Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 45 5 2016 05 25 569 577 Eunju LIM Red Cross College of Nursing, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea 2016 05 25 2016 05 25 Background: Fear of falling is not only a risk factor for falls, but it is also an important clinical predictor of functional decline in older adults. This study identified sex differences in fear of falling and related factors in older adults with low grip strength. Methods: The data of 902 older adults from the 2012 Korean National Survey, conducted as a research project by the Korea Employment Information Service, were analyzed. Grip strength, activities of daily living, cognitive function, depressive symptoms, and fear of falling were assessed. Multiple regression analysis was performed by a simultaneous data entry method. Results: Fear of falling was greater in older women with low grip strength than in their male equivalents (P<0.001). Regression analysis showed that age, fall experience within the previous 2 yr, activities of daily living, and depressive symptoms collectively accounted for 15.3% (P<0.001) of the variance among men. Meanwhile, age, fall experience within the previous 2 yr, grip strength, activities of daily living, and depressive symptoms collectively accounted for 13.4% (P<0.001) of the variance among women. Conclusion: Thus, the predictors of fear of falling differ between older men and women with low grip strength. Therefore, sex differences must be considered when developing intervention strategies for reducing fear of falling in this demographic.     https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/6792 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/6792/5406

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 45 5 2016 05 25 558 568 Sana ULLAH Dept. of Animal Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan Khaista RAHMAN Dept. of Biotechnology, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan Mehdi HEDAYATI Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Iran 2016 05 25 2016 05 25 Background: Hyperbilirubinemia, or jaundice, is a life threatening disorder in newborns. It is a multifactorial disorder with many symptoms. Generally, the physiological jaundice is the most prevalent type however in some regions pathological jaundice is also common. This review article focuses on a brief introduction to jaundice, its types and causes, measuring the bilirubin level, clinical approaches towards hyperbilirubinemia, different precautionary measures for the parents of babies suffering from hyperbilirubinemia and different remedial therapeutic measures for its treatment. Methods: The main databases including Scopus, Pubmed, MEDLINE, Google scholar and Science Direct were researched to obtain the original papers related to the newborns’ hyperbilirubinemia. The main terms used to literature search were “newborns’ hyperbilirubinemia”, “newborns’ jaundice”, “Physiological Jaundice” and “Patholigical Jaundice”. The timeframe included the obtained articles was from 1952 to 2015.    Results: Neonatal jaundice due to breast milk feeding is also sometimes observed. Hemolytic jaundice occurs because of the incompatibility of blood groups with ABO and Rh factors, when the fetus and mother blood groups are not compatible and the fetus blood crosses the barrier of the umbilical cord before birth causing fetus blood hemolysis owing to severe immune response. Conclusion: Jaundice is easily diagnosable however require quick and on the spot treatment. If not treated properly, it leads to many complications. Currently the treatment options for jaundice include photo therapy, chemotherapy, and vaccinations.     https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/6791 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/6791/5405

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 45 5 2016 05 25 688 689 Abdullah SARWAR Faculty of Management, Multimedia University, Cyberjaya, Selangor 63100, Malaysia David YONG GUN FIE Faculty of Management, Multimedia University, Cyberjaya, Selangor 63100, Malaysia Suhaimi MHD SARIF Faculty of Economics & Management Sciences, International Islamic University Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia Seyed Rajab NIKHSHEMI Dept. of Marketing, Sunway Business School, Selangor, Malaysia 2016 05 25 2016 05 25 No Abstract  https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/6805 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/6805/5419

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 45 5 2016 05 25 578 585 Zhi-Ze CHEN Dept. of Anesthesiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China 2016 05 25 2016 05 25 Background: Osteosarcoma is a malignant tumor with high mortality but effective therapy has not yet been developed. Berberine, an isoquinoline alkaloid component in several Chinese herbs including Huanglian, has been shown to induce growth inhibition and the apoptosis of certain cancer cells. The aim of this study was to determine the role of berberine on human osteosarcoma cell lines U2OS and its potential mechanism. Methods: The proliferation effect of U20S was exanimed by 3- (4,5)-dimethylthiahiazo (-z-y1)-3,5-di- phenytetrazoliumromide (MTT) and the percentage of apoptotic cells were determined by flow cytometric analysis. The expression of PI3K, p-Akt, Bax, Bcl-2, cleavage-PARP and Caspase3 were detected by Western blott. Results: Berberine treatment caused dose- dependent inhibiting proliferation and inducing apoptosis of U20S cell. Mechanistically, berberine inhibits PI3K/AKT activation that, in turn, results in up-regulating the expression of Bax, and PARP and down-regulating the expression of Bcl-2 and caspase3. In all, berberine can suppress the proliferation and induce the apoptosis of U2OS cell through inhibiting the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway activation. Conclusion: Berberine can suppress the proliferation and induce the apoptosis of U2OS cell through inhibiting the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway activation.     https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/6793 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/6793/5407

