Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 38 3 2009 09 15 1 11 A Mirzazadeh Physiology Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Iran B Sadeghirad Neuroscience Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Iran AA Haghdoost Physiology Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Iran F Bahreini Physiology Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Iran M Rezazadeh Kermani Medical Student Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Iran 2015 10 03 Background: There is a great deal of descriptive studies on obesity in Iran, mostly assessed the prevalence and its relation­ship with various risk factors and chronic diseases. In order to obtain/give a better insight into the epidemiology of obesity in Iran in recent years and assess its heterogeneity around the country, we reviewed systematically all available studies and ana­lyzed their findings using Meta-analysis. Methods: All published papers in Iranian and international journals, final reports of research projects, papers in relevant con­gresses, proceeding books and dissertations of students were reviewed. Those findings, which published between 1997 and 2007 and met eligible criteria, were entered in meta-analysis (Random Model). Results: Fifty eight eligible papers (out of 219) including 132864 individuals were entered into analysis. The overall preva­lence of obesity for adults (>18 yr) and children (<18y) was 21.5% (CI95% 17.4-25.6) and 5.5% (CI95% 4.5-6.4), respec­tively. The prevalence of obesity in boys and girls (<18y) was 5.3% (CI95% 4.1-6.4) and 4.8% (CI95% 4.0-5.7), respec­tively. It increased in both adult men and women to 13.7% (CI95% 10.9-16.7) and 27.3% (CI95% 21.3-33.4), respectively. Meta regression indicated that only age explained a considerable proportion of the observed heterogeneity among women. Conclusion: In overall, the risk of obesity was greater in women, but even in adults, the prevalence was less than that in devel­oped countries. The percentage of obesity was increased by aging, especially in women. There were large variations in the re­ported prevalence of obesity in Iran; it is mainly because of the different in the distributions of age and sex among the sub­jects. https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/3164 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/3164/2963

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 38 3 2009 09 15 12 16 N Parvaneh Dept. of Pediatrics, Infectious Disease Research Center, Children's Medical Center, Tehran Universit B Pourakbari Dept. of Pediatrics, Infectious Disease Research Center, Children's Medical Center, Tehran Universit KH Daneshjoo Dept. of Pediatrics, Imam Khomeini Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Iran H Ashraf Dept. of Pediatrics, Infectious Disease Research Center, Children's Medical Center, Tehran Universit A Salavati Dept. of Pediatrics, Infectious Disease Research Center, Children's Medical Center, Tehran Universit S Mamishi Dept. of Pediatrics, Infectious Disease Research Center, Children’s Medical Center, Tehran Universit 2015 10 03 Background: Cytokines and specially interferon-gamma (IFN-g) are largely responsible for the regulation of the protective im­mune response against mycobacterial infections. Several studies have clarified the importance of common variants of IFN-g gene regarding the susceptibility to tuberculosis. Bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccine that is used to prevent se­vere forms of tuberculosis could produce local and systemic side effects. In this study we hypothesized that the IFN-g (+874T/A) polymorphism was associated with development of BCG adenitis. Methods: Thirty patients with BCG adenitis (18 males and 12 females) and 30 age and sex-matched healthy children, vacci­nated with BCG during the first two days of life were chosen. All the patients and controls were of Iranian Fars origin and the study was conducted from 2005 to 2007. DNA samples were obtained from 30 patients with BCG adenitis and 30 age and sex matched healthy vaccinees. Polymorphism at +874 was identified using allele specific polymerase chain reac­tion. Allele and genotype frequencies in cases and controls were compared using the χ2 test and odds ratios (OR) and their 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated. Results: The minor allele (T) frequency was significantly lower in patients with BCG adenitis compared to controls (35% vs. 55%, P= 0.02, OR= 0.441, 95% CI= 0.211-0.919). The Armitage trend test revealed a gradually increasing protection from the AA genotype through AT to TT (common odds ratio= 0.49; P= 0.037). Conclusion: Our data suggest that in an Iranian population, the IFN-g (+874T/A) polymorphism is associated with develop­ment of BCG adenitis in the vaccinees. https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/3165 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/3165/2964

