Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 42 12 2013 12 15 1333 9 Farzaneh Aminpour Dept. of Health Information Management, School of Health Management and Information Sciences, Iran University of Medical Sciences , Tehran, Iran. Farahnaz Sadoughi Dept. of Health Information Management, School of Health Management and Information Sciences, Iran University of Medical Sciences , Tehran, Iran. Maryam Ahmadi Dept. of Health Information Management, School of Health Management and Information Sciences, Iran University of Medical Sciences , Tehran, Iran. 2015 10 15 Electronic Health Record (EHR) is a repository of patient health information shared among multiple authorized users. As a modern method of storing and processing health information, it is a solution for improving quality, safety and efficiency of patient care and health system. However, establishment of EHR requires a significant investment of time and money. While many of healthcare providers have very limited capital, application of open source software would be considered as a solution in developing national electronic health record especially in countries with low income. The evidence showed that financial limitation is one of the obstacles to implement electronic health records in developing countries. Therefore, establishment of an open source EHR system capable of modifications according to the national requirements seems to be inevitable in Iran. The present study identifies the impact of application of open source software in developing national electronic health record in Iran. https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/4286 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/4286/3938

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 42 12 2013 12 15 1340 6 Effat Jafari-Dehkordi 1. Dept. of Iranian Traditional Medicine, School of Iranian Traditional Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences , Tehran, Iran ; 2. Research Institute for Islamic and Complementary Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences , Tehran, Iran. Roshanak Mokaberinejad 3. Dept. of Traditional Medicine, School of Traditional Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences , Tehran, Iran. Bagher Minaei 4. Dept. of Histology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Science , Tehran, Iran ; 5. Dept. of Iranian Traditional Medicine, School of Iranian Traditional Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences , Tehran, Iran. Farnaz Sohrabvand 2. Research Institute for Islamic and Complementary Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences , Tehran, Iran ; 6. Dept. of Obstetrics, Gynecology &Infertility, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Science , Tehran, Iran. Esmaeil Nazem 5. Dept. of Iranian Traditional Medicine, School of Iranian Traditional Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences , Tehran, Iran. Fataneh Hashem Dabaghian 2. Research Institute for Islamic and Complementary Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences , Tehran, Iran. Jale Aliasl 7. Traditional Medicine Clinical Trial Research Center, Shahed University , Tehran, Iran. 2015 10 15 Background Maternal lifestyle and behaviors during pregnancy have been associated with future health outcomes for mothers and babies. Iranian Traditional medicine, which is a holistically-oriented medical discipline, has special attitudes towards pregnancy. The purpose of the study is the investigation of maternal health in medical books of ancient Iran. This study is a systematic review scrutinizing issues concerning lifestyle during pregnancy based on "Avicenna's Canon medicine" and "Rhazes Al-Havi" and for complete discussion, other reliable sources in traditional medicine which was conducted following the categorization and analysis of the gleaned data. Based on approaches by Iranian Traditional Medicine, the most important topics in lifestyle habits during pregnancy are divided into four main groups: Nutrition, physical exercise, sexual activity and psychological stress. Then special recommendations are suggested which include a regimen to facilitate labor. Eating behaviors and other lifestyle habits have a major role in optimizing the health of women in pregnancy. Regarding to traditional medicine viewpoints paying special attention to correcting diet, life style and preventive attitude with effective and simple therapeutic procedures, it seems that traditional medicine can offer efficient managements to alleviate some pregnancy complications. https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/4285 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/4285/3937

