Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 45 8 2016 10 10 997 1003 Hee-Ju KWON Asia Contents Institute, Konkuk University, Seoul, Korea Ik-Rae CHO College of Education, Hankuk University of Foreign Studies, Seoul, Korea Hyo-Joo PARK College of Education, Hankuk University of Foreign Studies, Seoul, Korea Tae-Young KIM College of Education, Hankuk University of Foreign Studies, Seoul, Korea 2016 08 28 2016 08 28 Background: In this study, we examined the status of Korean women’s alcohol consumption and identified the physical changes they undergo according to the level of consumption. The results of this study may thus be used as raw data to effectively control women’ drinking habits. Methods: This study consists of a secondary analysis using data from female participants in the 6th Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, which was conducted by the Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention(2013-2014, V-2). In total, 863 women were finally selected to analyze their anthropometric data [height, body weight, body mass index (BMI), and waist circumference], blood parameters (total cholesterol, triglyceride, and feeding glucose), blood pressure profile (systolic/diastolic), and nutrients (carbohydrate, protein, lipid, and total energy intake). Results: Women’s alcohol consumption contributed significantly to an increase in body weight, body fat, and BMI as well as to an increase in total energy intake resulting from increased fat consumption. Further, the systolic blood pressure increased significantly when women were exposed to alcohol. Conclusion: The results of this study suggest that alcohol consumption in women is associated with a range of adverse health implications. Notably, an increase in drinking frequency significantly affects their body weight, blood parameters, and nutrients, thus posing substantial health risks to the women, including obesity. Therefore, the Korean government should help women curve their drinking habits through regular training and campaigns.     https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/7600 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/7600/5493

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 45 8 2016 10 10 970 977 Maria Adriana BURGIO Unit of Obstetrics and Gynecology, ASST Cremona, Cremona, Italy Antonio Simone LAGANÀ Unit of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Department of Human Pathology in Adulthood and Childhood “G. Barresi”, University of Messina, Messina, Italy Angela SICILIA School of Midwifery, University of Messina, Messina, Italy Romana PROSPERI PORTA Dept. of Gynecology, Obstetrics and Urology, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Policlinico Umberto I, Rome, Italy Maria Grazia PORPORA Dept. of Gynecology, Obstetrics and Urology, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Policlinico Umberto I, Rome, Italy Helena BAN FRANGEŽ Dept. of Reproduction, University Medical Center Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia Giovanni DI VENTI Unit of Nursing and Midwifery Administration, A.O.U. “Gaetano Martino”, Messina, Italy Onofrio TRIOLO Unit of Nursing and Midwifery Administration, A.O.U. “Gaetano Martino”, Messina, Italy 2016 08 28 2016 08 28 Background: UNICEF (United Nations International Children's Emergency Fund) and WHO estimate that if all babies were breastfed for at least the first six months of their lives, the rate of morbidity and malnutrition would significantly decrease all over the world. In this view, these two organizations promoted a worldwide campaign for breastfeeding, creating the Baby Friendly Hospital Initiative (BFHI) that encourages good practices for the promotion of breastfeeding in hospitals. The aim of our study was to review the available evidence regarding the positive effects of breastfeeding, in order to suggest to most appropriate strategy to support it. Methods: The main databases including Scopus, PubMed, MEDLINE, Google scholar and Science Direct were researched to obtain the original papers related to breastfeeding education. The main terms used to literature search were "Breastfeeding education", Breastfeeding support", and “Breastfeeding healthcare policy”. The timeframe included the obtained articles was from 1980 to 2015. Results: Our analysis confirms that healthcare providers play a pivotal role in education and encouraging mothers to begin and continue breastfeeding. In this view, the adequate training of healthcare providers seems to be mandatory in order to support this practice. Moreover, adequate facilities are needed in order to promote and support breastfeeding. Conclusion: Considering the available evidence, breastfeeding should be supported among all the mothers. Based on the positive data emerging from the public awareness campaign in different Countries of the world, we strongly encourage an accurate training for doctors and midwives and the implementation of adequate facilities in order to support breastfeeding.   https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/7597 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/7597/5490