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 38 3 2009 09 15 17 23 M Aarabi Dept. of Reproductive Genetics and Biotechnology, Reproductive Biotechnology Research Center, Avesin K Saliminejad Dept. of Reproductive Genetics and Biotechnology, Reproductive Biotechnology Research Center, Avesin MR Sadeghi Dept. of Reproductive Genetics and Biotechnology, Reproductive Biotechnology Research Center, Avesin H Soltanghoraee Avesina Infertility Clinic, Avesina Research Institute, Tehran, Iran N Amirjannati Avesina Infertility Clinic, Avesina Research Institute, Tehran, Iran MH Modarressi 2015 10 03 Background: Deletions of the DAZ (deleted in azoospermia) genes within the human Y chromosome's AZFc region are the most common cause of spermatogenesis failure. These deletions are usually assessed by analyses of genomic DNA ex­tracted from peripheral leukocytes. DAZ genes are expressed in male germ cells. In this prospective study, we investigated DAZ expression and deletion in 102 consecutive infertile men presenting with non-obstructive azoospermia in Avesina Re­search Institute, Tehran, Iran during 2005-6. Methods: In this prospective study, we extracted genomic DNA from peripheral blood leukocytes for detection of DAZ dele­tions and testicular biopsies for histopathological assessment and analyses of DAZ expression level by reverse transcrip­tion polymerase chain reaction. DAZ levels were normalized to expression of the housekeeping Phosphoglu-comu­tase 1 gene. Results:  In four out of 102 patients (3.9%), we found DAZ deletion. DAZ expression was observed in 60 (61.2%) of 98 other patients. Expression was not detected in patients with Sertoli cell-only syndrome, but observed in 37 of 40 (92.5%) pa­tients with maturation arrest and 20 of 26 (76.9%) with hypospermatogenesis. Conclusion: The absence of DAZ expression could result in quantitative reduction of germ cells and might be observed de­spite of normal genomic DNA constitution. We recommend to check DAZ testicular expression and genomic DNA deletion, in non-obstructive azoospermia. This is more recommended to avoid transmission of genetic abnormalities which might lead to infertility in male offspring, when assisted reproductive techniques (ART) are  performed. https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/3166 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/3166/2965

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 38 3 2009 09 15 24 30 MR Abbaszadegan Division of Human Genetics, Immunology Research Center, Avicenna Research Institute, Mashhad Univers H Asadzadeh Aghdayi Internal Medicine Ward, Razavi Hospital, Mashhad, Iran F Rastin Dept. of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Imam Reza Hospital, MUMS, Mashhad, Iran E Dadkhah Division of Human Genetics, Immunology Research Center, Avicenna Research Institute, Mashhad Univers M Lotfalizadeh N Mohamadian Roshan M Farzadnia A Velayati A A'rabi 2015 10 03 Background: This study was designed to determine the frequency of Microsatellite Instability (MSI) in young Iranian pa­tients with endometrial carcinoma and to evaluate its association with histopathologic and clinical features of disease. Methods: Microsatellite status was analyzed in 23 patients with endometrioid type endometrial cancer who were less than 55 years. Clinicopathologic characteristics such as age, International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetric (FIGO) grad­ing and staging of tumor, family history of Hereditary Non-polyposis Colorectal Cancer (HNPCC), oral conception (OC) consump­tion, number of pregnancies, fertility, menstrual cycles and underlying disease were considered. Chi-square and Fisher exact tests were used to find the significant relationships. Results: MSI analysis showed 8 patients (34.8%) were MSS (Microsatellite Stable), 15 patients (62.5%) were MSI positive. Among cases with MSI phenotype, 4 cases (17.4%) had low instability (MSI-L) and 11 cases (47.8%) had high instability (MSI-H). Three cases with MSI-H had family history of HNPCC related cancers. Five cases (21.7%) had infertility in which 4 of them (80%) had MSI phenotype. There was no statistically significant relationship between MSI phenotype and tumor grade and stage. Conclusion: Few studies reported high frequency of MSI among young patients. Some studies mentioned similar results in endo­metrioid type of tumor. This study showed even higher frequency (65%) when MSI analyzed in young endometrioid type endometrial patients. Most cases with infertility had MSI-H phenotype. It may suggest that beside women with family his­tory of HNPCC, EC screening using MSI would be beneficial in infertile women too.   https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/3167 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/3167/2966

