Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 42 4 2013 04 15 347 357 Arash Rashidian Dept. of Health Management and Economics, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran ; Knowledge Utilization Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Eshagh Barfar Hamed Hosseini Shirin Nosratnejad Esmat Barooti 2015 10 15 Breast cancer is the leading cause of malignancy among women. Screening using mammography is proposed as an effective intervention for reducing early deaths due to breast cancer. We conducted a systematic review to assess the cost-effectiveness of such screening programs. We searched Medline, Scopus and Google Scholar and complemented it by other searches using sensitive search terms from 1993-2010. We screened the titles and abstracts, assessed the full texts of the remaining studies, and extracted data to a pre-designed data extraction sheet. Studies were categorized according to the age groups of the target population. We used narrative synthesis approaches for analyzing the data. Twenty-eight articles met the minimum inclusion criteria, mostly from high income settings. All studies used secondary data, and a variety of modeling techniques, age groups, screening intervals and outcome measures. Cost per life year gained, ranging from $1,634 (once at the age of 50 in India) to $65,000 (extending the lower age limit of screening to 40 Australian study), was the most commonly used outcome measure. Biennial screening test for those aged 50-70 years seems to be the most cost-effective option ($2685). Biennial screening for aged 50-70 years is the most cost-effective option among alternative scenarios. Screening those aged less than 50 is not recommended. Further studies in low-income and middle-income countries, and cost effectiveness studies along with randomized trials are required. To improve the comparability of the findings, future studies should include biennial screening in 50-70 age groups as an alternative strategy. https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/4588 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/4588/4235

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 42 4 2013 04 15 358 367 Yaojun Zhao School of Medicine and Health Management, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China. Zhen'ang Huo Jian Wu Shuangbao Xie Liang Zhang Zhanchun Feng 2015 10 15 This paper focus on the impact on the performance of health workers at village and township levels in the provision of a government stipulated package of basic public health service, which adopted the performance-related contracts mode.The concept of balanced scorecard was adopted and developed to gather the 11 evaluation indicators distributed in four quadrants. These were implemented using on-site questionnaire and interview design. Four thousand and twenty-one respondents at 30 administrative villages including 2674 respondents at 20 pilot villages and 1347 at 10 control villages were investigated. Meanwhile, 62 administration officials from three counties and nine townships were interviewed.Eight of 11 evaluation indicators were obviously better in pilot counties than in Control County, The remaining three indicators respectively represented that equal, inferior to control county, and could not clear judge.The performance of health workers at village and township levels in the provision of basic public health service in pilot counties, which adopted the performance-related contracts mode, is better than before and control county. https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/4586 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/4586/4233

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 42 4 2013 04 15 368 373 Pietro Ferrara Dept. of Paediatrics, Catholic University, "A. Gemelli" Hospital, Rome, Italy. Lorenza Romani Giorgia Bottaro Francesca Ianniello Giovanna Carmela Fabrizio Antonio Chiaretti Francesco Alvaro 2015 10 15 To evaluate physical and mental health in children in foster care and comparison with general population.The study is carried out between September 2011 and April 2012 into nine group homes in Rome. It involved 112 children ranging in age 2-17 years, living in temporary care facilities or institutes. All data came out of clinical history and physical exams, validated by a pediatrician. Such data were being then compared with samples of general population.Significant themes were high percentage of children with psychiatric disorders in foster care (22.3%); high percentage of psychiatric disorders diagnosed immediately while arriving at the foster care (56%); no significant differences in weight, height and BMI between children in foster care and general population; significant differences (P<0.05) for allergy, gastrointestinal diseases and caries between children in foster care and general population.The results suggest that the physical health of children in group homes is no worse than that of children living care in their own homes and that the foster care provides necessary conditions to support the growth of the children and their physical, mental and social needs. https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/4584 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/4584/4231