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 45 8 2016 10 10 1080 1082 Majid AKRAMI Dept. of Surgery, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran Mohammad Reza SASANI Medical Imaging Research Center, Dept. of Radiology, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran 2016 08 28 2016 08 28 Nutritional status is very important especially in older adults because of its effects on quality of life. Phytobezoar, for instance, that can lead to small bowel obstruction has risk factors such as excessive consumption of foods with high fiber content and inadequate chewing. These factors are related to dietary habits. Furthermore, aging process and some of related physiologic changes can predispose one to phytobezoar formation. We describe a 61-yr-old man presented to the Emergency Department of Nemazee Hospital, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran, in 2015 with small bowel obstruction due to phytobezoar following large amount of pomegranate seeds intake a few days before admission as an example of increased morbidity relating to unusual dietary habit.     https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/7610 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/7610/5518

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 45 8 2016 10 10 1083 1084 Brunah de Oliveira BUCHE Dept. of Dentistry, Universidade Positivo, Curitiba, Brazil Bruno GUSSO Dept. of Dentistry, Universidade Positivo, Curitiba, Brazil Fernanda Mara de Paiva BERTOLI Dept. of Dentistry, Universidade Positivo, Curitiba, Brazil Juliana Feltrin de SOUZA Dept. of Dentistry, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil Ana Tereza Bittencourt GUIMARÃES Dept. of Biological Sciences, Universidade do Oeste do Paraná, Cascavel, Brazil João Armando BRANCHER Dept. of Dentistry, Universidade Positivo, Curitiba, Brazil 2016 08 28 2016 08 28 Estimation of the Salivary Iron in Children with Dental Caries: A Pilot Study https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/7611 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/7611/5521

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 45 8 2016 10 10 1074 1079 Ionel BOSTAN The Stefan Cel Mare University of Suceava, Doctoral School of Economics, Suceava, Romania 2016 08 28 2016 08 28 Background: The present paper focuses on approaching the context and the actual manner of applying a method, known to be efficient and with a solid scientific background, on the institutional level of healthcare in Romania. Methods: The analyses and correlations developed by the author have taken into account the latest editions of the journals and publications of these institutions, such as statistical papers, standards, procedural guidebooks, reports. Most of the data (easily identifiable in the electronic environment) have been selected to enable the subsequent further investigation. Results: The payments made in 2012 for the audited NHP1-4, have increased by 82 282.66 thousand € (39.2%) as compared to 2010, and by 50578.22 thousand € (20.9%) as compared to 2011. The amounts paid for NHP1-4 have had an ascending trend starting with 2010, but, during 2010-2012, as the contribution of the Ministry of Health from the state budget has decreased from 152590.66 thousand € to 95328.22 thousand €, CNAS’s funding from the FNUASS resources has increased by 2.4 times. Conclusion: Following the analysis conducted on the NHP1-4, the findings based on representative samples are: (i) the specific legal standards related to the development of the NHP1-4, did not provide all the mechanisms that would ensure the certain procurement of medication and medical supplies as needed and did not ensure the efficient use of the allocated funds; (ii) clear discontinuities have been identified in the funding of NHP1-4, etc.     https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/7609 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/7609/5517

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 45 8 2016 10 10 1004 1011 Wenxin XU Institute of Physical Education and Sport Science, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350007, China Jiwei YAO Physical Education Institute, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350007, China Longfei CHEN The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Xiangtan, Hunan, 411201, China 2016 08 28 2016 08 28 Background: Chronic cor pulmonale (CCP) is a disease of increasing frequency in Chinese people and profoundly influences their health. CCP is often accompanied by anxiety and other psychological problems, and patients may show signs of motor function decline. However, little attention has been paid to the impact of CCP-related psychological problems on motor function. Methods: Patients with CCP receiving in- or outpatient treatment in the Respiratory Department of Xiangya Hospital of Central South University and the Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University in Hunan Province between January and July 2015 were investigated. A total of 167 questionnaires were distributed, with 160 valid questionnaires ultimately collected from 95 male and 65 female participants of mean age (± standard deviation) of 68.2 ± 12.3 yr. Self-Rating Anxiety Scale (SAS) scoring was adopted to evaluate anxiety in the participants, and heart rate, blood pressure, breathing rate, 6-minute walk test and Borg index score were combined to detect the exercise capability of the participants. Results: Anxiety was present in 48.8% of patients. Heart rate, systolic blood pressure, breathing rate and the Borg score of CCP patients with anxiety were higher than in CCP patients without anxiety (P < 0.05), while mean walking distance was shorter (P < 0.05). Conclusion: The rate of anxiety in patients with CCP is relatively high. Anxiety reduces motor function in CCP patients; therefore, in the process of treating patients with CCP, effort should be made to engage simultaneously patients in psychotherapy.     https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/7601 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/7601/5494

