimism among Chinese Older Adults https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/8652 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/8652/5485

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 45 12 2016 12 27 1586 1594 Alessandro L. CAVALCANTI Dept. of Public Health, State University of Paraiba, Campina Grande, Brazil Ianny A. RAMOS Dept. of Dentistry, State University of Paraiba, Campina Grande, Brazil Andreia M. R. CARDOSO Dept. of Dentistry, State University of Paraiba, Campina Grande, Brazil Liege Helena F. FERNANDES Dept. of Dentistry, State University of Paraiba, Campina Grande, Brazil Amanda S. ARAGÃO Dept. of Dentistry, State University of Paraiba, Campina Grande, Brazil Fábio G. SANTOS Dept. of Dentistry, State University of Paraiba, Campina Grande, Brazil Yêska P. C. AGUIAR Dept. of Dentistry, State University of Paraiba, Campina Grande, Brazil Danielle F. CARVALHO Dept. of Public Health, State University of Paraiba, Campina Grande, Brazil Carla C. M. MEDEIROS Dept. of Public Health, State University of Paraiba, Campina Grande, Brazil Renata De S. C. SOARES Dept. of Public Health, State University of Paraiba, Campina Grande, Brazil Ricardo D. CASTRO Dept. of Clinics and Social Dentistry, Federal University of Paraiba, Joao Pessoa, Brazil 2016 12 27 2016 12 27 Background: Obesity is a serious problem of public health and affects all socio-economic groups, irrespective of age, sex or ethnicity. The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between periodontal condition and nutritional status of adolescents. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study using a probability cluster sampling, and the sample was defined by statistical criterion, consisting of 559 students aged 15-19 yr enrolled in public schools of adolescents of Campina Grande, PB, Brazil in 2012. Socioeconomic characteristics were analyzed, as well as self-reported general and oral health, anthropometric data and periodontal condition (CPI and OHI-S). Descriptive and analytical analysis from bivariate and multivariate Poisson regression analysis with 5% significance level was performed. Results: Of the 559 adolescents, 18.6% were overweight and 98.4% had some form of periodontal changes such as: bleeding (34.3%), calculus (38.8%), shallow pocket (22.9%) and deep pocket (2.3%). There was association between presence of periodontal changes with obesity (P<0.05; CI 95%: 0.99 [0.98 - 0.99]). Conclusion: The association between presence of periodontal changes and obesity status in adolescents was indicated.     https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/8633 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/8633/5402

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 45 12 2016 12 27 1545 1557 Mohamed S. ZULFARINA Pharmaco-Epidemiology Unit, Dept. of Pharmacology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Jalan Yaacob Latif, Bandar Tun Razak, 56000 Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia Ahmad M. SHARKAWI Pharmaco-Epidemiology Unit, Dept. of Pharmacology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Jalan Yaacob Latif, Bandar Tun Razak, 56000 Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia Zaris-SM AQILAH-S.N Dept. of Orthopaedics, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Jalan Yaacob Latif, Bandar Tun Razak, 56000 Che-ras, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia Sabarul-Afian MOKHTAR Dept. of Orthopaedics, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Jalan Yaacob Latif, Bandar Tun Razak, 56000 Che-ras, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia Shuid A. NAZRUN Pharmaco-Epidemiology Unit, Dept. of Pharmacology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Jalan Yaacob Latif, Bandar Tun Razak, 56000 Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia Isa NAINA-MOHAMED Pharmaco-Epidemiology Unit, Dept. of Pharmacology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Jalan Yaacob Latif, Bandar Tun Razak, 56000 Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia 2016 12 27 2016 12 27 Background: This study conducted to examine and to provide a systematic literature over the influence of adolescents’ physical activity (PA) in maximizing`s peak bone mass (PBM). PBM or the ‘bone bank’ is an important determinant in achieving healthy bone. PA is one of the bone’s lifestyle contributors and high PBM is one of the major strategies for preventing osteoporosis. Methods: A computerized literature search using Medline (Ovid) and Scopus were conducted to identify relevant observational studies on the influence of different level of PA on bone acquisition among the healthy adolescent population. All articles included, were limited to original articles and English language. Results: Nine studies met the inclusion criteria. Reported bone outcomes were of bone mass, bone structure and bone strength. Eight studies showed positive association between adolescents’ PA and high bone variables. The influence of PA may differ according to sex, skeletal sites and bone outcomes. Conclusion: This study supported the importance of increase adolescents’ regular PA in optimizing PBM thus preventing osteoporosis at later life.   https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/8629 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/8629/5398

