Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 44 8 2015 10 11 1033 1035 EN Dariush D. FARHUD School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran AND Dept. of Basic Sciences, Iranian Academy of Medical Sciences ,Tehran, Iran. 2015 10 11 2015 10 11 Editorial https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/3352 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/3352/3071

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 44 8 2015 10 11 1036 1044 EN Mehri JAFARI-SHOBEIRI Dept. of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran AND Women's Reproductive Health Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran. Morteza GHOJAZADEH Liver and Gastrointestinal Disease Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran. Saber AZAMI-AGHDASH Iranian Center of Excellence in Health Management, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran. Mohammad NAGHAVI-BEHZAD Students’ Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran. Reza PIRI Medical Philosophy and History Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran. Yasmin POURALI-AKBAR Students’ Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran. Raheleh NASROLLAH-ZADEH Students’ Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran. Parvaneh BAYAT-KHAJEH Students’ Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran. Marzieh MOHAMMADI Women's Reproductive Health Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran. 2015 10 11 2015 10 11 Background: Gestational Diabetes (GD) is one of the major public health issues. The purpose of the present study was to perform a systematic review and meta-analysis to assess the risk factors and prevalence rate of this disorder in Iran. Methods: This systematic review and meta- analysis article was prepared using the databases of Science Direct, Pub-Med, Scopus, Magiran, Iranmedex and SID, Google search engine, Gray Literature, reference lists check and hand searching using keywords such as "prevalence", "gestational diabetes mellitus", "GDM", "risk factor*", "Iran" and "Postpartum Diabetes". The selected papers were fully reviewed and the required information for the systematic re-view was extracted and summarized using extraction table in Microsoft Office Excel software. Results: Twenty-four of 1011 papers were quite relevant to the objectives of the review so they were included. The mean age of the participants was 29.43±4.97 yr and the prevalence of GDMwas 3.41% (the highest and the lowest prevalence rates were 18.6% and 1.3% respectively). Among the influential factors mentioned in the literature, poten-tial causes of GDM are gestational age, history of gestational diabetes, family history of diabetes, body mass index, abortions and parity, and history of macrosomia. Conclusion: Considering the high prevalence of postpartum diabetes and its related factors in Iran, strategic planning for disease prevention and reduction is inevitable. https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/3353 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/3353/3072

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 44 8 2015 10 11 1045 1052 EN Yansong ZHENG Health Science Center, the Chinese PLA General Hospital, FuXing Road 28, Beijing 100853, China. Guilan ZHANG The Central Hospital of Xiaogan Health Examination, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Xiaogan , Hubei, 432000, China. Zhilai CHEN Health Science Center, the Chinese PLA General Hospital, FuXing Road 28, Beijing 100853, China. Qiang ZENG Health Science Center, the Chinese PLA General Hospital, FuXing Road 28, Beijing 100853, China AND International Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853, China. 2015 10 11 2015 10 11 Background: This study aimed to investigate the association of seven common inflammatory diseases with Type 2 diabetes (T2D) in the Chinese Mainland population. Methods: Participants were recruited from a great swathe of mainland from 2009 to 2013 for the cohort study. The demographic characteristics between patients with T2D or with inflammatory diseases, including age, sex, smoking status, hypertension etc. were analyzed using the χ2 test. Cox proportional hazard regression models were used to de-termine the independent effects of diabetes on the risks of any types of inflammatory diseases in the model and age, sex, hypertension and gout adjusted were used after that. Results: A total of 39367 participants were enrolled in the study and 1634 (4.2%) subjects with missing information on T2D and the inflammatory diseases were excluded. Compared to those without diabetes, after adjusting for age, sex, hypertension and gout, the incidences of asthma, chronic hepatitis, chronic bronchitis, chronic gastroenteritis, chronic gastritis or ulcer in diabetic patients were independently higher, with odd ratios of 0.235 (95% Confidence Interval [CI], 0.117-0.473), 0.845 (95% CI, 0.731-0.976), 0.585 (95% CI, 0.540-0.634), 0.875 (95% CI, 0.806-0.951), 0.843 (95% CI, 0.787-0.903) respectively. Only inflammatory hemorrhoid did not show any clinical significance. Conclusion: There was a decreased incidence of inflammatory diseases in the diabetic patients compared with non-diabetic subjects. Except for inflammatory hemorrhoid, asthma, chronic hepatitis, chronic bronchitis, chronic gastro-enteritis, chronic gastritis and ulcer were associated with T2D of Chinese individuals, independently of hypertension and gout, and T2D might reduce the risk of these diseases. https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/3354 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/3354/3073