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 45 5 2016 05 25 690 692 Barbara JANKOWIAK Dept. of Integrated Medical Care, Medical University of Białystok, Poland Beata KOWALEWSKA Dept. of Integrated Medical Care, Medical University of Białystok, Poland Dzmitry FIODARAVICH KHVORIK Dept. of Dermatovenerology, Medical University of Grodno, Belarus Elżbieta KRAJEWSKA – KUŁAK Dept. of Integrated Medical Care, Medical University of Białystok, Poland Wiaczesław NICZYPORUK Medical Institute, Lomza State University of Applied Sciences, Poland 2016 05 25 2016 05 25 No Abstract.  https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/6806 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/6806/5420

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 45 5 2016 05 25 586 595 Ismail TUKUR Dept. of Social and Preventive Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala-Lumpur, Malaysia Chan CHEEKHOON Dept. of Social and Preventive Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala-Lumpur, Malaysia Tin TINSU Dept. of Social and Preventive Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala-Lumpur, Malaysia Tukur MUHAMMED- BABA Dept. of Sociology Usman-Danfodio Sokoto State, Nigeria Munir’deen ADEREMI IJAIYA Dept. of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Ilorin, Nigeria 2016 05 25 2016 05 25 Background: In many sub-Saharan African countries the rate of antenatal care (ANC) has been increased but skilled birth attendance rate is still low. The objective of this study was to evaluate the reasons why women prefer home delivery when facility based delivery is available at minimal cost. Methods: This study was conducted in Northwest Nigeria using a qualitative method (phenomenology) among five categories of women in April – May 2013. This study investigated different categories of women (those that never attend ANC nor deliver in the facility, those that attend ANC but delivered at home and those that delivered once in the facility but fail to return in subsequent deliveries, the in-laws and facilities staff). Results: Through focus group discussions and In-depth interviews several reasons why women are averse to hospital deliveries were identified. Women reported ignorance, abuse, illiteracy, and poverty, and low esteem, poor attitude of health workers, few working hours and some integrated health services like preventing mother to child transmission of HIV testing as deterrents, while cheap and accessible services were reasons for preference to traditional birth attendants. Conclusions: The findings highlighted important entrenched barriers to facility deliveries among women, which is basically socio-cultural and economic. Therefore emphasis must be given to health education program to ensure comprehensive and target specific messages that will address individual needs of the groups.   https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/6794 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/6794/5408

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 45 5 2016 05 25 693 695 Saeideh BABASHAHY Dept. of Healthcare Administration, School of Economics, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey Abdolvahab BAGHBANIAN Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Sydney AND School of Built Environment, University of Technology, Sydney, Australia Saeed MANAVI Ministry of Health and Medical Education, Tehran, Iran Ali AK­BARI SARI Dept. of Health Economics and Management, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Alireza OLYAEE MANESH Dept. of Health Economics and Management, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Shahram GHAFFARI Social Security Insurance Organization, Tehran, Iran Kambiz MONAZZAM Ministry of Health and Medical Education, Tehran, Iran Raziyeh RONASIYAN Ministry of Health and Medical Education, Tehran, Iran Abbas VOSOOGH Ministry of Health and Medical Education, Tehran, Iran Hamid RAVAGHI Ministry of Health and Medical Education, Tehran, Iran Saeed KERMANCHI Ministry of Health and Medical Education, Tehran, Iran Seyyed Moussa TABATABAEI LOTFI Ministry of Health and Medical Education, Tehran, Iran Fatemeh TORABI Ministry of Health and Medical Education, Tehran, Iran 2016 05 25 2016 05 25 No Abstract. https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/6807 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/6807/5421