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 45 12 2016 12 27 1658 1659 Aamir HUSSAIN 2017 11 29 2017 11 29 Life Skills Education for Malaysian Institutionalised Adoles-cents: Knowledge, Needs and Priorities: A Qualitative Pilot Study https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/11775 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/11775/5856

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 46 12 2017 11 29 1646 1651 Lin WU Dept. of MRI, Liaocheng People’s Hospital, Liaocheng, Shandong, China Li ZHANG Dept. of Cardiology, Liaocheng People’s Hospital, Liaocheng, Shandong, China 2017 11 29 2017 11 29 Background: We aimed to evaluate the effect of high-quality nursing on improvement of anxiety and depression of patients with acute stroke in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) examination. Methods: A total of 120 patients diagnosed as acute stroke for the first time were enrolled in Liaocheng People’s Hospital from 2016-2017 and randomly divided into control group (n=60) and observation group (n=60). All patients received cerebral MRI examination at 6h and 24h after admission and before discharge. The control group was treated with routine nursing, while the observation group was treated with high-quality nursing, and the specific nursing measures included the establishment of high-quality nursing group, full evaluation of the severity of disease, timely solving of difficulties in MRI examination, understanding of the patient's anxiety and depression, establishment of personal information files before discharge, etc. The completion rate and average duration of examination, the improvement of anxiety and depression and the nursing satisfaction were compared between the two groups. Results: In observation group, the completion rate of MRI examination was significantly increased (P=0.035), the average duration was shortened (P=0.011), the anxiety and depression scores (self-rating anxiety scale (SAS) and self-rating depression scale (SDS)) were improved obviously (P=0.006 and 0.009), and the nursing satisfaction score and rate was increased (P=0.000 and 0.027); the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05). Conclusion: High-quality nursing can significantly improve the anxiety and depression of patients with acute stroke in MRI examination, which has a better application value in increasing the completion rate of examination, shortening the duration of examination and improving the nursing satisfaction.     https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/11760 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/11760/5844

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 46 12 2017 11 29 1742 1743 Masoomeh DADPAY Dept. of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, AJA University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Hossein GHAYOUMI ZADEH Dept. of Electrical Engineering, Vali-e-Asr University of Rafsanjan, Rafsanjan, Iran Mostafa DANAEIAN Dept. of Electrical Engineering, Vali-e-Asr University of Rafsanjan, Rafsanjan, Iran Farshad NAMDARI Dept. of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, AJA University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Bijan REZAKHANIHA Dept. of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, AJA University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran 2017 11 29 2017 11 29 Evaluation of Thermal Imaging System of the Scrotum in  Patients with Varicocele https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/11776 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/11776/5857

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 46 12 2017 11 29 1652 1658 Nazanin ABOLHASSANI Dept. of Health Management and Economics, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Ali AKBARI SARI Dept. of Health Management and Economics, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Arash RASHIDIAN Dept. of Health Management and Economics, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Mansoor RASTEGARPANAH Dept. of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran 2017 11 29 2017 11 29 Background: The recognition of patient safety is now occupying a prominent place on the health policy agenda since medical errors can result in adverse events. The existence of confusing drug names is one of the most common causes of medication errors. In Iran, the General Office of Trademarks Registry (GOTR), for four years (2010-2014) was responsible for approving drug proprietary names. This study aimed to investigate the performance of the GOTR in terms of drug names orthographic similarity using the SOLAR model. Methods: First, 100 names were randomly selected from the GOTR’s database. Then, each name was searched through pharmaceutical websites including Martindale (the Complete Drug Reference published by Pharmaceutical Press), Drugs.com and Medicines Complete. Pair of drugs whose names look orthographically similar with different indications were identified. Then, the SOLAR model was utilized to determine orthographic similarity between all pair of drug names. Results: The mean of match values of these 100 pairs of drug was 77% indicating the high risk of similarity. The match value for most of the reviewed pairs (92%) was high (≥66%). This value was medium (≥ 33% and <66%) just for 8% of the pairs of drug. These results indicate high risk of confusion due to similarity of drug names. Conclusion: The stewardship of the GOTR in patient safety considerations is fundamentally problematic. Thus, as a best practice, we recommend that proprietary names of drugs be evaluated by an entity within the health system. While an entity within the health system should address patient safety considerations, the GOTR is responsible for intellectual property rights.     https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/11761 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/11761/5845