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 45 8 2016 10 10 978 985 Zahra CHERAGHI Dept. of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Amin DOOSTI-IRANI Dept. of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Sima NEDJAT Knowledge Utilization Research Center, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran Parvin CHERAGHI Dept. of Health Education and Promotion, School of Public Health, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran Saharnaz NEDJAT Dept. of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Knowledge Utilization Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran 2016 08 28 2016 08 28  Background: Due to the increase in the elderly population in different societies, their primary needs, physical and mental health, and quality of life, is important. This study aimed to estimate the overall mean score of the QOL based on the Qol-Brief questionnaire in the elderly population of Iran. Methods: The international and national databases, including; Medline, Scopus, Science Direct, MagIran, and SID were searched up to Feb 2015. All studies, addressed the quality of life among the healthy Iranian elderly population using WHO-QOL-BRIEF questionnaire, were included. The random effect model was used for data analysis and the results were reported with a 95% confidence. Results: Out of 2150 studies, seven studies involved 1366 elderly participants were included in the meta-analysis. The pooled mean score of total QOL was 60.1±4.6. The pooled mean score of quality of life for physical health was 55.13 [51.03, 59.22], for environmental was 51.80 [45.50, 58.10], for psychological was 56.68 [53.29, 60.08] and for the social relationship was 57.82 [55.79, 59.86]. The men had a better status and in two health domains, including; physical and psychological health. Conclusion: The results of this study stress the necessity of attention to the quality of life in the domains of physical health (especially in women), and environmental health in the elderly population.     https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/7598 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/7598/5491

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 45 8 2016 10 10 191 192 George IMATAKA Department of Pediatrics, Dokkyo Medical University, Tochigi, Japan Shigemi YOSHIHARA Department of Pediatrics, Dokkyo Medical University, Tochigi, Japan 2020 01 07 No Abstract https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/19382 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/19382/6647

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 49 1 2020 01 07 181 185 Alireza BADIRZADEH Department of Parasitology and Mycology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Saber RAEGHI Department of Laboratory Sciences, Maragheh University of Medical Sciences, Maragheh, Iran Vahid FALLAH-OMRANI Cellular and Molecular Biology Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran AND Department of Biotechnology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Soheila ROUHANI Department of Medical Parasitology and Mycology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran 2020 01 07 Background: The main objective of the current study was to investigate on the cryopreservation of protoscoleces of Echinococcus granulosus, a causative agent of cystic hydatidosis in man. Methods:  This study was conducted on isolated protoscoleces from hydatid cysts infected livers collected from slaughterhouse of Tehran, Iran in 2016. Viability of protoscoleces was evaluated by dye test. Cryopreservation of isolated protoscoleces in the presence of Dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) and glycerol using a three-step cooling protocol involving an initial period at -20 °C, -80 °C and liquid nitrogen was performed. Results: The mean viability rate of 10% DMSO and 15% glycerol were 9% and 8% respectively. The protoscoleces of Echinococcus granulosus have been successfully thawed and recovered after 6 months storage in liquid nitrogen. Conclusion: Cryopreservation method needs to be improved for each species of helminthes and can be useful for other immunological and laboratorial studies. https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/19377 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/19377/6644

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 49 1 2020 01 07 37 45 Qing LU Xuzhou Central Hospital, Xuzhou 221009, P.R. China 2020 01 07 Background: Continuously deeper reform of public hospitals has put forward the need to innovate the philosophy and system of large medical equipment operation and management, and the phenomenon featuring “more attention to purchasing and less attention to management” need to be turned around. Methods: This research took use of information management to set up ID fields (unique number) for target stand-alone equipment; integrated statistics functions of HIS, PACS, LIS, RIS and equipment management system to get the basic operation data; informationized the work flow and reform technology to set up a post evaluation indictor system for the performance of stand-alone equipment; compared the service condition of newly purchased equipment with the feasibility application of relative department from various dimensions; designed objective post-evaluation indicators from various angles to scientifically manage existing medical equipment and support decision-making of new application for purchasing medical equipment. Results: Application performance of stand-alone equipment and clinical departments were ranked in a standardized manner. Decision-making mode based on data case of stand-alone equipment was set up. Net present value was evaluated. However, re-purchasing the instrument did not continuously increase the contribution of each instrument. The laboratory can purchase new instruments again, while the imaging department is not recommended to purchase. Conclusion: The performance evaluation mechanism based on information construction for large stand-alone medical equipment and its support for decision-making of purchasing is of great significance to improve the service life of equipment, exert the maximum effect and reduce economic waste. https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/19357 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/19357/6628