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 45 5 2016 05 25 596 605 Qicai CHEN Dept. of Prevention and Health Care, Dongying Shengli Oilfield Central Hospital, Dongying, China Juan XIAO Dept. of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Shandong University, Jinan, China Pengpeng ZHANG Dept. of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Shandong University, Jinan, China AND Tianjin Entry-Exit Inspections and Quarantine Bureau, Tianjin, China Lili CHEN Dept. of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Shandong University, Jinan, China AND Dept. of Nutrition and Food Safety, Zhejiang Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, China Xiaoxiao CHEN Dept. of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Shandong University, Jinan, China Shumei WANG Dept. of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Shandong University, Jinan, China 2016 05 25 2016 05 25 Background: Increasing serum levels of uric acid (SUA) after menopause in women brought up a hypothesis that estrogenic effect may protectively regulate SUA. Estrogenic effect is a major etiology of uterine fibroids and fibrocystic breast disease. The study ainiversity of Niš, Niš, Serbia 2. Center for Informatics and Biostatistics in Health Care, Institute of Public Health Niš, Niš, Serbia 2023 03 07 2023 09 18 Background: We aimed to evaluate the quality of the cause of death (COD) concerning mortality patterns and completeness of death registration to identify areas for improvement in Serbia. Methods: COD data collected from the mortality register in Serbia from 2005 to 2019 (1540615 deaths) were analyzed with the software Analysis of National Causes of Death for Action. The Vital Statistics Performance Index for Quality (VSPI(Q)) is estimated for the overall COD data quality. Results: The completeness of death certification was higher than 98%. Usable underlying COD was registered in 57%, 24.1% with an unusable and 18.6% with insufficiently specified COD. The VSPI(Q) was 67.2%, denoting medium quality. The typical error was using intermediate COD (24.7% of all deaths), while 13.2% and 8.5% of all garbage codes (GC) belonged to the Very High and High Severity classes. The leading underlying COD is unspecified cardiomyopathy. The analysis revealed that 39.1% of GC has been redistributed to non-communicable diseases, 2.5% to external causes and 1.1% to communicable diseases. Conclusion: In the 15 years' worth of data analyzed, the true underlying COD, in many cases, was ill-defined, indicating that COD data at the national level could be distorted. The additional and continuous professional education of medical students as well as physicians is needed. It should focus on the most common GC among the leading COD and acquiring skills in certifying external causes of death. https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/31410 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/31410/8285

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 53 7 2024 07 07 1496 1507 EN Arman Karimi Behnagh Endocrine Research Center, Institute of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Maryam Eghbali Endocrine Research Center, Institute of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Fereshteh Abdolmaleki Endocrine Research Center, Institute of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Omolbanin Asadi Ghadikolaei Endocrine Research Center, Institute of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Parisa Rezazadeh Asl Endocrine Research Center, Institute of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Mandana Afsharpad Cancer Control Research Center, Cancer Control Foundation, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Sara Cheraghi Endocrine Research Center, Institute of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Maryam Honardoost Endocrine Research Center, Institute of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran 2023 05 31 2023 12 19 Background: BRAF V600E mutation is proved critical in the progression and invasion of thyroid cancer, and as a prognostic biomarker. As anaplastic thyroid cancer (ATC) is a rare and aggressive form of thyroid cancer, this study was conducted to provide a view on prevalence of BRAF V600E as well as the best molecular diagnostic method in ATC patients. Methods: A comprehensive literature search was performed from their inception to Oct 2022 in PubMed, Scopus, Google Scholar, and Web of Science (WoS). The data of the prevalence of ATC were extracted. Moreover, the diagnostic feature of the available diagnostic tools was extracted to measure the sensitivity and specificity. To pool the prevalence data, we used meta-proportion analysis and diagnostic meta-analysis was conducted to determine the specificity and sensitivity of the immunohistochemistry method in detecting BRAF V600E mutation among patients with ATC. Results: Overall, 34 studies were included in this meta-analysis. The incidence of BRAF V600E was shown 33% in the 978 patients. The sensitivity and specificity of IHC in detecting BRAF V600E were detected 78.9% (95%CI: 60.1-97.2), and 69.7% (95%CI: 41.2-98.1), respectively. Conclusion: IHC had an acceptable prognostic profile for detecting BRAF V600E in ATC patients. The diagnosis of BRAF mutation is critical in clinical trials and may be helpful for choosing proper-targeted therapy strategies in ATC patients. https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/32167 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/32167/8282