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 46 12 2017 11 29 1744 1745 Cristiana Lucretia POP Dept. of Physical Education and Sports, Faculty of Agrifood and Environmental Economics, The Bucharest University of Economic Studies, Bucharest, Romania 2017 11 29 2017 11 29 Association between Body Mass Index and Self Body Image  Perception   https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/11777 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/11777/5858

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 46 12 2017 11 29 1659 1668 Yujia REN Physical Education Institute, Hunan First Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, 410205, China Jiao YANG School of Nursing, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410013, China Liqiong LIU Xiangtan Vocational Technical College, Xiangtan, Hunan, 411005, China 2017 11 29 2017 11 29 Background: At present, the mental health of rural left-behind children is a major social problem in China. Internet addiction, social anxiety, and loneliness are common psychological and behavioral problems among rural left-behind children, but the relationships among these issues have not been clearly identified. Methods: A total of 432 junior year 1 to senior year 3 students were randomly selected from 2 rural middle schools in Hunan Province of China as the research subjects. The Internet Addiction Disorder Diagnostic Scale, Social Anxiety Subscale of the Self-Consciousness Scale (SASS-CS), and University of California Los Angeles Loneliness Scale were employed to measure the degree of Internet addiction, feelings of social fear, social avoidance behavior, and the level of loneliness among the research subjects. Results: The rate of Internet addiction among rural left-behind middle school students was 18.27%, and was correlated with the length of time their parents spent at home as well as whether one or both parents migrated for work. Positive correlations were found among Internet addiction, social anxiety, and loneliness. Loneliness was found to play a mediating role in the relationship between social anxiety and Internet addiction among rural left-behind middle school students. Conclusion: Social anxiety and loneliness both increase the likelihood of Internet addiction in rural left-behind middle school students and social anxiety can affect Internet addiction through loneliness, implying an urgent need to strengthen care for rural left-behind children, reduce their loneliness, and thereby effectively alleviate the problem of Internet addiction among rural left-behind middle school students.     https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/11763 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/11763/5846

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 46 12 2017 11 29 1746 1747 Azam BAZOOBAND Dept. of Management, Babol Branch, Payame Noor University, Babol, Iran Abdolvahab BAGHBANIAN Faculty of Health Sciences, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia Ghazal TORKFAR Menzies Center for Health Policy, Sydney School of Public Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia 2017 11 29 2017 11 29 A Case Study of the Relationship between Basic Psychological Needs and General Health among Old People https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/11778 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/11778/5859

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 46 12 2017 11 29 1669 1678 Ahmad Yahya AL-SAGARAT Dept. of Community and Mental Health Nursing, College of Nursing, Mutah University, Al-Karak, Jordan Mahmoud Taher AL KALALDEH Faculty of Nursing, Al-Zaytoonah University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan 2017 11 29 2017 11 29 Background: Adolescence is a developmental stage associated with many behavioural fluctuations and health risks behaviours. In this study, various health risk behaviours among Government school students in Jordan were assessed. Methods: This cross-sectional descriptive study recruited 1256 students from 20 secondary schools all over the country. Students completed the Global School-based Student Health Survey (GSHS, 2009-2012). The study was conducted in the period between Feb 2016 and Aug 2016. Chi-square (x2) was used to examine differences among the demographic variables. Results: Students scored low in eating breakfast, eating fruit, vegetables, and milk products. However, students scored moderately in hand and mouth hygiene. Students showed minimal incidences of physical attack and physical fight. Although suicidal attempts were not significantly reported, complaining from worries, feeling of sadness and hopelessness were moderately scored. The majority of physical activities were reported from walking or riding bicycles. However, three hours per day was the average of time spent on sitting activities. Students scored lowest in school absenteeism and the majority described their classmates as kind and helpful. Parental control on students' home activities was regarded. Conclusion: In comparison with 2004 and 2007 statistics, students revealed improvements in physical activity, and reduced physical attacks and injuries. Future researchers are encouraged to discover factors associated with these changes.   https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/11764 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/11764/5847