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 44 8 2015 10 11 1053 1060 EN Slavica KONEVIC Dept. of Specialist Consultancy Services, Rakovica Community Health Center, Belgrade, Serbia. Jelena MARTINOVIC Laboratory Dept., Rakovica Community Health Center, Belgrade, Serbia. Nela DJONOVIC Dept. of Hygiene and Ecology Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia AND Dept. of Health Promotion, Institute of Public Health Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia. 2015 10 11 2015 10 11 Background: Sedentary lifestyle represents a growing health problem and considering that there is already a range of unhealthy habits that are marked as health risk factors and the increasing prevalence of sedentary lifestyle worldwide, we aimed to investigate association of sedentary way of living in suburb, working class local community with socioec-onomic determinants such as educational level, occupation and income status. Methods: In this community-based cross-sectional study, 1126 independently functioning adults were enrolled into the study. The study protocol included a complete clinical and biochemical investigation revealing age, gender, lipid status, height, weight and blood pressure. Trained interviewers (nurses) collected information from patients about cur-rent state of chronic diseases (diabetes mellitus, arterial hypertension) smoking, medication and other socioeconomic data. Descriptive analysis, Chi-square and logistic regression were performed as statistical calculations. Results: Patients with elementary school were seven times more likely to be classified in category with sedentary life-style compared to patients with college or faculty degree. Being retired and reporting low income were significantly associated with higher odds of sedentary behavior when compared with students and patients with high-income status, respectively. Conclusions: The significance of this study lies in the fact that our results may help to easier identification of patients who may have a tendency towards a sedentary lifestyle. https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/3355 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/3355/3074

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 44 8 2015 10 11 1061 1071 EN Si ZHANG Pathogens Biology Institute, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Gansu, China AND Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Fengtai District of Beijing City, Beijing, China. Zhaolian LU Pathogens Biology Institute, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Gansu, China. Hongmei LIANG Pathogens Biology Institute, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Gansu, China. Ximei FU Pathogens Biology Institute, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Gansu, China. Yan ZHANG Dept. of Anesthesiology, First Hospital, Lanzhou University, Gansu, China. Xin LIU Institute of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Gansu, China. Genshu BAO Pathogens Biology Institute, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Gansu, China Tao JING Pathogens Biology Institute, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Gansu, China Xuan WANG Pathogens Biology Institute, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Gansu, China AND Suqian Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu, China. Meng WANG Pathogens Biology Institute, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Gansu, China AND Tianjin First Center Hospital, Tianjin, China. Julong WU Pathogens Biology Institute, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Gansu, China AND Shandong Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong, China. Gen CHEN Pathogens Biology Institute, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Gansu, China AND Key Lab of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province, Gansu, China. 2015 10 11 2015 10 11 Background: 5-Fluorouracil could lead to a decline in fertility in Caenorhabditis elegans. The aim of this study was to describe the mechanisms underlying such an altered fertility phenotype and to illustrate the specific genes and path-ways that are involved in the related phenotypic changes in C. elegans. Methods: We isolated total RNA from the samples and used a new method called Digital Gene Expression (DGE), which can rapidly identify genes with altered transcript levels. The random genes were confirmed by real-time RT-PCR. Results: We analyzed the results of two methods to draw conclusions based on a comparison between C. elegans and other harmful parasites. Compared with controls, 1147 genes were up-regulated, and 1067 were down-regulated. Overall, 101 up-regulated genes had a log2 ratio higher than 8, whereas the log2 ratio of 141 down-regulated genes was higher than 8. After mapping to the reference database, 4 pathways were confirmed to be involved in this phe-nomenon, with statistically significant participation from 19 genes. Conclusion: For the first time, the transcript sequence of 5-Fu-treated worms and controls was detected. We found that 4 possible pathways, i.e., ECM-receptor interaction pathway, TGF-beta signaling pathway, Focal adhesion and Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, may be involved in the number decline in the embryos of C. elegans. Specifically, the ECM-receptor interaction pathway and Focal adhesion may be very important pathways that alter the reproduction of C. elegans. https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/3356 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/3356/3075