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 42 12 2013 12 15 1347 53 Jin-Ho Yoon 1. Institute of Sports Medicine and Science, Korea National Sport University , Seoul, Korea. Wi-Young So 2. Dept. of Human Movement Science, Seoul Women's University , Seoul, Korea. 2015 10 15 The purpose of the present study was to examine differences in lifestyle factors such as physical activity among homosexual (gay or lesbian), bisexual, and heterosexual Korean adolescents.The sample consisted of 74,186 adolescents from grades 7-12 (ages 12-18) who participated in the 8(th) annual Korea Youth Risk Behavior Web-based Survey in 2012. Of this sample, only 11,829 provided enough information regarding their romantic and sexual experiences to define them as gay, lesbian, bisexual, or heterosexual. From this information, males were divided into gay (n = 323), bisexual (n = 243), and heterosexual (n = 6,501) groups, and females were divided into lesbian (n = 208), bisexual (n = 113), and heterosexual (n = 4,441) groups. Differences in lifestyle factors according to sexual orientation were analyzed using one-way analysis of variance.Males showed significant differences by sexual orientation group in terms of frequency of smoking (P = 0.029), alcohol consumption (P < 0.001), muscular strength exercises (P = 0.020), and walking for at least 10 minutes per week (P < 0.001). Females showed significant differences by sexual orientation group in terms of frequency of smoking (P < 0.001), alcohol consumption (P < 0.001), vigorous physical exercise (P < 0.001), moderate physical exercise (P < 0.001), and muscular strength exercises (P < 0.001), as well as for self-reported mental stress (P < 0.001).We concluded those gay and bisexual males and lesbian and bisexual females had significant lifestyle differences as compared with heterosexual adolescents. This effect was stronger for females than for males. https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/4284 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/4284/3936

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 42 12 2013 12 15 1354 62 Md Nazrul Islam Mondal 1. Laboratory of Computational Statistics and Operations Research, Institute for Mathematical Research University Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor Darul Ehsan , Malaysia ; 2. Dept. of Population Science and Human Resource Development; University of Rajshahi , Rajshahi, Bangladesh. Mahendran Shitan 1. Laboratory of Computational Statistics and Operations Research, Institute for Mathematical Research University Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor Darul Ehsan , Malaysia ; 3. Dept. of Mathematics, Faculty of Science, University Putra Malaysia; 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor Darul Ehsan , Malaysia. 2015 10 15 This study is concerned with understanding the impact of demographic changes, socioeconomic inequalities, and the availability of health factors on life expectancy (LE) in the low and lower middle income countries.The cross-country data were collected from 91 countries from the United Nations agencies in 2012. LE is the response variable with demographics (total fertility rate, and adolescent fertility rate), socioeconomic status (mean year of schooling, and gross national income per capita), and health factors (physician density, and HIV prevalence rate) are as the three main predictors. Stepwise multiple regression analysis is used to extract the main factors.The necessity of more healthcare resources and higher levels of socioeconomic advantages are more likely to increase LE. On the other hand, demographic changes and health factors are more likely to increase LE by way of de-cease fertility rates and disease prevalence.These findings suggest that international efforts should aim at increasing LE, especially in the low income countries through the elimination of HIV prevalence, adolescent fertility, and illiteracy. https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/4283 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/4283/3935

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 42 12 2013 12 15 1363 73 Youngmee Kim 1. Red Cross College of Nursing, Chung-Ang University , Seoul, Korea. Won-Kyung Cho 2. Section of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine , New New Haven, USA. Lorraine S Evangelista 3. Program of Nursing Science, University of California, Irvine , California, USA. 2015 10 15 Previous literature has implicated that there might be an individual susceptibility difference in terms of race/ethnicity and gender in response to second hand smoke (SHS) exposure. This study was done to examine the effect of SHS exposure on lung function in non-smoking Korean women.This cross-sectional study was conducted using the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) from 2008-2011. A total of 2,513 female participants, age 40 yr and older, with no respiratory symptoms or prior lung diseases, were included in this study. Participants' smoking status was examined using both self-reported history and measurement of urinary cotinine level. Lung function was assessed using spirometry data, including FVC and FEV1. T-test and Chi-square tests were performed to compare diverse variables between groups. Analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) adjusted for age, height, alcohol consumption, and level of exercise was used to see any statistical differences in lung function parameters between non-SHS exposed and SHS-exposed groups.Among 2,513 non-smoking females, 767 (30.5%) were SHS-exposed. The urinary cotinine levels clearly distinguished SHS exposure, and the mean urinary cotinine levels were 7.1±0.4 and 11±0.7 in non-SHS exposed group vs. SHS-exposed group, respectively (P < 0.001). Urinary cotinine levels were correlated with duration of SHS exposure. However, both groups had normal lung function and there was no significant difference between the two groups in lung function.Urinary cotinine is a valuable marker of SHS exposure. Korean women may have higher tolerance for SHS exposure-induced lung function decline. https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/4282 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/4282/3934