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 46 12 2017 11 29 1748 1749 Hamed EBRAHIMZADEH LEYLABADLO Students’ Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran AND Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran Shirin SHAHSAVARI Dept. of Biotechnology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Alzahra University, Tehran, Iran Amir MOHAMMADZADEH Students’ Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran AND Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran Hossein BANNAZADEH BAGHI Infectious and Tropical Diseases Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran AND Dept. of Microbiology and Virology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran 2017 11 29 2017 11 29 An Unlikely Aid: Fighting HIV through TV https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/11779 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/11779/5860

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 46 12 2017 11 29 1679 1689 Yanli WAN Institute of Medical Information, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China Hongpu HU Institute of Medical Information, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China Yanli XU Medical College of Hebei Engineering University, Handan, Hebei, China Quan CHEN Institute of Medical Information, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China Yan WANG Institute of Medical Information, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China Dongping GAO Institute of Medical Information, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China 2017 11 29 2017 11 29   Background: Compared to the rigid image registration task, the non-rigid image registration task faces much more challenges due to its high degree of freedom and inherent requirement of smoothness in the deformation field. The purpose was to propose an efficient coarse-to-fine non-rigid medical image registration algorithm based on a multi-level deformable model. Methods: In this paper, a robust and efficient coarse-to-fine non-rigid medical image registration algorithm is proposed. It contains three level deformation models, i.e., the global homography model, the local mesh-level homography model, and the local B-spline FFD (Free-Form Deformation) model. The coarse registration is achieved by the first two level models. In the global homography model, a robust algorithm for simultaneous outliers (error matched feature points) removal and model estimation is applied. In the local mesh-level homography model, a new similarity measure is proposed to improve the robustness and accuracy of local mesh based registration. In the fine registration, a local B-spline FFD model with normalized mutual information gradient is employed. Results: We verified the effectiveness of each stage of the proposed registration algorithm with many non-rigid transformation image pairs, and quantitatively compared our proposed registration algorithm with the HBFFD method which is based on the control points of multi-resolution. The experimental results show that our algorithm is more accurate than the hierarchical local B-spline FFD method. Conclusion: Our algorithm can achieve high precision registration by coarse-to-fine process based on multi-level deformable model, which ourperforms the state-of-the-art methods.   https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/11765 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/11765/5848

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 46 12 2017 11 29 1750 1751 Mahin GHAFARI Dept. of Public Health, School of Health, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran Mahdi MOHAMMADIAN Dept. of Health and Social Medicine, School of Medicine, Dezful University of Medical Sciences, Dezful, Iran Ali Asghar VALIPOUR Dept. of Public Health, School of Public Health, Abadan School of Medical Sciences, Abadan, Iran Abdollah MOHAMMADIAN-HAFSHEJANI Dept. of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran AND Dept. of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran 2017 11 29 2017 11 29 The Future Prospects of Testis Cancer in the World https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/11780 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/11780/5861

