Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 41 12 2012 12 15 1 7 Z Baradaran-Seyed Dept. of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran ; Knowledge Utilization Research Center (KURC), School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. R Majdzadeh 2015 10 15 Along with the global fervor over evidence based medicine (EBM), certain measures have been taken in Iran too. Many educational workshops and national and international seminars have been held. Multiple educational packages have been prepared and even included in the educational curriculum. In recent years, policies have been directed toward encouraging clinical guidelines, health technology assessment reports and policy briefs. Also, recently, the 'National Strategic Program in Evidence-Based Health Care in the Islamic Republic of Iran' has been defined by the Ministry of Health and Medical Education. In spite of all these efforts, studies that follow the uptake of evidence-based contents at the bedside show that EBM is not used in practice and at the bedside. The overall effect of the efforts mentioned is the knowledge promotion of the participants of the educational programs and or increasing their abilities in articles' critical appraisal; nothing has been added in the practice arena. It seems that, in Iran, EBM's current and future needs are to focus on its implementation, what is in other words called 'knowledge translation' or the application of scientific evidence. https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/4796 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/4796/4431

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 41 12 2012 12 15 8 18 A Sathiya Susuman Dept. of Statistics and Population Studies, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of the Western Cape, 7535 Bellville, Cape Town, South Africa. Hamisi F Hamisi 2015 10 15 The government of the United Republic of Tanzania has initiated the Integrated Management of Childhood Illness program to improve the health and wellbeing of children.Tanzania's under-five mortality rate is still 1.7 times higher than the world average and, in order to achieve its Millennium Development Goal 4 target, its annual reduction rate is quite low at 2.2. The main aim of the study is to examine under-five mortality combined with the Data from the Tanzania Demographic and Health Survey 2008 data was used. Odds ratios for infant and under-five mortality were estimated using logistic regression; crude and adjusting models were adopted.Mortality cases (18.3%) have been reported to children born with an interval of <24 months. Mothers with no education reported 14.6%, primary education mothers reported 11.1% and higher education reported only 5.3% (P<0.001). Therefore, maternal education plays is a major role on fertility and infant and under-five mortality behavior.Maternal education also influences a mother's behavior in her usage of available health services to improve the health of the children. Further in-depth analysis is immensely needed in this situation. https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/4795 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/4795/4430

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 41 12 2012 12 15 19 25 Dl Buso Walter Sisulu University, Faculty of Health Sciences, Mthatha, Eastern Cap, South Africa. B Longo-Mbenza P Bovet B van den Borne A Nge Okwe M Mzingelwa 2015 10 15 South Africa (SA) is experiencing a rapid epidemiologic transition as a consequence of political, economic and social changes. In this study we described, based on hospital data, the mortality patterns of Non communicable Diseases (NCD), Communicable Diseases (CD), the NCD/CD ratios, and the trends of deaths.We conducted a cross-sectional survey of all deaths occurring in several public hospitals in the Eastern Cape Province of SA between 2002 and 2006. Causes of deaths were coded according to the ICD 10 Edition.A total of 107380 admissions responded to the inclusion criteria between 2002 and 2006. The crude death rate was 4.3% (n=4566) with a mean age of 46±21 years and a sex ratio of 3.1 men (n=3453): 1 woman (n=1113). Out of all deaths, there were 62.9% NCD (n=2872) vs. 37.1% CD (n=1694) with NCD/CD ratio of 1.7. The ratio NCD/CD deaths in men was 1.3 (n=1951/1502) vs. NCD/CD deaths in women of 1.9 (n=735/378). The peak of deaths was observed in winter season. The majority of NCD deaths were at age of 30-64 years, whereas the highest rate of CD deaths was at age< 30 years. The trend of deaths including the majority of NCD, increased from 2002 to 2006. There was a tendency of increase in tuberculosis deaths, but a tendency of decrease in HIV/AIDS deaths was from 2002 to 2006.Non-communicable diseases are the leading causes of deaths in rural Eastern Cape province of SA facing Post-epidemiologic transition stages. We recommend overarching priority actions for the response to the Non-communicable Diseases: policy change, prevention, treatment, international cooperation, research, monitoring, accountability, and re-orientation of health systems. https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/4794 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/4794/4429