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 42 12 2013 12 15 1374 86 Siti Farizwana Mohd Ridzwan 1. Faculty of Medicine Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre , Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. Zurahanim Fasha Anual 2. Environmental Health Research Centre, Institute for Medical Research , Malaysia. Mazrura Sahani 3. Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia , Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. Ahmad Rohi Ghazali 3. Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia , Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. 2015 10 15 Neurotoxicants present in water supply may affect human functions in terms of attention, response speed and perceptual motor speed. Neurobehavioural performance can be influenced by gender, age and education levels. This study aims to assess the neurobehavioral performance of palm oil estate residents with private water supply in southern Peninsular of Malaysia.A total of 287 and 246 participants from estates with private (PWS) and public water supply (PUB) were recruited to complete a demographic and subjective symptom questionnaire followed by the Neurobehavioral Core Test Battery (NCTB).PWS participants who consumed privately-treated water performed poorly in all NCTB tests compared to PUB participants except for Santa Ana test. Significant group differences in neurobehavioral performance were found for Digit Span Backward (P=0.047), Benton Visual Retention (P=0.006) and Trail Making B tests (P<0.05); which measures the function of memory, attention and visual perception-conceptual. Gender, age and years of education influenced the NCTB scores (P<0.05). Female participants performed poorly in tests measuring latency but excellently tackled those tests that determined association. Younger participants from both PWS and PUB performed better on NCTB tests when compared to other age groups (P<0.05). PWS and PUB participants in this study who received a longer duration of education excelled in the NCTB tests (P=0.000).Poor neurobehavioral performance is associated with low water supply quality which affects neurofunctions in terms of attention, memory, response and perceptual motor speed. https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/4281 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/4281/3933

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 42 12 2013 12 15 1387 97 Rodica TöRöK-Oance Dept. of Biology and Chemistry, West University of Timisoara , Timisoara, Romania. 2015 10 15 The purpose of this study was to analyse the prevalence of postmenopausal osteoporosis risk factors and to analyse the T-score variability in spine and hip according to the associated risk factors.This is a retrospective study (2003-2007) including 177 female patients with postmenopausal osteoporosis. The patients were separated in seven groups according to the number of risk factors per case. The T-score was compared between this groups using unpaired t-Student test.The most frequent risk factor was early menopause (44.63%), followed by low consumption of dairy products (37.29%), coffee consumption (25.99%), sedentary lifestyle (20.9%), smoking (19.21%), delayed menarche (15.25%), low body mass index (10.71%), nulliparity (7.91%), alcohol consumption (0.56%). The maximum number of risk factors per case was six. The T-score decreased with increasing number of risk factors. T-score differences are statistically significant when comparing cases with 6 risk factors to cases with 5 risk factors (P=0.0315 in spine; P=0.0088 in hip), 4 risk factors (P=0.0076 in spine; P=0.043 in hip), 3 risk factors (P<0.0001 in spine; P=0.0205 in hip), 2 risk factors (P=0.0012 in spine; P<0.0001 in hip), a single risk factor (P<0.001 in spine and hip) and no risk factor (P=0.0075 in spine; P=0.0006 in hip).Association of several risk factors leads to decrease of T-score so being able to avoid any such factors may contribute to a better bone mineral density. This could be achieved by the education of female population regarding postmenopausal osteoporosis risk factors, followed by adopting an appropriate lifestyle and diet. https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/4280 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/4280/3932