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 42 4 2013 04 15 374 379 Saule Zhumambayeva Dept. of Children Diseases N1, Astana Medical University, Astana, Kazakhstan. Rafail Rozenson Marina Morenko Mazhit Shaidarov Vera Zatonskikh Asem Kazangapova Zaure Zhumadilova Roza Zhumambayeva 2015 10 15 The aim was to study the peculiarities of differential diagnosis, prevention and treatment of different forms of rhinitis in Kazakhstan children and adolescents.124 children and adolescents aged 1-17 years were randomly enrolled in our hospital based study in 2010 and 2011. Skin prick tests and total serum IgE level were assessed in all allergic patients. Subcutaneous specific immunotherapy was performed in 57 (70.3%) allergic patients. For the treatment of the developed rhinitis, we used intranasal glucocorticosteroids in all 47 (37.9%) patients with rhinitis medicamentosa.Allergic rhinitis was diagnosed in 81 (65.3%), infectious rhinitis in 43 (34.7%) and rhinitis medicamentosa in 47 (37.9%) cases. High mono sensitization was mainly to Artemisia Absinthium 55 (67.9%) and Sunflower 20 (24.7%) species, whereas multiple sensitization was caused by the mix of weeds in 55 (67.9%) and the mix of meadow grass in 31 (38.3%). The mean IgE level was 323.2±264.9SD. Only 5 (17.2%) patients with specific immunotherapy developed rhinitis medicamentosa. 35 (74.5%) patients treated by nasal glucocorticosteroids stopped taking the decongestants.The incidence of rhinitis medicamentosa depends on duration of decongestants use. Specific immunotherapy is recommended for the prevention of rhinitis medicamentosa in patients suffering from allergic rhinitis, whereas intranasal glucocorticosteroids are the most appropriate for the treatment regardless initial cause of rhinitis development. https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/4582 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/4582/4229

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 42 4 2013 04 15 380 390 Fatemeh Mohammadi Dept. of Community Nutrition, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Nasrin Omidvar Gail G Harrison Mahmood Ghazi-Tabatabaei Morteza Abdollahi Anahita Houshiar-Rad Yadollah Mehrabi Ahmad Reza Dorosty 2015 10 15 Despite reports on association between overweight/obesity among women and household food insecurity (FI) in developed countries, such association is not evident in developing countries. This study aimed to assess the association between household FI and weight status in adult females in Tehran, Iran.In this cross-sectional study, 418 households were selected through systematic cluster sampling from 6 districts of Tehran. Height and weight were measured and body mass index (BMI) was calculated. Socio-economic status of the household was assessed by a questionnaire. Three consecutive 24-hour diet recalls were completed. FI was measured using adapted Household Food Insecurity Access Scale. Logistic regression was used to test the effects of SES and food security on weight status, simultaneously. Using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) potential causal relationships between FI and weight status was explored.Only 1.0% of women were underweight, while 40.3% were overweight and 33% were obese, respectively. Severe, moderate, and mild food insecurity was observed in 11.5, 14.7, and 17.8%, respectively. Among women in moderately food insecure households, the possibility of overweight was lower than those of food secure households (OR 0.41; CI95%:0.17-0.99), while in severely food insecure households, the risk of abdominal obesity for women was 2.82 times higher than food secures (CI95%:1.12-7.08) (P https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/4580 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/4580/4227

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 42 4 2013 04 15 391 396 Majid Asghari Dept. of Medical Parasitology and Mycology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Iran. Mehdi Mohebali Eshrat Beigom Kia Ali Farahnak Mojgan Aryaeipour Samieh Asadian Mohammad Bagher Rokni 2015 10 15 On the continuation of sorting the puzzle of the situation of hydatid disease in Iran and considering that so far no survey was conducted in this context in Arak City, Markazi Province central Iran, the present study was conducted to determine the seroprevalence of human hydatidosis using AgB-ELISA test.Totally 578 serum samples randomly were collected from patients referred to hospitals and different health centers in the city and 3 nearby villages of Arak. All sera were examined by ELISA tests using AgB. Before sampling, a questionnaire was filled out for each case. Data were analyzed using Chi-square test and multivariate logistic regression for risk factors analysis. P<0.05 was considered significant.Cut-off value was calculated 0.32. Twenty cases (3.46%) were seropositive for hydatidosis in the region. This rate for females was 3.99% and for males 2.26%, respectively. There was no significant difference as regards all factors studied except location (P<0.001). As for job, farmers and ranchmen had the highest rate of infection as 6.67%. The seropositivity rate infection was 4.8% in illiterate people, which showed the highest rate. As regards residency, rural life showed significant difference with urban life (1.5% vs. 7 %). Age group of 40-49 yr old (6.25%) had the highest rate of positivity.The rate of prevalence in this region shows more or less the same range with other cities of Iran. Obtained result might assist the policy makers to take sanitary measures to control the disease. https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/4578 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/4578/4225