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 44 8 2015 10 11 1072 1083 EN Neda KAFFASH-CHARANDABI GIS Dept., K.N.Toosi University of Technology, Tehran, Iran. Abolghasem SADEGHI-NIARAKI GIS Dept., K.N.Toosi University of Technology, Tehran, Iran AND Dept. of Geoinformatic Eng., Inha University, Incheon, South Korea. Dong-Kyun PARK U-Healthcare Center, Gachon University, Gil Hospital, Incheon, South Korea. 2015 10 11 2015 10 11 Background: Cardiac arrest is a condition in which the heart is completely stopped and is not pumping any blood. Although most cardiac arrest cases are reported from homes or hospitals, about 20% occur in public areas. Therefore, these areas need to be investigated in terms of cardiac arrest incidence so that places of high incidence can be identi-fied and cardiac rehabilitation defibrillators installed there. Methods: In order to investigate a study area in Petersburg, Pennsylvania State, and to determine appropriate places for installing defibrillators with 5-year period data, swarm intelligence algorithms were used. Moreover, the location of the defibrillators was determined based on the following five evaluation criteria: land use, altitude of the area, econom-ic conditions, distance from hospitals and approximate areas of reported cases of cardiac arrest for public places that were created in geospatial information system (GIS). Results: The A-P HADEL algorithm results were more precise about 27.36%. The validation results indicated a wider coverage of real values and the verification results confirmed the faster and more exact optimization of the cost func-tion in the PSO method. Conclusion: The study findings emphasize the necessity of applying optimal optimization methods along with GIS and precise selection of criteria in the selection of optimal locations for installing medical facilities because the selected algorithm and criteria dramatically affect the final responses. Meanwhile, providing land suitability maps for installing facilities across hot and risky spots has the potential to save many lives. https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/3357 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/3357/3076

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 44 8 2015 10 11 1084 1094 EN Tao TIAN College of Ec No Abstract. https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/15579 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/15579/7019

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 49 10 2020 09 29 1868 1877 Şükran GÜZEL Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Clinic, Ankara Diskapi Yildirim Beyazit Education and Research Hospital, University of Health Sciences, Ankara, Turkey Eda GÜRÇAY Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Clinic, Ankara Diskapi Yildirim Beyazit Education and Research Hospital, University of Health Sciences, Ankara, Turkey Ebru KARACA UMAY Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Clinic, Ankara Diskapi Yildirim Beyazit Education and Research Hospital, University of Health Sciences, Ankara, Turkey Serdar MERCİMEKÇİ Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Clinic, Ankara Diskapi Yildirim Beyazit Education and Research Hospital, University of Health Sciences, Ankara, Turkey Aytül ÇAKCI Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Clinic, Ankara Diskapi Yildirim Beyazit Education and Research Hospital, University of Health Sciences, Ankara, Turkey 2018 09 08 2019 01 30 Background: To evaluate the nutritional status of patients with neurological diseases during the rehabilitation process and to investigate the relationships between the nutritional status and disease severity and clinical evaluation outcomes. Methods: In this prospective trial, 109 patients with a disease duration of <6 months, hospitalized for neurological rehabilitation in Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Clinic, Ankara, Turkey were enrolled from 2014-17. All patients were assessed with the Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE) test, European Quality of Life Scale (Euro-QoL), Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), Pittsburg Rehabilitation Participation Scale (PRPS), and Functional Ambulation Category (FAC). Nutritional status was analyzed by biochemical and anthropometric parameters. The patients received a conventional rehabilitation program and a nutritional support according to clinical and laboratory findings for 4 weeks. The outcome data were evaluated at baseline and at the end of 4-week treatment. Results: Linear regressions analysis revealed that the significant independent predictors that associated positively with baseline insulin (P=0.010) and negatively with baseline cortisol (P=0.020) levels were Brunnstrom upper and hand stages. Additionally, the significant independent predictor that associated positively with baseline insulin (P=0.041) was Brunnstrom lower stage. Conclusion: Insulin and cortisol levels may be predictors in motor function recovery of stroke patients in rehabilitation process. Early detection and treatment of malnutrition both during hospitalization and follow-up might be important for the improvement of outcomes. https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/14663 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/14663/7002