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 42 12 2013 12 15 1398 404 Mohammad Mehdi Akhondi 1. Reproductive Biotechnology Research Center, Avicenna Res Background: Temporary marriage (TM) is legitimate sexual relations without social, moral approval, which can be a threat to individuals’ health, it is a risk factor for spread of Sexual Transmitted Infections (STIs). Therefore, it is necessary to identify and control STIs in TM-individuals and subsequent save of "society health". In this meat-analysis, we examined the prevalence of STIs in TM in Iran. We further examined un-protected sex among TM-individuals. Method: Up to Feb 2020, we searched international and national electronic databases identify to published studies on the prevalence of STIs in TM. We estimated the prevalence of STIs in TM using a random-effect pooled estimate analysis approach. Results: Totally, we retrieved 1616 studies from the previously mentioned databases, of which, 18 met the eligibility criteria, published from 1995 to 2020 in different provinces. The total sample size of the included studied contained 2056 TM-individuals, of which 368 were found with STIs and 955 with unprotected sex. The pooled prevalence of STIs and unprotected sex among TM women was 39% (95%CI: 24% to 54%), 55% (95%CI: 40% to 70%) Conclusion: STI and unprotected sex are high among TM-individuals which call an urgent need for community and health care providers to provide especially designed medical and psycho-social supportive care services in a safe and unprejudiced environment for TM-individuals. Furthermore, untrained health care providers for TM-individuals, under reporting, social stigma should be taken in to account. Denying the presence of such realities, does not eradicate the facts but results in catastrophic public health problems. https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/22141 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/22141/7250

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 50 6 2021 06 10 1167 1176 Hyunwoo Kang College of Sport Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Seobu-ro 2066, Suwon, Korea Seyong Jang Department of Taekwondo, College of Arts and Physical Education, Gachon University, Seongnam 13120, Korea 2021 04 08 2021 06 10 Abstract Background: The present study aimed to provide an empirical theoretical basis for the psychological phenomena that occur among competing athletes. To this end, we utilized the actor and partner interdependence model (APIM) to analyze the self- and relative effects of competitive state anxiety on perceived performance in middle and high school Taekwondo athletes. Methods: Data were analyzed for 372 middle and high school athletes (red group=186, blue group=186) who participated in the first round of the 2020 Korea Taekwondo Association National Taekwondo Competition. Analysis based on the APIM was applied to the collected data, and a path analysis was conducted to verify the self- and relative effects of competitive state anxiety on perceived performance. Results: Cognitive (red: P<0.01, blue: P<0.001) and physical state anxiety (red: P<0.01, blue: P<0.01) exerted a significant negative self-effect on perceived performance in both groups. In contrast, state confidence (red: P<0.001, blue: P<0.001) exerted a significant positive self-effect on perceived performance. Furthermore, cognitive (red: P<0.001, blue: P<0.01) and physical state anxiety (red: P<0.001, blue: P<0.001) exerted a significant positive relative effect on the opponent’s perceived performance in both groups, while state confidence (red: P<0.01, blue: P<0.001) exerted a significant negative relative effect on the opponent’s perceived performance. Conclusion: Sports psychologists should focus on developing a psychological training program that provides practical psychological support as well as self-regulatory and relative strategies for improving athletic performance in competitive scenarios. https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/24505 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/24505/7251