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 41 12 2012 12 15 26 29 Pw Orellano Argentine Ministry of Health, 9 de julio 1925 10º, 1073, Buenos Aires, Argentina. Ji Reynoso A Grassi A Palmieri O Uez O Carlino 2015 10 15 A retrospective cohort study, in the context of household transmission, to estimate the serial interval (SI) of pH1N1 influenza in the island of Tierra del Fuego was carried out.We collected data from the epidemiological surveillance system during disease outbreak in Ushuaia and Rio Grande, the two main cities of the southernmost province of Argentina. Only the records of patients and households with a positive result of RT-PCR assay for pH1N1 virus were used.A total of 283 laboratory confirmed cases were detected, from 550 samples analyzed. Hospitalizations were necessary in 13.8% of patients, yet no deaths were reported. Complete data of household contacts were available in 13 patients. We calculated an SI of 2.0 days (95% CI = 1.5 - 2.6 days), fitting to a log-normal distribution, the one that presented the best adjustment.These results were consistent with estimates of SI calculated from Mexico, but lower than estimations from Canada, Germany and USA. We discuss these differences in relation to limitations of the current study design. https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/4793 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/4793/4428

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 41 12 2012 12 15 30 39 Nr Ghorbani Dept. of Health Information Management, School of Health Management and Information Sciences, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. M Ahmadi F Sadoughi M Ghanei 2015 10 15 This study defines necessary data elements required for the research information system in the domain of health, and its level of accountability to national health research indicators from the experts' perspective is being explored.This qualitative study was conducted based on comparative approach using the focus group method. Data were collected through 6 semi-structured group discussions held at the Undersecretary for Research and Technology, Ministry of Health and Medical Education, Tehran, Iran. For this study, 48 researchers were selected for the group discussions. All interviews and group discussions were recorded and transcribed. The Data analysis was performed simultaneously using Strauss and Corbin method.BASED ON CONTENT ANALYSIS, THE NECESSARY DATA ELEMENTS IDENTIFIED FOR THE NATIONAL HEALTH RESEARCH INFORMATION SYSTEM DESIGNED FOR ALL DATABASES WERE THE FOLLOWING: organizations, researchers, journals, articles, research projects and dissertations. Also, extracted from the focus group discussion were three main themes regarding data elements of these databases for the National Health Research Information System: 1) essential elements for each database 2) the system's data elements accountability to the national indicators in the domain of health research and 3) recommendations in the direction of optimizing the data.The results obtained from this study can serve as a valuable source in designing research information system in the domain of health within the country and in the region as well. https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/4792 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/4792/4427

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 41 12 2012 12 15 40 46 A Mohammadpoorasl Dept. of Public Health, School of Public Health, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran. S Nedjat A Fakhari K Yazdani A Rahimi Foroushani A Fotouhi 2015 10 15 Substance abuse in adolescents and its often tragic consequences, including addiction, is one of the preventable major public health problems. The aims of this paper were to estimate the prevalence of substance abuse and to evaluate its some associated factors in adolescents of Tabriz City (northwest of Iran).A self-administered questionnaire was completed in 4903 randomly selected students with mean age of 15.7 years old. The aim of the questionnaire was obtaining information on substance abuse, socio-economical information, cigarette smoking behavior, general risk taking behavior, self-esteem, attitude towards smoking and self-injury as well as demographical characteristics.Prevalence of substance abuse was 1.4% (95% CI: 1.1-1.7) which was different statistically significant between boys (2.4%) and girls (0.6%) (P<0.001). Older age (OR=1.43), not living with parents (OR=2.34), having general risk taking behavior (OR=2.26), higher smoking stage (OR=2.39), lower self-esteem (OR=1.09) and positive attitude toward smoking (OR=1.08) were factors associated with student's ever use of substance.The result has shown low prevalence of substance abuse in Iranian adolescents. Our findings showed some associated factors such as lower self-esteem with adolescent's substance abuse. https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/4791 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/4791/4426

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 41 12 2012 12 15 47 53 M Zarebavani Dept. of Medical Laboratory Sciences, School of Allied Health Sciences, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. D Dargahi N Einollahi N Dashti M Mohebali M Rezaeian 2015 10 15 Giardia lamblia is one of the most important intestinal parasites. The aim of this study was to measure serum levels of IgA, IgE, zinc, copper, vitamin B12 and folate in individuals with giardiasis in comparison to normal subjects.The study was carried out among 49 Giardia positive and 39 age and sex matched healthy volunteers. Examination of stool samples was done by direct wet smear and formol-ether concentration method. Serum samples were obtained for further laboratory examination. IgA levels were measured by Single Radial Immune Diffusion (SRID). IgE levels were measured by ELISA kit. Zinc and copper levels was measured by Ziestchem Diagnostics Kit and colorimetric endpoint-method respectively. Vitamin B12 and folate levels were measured by DRG Diagnostics Kit and Enzyme Immunoassay method respectively. All data were analyzed using SPSS version 17.There was a statistically significant difference in IgA, IgE, copper and zinc levels between positive and negative groups (P<0.05). There was no significant difference between vitamin B12 and folate levels between the two groups. Mean values of Giardia positive and negative groups for IgA were 309.26 and 216.89 mg/dl, IgE 167.34 and 35.49 IU/ml, copper 309.74 and 253.61 μg/dl and zinc 69.41 and 144.75 μg/dl respectively.The results showed levels of IgA may correlate more closely with giardiasis than IgE. Regarding trace elements, giardiasis elevated serum copper levels, while it decreased serum zinc. Finally, there was no significant difference in serum levels of vitamin B12 and folic acid between the two groups. https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/4790 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/4790/4425