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 49 1 2020 01 08 193 195 Ahasanul HAQUE Department of Business Administration, International Islamic University Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia Naila ANWAR Department of Business Administration, International Islamic University Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia Farzana YASMIN Faculty of Science, Lincoln University, Jalan Stadium, Kelana Jaya, Malaysia Arun KUMAR TAROFDER Faculty of Business Management and Professional Studies, Management and Science University, Selangor, Malaysia Section 13, 40100 Shah Alam, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia Nazmul Mohammad Hassan MAZIZ Graduate School of Medicine, Perdana University, Jalan MAEPS, Perdana, Malaysia 2020 01 08 No Abstract https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/19384 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/19384/6648

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 49 1 2020 01 07 46 55 Se-Young JU Major in Food Science, College of Biomedical and Health Science, Konkuk University, Chungju, Korea 2020 01 07 Background: The quality of out-of-home foods is an increasingly important issue due to increasing popularity of eating out. The objective of this study was to analyze the relationship of eating-out frequency with general characteristics, dietary habits, and nutrient intakes among Korean adults. Methods: This study collected data from 2010- 2015 KNHANES. The total number of participants was 33,427 Korean adults aged 19 years and older. All statistical analyses were conducted using SAS software version 9.3.  Results: Eating-out more frequently was associated with younger, unmarried, employed, urban resident, higher income, higher education, and being male. Regarding dietary behavior, subjects with skipping breakfast and taking snack behavior showed a tendency to eat out more frequently. Meanwhile, energy, carbohydrate, protein, fat, and sodium intake were higher in subjects with ≥ 5/week eating-out frequency than those in subjects with < 5/week eating-out frequency. Conclusion: This study provides important insights into the effect of targeted public health education and policies. https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/19359 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/19359/6629

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 49 1 2020 01 08 196 197 Hengjun JIANG Scientific Research Department, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310003, Zhejiang, China Xingling CHEN The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310005, Zhejiang, China Yuxiu HU The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310005, Zhejiang, China Feng TAO The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310005, Zhejiang, China 2020 01 08 No Abstract https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/19385 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/19385/6649

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 49 1 2020 01 07 56 67 Chunyan QIU Department of Radiation Oncology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China Yue ZHANG Department of Radiation Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China Longhua CHEN Department of Radiation Oncology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China 2020 01 07 Background: Risk of colorectal cancer (CRC) is defined by genetic predisposition and environmental factors that often co-occur and interact, resulting in diversiform biological reactions. The present study attempted to investigate transcriptome alteration and adaptation associated with CRC progression. Methods: The study consisted of patients who presented at Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China with a colonic neoplasm in 1992-2004. Microarray GSE41258 of the study was acquired from Gene Expression Omnibus and 253 included microarrays were categorized by groups of normal colon, early primary tumor, lymph node metastases primary tumor, advanced primary tumor and distant metastases. Short Time-series Expression Miner (STEM) was applied to discover tumor grade-dependent gene expression patterns. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analyses were carried out to explore functional enrichment of differential expression genes (DEGs). Results: Overall, 2870 significant DEGs were screened out on all groups. Six significant grade-dependent gene expression patterns were statistically significant. DEGs in all significant patterns were mainly assembled in GO terms of metastases and deterioration of tumor, epithelial proteins and cytokines, and protein binding and bridging. DEGs in profile 0 down-regulated with higher tumor grade, prominently enriched in KEGG pathways of metabolism. Conclusion: Besides many well-known colorectal cancer-related pathways, DEGs of profiles especially those down-regulated with CRC progression, clustered in various metabolic pathways including starch and sucrose metabolism, fatty acid metabolism, nitrogen metabolism, as well as xenobiotics biotransformation that link to tumorigenesis, demonstrating the impairment of physiological metabolic pathways in the context of tumor progression. These results gave a high potential for therapeutic strategies. https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/19360 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/19360/6630

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 49 1 2020 01 08 198 200 Yong-Keum CHOI Department of Dental Hygiene, College of Health Science and Genome-Based BioIT Convergence Institute, Sun Moon University, Asan, South Korea Jin-Sun CHOI Department of Preventive and Public Health Dentistry, College of Dentistry and Research Institute of Oral Science, Gangneung-Wonju National University, Gangneung, South Korea 2020 01 08 No Abstract https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/19386 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/19386/6650