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 49 10 2020 10 01 1839 1847 Negar BIZHANI Department of Medical Parasitology and Mycology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Saeideh HASHEMI HAFSHEJANI Department of Medical Parasitology and Mycology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Neda MOHAMMADI Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Mehdi REZAEI Department of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea Mohammad Bagher ROKNI Department of Medical Parasitology and Mycology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran 2020 09 29 Background: Cysticercosis in among the neglected tropical disease caused by eating the egg of parasite Taenia solium. In this review, we aimed to verify the prevalence of human cysticercosis in different countries of Asia using systematic review and meta-analysis approach. Methods: Based of the protocol, reliable databases including PubMed, SCOPUS, Science Direct, Embase, and Cochrane Library from 1990-2018 were searched using a panel of keywords. Overall, 48 countries of Asia were searched in turn and data were analyzed using a category of statistical tests. Results: Out of 28 included studies, 586175 samples were collected and included in the data analysis. Based on the meta-analysis results, the overall pooled percent of cysticercosis was estimated 3.8% (95% CI: [2.0, 7.0]). According to the result of heterogeneity statistics including I-squared, chi-square, and tau-squared, it was statistically significant (Tau2 = 2.94, chi2 = 12733.31, P value <0.001, I2 = 100%) therefore a random effect model was used to handle the heterogeneity of studies. To evaluate the trend of cysticercosis over the time, Cumulative meta-analysis was performed and the result showed that there was a minor upward tendency in the prevalence of cysticercosis over the time. Conclusion: Although, considering the religious culture and food habits in Asia, we might have expected to witness a low prevalence of human cysticercosis, but we noticed more or less significant infection in some countries of the region. Regarding the new feature of immigration and travel between countries, all authorities are advised to take measures on controlling and monitoring the disease. https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/22366

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 49 10 2020 10 01 2006 2008 Marjan MOHAMMADZADEH Department of Community Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Malaysia Hamidin AWANG Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine and Health sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Malaysia Cheah Yt JUN Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine and Health sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Malaysia Nor Fauziah HASHIM Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine and Health sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Malaysia Archana PREMKUMAR Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine and Health sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Malaysia 2018 10 27 2018 11 10 N/A https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/15119 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/15119/7020

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 49 10 2020 10 01 1878 1884 EN Haemi JEE Department of Physical Therapy, Namseoul University, Cheonan-si, Korea 2020 07 24 2020 09 29 Background: Increased exercise repetitions and intensities need to be compared between dominant and non-dominant sides to prevent asymmetrically conducted movements for possible dyskinesia. Methods: A total of 20 participants were enrolled from Inha University, Incheon, Korea in 2019. They were assessed for comparisons of asymmetrical motion between the dominant and non-dominant arms during the abduction and adduction lateral raises during more than fifteen repetitions and low and high exercise intensity by giving different weight loads based on 1-RM. Results: Repetition led to significant reductions in range of motion for both dominant and non-dominant sides. In addition, increased repetitions led to significant greater reductions in range of motion especially toward the last phases of repetitions. Moreover, the dominant side showed significantly increased accelerations with increased intensities. Conclusion: Increased repetitions and exercise intensity led to reduced range of motion and increased accelerations especially for the dominant sides. Dispersing kinematics should be considered to minimize possible dyskinesia between the symmetric sides when performing repetitive and loading physical activity. https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/21599 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/21599/7003