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 41 12 2012 12 15 54 59 Mm Akhondi Reproductive Biotechnology Research Center, Avicenna Research Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran. K Kamali F Ranjbar S Shafeghati Z Behjati Ardakani M Shirzad M Eslamifar K Mohammad M Parsaeian 2015 10 eting the study objectives were obtained from patients’ medical records spanning the 2015-2018 period. The sample for the study comprised of 985 postmenopausal women aged ≥ 50 yr who underwent bone mineral densitometry examination and received a FRAX score for major osteoporotic fractures and hip fractures with and without bone mineral density. The obtained FRAX scores were compared across the subjects with respect to the age of menopause onset and menopause duration. Results: The group that entered into menopause before the age of 45 had a high risk of hip fracture (OR: 1,652; 95% CI: 1,138 - 2,399; P<.01) and a higher mean FRAX score for hip fracture compared to women in whom menopause started after the age of 45 (Me=1.60 vs. 1.30, P<.004). FRAX scores were also correlated with menopause duration, and the difference between the groups with the longest (over 20 yr) and the shortest (1–10 yr) duration was statistically significant at P<.001. Conclusion: As menopause duration could contribute to the prediction of fracture risk, its inclusion in the FRAX algorithm should be considered, while also taking into account the age of menopause onset.   https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/26393 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/26393/7880

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 52 3 2023 03 02 476 487 Eliane De Oliveira Guedes De Aguiar 1. Postgraduate Program in Medical Sciences, State University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil 2. Laboratory of Mechanical Vibrations and Integrative Practices-LAVIMPI, Department of Biophysics and Biometry, Institute of Biology Roberto Alcântara Gomes and Polyclinic Piquet Carneiro, State University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil 3. Bezerra de Araújo College, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil Eloa Moreira Marconi 1. Laboratory of Mechanical Vibrations and Integrative Practices-LAVIMPI, Department of Biophysics and Biometry, Institute of Biology Roberto Alcântara Gomes and Polyclinic Piquet Carneiro, State University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil 2. Postgraduate Program in Clinical and Experimental Pathophysiology, State University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil Bruno Bessa Monteiro-Oliveira 1. Laboratory of Mechanical Vibrations and Integrative Practices-LAVIMPI, Department of Biophysics and Biometry, Institute of Biology Roberto Alcântara Gomes and Polyclinic Piquet Carneiro, State University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil 2. Bezerra de Araújo College, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil 3. Postgraduate Program in Clinical and Experimental Pathophysiology, State University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil Aline Cristina Gomes-Santos 1. Postgraduate Program in Medical Sciences, State University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil 2. Laboratory of Mechanical Vibrations and Integrative Practices-LAVIMPI, Department of Biophysics and Biometry, Institute of Biology Roberto Alcântara Gomes and Polyclinic Piquet Carneiro, State University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil 3. Postgraduate Program in Clinical and Experimental Pathophysiology, State University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil Ana Carolina Coelho Oliveira 1. Laboratory of Mechanical Vibrations and Integrative Practices-LAVIMPI, Department of Biophysics and Biometry, Institute of Biology Roberto Alcântara Gomes and Polyclinic Piquet Carneiro, State University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil 2. Postgraduate Program in Clinical and Experimental Pathophysiology, State University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil Laisa Liane Paineiras-Domingos Department of Physical Therapy, Multidisciplinary Institute of Rehabilitation and Health, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil Danubia Cunha Sá-Caputo 1. Postgraduate Program in Medical Sciences, State University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil 2. Laboratory of Mechanical Vibrations and Integrative Practices-LAVIMPI, Department of Biophysics and Biometry, Institute of Biology Roberto Alcântara Gomes and Polyclinic Piquet Carneiro, State University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil 3. Bezerra de Araújo College, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil Mario Bernardo Filho Laboratory of Mechanical Vibrations and Integrative Practices-LAVIMPI, Department of Biophysics and Bi-ometry, Institute of Biology Roberto Alcântara Gomes and Polyclinic Piquet Carneiro, State University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil 2022 05 04 2023 03 02 Background: Menopause is a natural phase in a woman's aging process. Menopause leads to the decrease of the estrogen levels, and in consequence the functionality worsening. Physical exercise can improve the functionality of postmenopausal woman. This review aimed to assess the effect of whole-body vibration exercise (WBVE) on the functionality of postmenopausal women. Methods: PRISMA guideline were used. Only English language were considered. Searches were conducted using relevant keywords for papers prior to Sep 16th, 2021, in Embase, Pubmed, The Cochrane Library, PEDro, SPORTDiscus, Scopus, Web of Science and CINAHL databases. Results: Eight articles were selected to be in this systematic review. The mean score of methodological quality was moderate, the risk of bias was low for two studies, high for four studies, and unclear for two studies. The level of evidence of the studies was II. Improvements on muscle strength, jump, balance and maximum trunk flexion strength in the post menopause woman were reported. Conclusion: This systematic review demonstrated the functionality increase in postmenopausal women through WBVE. WBVE has been recommended as a non-pharmacological option relevant to postmenopausal management, helping to control the decline in bone density and symptoms related to osteoporosis and sarcopenia. However, further studies are needed to reinforce these findings. https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/28595 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/28595/7875