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 42 4 2013 04 15 397 401 Laleh Sharifi Immunology, Asthma and Allergy Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Akram Karimi Raheleh Shokouhi Shoormasti Sara Miri Hassan Heydar Nazhad Saied Bokaie Mohammad Reza Fazlollahi Khosro Sadeghniiat Haghighi Zahra Pourpak Mostafa Moin 2015 10 15 Toluene diisocyanate (TDI) is an imperative chemical substance used in the production of polyurethane foams, elastomers, paints and coatings that cause a variety of health problems in workers who are exposed in work places. This study aimed to determine the asthma symptoms and serum specific IgE levels inon> Daulet ALDYNGUROV Medical Center Hospital of President’s Affair Administration of the Republic of Kazakhstan, Astana, Kazakhstan Ayan MYSSAYEV Dept. of Public Health, Semey State Medical University, Semey, Kazakhstan Serik MEIRMANOV Ritsumeikan Asia Pacific University, Beppu, Japan Marat ZHANASPAYEV Dept. of Public Health, Semey State Medical University, Semey, Kazakhstan Zaituna KHISMETOVA Dept. of Public Health, Semey State Medical University, Semey, Kazakhstan Zhanna MUZDUBAYEVA Dept. of Public Health, Semey State Medical University, Semey, Kazakhstan Erbol SMAIL Dept. of Public Health, Semey State Medical University, Semey, Kazakhstan Oksana YURKOVSKAYA Dept. of Public Health, Semey State Medical University, Semey, Kazakhstan Lyudmila PIVINA Dept. of Public Health, Semey State Medical University, Semey, Kazakhstan Yuliya SEMENOVA Dept. of Public Health, Semey State Medical University, Semey, Kazakhstan 2018 06 20 2018 06 20 No Abstract#### https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/13771 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/13771/6025

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 47 6 2018 06 20 814 823 Eun Ju LIM Red Cross College of Nursing, Chung-Ang University, 84 Heukseok-ro, Dongjak-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea 2018 06 20 2018 06 20  Background: The prevalence of functional disability is very high among elderly people. Malnourished individuals are less likely to recover from limited mobility and have higher risk of deterioration of functional disability. This study investigated factors influencing mobility relative to nutritional status in elderly women with diabetes mellitus. Methods: We analyzed data of 464 elderly women with diabetes mellitus, obtained from the 2014 cross-sectional survey of the Korea Institute for Health and Social Affairs. Results: In the well-nourished group, body mass index, difficulties in daily activities due to visual acuity loss, muscle strength, and depressive symptoms were significant predictors of mobility; the explanatory power of this model was 24.0% (F=12.905; P<0.001). In the malnourished group, muscle strength, depressive symptoms, and nutritional status were significant predictors of mobility; the explanatory power of this model was 40.5% (F=16.589; P<0.001). Conclusion: The level of mobility relative to nutritional status varied widely among elderly women with diabetes mellitus. Therefore, to improve mobility in malnourished elderly people, public health nurses must provide comprehensive nutrition management and a support system in addition to physical and psychological interventions.     https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/13756 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/13756/6010

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 47 6 2018 06 20 922 924 Heng FAN Dept. of Intensive Care Unit, Ningbo First Hospital, Ningbo 315000, China Min SUN Dept. of Intensive Care Unit, Ningbo First Hospital, Ningbo 315000, China Jian-hua ZHU Dept. of Intensive Care Unit, Ningbo First Hospital, Ningbo 315000, China 2018 06 20 2018 06 20 No Abstract#### https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/13772 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/13772/6026

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 47 6 2018 06 20 824 829 Li QU The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning 116023, P.R. China Hua JIANG The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning 116023, P.R. China 2018 06 20 2018 06 20 Background: To investigate the clinical efficacy of trimetazidine and holistic management in the treatment of coronary heart disease. Methods: A total of 128 cases of patients with coronary heart disease were admitted in The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University from October 2014 to June 2017. These patients were divided into control group and experimental group, with 64 patients each. The patients in the control group underwent conventional treatment. On this basis, the patients in the experimental group were treated with trimetazidine. Both groups underwent holistic management. The clinical conditions, echocardiography indexes, life quality, and mental states of patients were compared between the two groups. Results: The total efficient rate of patients in the control group was significantly lower than that of the experimental group, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). After treatment, the left ventricular ejection fraction of patients in the experimental group was higher than that of the control group; the left ventricular end diastolic diameter and left ventricular posterior wall thickness of patients in the experimental group were lower than those of the control group, and the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05). The physiological health score, mental health score, Hamilton Depression Scale and Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale of patients were significantly decreased compared with the control group, and the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05). Conclusion: The efficacy of trimetazidine in the treatment of coronary heart disease is definite. The assisting holistic management can significantly improve the mental status and life quality of patients by enhancing the cardiac function, which has clinical reference and promotion values.   https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/13757 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/13757/6011