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 53 7 2024 07 07 1691 1692 Zahra Kiani Midwifery and Reproductive Health Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Masoumeh Simbar 1. Midwifery and Reproductive Health Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran 2. Department of Midwifery and Reproductive Health, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran 2023 10 02 2023 12 10 No Abstract No Abstract No Abstract https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/33351 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/33351/8303

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 53 7 2024 07 07 1537 1548 EN Boya Fan Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck surgery, The 306th Hospital of PLA- Peking University Teaching Hospital Gang Wang Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, PLA Strategic Support Force Characteristic Medical Center Wei Wu Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck surgery, The 306th Hospital of PLA- Peking University Teaching Hospital 2023 02 25 2023 08 14 Background: Occupational hearing loss of workers exposed to impulse noise and workers exposed to steady noise for a long time may have different clinical characteristics. Methods: As of May 2019, all 92 servicemen working in a weapon experimental field exposed to impulse noise for over 1 year were collected as the impulse noise group. As of Dec 2019, all 78 servicemen working in an engine working experimental field exposed to steady noise for over 1 year were collected as the steady noise group. The propensity score matching (PSM) model was used to eliminate the imbalance of age and working time between the two groups of subjects. After propensity score matching, 51 subjects in each group were finally included in the study. The machine learning model is constructed according to pure tone auditory threshold, and the performance of the machine learning model is evaluated by accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, and AUC. Results: Subjects in the impulse noise group and the steady noise group had significant hearing loss at high frequencies. The hearing of the steady noise group was worse than that of the impulse noise group at speech frequency especially at the frequency of 1 kHz. Among machine learning models, XGBoost has the best prediction and classification performance. Conclusion: The pure tone auditory threshold of subjects in both groups decreased and at high frequency. The hearing of the steady noise group at 1 kHz was significantly worse than that of the impulse noise group. XGBoost is the best model to predict the classification of our two groups. Our research can guide the prevention of damage caused by different types of noises. https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/31323 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/31323/8286

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 53 7 2024 07 07 1693 1694 Mohammadreza Maleki Department of Healthcare Services Management, School of Health Management and Information Sciences, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Niusha Shahidi Sadeghi Department of Healthcare Services Management, School of Health Management and Information Sciences, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Bahram Mohaghegh Department of Public Health, School of Health, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran Hassan Abolghasem Gorji Department of Healthcare Services Management, School of Health Management and Information Sciences, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Ali Ghadakchi Deputy of Management Development and Resources, Ministry of Health, Tehran, Iran 2020 08 30 2020 10 14 No Abstract No Abstract No Abstract https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/22032 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/22032/8304

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 53 7 2024 07 07 1549 1559 Anwar Daud Department of Environmental Health, University of Hasanuddin, Makassar, Indonesia Hasanuddin Ishak Department of Environmental Health, University of Hasanuddin, Makassar, Indonesia Erniwati Ibrahim Department of Environmental Health, University of Hasanuddin, Makassar, Indonesia Basir Basir Department of Environmental Health, University of Hasanuddin, Makassar, Indonesia Agus Birawida Department of Environmental Health, University of Hasanuddin, Makassar, Indonesia Rizky Syam Department of Health Promotion and Behavioral Sciences, University of Hasanuddin, Makassar, Indonesia Andi Arundana Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia Abdul Gafur Department of Environmental Health, Moslem University of Indonesia, Makassar, Indonesia 2023 07 28 2023 10 20 Background: The increasing accumulation of plastic waste is the most serious threat to the marine ecosystem. People who still have the habit of disposing of solid waste, especially plastic-type waste, in the marine environment have led to the discovery of microplastic content in various marine biota such as fish and shellfish. We aimed to assess the environmental health risks of microplastics due to consumption of marine life in the coastal area. Methods: We used an observational method with the Environmental Health Risk Assessment (EHRA) design to analyze the health risks of humans consuming fish and shellfish containing microplastics. This research was conducted in the coastal area of ​​Takalar Regency, Indonesia in 2022. The samples used consisted of human (n = 30) and marine biota (fish, n=20; shellfish, n=20) samples. The data were obtained from observations, physical measurements of biota, laboratory tests, polymer type identification by Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, and microscopy. Results: The average concentration of microplastics containing styrene compounds in shellfish was 2.01 mg/kg. The abundance of MPs in the fish and shellfish samples was 0.01 particles/g or 10 particles/kg in fish and 7 particles/individual in shellfish. The MPs were found in line, fragment, film, and pellet forms, with different size and color variations. The average MPs exposure risk level (RQ value) for both fish and shellfish was 0.02. Conclusion: All samples had RQ values < 1, which means that the microplastic-containing tofu shellfish were still safe for consumption by people living in the Takalar coastal area. https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/32708 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/32708/8287