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 52 3 2023 03 03 665 666 EN Antonio Iudici Department of Philosophy, Sociology, Education and Applied Psychology, University of Padova, Via Venezia, Padova, Italy Donata De Donà Department of Philosophy, Sociology, Education and Applied Psychology, University of Padova, Via Venezia, Padova, Italy Elena Faccio Department of Philosophy, Sociology, Education and Applied Psychology, University of Padova, Via Venezia, Padova, Italy Jessica Neri Department of Philosophy, Sociology, Education and Applied Psychology, University of Padova, Via Venezia, Padova, Italy Gianpiero Turchi Department of Philosophy, Sociology, Education and Applied Psychology, University of Padova, Via Venezia, Padova, Italy 2020 09 27 2020 12 28 No Abstract https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/22341 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/22341/7895

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 52 3 2023 03 02 542 552 Liang Wu Department of Emergency Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar 161006, China Yue Zhang Section of Chinese as a Foreign Language, International Education School, Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar 161006, China Chunlei Zheng Department of Surgical Oncology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar 161006, China Fuqiang Zhao Department of Surgical Oncology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar 161006, China Yan Lin Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine, Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar 161006, China 2022 09 28 2022 12 18 Background: The role of γ-aminobutyric acid receptor (GABR) in breast cancer (BC) is unknown. Methods: The expression of different GABR subunits between BC and adjacent normal tissues was compared using transcriptome data set. The clinical and prognostic importance of the various GABR subunit genes in BC was determined using clinical and survival data (Data downloaded from TCGA, May 2022). Only GABRD was discovered to be substantially expressed and strongly related to the prognosis of BC cases. Results: Compared with normal tissues, GABRD expression was increased in all subgroups of breast cancer tissues. Knockdown of GABRD inhibited the growth of BC cells. Mechanistically, the function of GABRD may be attributed to its effect on major pathways such as oxidative phosphorylation, Parkinson disease, and cell cycle. GABRD deletion significantly blocked the G2/M phase in BC cells. Conclusion: Overall, GABRD might be a novel prognostic predictor of BC, providing clues for further studies on GABRD. https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/29937 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/29937/7881

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 52 3 2023 03 02 488 499 Shoaib Ghasemi Student Research Committee, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Fatemeh Fasih-Ramandi Department of Occupational Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Mohammad Reza Monazzam Department of Occupational Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Soheila Khodakarim 1. Department of Epidemiology, School of Health and Safety, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran 2. Department of Biostatistics, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran 2021 12 20 2022 07 16 Background: White noise (WN), because of its unique behavior and characteristics, has different applications in different sciences. Nevertheless, the results of studies and reviews of the literature on occupational safety and health found that this type of noise is often used as a noise source to assess the effects of hearing and its physical characteristics. Its possible applications in this area have not received as much attention. The present review study aimed to answer the question, "Can WN be used as a means of promoting occupational safety and health at the workplace?". Methods: In this review, we reviewed the articles published in reputable databases from 1990 to 2020. Our study included 33 articles from 120 that were searched in full text and followed the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Results: Various applications were examined, including noise masking, white noise therapy, cognitive functions, and sleep. WN can enhance the work environment and meet occupational safety and health objectives based on the study's results. The results of this study will provide a basis for continuing research into the use of WN in the workplace as an engineering and management control method. Conclusion: WN is being used in various fields that may hold promise for its application in occupational health sciences and maintaining the well-being of workplace workers.   https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/27233 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/27233/7876

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 52 3 2023 03 03 667 668 Sung-Bum Ju Department of Physical Education, Busan National University of Education, Busan, South Korea 2020 05 11 2020 05 29 No Abstract https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/20763 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/20763/7896

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 52 3 2023 03 02 553 562 EN Dahye Park Department of Nursing, Semyung University, Jecheon-si, Chungcheongbuk-do, Republic of Korea Jeehye Jun School of Nu