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 50 6 2021 06 10 1177 1187 Yawen Shao Gansu Provincial Maternity and Child Care Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu, China Baohong Mao Gansu Provincial Maternity and Child Care Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu, China Jie Qiu Gansu Provincial Maternity and Child Care Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu, China Yan Bai Gansu Provincial Maternity and Child Care Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu, China Ru Lin Gansu Provincial Maternity and Child Care Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu, China Xiaochun He Gansu Provincial Maternity and Child Care Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu, China Xiaojuan Lin Gansu Provincial Maternity and Child Care Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu, China Ling Lv Gansu Provincial Maternity and Child Care Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu, China Zhongfeng Tang Gansu Provincial Maternity and Child Care Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu, China Min Zhou Xiaoying Xu Gansu Provincial Maternity and Child Care Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu, China Bin Yi Gansu Provincial Maternity and Child Care Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu, China Qing Liu Gansu Provincial Maternity and Child Care Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu, China 2019 07 14 2019 12 08 Abstract Background: To evaluate the independent and collective effects of maternal iron supplementation and dietary iron intake upon the risk of moderate preterm birth and its subtypes. Methods: In this birth cohort study, 1019 pregnant women with moderate preterm birth and 9160 women with term birth were recruited at Gansu Provincial Maternity and Child Care Hospital from 2010-2012 in China. Unconditional logistic regression models were utilized to evaluate the association between maternal iron supplementation, dietary iron intake, and the risk of moderate preterm birth and its subtypes. Results: Compared with non-users, iron supplement users exerted a protective effect upon the overall (OR=0.54, 95%CI=0.40-0.72) and spontaneous moderate preterm birth (OR=0.39, 95%CI=0.33-0.83). Compared with the 25th quartiles of dietary iron intake, either before or during pregnancy, it exerted a significantly protective effect upon those who had the highest quartiles of dietary iron intake (OR=0.87, 95%CI=0.82-0.95 for the highest quartiles of dietary iron intake before pregnancy OR=0.85, 95%CI=0.79-0.91). Positive association was observed between the additive scale and multiplicative scale for preterm birth, spontaneous preterm rather than medically indicated preterm. Conclusion: Iron supplements (60 mg/day) and high-iron intake (>25.86 mg/day before pregnancy, >30.46 mg/day during pregnancy) reduced the risk of moderate preterm birth. Positive correlation is found between the additive scale and multiplicative scale for preterm birth, spontaneous preterm birth.       https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/17765 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/17765/7252

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 50 6 2021 06 10 1188 1196 Basri Furkan Dagcioglu Department of Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Ankara Yildirim Beyazit University, Ankara, Turkey Erhan Simsek Department of Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Ankara Yildirim Beyazit University, Ankara, Turkey Ramazan Tepeli Department of Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Ankara Yildirim Beyazit University, Ankara, Turkey Dilek Oztas Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Ankara Yildirim Beyazit University, Ankara, Turkey 2019 11 13 2019 12 24 Background: Considering the gap between organ donors and receivers, it can be assumed that family physicians may play an important role in organ donation. Thus, we aimed to investigate the family physicians’ approaches to organ donation in Turkey. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, an online survey was sent to all family physicians working in Family Health Centers in Turkey Between Jul – Sep 2018. The survey questioned the knowledge, approaches, and opinions about organ donation issues, besides the socio-demographic characteristics. Results: Most physicians stated that they had given information to their patients on this subject at least occasionally (59.19%, n=998). Among participants, the most common reason for refusing consent for organ donation was the fear of commercial abuse (19.66%, n=244). Most participants (52.61%, n=887) stated that they had been positively affected by the media about organ donation. Some physicians were uncertain about the reliability of the brain death diagnosis (18.39%, n=310). A minor group stated that organ donation might be religiously inappropriate (10.50%, n=177). Conclusion: Although most of the family physicians had a positive manner about organ donation, there was still some wrong knowledge of the participants about legal and medical aspects of organ donation, as well as some other concerns like organ trafficking and reliability of brain death diagnoses, whereas religious concerns were not significant. https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/18937 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/18937/7253