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 53 7 2024 07 07 1560 1568 Yeting Chang Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116000, China Qin Yu Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Zhongshan Hospital of Dalian University, Dalian, 116000, China 2023 09 04 2024 07 07 Background: To investigate the effects of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs) on blood pressure, blood glucose and blood lipid in diabetic patients with hypertension. Methods: A total of 300 diabetic patients and essential hypertension admitted to our hospital from January 2021 to December 2022 were selected, and divided into an observation group and a control group using a random number table method. The control group was treated with conventional antihypertensive drugs, hypoglycemic drugs, and lipid-lowering drugs. The observation group was supplemented with liraglutide on the basis of the control group. Blood pressure, blood glucose and blood lipid of the two groups were compared at the initial stage of medication and after 4 weeks and half a year, and the influencing factors of patients with persistent hypertension were further analyzed through Logistic regression. Results: After 4 weeks and 6 months of medication, inter group comparisons showed that systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), fasting blood glucose (FBG) and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), as well as total cholesterol (TC), triacylglycerol (TG), and plasma arteriosclerosis index (AIP) in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group (Ρ <0.05). Multivariate Logistic regression model analysis showed that age, smoking history, drinking history, taking conventional antihypertensive drugs, taking hypoglycemic drugs, taking lipid-lowering drugs, BMI, FBG, HbA1c and LDL-C were independent influencing factors for persistent hypertension (Ρ<0.05). Conclusion: GLP-1RAs can effectively improve the indexes including blood pressure, blood glucose and blood lipid in diabetic patients with hypertension. https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/33123 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/33123/8288

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 53 7 2024 07 07 1569 1577 EN Abdurrahman Gülmez Istanbul Basaksehir Cam and Sakura City Hospital, Medical Microbiology Laboratory, Istanbul, Turkey Özgür Appak Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Virology Unit, Dokuz Eylul University, Izmir, Turkey Arzu Nazlı Zeka Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Dokuz Eylul University, Izmir, Turkey Nuran Esen Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Dokuz Eylul University, Izmir, Turkey Ayça Arzu Sayıner Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Virology Unit, Dokuz Eylul University, Izmir, Turkey 2022 12 08 2023 09 18 Background: We aimed to evaluate the performance of the current algorithm the HIV diagnosis that has been performed for four years. Results of HIV Ag/Ab tests, anti-HIV 1/2 confirmatory tests, HIV-1 RNA tests and the time for official results to be approved were evaluated. Methods: The relationship of HIV Ag/Ab tests, anti-HIV 1/2 confirmation tests and HIV-1 RNA PCR tests, their result times and suitability to the algorithm were examined at Izmir Dokuz Eylül University between May 2017 and June 2021. Results: HIV Ag/Ab ELISA was reactive repetitively in 165/54628 (0.30%) serum samples. Anti-HIV 1/2 confir-mation test was reactive in 54.42% (80/147) of samples. The most common pattern (18.2%) in the con-firmation tests was the positivity of the antibodies against gp160 - gp41 envelope glycoproteins together. The mean reporting time of the confirmation test result was 3h 50 min after the ELISA test. The mean reporting time of the HIV-1 RNA PCR was 12.79 d (±10.22) after the ELISA test and 12.63 (± 10.12) day after the confirmation test. In ROC analysis, the estimated rate of the ELISA test for the confirmation test was highest when S/CO was >13.16 (sensitivity: 97.59 %, specificity: 97.59%). Conclusion: The confirmation test in the current algorithm enabled the rapid test results, early diagnosis of HIV and early antiretroviral therapy. To use the new algorithm effectively, decentralization of the validation tests would be appropriate. https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/30604 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/30604/8289