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 49 10 2020 10 01 2009 2010 EN Minxing ZHAO Department of Intellectual Property Law, Baoding University, Hebei, China 2018 05 15 2018 05 27 No abstract https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/13380 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/13380/7021

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 49 10 2020 10 01 1885 1893 Huawei LIN Department of Medicine, Shandong Medical College, Jinan 250002, P.R. China Jing CHANG Department of Medical Oncology, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Shandong First Medical University, Affiliated Hospital of Shan-dong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan 250031, P.R. China Jun LI Department of Medical Oncology, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Shandong First Medical University, Affiliated Hospital of Shan-dong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan 250031, P.R. China 2020 06 17 2020 09 29 Background: To investigate the effects of docetaxel combined with icotinib on tumor markers in serum and quality of life of patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Methods: Overall, 121 patients with advanced NSCLC, admitted to the Third Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, China from 2017- 2018 were selected as subjects. Among them, 58 patients treated with docetaxel combined with icotinib for chemotherapy were considered as study group, and 63 patients treated with paclitaxel combined with carboplatin as control group. The clinical efficacy, adverse reactions, and ECOG scores of the two groups were observed. CEA, CA125, and SCC (Tumor markers) levels of the two groups before and after treatment were detected by chemiluminescence immunoassay (CLIA). Results: The leukopenia, oral mucosa ulcer and mild numbness in the control group were significantly higher than those in the study group (P<0.05). After treatment, ECOG scores of both groups decreased (P<0.05), and the ECOG score of the study group was significantly higher than that of the control group (P<0.05). The serum CEA, CA125 and SCC levels of the study group and the control group after treatment decreased significantly compared with that before treatment (P<0.05). Conclusion: Application of docetaxel combined with icotinib for chemotherapy of patients with advanced NSCLC can effectively reduce the serum levels of CEA, SCC, and the CA125. Docetaxel combined with icotinib can significantly reduce adverse reactions and better improve the quality of life of patients compared with paclitaxel combined with carboplatin, which is worthy of clinical promotion. https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/21160 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/21160/7004

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 49 10 2020 10 01 2011 2013 EN Maryam KHEIROLLAHPOUR Institute of Graduate Studies (IGS), University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia Mahmoud DANAEE Academic Development Centre (ADEC), Deputy Vice Chancellor (Academic & International) Office, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia Amir Feisal MERICAN Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia AND Center of Research for Computational Sciences and Informatics in Biology, Bio Industry, Environment, Agriculture and Healthcare (CRYSTAL), University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia Asma Ahmad SHARIFF Center of Research for Computational Sciences and Informatics in Biology, Bio Industry, Environment, Agriculture and Healthcare (CRYSTAL), University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia AND Mathematics Division, Centre for Foundation Studies in Science (ASASI), University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia 2018 06 05 2020 09 30 No Abstract https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/13607 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/13607/7022