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 49 1 2020 01 07 68 76 Nurbek IGISSINOV Department of Surgical Diseases № 2, Astana Medical University, Nur-Sultan, Kazakhstan AND Department of Science and Analytic, International High School of Medicine, Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan AND Central Asian Cancer Institute, Nur-Sultan, Kazakhstan AND Eurasian Institute for Cancer Research, Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan Alma AUBAKIROVA Republican Center for Health Development, Nur-Sultan, Kazakhstan Galiya ORAZOVA Department of Public Health, Astana Medical University, Nur-Sultan, Kazakhstan Gulnur AKPOLATOVA 1. Central Asian Cancer Institute, Nur-Sultan, Kazakhstan 2. Department of General and Clinical Pharmacology, Astana Medical University, Nur-Sultan, Kazakhstan Saltanat URAZOVA Department of General Medical Practice № 2, Astana Medical University, Nur-Sultan, Kazakhstan Dinar Tarzhanova Central Asian Cancer Institute, Nur-Sultan, Kazakhstan AND Department of General and Clinical Pharmacology, Astana Medical University, Nur-Sultan, Kazakhstan Akmaral ZHANTUREYEVA Central Asian Cancer Institute, Nur-Sultan, Kazakhstan AND Department of General and Clinical Pharmacology, Astana Medical University, Nur-Sultan, Kazakhstan Yerlan KUANDYKOV Department of Family Medicine, South Kazakhstan Medical Academy, Shymkent, Kazakhstan 2020 01 07 Background: As a result of the road traffic accidents 1.25 mln. of working-age people die each year on the roads. Frequency of the RTA is 11 times higher in our country than in Europe, that influence on demographic and economic situation in the republic. Creation of the math modeling and prediction of traffic mortality rate in Kazakhstan will allow to develop measure on its decrease. Methods: Short-term dotted prediction of population mortality level of Kazakhstan was used, in particular – methods of regressive analysis. General prognosis throughout the country up to 2021 was made on the basis of data for 1999-2018. The more relevant method for prediction is exponential function taking into account the features of mortality rate level trend. Results: Prediction of traffic fatalities without division into the age-related groups for 2019 is 2132±181 case with a probability 2/3. Expected levels for 2020-2027 cases, for 2021-1927 cases. Annual mortality decrease rate according to the 0-19 age-related at an average is 6.4% among men and 5.8% among women, according to age group as a whole – by 6.2%; from 20 up to 64 age related group – 5.1 % on all population category; older 65 age –group is by 2.2 %, 3.7 % among men, 2.9% among women as a whole. Conclusion: In the foreseeable future the number of traffic deaths in Kazakhstan will tend to decrease at a slower pace. Mortality rates due to road traffic accidents among working-age men will be 3 times higher than women in this age group. https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/19361 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/19361/6631

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 49 1 2020 01 08 201 202 Ammar N.H. ALBUJEER Nab’a Al-Hayat Foundation for Medical Sciences and Health Care, Najaf, Iraq AND School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain AND School of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Mohammad Reza KHAMI School of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran AND Research Center for Caries Prevention, Dentistry Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Alya ALMAHAFDHA School of Medicine, International Campus, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran 2020 01 08 No Abstract https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/19387 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/19387/6651

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 49 1 2020 01 07 77 85 Mehdi BAGHERI Clinical Research Development Unit, Imam Hossein Hospital, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran Mozhgan FAZLI School of Medicine, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran Sara SAEEDNIA School of Medicine, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran Majid GHOLAMI KHARANAGH Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran Naghmeh AHMADIANKIA School of Medicine, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran AND Cancer Prevention Research Center, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran 2020 01 07 Background: We aimed to assess the effect of sulforaphane (SFN) on breast cancer cell migration and also its effect on the expression of epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT) markers and β-catenin. Methods: This study was performed in Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran from 2017- 2018. In this experimental study, MDA-MB-231 cells were treated with different concentrations of SFN (5, 10, 20, 30 and 40 μM) at different time points of 24, 48, and 72 h. The control group was untreated cells. The inhibitory effects of different concentrations of SFN on cell migration at different time points were evaluated using scratch assay. Moreover, apoptosis was assessed by using flow cytometric analysis. The expression of βcatenin and EMT markers of ZEB1, fibronectin, and claudin-1 were determined by real-time PCR. Western blotting analysis of β-catenin was applied to determine its changes after SFN treatment Results: SFN markedly inhibited the migration of cells at concentrations of 10, 20, 30, and 40µM after 24, 48, and 72 h. At relatively, high concentrations (30, 40µM), SFN induced apoptosis. Moreover, SFN reduced the gene expression of ZEB1, fibronectin, and claudin-1 after 72 h. The expression of β-catenin revealed a time-dependent decrease at the concentration of 40 µM SFN. Conclusion: Downregulation of EMT markers and β-catenin showed accordance with the inhibition of migration. SFN could be a promising drug candidate to reduce metastasis in breast cancer. https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/19363 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/19363/6632