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 53 7 2024 07 07 1578 1587 Eui-Jin Han Department of Airline Service, Honam University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea Lei Cai Department of Airline Service, Honam University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea 2024 06 02 2024 07 07 Background: We analyzed the effects of psychological capital on organizational commitment and turnover intention among flight attendants at a Korean airline and the mediating effect of organizational commitment. Methods: Data were collected through a 2022 survey of Korean flight attendants, yielding 297 responses. Model reliability and validity were assessed to confirm hypotheses. Results: Hope had a significant negative effect on turnover intention P<0.05), whereas optimism and resilience did not have significant effects on turnover intention. Additionally, hope had a significant positive effect on normative and continuance commitment, unlike optimism and resilience, which did not have significant effects on normative commitment or continuance commitment. Both normative commitment and continuance commitment negatively influenced turnover intention. Organizational commitment mediated the relationship between psychological capital and turnover intention, reinforcing the positive impact of psychological capital on reducing turnover intention. Conclusion: This study underscores the significance of psychological capital in shaping organizational commitment and reducing turnover intention among Korean flight attendants. Strengthening psychological capital and fostering organizational commitment can bolster airline stability, competitiveness, and service quality. https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/35698 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/35698/8290

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 53 7 2024 07 07 1588 1597 Zhiqin Zhang Department of Physical Education, Anhui Jianzhu University, Hefei 230601, China Renwei Yang Department of Physical Education, Public Basic Course, Shanghai University of Finance and Economics Zhejiang College, Jinhua 321013, China Gang Sun School of Physical Education and Health Science, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, China Yong Wang Department of Physical Education, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China 2024 05 02 2024 07 07 Background: A decline in adolescent health holds significant repercussions for public health. Promoting exercise is essential to improve physical and mental health among youth. This study aimed to explore the effect of CrossFit training programs on the physical health and sociogenic somatic anxiety of adolescents. Methods: In March 2023, 100 adolescents were openly recruited from eight middle schools in Jinhua, China. The participants, wlisherName>Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 46 3 2017 03 14 357 367 Shadab SHAHRIARI Biosensor Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Cellular-Molecular Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Maryam BAKHSHI Biosensor Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Cellular-Molecular Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Ahmad Reza SHAHVERDI Biotechnology Research Center, School of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Azar BERAHMEH Dept. of Pathobiology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Farnaz SAFAVIFAR Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Mohammad Reza KHORRAMIZADEH Biosensor Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Cellular-Molecular Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran 2017 03 14 2017 03 14 Background: High temperatures have destructive effects on cancer cells by damaging proteins and structures within cells. Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) can act as drug delivery vehicles, especially for cancer therapy. Due to the selective intake of asparagine molecules into malignant cells, AuNPs were coated with asparagine; and CCRF-CEM human T-cell leukemia cells were treated with the new combination, Asn-AuNPs, at 39 °C. Methods: The co-authors from a number of collaborative labs located at Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran, have initiated the idea and preliminary design of this study in 2011. Hydroxyl surfaced AuNPs were preliminary prepared by tannin free ethanol extract of black tea leaves. These biogenic AuNPs were further capped with asparagines to form asparagine-gold nanoparticle conjugates (Asn-AuNP conjugates). Then CCRF-CEM human T-cell leukemia cells were separately treated with different concentrations of AuNPs and Asn-AuNP conjugates (3, 30, 300 µg/mL). MTT assay and zymography analysis were carried out, and the apoptotic and necrotic effects of Asn-AuNPs were determined in comparison with AuNPs, using flow cytometry assay. Results: Asn-AuNP conjugates at 300 µg/mL significantly inhibited MMPs at 39 °C, compared to AuNPs. In terms of cytotoxicity, a remarkable decrease was observed in the percentage of viable cells treated with Asn-AuNP conjugates, rather than AuNPs. Moreover, the AuNPs and Asn-AuNP conjugates enhanced the level of apoptosis at almost similar rates. Conclusion: AuNPs are coated with asparagine molecules and the temperature is slightly increased by 2 °C, the apoptosis is not only enhanced among cells but also shifts to necrosis in higher concentrations of Asn-AuNP conjugates. More investigations should be carried out to explain the exact mechanism underlying the necrotic effects of Asn-AuNPs.     https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/9390 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/9390/5647