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 46 12 2017 11 29 1690 1696 Ahmad TAVAKOLI Dept. of Virology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Farhad REZAEI Dept. of Virology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Gazal Sadat FATEMI NASAB Dept. of Virology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Fatemeh ADJAMINEZHAD-FARD Dept. of Virology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Zahra NOROOZBABAEI Dept. of Virology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Talat MOKHTARI-AZAD Dept. of Virology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran 2017 11 29 2017 11 29 Background: The most common serological assay to measure anti-influenza antibodies is hemagglutination inhibition (HI) assay. Recently, neutralizing antibodies against influenza virus infection or vaccination can also be detected using microneutralization assays and occasionally, have greater sensitivity than the standard HI assays. The study aimed to compare the sensitivity and specificity of ELISA-based microneutralization (microNT-ELISA) and conventional HI assays in order to detect influenza H1N1 virus antibodies. Methods: MicroNT-ELISA was set up according to the WHO Manual on Influenza Diagnosis and Surveillance in Virology Department of Tehran University of Medical Sciences for the detection of neutralizing antibodies against H1N1 influenza virus in 2013. Fifty serum samples were analyzed with both HI and microNT-ELISA assays. Correlation between methods was calculated by linear regression analysis. Results: The linear correlation coefficient squares, R2, of microNT-ELISA and HI test was 0.61 (P<0.0001) and we observed a high index of coincidence between the two tests. According to McNemar's test, there was no statistically significant difference between these two assays (P>0.05). Conclusion: The sensitivity and specificity of microNT-ELISA assay were high (87% and 73%, respectively) and closely related to gold standard test results. Therefore, microNT-ELISA is recommended as an alternative or complementary test to conventional HI assay for serological and epidemiological purposes.   https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/11767 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/11767/5849

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 46 12 2017 11 29 1752 1753 Erfan AYUBI Dept. of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran AND Dept. of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Ali HOSSEINI Dept. of Geography and Urban Planning, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran Kamyar MANSORI Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran Salman KHAZAEI Dept. of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran 2017 11 29 2017 11 29 Province Disparity on Female Breast Cancer in Iran https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/11781 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/11781/5862

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 46 12 2017 11 29 1697 1703 Masoomeh GHADERIPOUR Dept. of Medical Parasitology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Khadijeh KHANALIHA Dept. of Medical Parasitology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Mehdi MOHEBALI Dept. of Medical Parasitology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran AND Center for Research of Endemic Parasites of Iran (CREPI), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Saeedeh SHOJAEE Dept. of Medical Parasitology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Maryam BARKHORI Dept. of Medical Parasitology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Hamed MIRJALALI Dept. of Medical Parasitology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Mostafa REZAEIAN Dept. of Medical Parasitology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran AND Center for Research of Endemic Parasites of Iran (CREPI), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran 2017 11 29 2017 11 29 Background: Microsporidia have been reported as the cause of opportunistic infections in immunocompromised patients in Iran and other countries. There is no data on prevalence of intestinal microsporidia in healthy population of Iran. This study aimed to provide preliminary data on the present status of microsporidia infection in the local healthy population in Jiroft, Kerman Province from southeastern Iran in 2013-2014. Methods: Fresh stool samples were randomly collected from 418 residents in rural 209 (50%) and urban 209 (50%) areas of Jiroft. All of the collected samples were concentrated with conventional formalin-ether, stained with Ryan blue. Microscopic examination was performed with high magnification on each sample separately for the demonstration of microsporidia spores. Results: Microsporidial spores were identified in 41 out of 418 (9.8%) samples including 16.41(39%) from rural areas and 25.41(61%) from urban areas. In general, there was no significant difference between sex, age, job, education, and contact with soil and livestock, water supply, gastrointestinal disorders and microsporidia infection among general population in Jiroft. Conclusion: Intestinal microsporidia infection without clinical manifestations is prevalent in general population resident in southeastern Iran. Appropriate molecular methods are needed for microsporidia species identification.   https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/11768 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/11768/5850