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 50 6 2021 06 10 1197 1205 Qiuhua Wan Department of Clinical Laboratory, Jining Maternal and Child Health and Family Planning Service Center, Jining, 272100, China Yiping Liu Prenatal Diagnosis Center, Jining Maternal and Child Health and Family Planning Service Center, Jining, 272100, China Bo Lv Department of Clinical Laboratory, Jining Maternal and Child Health and Family Planning Service Center, Jining, 272100, China Xiaofang Chen Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Jining Maternal and Child Health and Family Planning Service Center, Jining, 272100, China 2020 11 18 2021 02 06 Abstract Background: This study was designed to explore the levels of serum moleculartumor markers carbohydrate antigen 125 (CA125), human epididymis protein 4 (HE4), and carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) in patients with primary epithelial ovarian cancer, and their correlation with the progression of the cancer. Methods: A total of 222 people were enrolled in this study admitted to Jining Maternal and Child Health and Family Planning Service Center from January 2016 to December 2017. There were 122 patients with primary epithelial ovarian cancer (ovarian cancer group), 50 patients with benign ovarian diseases (benign control group), and 50 healthy individuals (normal control group). The levels of serum CA125, CEA, and HE4 were detected by the electrochemical luminescence method and ELISA. Results: The levels of serum CA125, HE4, and CEA in the ovarian cancer group were significantly higher than those in patients with the benign control group and the normal control group (P<0.01). The levels of serum CA125, HE4, and CEA in the high clinical staging group (stage III and stage II), low differentiation group, comorbid ascites group, metastasis group, and recurrence group were significantly higher than those in the low clinical staging group (stage I and stage II), high + moderate differentiation group, non-ascites group, non-metastasis group, and non-recurrence group, respectively (all P<0.05), and the levels of serum CA125, HE4, and CEA decreased significantly after treatment (P<0.01). Conclusion: The levels of serum CA125, HE4, and CEA are closely related to the development and progression of epithelial ovarian cancer, and combined detection of CA125, HE4 and CEA is of great significance for early diagnosis, disease development monitoring, and prognosis evaluation of epithelial ovarian cancer. https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/22915 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/22915/7254

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 50 6 2021 06 10 1206 1212 Zelal Adibelli Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Usak University, School of Medicine, Usak, Turkey Cevdet Duran Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Usak University, School of Med-icine, Usak, Turkey 2019 03 05 2019 04 24 Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) and chronic kidney disease (CKD) are global growing health problems. Since DM is the major cause for CKD etiology, its development can be prevented with simple measures, like achievements of glycemic, lipid and blood pressure targets. This study aimed to evaluate whether the treatment goals for CKD patients with DM are achieved under the Kidney Disease Outcomes Quality Initiative (KDOQI) guideline. Methods: Overall, 160 CKD patients with DM were enrolled in the study performed in Usak, Turkey from Jan 2016 to Jan 2018. Compatibility with treatment goals defined in KDOQI 2012 guideline for HbA1c levels, hypertension and dyslipidemia were evaluated retrospectively. Results: Of 160 CKD patients [15 (9.4%) in stage 3a, 53 (33.1%) stage 3b, 51 (31.9%) stage 4 and 41 (25.6%) stage 5], 23 patients in stage 5 were on hemodialysis. Total compliance rate to hyperglycemia treatment was 94 of 160 patients (58.8%). Compatibility rates between different stages of CKD were similar. Hypertension was detected only in 134 patients. Sixty-six (49.3%) patients were compatible with the treatment goals, and as the CKD stages progressed, the rate of patients achieving hypertension treatment goals was declined (P=0.001). One-hundred and thirty-seven patients were not on hemodialysis and fifty-four (39.9%) of 137 patients achieved dyslipidemia goal. There was no difference between different stages of CKD. Conclusion: Under KDOQI 2012 guideline, treatment goal for hyperglycemia was better achieved than the treatment goals for hypertension and dyslipidemia. In CKD patients with DM the physicians should be also focused on the treatment of hypertension and dyslipidemia. https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/16441 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/16441/7255