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 49 1 2020 01 08 203 205 Arlin ADAM Department of Health Education and Behavioral Science, Faculty of Public Health, Pejuang Republic of Indonesia University, Makassar, Indonesia Andi ALIM Department of Health Policy Administration, Faculty of Public Health, Pejuang Republic of Indonesia University, Makassar, Indonesia Dedy MAULANA Department of Health Promotion, Faculty of Public Health, Pejuang Republic of Indonesia University, Makassar, Indonesia 2020 01 08 No Abstract https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/19388 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/19388/6652

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 49 1 2020 01 07 86 95 Hossein MIRZAEI HIV/STI Surveillance Research Center, WHO Collaborating Center for HIV Surveillance, Institute for Futures Studies in Health, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran Zhaleh ABDI National Institute for Health Research (NIHR), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Elham AHMADNEZHAD National Institute for Health Research (NIHR), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Mahshad GOHRIMEHR National Institute for Health Research (NIHR), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Elham ABDALMALEKI National Institute for Health Research (NIHR), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Rezvaneh ALVANDI National Institute for Health Research (NIHR), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Iraj HARIRCHI School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran 2020 01 07 Background: The aim of this study was to evaluate the health status of the Iranians following the sustainable development goals’ (SDGs) introduction and the recent health reform implementation in Iran and to compare with those of the Middle East and North Africa region (MENA) and global average. Methods: This comparative study used secondary data to investigate socio-demographic and health status indicators. The sources included census, population-based surveys and death registries. Global and regional health status indicators were obtained from international databases including WHO, the World Bank and the Institute for Health Metric and Evaluation (IHME). Results: Life expectancy and human development index improved following the reform implementation. Among causes of death, 74.6% were attributed to non-communicable diseases (NCDs). There was an increasing trend in risk factors for NCDs in Iran, while at the same time neonatal, infant and under-5 mortality rates reduced. Compared to the MENA, Iran has a lower maternal mortality ratio, neonatal, infant, and under-5 mortality rates, and a higher life expectancy. NCDs and road traffic injuries accounted for a larger portion of disability-adjusted life years in Iran compared to the MENA and worldwide. Conclusion: Actions against communicable diseases and road traffic injuries are required together with continued efforts to address NCDs. Although based on the results, Iran has relatively high rankings, there is a need ‎to develop a roadmap to accelerate achieving global health goals and SDGs targets.  https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/19365 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/19365/6633

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 49 1 2020 01 08 206 208 Ensiyeh JENABI Autism Spectrum Disorders Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran Salman KHAZAEI Research Center for Health Sciences, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran 2020 01 08 NO Abstract https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/19389 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/19389/6653

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 49 1 2020 01 07 96 103 Laleh HOVEIDA Department of Biology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran Behrooz ATAEI Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran Nour AMIRMOZAFARI Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Zahra NOORMOHAMMADI Department of Biology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran 2020 01 07 Background: The presence and diversity of Staphylococcus species and their enterotoxin-encoding genes in foodstuffs have not been comprehensively studied in some developing countries. This study aimed to assess the frequency of Staphylococcus spp. and their related virulence factors in foodstuffs in Isfahan, Iran. Methods: Overall, 139 foodstuff samples, collected from Isfahan City (center of Iran) from Sep 2015 to Oct 2016, were processed for the presence of Staphylococcus spp. using standard bacteriological procedures and sequence analysis of 16S rRNA gene. Antimicrobial susceptibilities and prevalence of mecA and toxin-encoded genes (sea, seb, sed, see and tsst1) were tested for all of the Staphylococcal isolates. Results: Forty-four Gram-positive cocci were recovered from 139 dairy and meat samples. The most prevalent species were S. vitulinus 25.0% (11/44) and S. aureus 20.5% (9/44); respectively. The most prevalent antimicrobial resistance was noted towards penicillin, cefoxitin and tetracycline. The sec, sea, see and tsst1 genes were found in 19%, 9.5%, 3.5%, and 3.5% of the isolates, respectively. Conclusion: Numerous virulence factors were detected in different Staphylococcus spp. isolated from foodstuffs, more attention should be paid to the presence of the bacteria. Proper hygienic and management practices should be considered in order to increase food safety and prevent extra treatment costs. https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/19366 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/19366/6634