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 49 10 2020 10 01 1894 1901 Ji-Hoon CHO Department of Sport and Leisure Studies, Shingyeong University, Hwaseong, Republic of Korea Ki-Hyuk LEE Department of Sport Culture, Dongguk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea Seung-Taek LIM Institute of Sport Science, Kangwon National University, Gangwon-do, Republic of Korea AND Nasaret International Hospital, Incheon, Republic of Korea AND Waseda Institute for Sport Sciences, Waseda University, Saitama, Japan 2020 02 04 2020 05 29 Background: The purpose of this study was to find the basic data of medical and exercise therapy by indexing lumbar extension muscle strength of low back pain (LBP) patients. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 3078 chronic LBP participants from The J hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea, from 2003 to 2010 were enrolled. Maximum muscle strength was measured at maximum flexion angle and maximum extension angle according to range of motion (ROM) results. For each isometric test, participants were seated and secured in the MEDX (medx lumbar extension machine, Ocala, FL, USA) machine. Results: The relative ROM (P=0.012) differed significantly among the aged groups in all participants. In addition, mean of strength (P<0.001), maximal of strength (P<0.001), mean of strength %BW (P<0.001) and maximal of strength %BW (P<0.001) are significant differences in all participants. The results of multiple regression analysis was the ‘model A’, maximal of strength for 32.1% of the variance in weigh, body mass index and range of motion. In addition, ‘model B’ was 30.4%, ‘model Crd School of Public Health, Massachusetts, United States 2023 03 27 2023 06 13 Background: Domestic violence is defined as the combined pattern of physical, psychological, economic and/or sexual violence against a family member. Intimate partner violence is the most common form. We aimed to present the basic characteristics of the Montenegrin families and family members affected by domestic violence, with the intent to inform the global mosaic of differences related to cultural specificities. Methods: A cross-sectional study was performed using 323 cases judicially processed and officially judged according to Criminal Act from 2015-2017 in Montenegro. Socioeconomic characteristic were investigated followed by analysis of many variables. Results: Demographic characteristics, socio-economic status, and other characteristics of the perpetrators and the victims, as well as characteristics of violent act with posible risk factors, are presented. The results of case-control analyisis of intimate-partner relationships are given, too. Conclusion: A typical example of domestic violence in Montenegro shows an intimate couple with a violent male and a victimized female partner, living in a rented residence in the suburbs, with both partners in the fourth decade of their lives. The most frequent income level was poor, with half of the batterers and nearly three quarters of the victims unsatisfied with their marriage. The increased presence of such factors (both modifiable and unmodifiable) in the partiarchical families suffering from domestic violence should spark interest in public health and government authorities regarding domestic violence screening adapted for patriarchical societies. https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/31574 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/31574/7961

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 52 6 2023 06 13 1225 1237 EN Xiao Xiao Urology Department, Chongqing University Fuling Hospital, Chongqing, 408000, PR China Junxiong Peng Urology Department, Chongqing University Fuling Hospital, Chongqing, 408000, PR China Yong Chen Urology Department, Chongqing University Fuling Hospital, Chongqing, 408000, PR China Xingshan Lu Urology Department, Chongqing University Fuling Hospital, Chongqing, 408000, PR China Wei Sun Urology Department, Chongqing University Fuling Hospital, Chongqing, 408000, PR China Weizhong Xiao Urology Department, Chongqing University Fuling Hospital, Chongqing, 408000, PR China Mengjuan Yuan Urology Department, Chongqing University Fuling Hospital, Chongqing, 408000, PR China Xiaolan Huang Urology Department, Chongqing University Fuling Hospital, Chongqing, 408000, PR China 2022 03 02 2022 05 19 Background: Bladder cancer (BCa) is one of the most common urinary tract malignancies. Our study aimed to provide promising biomarkers for BCa screening and prognosis. Methods: BCa samples were obtained from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) datasets. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were analysed by GO/KEGG analysis. Univariate Cox hazard analysis and Kaplan Meier Curve clarified the relevance of DEGs and survival. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve showed the discrimination ability of DEGs in BCa patient outcome prediction. RT-PCR was used to validate gene expression. Results: Overall, 61 common up regulated and 170 common down-regulated genes in BCa were obtained. DEGs were mainly enriched in proliferation and metastasis processes. CDC20, COL14A1, SPARCL1, TMOD1, RHOJ, FXYD6 and MFAP4 had clinical relevance to survival with high accuracy. CDC20, SPARCL1 and TMOD1 are promising biomarkers of BCa. CDC20, SPARCL1 and TMOD1 are involved in cancer immune infiltration. Conclusion: CDC20, SPARCL1 and TMOD1 are promising biomarkers of bladder cancer. In addition, CDC20, SPARCL1 and TMOD1 are involved in cancer immune infiltration, which provides new targets in immune therapy in bladder cancer. https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/28039 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/28039/7962