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 50 6 2021 06 10 1213 1223 Li Jing Department of Physical Education, Xianyang Normal University, China Seung-Yong Kim Major in Physical Education, Graduate School of Education, Kyonggi University, Republic of Korea 2021 04 11 2021 06 10 Background: We aimed to investigate the relationships among self-management, self-resilience, and adaptability to college life in Chinese and Korean students majoring in physical education. In addition, we explored the mediating role of self-resilience in the relationship between self-management and adaptability to college life. Methods: Random sampling was used to identify participants majoring in physical education at five colleges and universities in Shaanxi (China) and four universities in Kyonggi-do Province (Republic of Korea) in June 2020. We analyzed data for 700 students via exploratory factor analysis, confirmatory factor analysis, correlation analysis, structural equation model analysis, and path analysis. Results: Self-management had a significant impact on self-resilience (P<0.001), while self-resilience had a significant impact on adaptability to college life (P<0.001). Among self-management variables, body management had a significant negative impact on adaptability to college life (P<0.001). Self-resilience had a mediating effect on the relationship between self-management and adaptability to college life (P=0.024). Conclusion: Our findings highlight the need to develop systems that cultivate students’ abilities to integrate into university life, including their abilities to face unsatisfactory studies, manage spare time, make physical adjustments, adapt to new living environments, and maintain interpersonal relationships. Strengthening self-management abilities will lead to improvements in self-resilience, adaptability, and satisfaction with university life among physical education majors. https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/24541 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/24541/7256

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 50 6 2021 06 10 1224 1232 Bin Li Department of Physical Education, Yantai University, Yantai, China 2021 05 11 2021 06 10 Background: Shoulder, neck, and back discomforts and abdominal obesity caused by sedentariness are increasingly prominent in young and middle-aged population groups. Health Qigong improves physical functions and strengthens the disease resistance of exercisers. This study aims to explore health Qigong intervention’s effects on the cervical vertebra, lumbar vertebra, and mental status. Methods: A total of 108 sedentary young and middle-aged faculties from Yantai University in China were recruited from July to December 2020 and randomly classified into the experimental and control groups. The former received health Qigong exercises for 12 weeks, and the latter was not intervened. The total general skeletal muscle mass, range of neck joint motion, mental health, and range of waist joint motion of all respondents before and after the intervention were tested and calculated. Results: The body fat rate of the experimental group after intervention was significantly lower than that before intervention (P<0.05). The skeletal muscle mass (SMM) value was significantly higher than that before intervention. The experimental group had lower body fat rate but higher SMM value than the control group after the intervention. In addition, the range of motion (ROM) of the cervical vertebra was significantly higher in the experimental group than in the control group after intervention. Somatization, obsessive/compulsive disorder, interpersonal sensitivity, depression, anxiety, hostility, paranoia, and SCL-90 total score of the experimental group after intervention decreased significantly compared with that before intervention (P<0.05). Conclusion: Health Qigong improves the ROM of cervical and lumbar vertebrae and the mental health status of sedentary young and middle-aged groups. https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/24893 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/24893/7257

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 50 6 2021 06 10 1233 1240 Jinfu Liu 1. School of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China 2. Department of Physical Education and Military Training, Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, China Feng Gao Department of Physical Education and Military Training, Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, China Lugang Yuan Department of Physical Education and Military Training, Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, China 2021 04 11 2021 06 10 Background: Chinese children are poorer in sports activity as compared to foreign children and their prospects as to physical fitness are not optimistic. This study aimed to discuss the effects of diversified sports activity modules on physical fitness and mental health of preschoolers ages 4–5 years. Methods: Sixty preschoolers aged 4–5-yr-old from two kindergartens in Jiaxing of China were selected randomly during Mar-Oct 2019. These respondents were divided into the experimental group (n=30) and the control group (n=30). The experimental group implemented the diversified sports activity module for 16 wk successively, 5 d per week, and 30-45 min per day. The control group adopted conventional sports activity. The body shape, physical fitness, and mental health of the two groups were measured and compared. Results: For body shape, the height of the experimental group increased is significantly higher than that of the control group. The experimental and control groups show no significant differences in body weight. For physical fitness, the experimental group is significantly superior to the control group in testing results of standing long jump, double-feet continuous jump, balancing on one foot, tennis shot, sit-and-reach, and 10 m repeated run. For mental health, the testing results of action development, language development, and social development of the experimental group are significantly better than those of the control group. Conclusion: The diversified sports activity module is not only conducive to strengthening the physical fitness of 4–5-year-old preschoolers but also improves their mental health. https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/24540 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/24540/7258