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 49 1 2020 01 08 209 210 Fatemeh RAZAVI Pharmaceutical Sciences Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran AND Chronic Respiratory Diseases Research Center, National Research Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Sara SHEIKHOLESLAMI Cellular and Molecular Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medi-cal Sciences, Tehran, Iran Marjan ZARIF YEGANEH Cellular and Molecular Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medi-cal Sciences, Tehran, Iran Tahereh NAJI Pharmaceutical Sciences Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran Mehdi HEDAYATI Cellular and Molecular Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medi-cal Sciences, Tehran, Iran 2020 01 08 No Abstract https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/19390 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/19390/6654

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 49 1 2020 01 07 104 113 Shirin DJALALINIA Deputy of Research and Technology, Ministry of Health and Medical Education, Tehran, Iran AND Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Mohammad Bagher TALEI Deputy of Research and Technology, Ministry of Health and Medical Education, Tehran, Iran Abbas NAJJARI Deputy of Research and Technology, Ministry of Health and Medical Education, Tehran, Iran Mohammad Reza BAGHERI Deputy of Research and Technology, Ministry of Health and Medical Education, Tehran, Iran Shahin AKHONDZADEH Deputy of Research and Technology, Ministry of Health and Medical Education, Tehran, Iran AND Psychiatric Research Center, Roozbeh Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Reza MALEKZADEH Deputy of Research and Technology, Ministry of Health and Medical Education, Tehran, Iran AND Digestive Diseases Research Center, Shariati Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Asghar EBADIFAR Deputy of Research and Technology, Ministry of Health and Medical Education, Tehran, Iran AND Dentofacial Deformities Research Center, Research Institute of Dental Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran 2020 01 07 Background: Health research networks (HRNs) are critical components of large-scale systems of production and validation of scientific evidence. As evaluation of research systems is a reliable process to measure efficiency and effectiveness of their activities, we aimed to report the processes of development of evaluation indicators’ for Iranian health research networks and the results of conducted assessment. Methods: In 2017, for the first time, aim to develop the evaluation framework for national HRNs, following the qualitative approach to assess the quality of research we designed the peer review method as one of the most important tools. This qualitative method was conducted according to experts’ views in specific fields. Key policy makers and stakeholders collaboratively developed a number of criteria for evaluation of research performance of Iranian HRNs. Following the review of conducted studies, benefitting from published guide line, these indicators were defined under 4 main axes of governance and leadership; infrastructures; research products and research impact. Results: Based on requirements of developed protocol for evaluation of HRNs in Iran, 18 HRNs completed the processes of evaluation. Results show a progressive need for more attention to precise planning of HRNs for achieving to goals. Another point to consider is the attention to documenting processes. The observational system for researches for detection of latest research priority was the most important issues that need to be more addressed by all of networks. Conclusion: Research evaluation of Iranian HRNs more over creating of constructive positive competition provide an overview of the shortcomings and research challenges could be used for better planning and promotion of the health research system. https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/19367 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/19367/6635

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 49 1 2020 01 07 114 124 Soraya FATHOLLAHI Department of Emergencies and Disaster Health, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran AND Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Sahar SAEEDI MOGHADDAM Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran AND Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Mohammad Ali MANSOURNIA Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Mahmoud RAHIMI Department of Urban Planning, Faculty of Architecture and Urban Planning, Islamic Azad University, Central Tehran Branch, Tehran, Iran Mehdi ZARE International Institute of Earthquake Engineering and Seismology, Tehran, Iran Ali ARDALAN Department of Emergencies and Disaster Health, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran AND Harvard Humanitarian Initiative, Harvard University, Cambridge, USA Ali SHEIDAEI Department of Biostatistics, School of Paramedical Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Niloofar PEYKARI Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran AND Development of Research and Technology Center, Deputy of Research and Technology, Ministry of Health and M