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 47 6 2018 06 20 925 927 Assiya TURGAMBAYEVA Dept. of Public Health N1, Medical University JSC, Astana, Kazakhstan Zaituna KHAMIDULLINA Dept. of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Medical University JSC, Astana, Kazakhstan Assel BAUBEKOVA Dept. of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Medical University JSC, Astana, Kazakhstan Yelena DUDNIK Dept. of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Medical University JSC, Astana, Kazakhstan Marina ZHANALIYEVA Dept. of Normal anatomy, Medical University JSC, Astana, Kazakhstan Lazat KASAEVA Dept. of Therapeutic Disciplines, South Kazakhstan State Pharmaceutical Academy, Shimkent, Kazakhstan Zhanyl SEIDAKHMETOVA Corporate fund "University Medical Center" National Research Center of Motherhood and Childhood, Astana, Kazakhstan Nazira KAMZAEVA Corporate fund "University Medical Center" National Research Center of Motherhood and Childhood, Astana, Kazakhstan 2018 06 20 2018 06 20 No Abstract#### https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/13773 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/13773/6027

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 47 6 2018 06 20 830 837 Sunah PARK Dept. of Nursing, Gangneung-Wonju National University, Wonju, Republic of Korea Kyoung Ah BAEK Dept. of Nursing, Kookje University, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea 2018 06 20 2018 06 20 Background: Urinary incontinence is prevalent among older adults worldwide and associated with lower quality of life. Obesity is highly associated with development or exacerbation of urinary incontinence. We examined the impact of different types of obesity (general obesity and abdominal obesity) on urinary incontinence. Methods: We employed 2007-2009 Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) with 4648 females over 19 yr of age. Body mass index, waist circumstance, total body fat percentage, trunk fat percentage, demographic variables, and potential confounding factors were assessed. Chi-square tests and logistic regression analysis were used.  Results: There were significant trends of increasing risk of urinary incontinence with increasing body mass index (P =.002), waist circumstance (P = .001), percent total body fat (P =.029) and percent trunk fat (P =.005). Regarding the association of urinary incontinence prevalence with different types of obesity, nonobese women with abdominal obesity had the highest odds ratio of urinary incontinence, followed by obese women with abdominal obesity (odds ratio = 1.59 and 1.55, respectively). Conclusion: Abdominal obesity may be more likely to be associated with urinary incontinence compared to overall obesity. Early screening and identification of abdominal obesity may be needed for older women to prevent or reduce urinary incontinence episodes.   https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/13758 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/13758/6012

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 47 6 2018 06 20 928 930 Mohammad Hossein BIGLU Dept. of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Paramedical, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran Morteza GHOJAZADEH Dept. of Physiology, Liver and Gastrointestinal Disease Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran Samira KASHEFI Dept. of Medical Library and Information Sciences, School of Health Management and Medical Informatics, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran 2018 06 20 2018 06 20 No Abstract#### https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/13775 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/13775/6029

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 47 6 2018 06 20 838 843 Guo Chen DUAN Dept. of Fifth Oncology, The Thoracic Surgery, Hebei People's Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050051, P.R. China 2018 06 20 2018 06 20 Background: We investigated the combined effects of Kanglaite (KLT) and cisplatin on tumor associated macrophage (TAM) and expression of hypoxia inducible factor-1 alpha (HIF-1α) in Kunming mice with Lewis lung carcinoma. Methods: Kunming mice with Lewis lung carcinoma were randomly divided into four groups: the control (NS) group, KLT group, cisplatin (DDP) group and DDP+KLT group in Hebei People's Hospital, Hebei China from 2016 to 2017. Tumors were harvested 14 days after corresponding interventions. Results: The percentage of TAM was determined by flow cytometry and HIF-1α mRNA was detected by realtime-PCR. Tumor weight of mice in KLT group, DDP group and DDP+KLT group was significantly lower than that of NS group (P<0.01). Tumor growth inhibition rate in DDP+KLT group was higher than DDP group, (P=0.205). The spleen index was lower in the DDP group than in the NS group (P=0.005), but was significantly increased when combined with KLT (P<0.01). The percentage of TAM was higher in the DDP group than in the NS group (P=0.898); the combination with KLT significantly decreased the percentage (P=0.009<0.01). Expression of HIF-1α was lower in the KLT group and DDP+KLT group than in NS group; it was decreased more in DDP+KLT group (P<0.05). Conclusion: KLT led to pronounced antitumor activity in mice with Lewis lung carcinoma. It enhances the chemotherapeutic effect and improves immunity function when combined with cisplatin, which can be accomplished by decreasing the TAM levels and improving hypoxia status.   https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/13759 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/13759/6013

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 47 6 2018 06 20 931 933 Ahmad Ali BADR Dept. of Biology, College of Sciences, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran Mostafa SAADAT Dept. of Biology, College of Sciences, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran 2018 06 20 2018 06 20 No Abstract#### https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/13776 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/13776/6030

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 47 6 2018 06 20 844 851 Xuan-Long YI The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong Province, China Jiang LI The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong Province, China