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 52 6 2023 06 13 1238 1247 Jagoda Gavrilovic 1. Department of Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia 2. Clinic for Infectious Diseases, University Clinical Centre Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia Marija Kovacevic Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia Dragana Ignjatovic Ristic 1. Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia 2. Clinic of Psychiatry, University Clinical Centre Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia Marija Peulic Center of Medical Oncology, University Clinical Centre Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia Aleksandar Gavrilovic 1. Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia 2. Clinic of Neurology, University Clinical Centre Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia 2022 11 02 2023 04 25 Background: We aimed to determine the level of hope in breast cancer patients along with the influence of sociodemographic characteristics on the expressed level of hope. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted on the sample size of 72 female patients with breast cancer diagnosis. The study was conducted at the University Clinical Center of Kragujevac, Serbia from November 2020 until March 2022. Data were collected from the patients in a form of the Sociodemographic Variables Questionnaire (Q-SV). The Herth Hope Index (HHI) was used in assessing the level of hope. Results: The value of the total HHI score was ranging from 14 to 48, whereas the mean value of the HHI score was 40.00±5.92. The significantly higher level of hope was reported in female patients who: searched the Internet for gathering information on their disease (39.24±6.23; P=0.047), were religious (38.77±6.13; P=0.003), believed in God (38.45±5.51; P=0.004), had no formal medical education (38.44±5.75; P=0.036) and after therapy (38.76±6.49; P=0.022). Conclusion: Hope is an existential internal resource possibly affecting the manner in which female patients perceive their own health state and future as well. A better understanding of the meaning of hope during treatment can be of great value in supporting cancer patients.   https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/30292 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/30292/7963

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 52 6 2023 06 13 1248 1258 Huilan Bao The Endocrinology Department, the People’s Hospital, Jinhua, 321000, China 2023 03 20 2023 06 13 Background: Message framing is a low-cost and effective intervention method to improve diabetics’ health behaviors. The study aimed to investigate the impacts of positive and negative message framing interventions on the self-management activities and self-efficacy of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Method: Overall, 102 T2DM patients from Jinhua People’s Hospital of China were recruited and divided into three groups: positive and negative message framing intervention groups and a control group. A 12-week experiment was implemented on the first two groups. Then, the differences of the patients’ self-management activities and self-efficacies were analyzed between the experimental and control groups. Finally, the mediating effect of self-efficacy between two types of message framing interventions and patients’ self-management activities was investigated. Results: Both positive and negative message framing interventions could significantly improve the T2DM patients’ self-management activities in diet, blood glucose testing, foot care, and medication taking (P<0.05), meanwhile significantly improving their self-efficacies along the nutrition, physical exercise and weight, medical treatment, blood sugar, and feet check (P<0.05). Results of the difference analysis for both within-group and inter-group showed that, compared with the positive messaging framing intervention, the negative one had more significant effects on enhancing the patients’ self-management activities and self-efficacy. Self-efficacy had only a mediating effect between negative messaging framing intervention and self-management activities (β = 0.94, 95% CI: 0.0934 – 0.456). Conclusion: Negative messaging framing intervention could better enrich T2DM patients’ diabetes knowledge through offering threatening information, thereby enhancing their self-efficacies, and ultimately improve their self-management activities. https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/31523 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/31523/7964

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 52 6 2023 06 13 1259 1268 Hasti Masihay-Akbar Research Center for Social Determinants of Health, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Parisa Amiri Research Center for Social Determinants of Health, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Parisa Naseri Research Center for Social Determinants of Health, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Fereidoun Azizi Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran 2021 12 09 2022 04 30 Abstract Background: We aimed to investigate the latent smoking classes in men and their association with health-related quality of life (HRQoL) of themselves, their wives and offspring. Methods: Using Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study (TLGS), 1781 men with marital stability and 8-18-year-old offspring were followed for 15 years (1999-2014). Latent class growth modeling (LCGM) was used to identify men's smoking patterns in 1139 men with at least three non-missing measurements of cigarettes per day (CPD); they had 1908 children (8-18 years at baseline). HRQoL and its physical and mental component summaries (PCS and MCS) was measured at the last follow-up using the SF-12v2 questionnaire. The associations of men's smoking classes with HRQoL of the family members were examined using generalized linear model. Results: LCGM revealed four trajectories for men's smoking patterns; non/rare smokers, decreasing light, persistent moderate smokers, and persistent heavy smokers. Persistent smoking men, regardless of the amount of smoking (light or heavy), had lower scores in general health (ß= -7.80 for moderate and ß= -10.71 for heavy class) but not overall PCS. Al three trajectories of smoker men had poorer overall MCS than non/rare smokers. Living with persistent heavy smoker men was associated with decreased overall MCS in women (ß= -4.20), in particular role emotional (ß= -8.82) and mental health (ß= -9.42). No significant association was detected between fathers' smoking patterns and offspring HRQoL in young adulthood. Conclusion: Our results show men's heavy and persistent smoking worsens their own and their spouses' HRQoL, mainly in mental health dimensions.   Keywords: ; ; ; ;     https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/27132 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/27132/7965