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 46 3 2017 03 14 368 379 Neamatollah ATAEI Pediatric Chronic Kidney Disease Research Center, The Children's Hospital Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran AND Dept. of Pediatric Nephrology, The Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Masoud BAIKPOUR Dept. of Medicine, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Mostafa HOSSEINI Dept. of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Mahmoud YOUSEFIFARD Physiology Research Center and Dept. of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Mohammad FAYAZ Dept. of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Fatemeh ATAEI Pediatric Chronic Kidney Disease Research Center, The Children's Hospital Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran AND Dept. of Nuclear Medicine, Taleghani Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Arash ABBASI Pediatric Chronic Kidney Disease Research Center, The Children's Hospital Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran AND Dept. of Pediatric Nephrology, The Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran 2017 03 14 2017 03 14 Background: Normal standard references of blood pressure (BP) for children and adolescents should be constructed according to anthropometric indices. Therefore, we aimed to produce BP reference percentiles by body mass index (BMI). Methods: Data on demographic characteristics, anthropometric indices and BP values of 16246 3-18-year-old children and adolescents from 3 cross-sectional studies conducted in Tehran were included. To justify the need for BMI adjustment, quantile regression model was applied for different percentiles of systolic and diastolic BPs with age, sex, and the corresponding BMI percentiles. Then, Age- and sex-specific BP nomograms were constructed according to BMI. Results: All regression coefficients for BMI percentiles were significant in quantile regression of BPs, confirming the necessity for BMI-adjusted nomograms of BP. The BP percentiles for each gender by age and BMI are presented. All the BP percentiles rose steadily in all BMI percentiles with minor discrepancies between the two genders. As observed, the prevalence of hypertension is estimated to be lower among the lean subjects and higher among overweighs when the BMI-adjusted BP curves are considered. Conclusion: The reference database constructed in this survey is the first Iranian BP reference by age and BMI in children and adolescents, from it concluded that BMI-adjusted BP curves depict a more precise picture of the hypertension prevalence and present a more reliable classification standard for hypertension.     https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/9391 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/9391/5648

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 46 3 2017 03 14 380 388 Davood ESKANDARI Dept. of Occupational Health, School of Public Health, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Mohammad Javad JAFARI Dept. of Occupational Health, School of Public Health, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Yadollah MEHRABI Dept. of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Mostafa Pouyakian Dept. of Occupational Health, School of Public Health, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Hossein CHARKHAND Dept. of HSE, Arya Sasol Petrochemical Company, Bushehr, Iran Mostafa MIRGHOTBI Dept. of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran 2017 03 14 2017 03 14 Background: Technical, human, operational and organizational factors have been influencing the sequence of occupational accidents. Among them, organizational factors play a major role in causing occupational accidents. The aim of this research was to understand the Iranian safety experts’ experiences and perception of organizational factors. Methods: This qualitative study was conducted in 2015 by using the content analysis technique. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews with 17 safety experts working in Iranian universities and industries and analyzed with a conventional qualitative content analysis method using the MAXQDA software. Results: Eleven organizational factors’ sub-themes were identified: management commitment, management participation, employee involvement, communication, blame culture, education and training, job satisfaction, interpersonal relationship, supervision, continuous improvement, and reward system. The participants considered these factors as effective on occupational accidents. Conclusion: The mentioned 11 organizational factors are probably involved in occupational accidents in Iran. Naturally, improving organizational factors can increase the safety performance and reduce occupational accidents.     https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/9392 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/9392/5649

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 46 3 2017 03 14 389 395 Ghobad MORADI Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran Bakhtiar PIROOZI Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran Hossein SAFARI Dept. of Health Management and Economics, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Nader ESMAIL NASAB Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran Amjad MOHAMADI BOLBANABAD Dept. of Health Management and Economics, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Arezoo YARI Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran AND Dept. of Health in Emergencies and Disasters, School of Public Health, Tehran University Medical of Sciences, Tehran, Iran 2017 ty building of health professionals in the postnatal consultation and communication, and the development of a system of home visits for non-users of postnatal care allow improving the postnatal consultation rate.     https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/9115 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/9115/5608

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 46 2 2017 02 12 249 257 Mahnaz SAMADBEIK Dept. of Health Information Technology, School of Allied Medicine, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran Heshmatollah ASADI