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 50 6 2021 06 10 1241 1249 Yan Cui The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, School of Nursing, Harbin 150001, P.R.China Guodi Ma Cardiology ICU, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, P.R.China Fanying Kong The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, School of Nursing, Harbin 150001, P.R.China Lingli Song Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, P.R.China 2020 11 05 2020 11 26 Background: We aimed to explore the diagnostic values of miR-221-3p in serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) for post-stroke depression (PSD) and to analyze the risk factors of the disease. Methods: Admitted to the Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China from May 2013 to May 2020, 136 stroke patients were enrolled, among which 76 PSD patients were taken as a PSD group and 60 non-depressed patients were taken as a Non-PSD group. miR-221-3p expression in serum and CSF and concentrations of inflammatory cytokines (IL-6, TNF-α) in serum were detected, to analyze the diagnostic and prognostic values of the indicators for PSD. Correlations of miR-221-3p in serum with that in CSF, with the National Institute of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score and the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAMD) score, and with inflammatory cytokines were analyzed, so as to analyze the risk factors affecting the occurrence of PSD. Results: Compared with the Non-PSD group, miR-221-3p remarkably upregulated in serum and CSF in the PSD group, and its areas under the curves (AUCs) for PSD identification were 0.900 and 0.925, respectively. According to the correlation analysis, miR-221-3p in serum was remarkably positively correlated with that in CSF, NIHSS score, HAMD score, IL-6 and TNF-α. In addition, a history of mental illness, NIHSS score, HAMD score, IL-6, TNF-α and miR-221-3p were risk factors of PSD. Conclusion: miR-221-3p in serum and CSF can be used as the diagnostic and risk warning indicators of PSD. https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/22759 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/22759/7259

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 50 6 2021 06 10 1250 1259 EN Sanhua Zhang College of Education, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China Chongmin Jiang China Institute of Sport Science, Beijing, China Chunjing TU Qianjiang College ,Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China 2021 02 17 2021 04 29 Background: The current national growth and development standard of preschool children in China was formulated in 2003, which has many deficiencies. It is necessary to construct more scientific percentile curve and growth reference standards in order to evaluate more effectively the growth, development and health status of Chinese children. Methods: Based on the physical and health data of 31 provinces in China measured in 2010 and 2014, the GAMLSS model was used to construct the growth reference standard and correlation curve. Results: We obtained growth reference standards for percentile curve and Z-score curve of height-for-age, sitting height-for-age, Weight-for-age, Chest circumference-for-age of Chinese preschool children. The C50 percentile of all indicators showed an obvious increasing trend with aged 3.0 to 6.5. Such as, the height of boys and girls increased by 21.1cm and 20.3cm respectively, the sitting height boys and girls increased by 10.3cm and 10.1cm respectively, the weight of boys and girls increased by 7.1 kg and 6.3 kg respectively, the Chest circumference of boys and girls increased by 6cm and 5.2 cm respectively. Conclusion: The children's growth and development charts provided in this study provide effective monitoring and personalized evaluation tools for the growth and development assessment of preschool children, as well as for the reduction of malnutrition, prevention and control of childhood obesity. It is recommended to be used in some areas such as child health, medical treatment and public health. https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/23915 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/23915/7260

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 50 6 2021 06 10 1260 1265 Monir Baradaran Eftekhari Department of Development and Coordination Research, Deputy for Research and Technology, Ministry of Health and Medical Education, Tehran, Iran. Asghar Ebadifar Department of Development and Coordination Research, Deputy for Research and Technology, Ministry of Health and Medical Education, Tehran, Iran AND Dentofacial Deformities Research Center, Research Institute of Dental Sciences, Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Elham Ghalenoee Department of Development and Coordination Research, Deputy for Research and Technology, Ministry of Health and Medical Education, Tehran, Iran Katayoun Falahat Department of Development and Coordination Research, Deputy for Research and Technology, Ministry of Health and Medical Education, Tehran, Iran 2019 08 27 2019 11