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 46 12 2017 11 29 1704 1711 Imen CHATTI Laboratory of Human Cytogenetics, Molecular Genetics and Reproductive Biology, Farhat Hached Hospital, Sousse, Tunisia Jean-Baptiste WOILLARD U850 INSERM, University of Limoges, CHU Limoges, FHU SUPORT, Limoges, France Amira MILI Laboratory of Human Cytogenetics, Molecular Genetics and Reproductive Biology, Farhat Hached Hospital, Sousse, Tunisia Isabelle CREVEAUX Laboratoire de Biochimie Médicale, Faculté de Médecine, Clermont-Ferrand, France Ilhem BEN CHARFEDDINE Laboratory of Human Cytogenetics, Molecular Genetics and Reproductive Biology, Farhat Hached Hospital, Sousse, Tunisia Jihène FEKI Service d’ Oncologie Médicale et Service de Chirurgie Générale, CHU Habib Bourguiba, Université de Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia Sarah LANGLAIS Laboratoire de Biochimie Médicale, Faculté de Médecine, Clermont-Ferrand, France Leila BEN FATMA Dept. of Medical Oncology, CHU Farhat Hached, Sousse, Tunisia Ali SAAD Laboratory of Human Cytogenetics, Molecular Genetics and Reproductive Biology, Farhat Hached Hospital, Sousse, Tunisia Moez GRIBAA Laboratory of Human Cytogenetics, Molecular Genetics and Reproductive Biology, Farhat Hached Hospital, Sousse, Tunisia Frédéric LIBERT Laboratoire de Pharmacologie et Toxicologie, CHU G. Montpied, Clermont-Ferrand, France Inserm, U1107 NEURO-DOL, Clermont Université, 63001 Clermont-Ferrand, France 2017 11 29 2017 11 29 Background: Pain and its opioid treatments are complex measurable traits. Responses to morphine in terms of pain control is likely to be determined by many factors, including the underlying pain sensitivity of the patient, along with nature and extent of the painful process, concomitant medications, genetic and other clinical and environmental factors. This study investigated genetic polymorphisms implicated in the inter-individual pain response variability to opioid treatment in the Tunisian population. Methods: This prospective association study investigated seven variations in the OPRM1, OPRK1 and COMT gene, which encode Mu and KAPPA opioid receptors, and Catechol-O-methyltransferase enzyme respectively, in a cohort of 129 Tunisian cancer pain patients under oral morphine treatment. Genotyping was performed by simple probe probes on Light Cyler for rs17174629, rs1799972, rs1799971, rs1051659, rs1051660 and rs4680 and by PCR assay for the indel in the promoter region of OPRK1 (rs35566036). A statistical associations study between dose (continuous), dose escalation (yes/no) and SNP or haplotypes were investigated using linear multiple regressions and logistic regressions respectively adjusted on metastases and pain covariates in the R software. Results: We detected significant association of the rs1051660 adjusted on metastasis and pain (P=0.02), no other association has been detected between the 7 polymorphisms screened and the dose of morphine needed for pain relief. Conclusion: This can be explained by the strong genetic heterogeneity in the cosmopolitan areas where our patients were recruited for this study, compared to more homegenous population recruited in other studies.     https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/11769 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/11769/5851

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 46 12 2017 11 29 1712 1719 Ali ROSTAMI Dept. of Parasitology and Mycology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Hooshang KHAZAN Dept. of Parasitology and Mycology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Bahram KAZEMI Dept. of Parasitology and Mycology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran AND Dept. of Biotechnology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Eshrat Beigom KIA Dept. of Medical Parasitology & Mycology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Mojgan BANDEPOUR Dept. of Biotechnology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Niloofar TAGHIPOUR Dept. of Parasitology and Mycology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Gholamreza MOWLAVI Dept. of Medical Parasitology & Mycology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran 2017 11 29 2017 11 29 Background: Trichinellosis is an important and neglected foodborne zoonotic infectious disease in worldwide. The most human outbreaks in recent years have been related to consumption of wild boar meat. This cross-sectional study determined the prevalence of Trichinella spp. infections in hunted wild boars in northern Iran. Methods: Thirty-five hunted wild boars were subjected in this study in 2015. All samples were examined by conventional artificial digestion method to detect of muscle larvae. Genomic DNA was extracted by phenol-chloroform method from isolated larvae. To identify the Trichinella species, a PCR-based method was applied using the internal transcribed spacer 2 (ITS2) and mitochondrial small-subunit ribosomal RNA (rRNA) gene sequences. Results: The overall prevalence of Trichinella spp. infection was 5.7% (2/35, 95%CI= 0-13.4). The mean larval burdens in two positive samples were 0.05 and 6 larvae per gr tissue muscle, respectively. The PCR reaction, using specific primers, yielded two 367 bp and 195 bp bands on agarose gel for ITS 2 and rrnS, respectively. Conclusion: There is a hidden burden of Trichinella spp. infection in wild boar population in Iran. Moreover, T. britovi is the prevalent species circulating in wild boars of Iran. Therefore, education of the hunters and other consumers should be performed about the risk