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 52 6 2023 06 13 1269 1277 EN Parisa Mehdizadeh Health Management Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Valiollah Baigi Department of Geriatric Medicine, Ziaeian Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Ehsan Teymourzadeh Health Management Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran 2021 08 22 2023 06 13 Background: One approach to reducing the burden of diseases can be to identify socioeconomically vulnerable groups. We aimed to estimate the socioeconomic inequality of in-hospital deaths using relative and absolute indices of socioeconomic inequality. Methods: In this retrospective cohort study on Covid-19 patients; age, gender, marital status, education level, date of admission, diagnostic method, and final condition were measured. Socioeconomic inequality in in-hospital death was assessed using three approaches. We used the relative index of inequality (RII) to measure relative inequality. We used two approaches to evaluate absolute inequality: the slope index of inequality (SII) and the concentration index (ci). Results: Overall, 587 patients’ data were collected and 42 (7.2%) of these patients died in the hospital. There were statistically significant differences between the case-fatality rates of different levels of education (P<0.001). In addition, all the inequality indices showed that the distribution of COVID-19-related deaths was higher among the lower education levels. Accordingly, after controlling the effect of age, gender, and comorbidities the RII indicated that the case fatality rate in the lowest education level was 9.42 (95% CI: 2.23 to 39.01, P<0.001) times compared to the case fatality rate in the highest level of education. Conclusion: The results of all three approaches indicate considerable education inequality in CFR in favor of groups of high education levels. These results can improve the prioritization and impact of public health interventions, including prevention and diagnosis of Covid-19 in favor of vulnerable groups. https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/26031 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/26031/7966

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 52 6 2023 06 13 1278 1288 EN Sima Nazarpour Department of Midwifery, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Varamin-Pishva Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran Afshin Shokati Poursani Department of Chemical Engineering, Health, Safety & Environment, Najafabad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Najafabad, Iran Masoumeh Simbar Midwifery and Reproductive Health Research Center, Department of Midwifery and Reproductive Health, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Razieh Bidhendi Yarandi Department of Biostatistics, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran 2022 01 05 2022 04 10 Background: We aimed to investigate the relationship between air pollution and the Infant mortality rate (IMR) during nearly ten years in Tehran, Iran. Methods: This study is a retrospective cohort case using time series analysis. Air pollution monitoring data during the study period (2009-2018) were collected from the information of 23 Air Quality Control Centers in different areas of Tehran. For this purpose, the daily measures of PM10, PM2.5, O3, CO, SO2, NO2 were obtained. Data on infant mortality was obtained from the National Statistics Office of Iran and mortality registered in Tehran's main cemetery during the study period. Distributed lag linear and non-linear models were used. Results: A total of 23,206 infant deaths were reported during the study period. Following an increase of 10 ug/m3 in PM10 in an early day of exposure, the risk of mortality increased significantly (RR=1.003, 95%CI:1.001-1.005). There is a pick on lag 5-10 that shows a very strong and immediate effect of cold temperature which means that cold temperatures increase the risk of mortality at an early time. At cold temperate, (var=0 and lag 0) risk of infant mortality was significantly higher than reference temperature (19˚C) (RR=1.1295, %CI: 1.01-1.25). Conclusion: The results show the adverse effects of PM10 exposure on infant mortality in Tehran, Iran. Accordingly, a steady decline in PM10 levels in Tehran may have greater benefits in reducing the Infant mortality rate. https://ijph