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 38 3 2009 09 15 31 38 JC Nmor Dept. of Global Health Development Policy Science, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Nagasaki Universi JO Onojafe Dept. of Zoology, Delta State University, Abraka, Nigeria BA Omu Dept. of Zoology, Delta State University, Abraka, Nigeria 2015 10 03 Background: The prevalence and intensity of soil-transmitted helminth infections and the anthropogenic risk factors of 978 ran­domly selected primary school children from Igbede community in Isoko South Local Government Area of Delta State Southern Nigeria were evaluated. Methods: Subjects were screened for the presence of STH using direct smear method and kato-katz techniques. This study was conducted between April and December, 2007 and comprised of 516 (52.76%) males and 462 (47.24%) females be­tween the age of 5 and 13 years. Results: Nine hundred and seven (92.74%) of the subjects were infected by soil-transmitted helminthes (STH). The overall prevalence by species was Ascaris lumbricoides (76.89%), Hookworm (54.60%) and Trichuris Trichiura (29.24%). Three hundred and eight two (39.40%) were infected with two or more STH. The prevalence and intensity of all species of STH significantly varied with age (P< 0.05), with highest prevalence in age group 5-7 years. The sex related prevalence showed that males were more infected for all species of STH than females, but this was only statistically significant for hookworm (P< 0.05). Multiple logistic regression analysis for the epidemiological variable showed that walking barefoot was the only risk factor for hookworm infection while licking of fingers as well as drinking from well and surface tank was risk factors for A. lumbricoides and T. trichiura infections. Conclusion: Considering the high prevalence of STH observed from this study, establishment of sustainable and regular deworming programme in the community coupled with health education messages on good hygienic practices are highly essential. https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/3168 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/3168/2967

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 38 3 2009 09 15 39 45 L Yazdanpanah F Shidfar JA Moosavi H Heidarnazhad H Haghani 2015 10 03 Background: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is considered a major public health problem in the world. Weight loss, muscle and fat mass depletion are common nutritional problems in COPD patients and are determinant factors in pul­monary function, health status, disability and mortality. In the present study, we assessed nutritional status in COPD pa­tients. Methods: This cross-sectional study was performed in the Rasul-e-Akram Hospital, Tehran, Iran on 63 COPD patients with mean age (SD) of 67.6 (9.4) years. All subjects were diagnosed by a pulmonary specialist and based on a spirometry test. They were divided into three groups (2, 3, 4 stages of disease). Anthropometric and biochemical indices, body composition analy­ses by bioelectric impedance, spirometry test and determination of disease severity were performed for all subjects. All analy­ses were performed using the SPSS 14. All data presented as means (± sd).  Results: Reduction of body mass index (BMI), Mid-Arm Muscle Circumference (MAMC) and Fat-Free Mass (FFM) were ob­served alongside an increase in disease severity but it was not significant. Significant reduction of Fat Mass (FM) (P= 0.007), Fat Mass Index (FMI) (P= 0.03) and biochemical indices like Albumin (P= 0.000) and Total Protein (P= 0.04) were associ­ated with an increase in disease stages. Conclusion: It is suggested that in addition to BMI, other nutritional status indices like MAMC, FFM and FM should be used for early diagnosis of malnutrition before weight loss occurs. https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/3169 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/3169/2968

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 38 3 2009 09 15 46 53 F Zaini M Mahmoudi ASA Mehbod P Kordbacheh cid Ammonium Salt Inhibits Apoptosis and Phenotypic Transformation of Co-Culture of Myeloma Cells and Renal Tubular Epithelial Cells by Reducing the Secretion of Light Chain Protein 2078 2086 Xiaoyan YU Department of Nephrology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar161000, P.R. China Jie BAO Department of Hematopathology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar161000, P.R. China Xinyu CUI Department of Hematopathology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar161000, P.R. China Fengxia DU Department of Pathogenic Biology, Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar161006, P.R. China Yuefei WANG Department of Physiology, Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar161006, P.R. China Lili BI Department of Hematopathology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar161000, P.R. China Jun SUN Department of Hematopathology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar161000, P.R. China Ling LI Department of Hematopathology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar161000, P.R. China 2020 04 24 2020 10 27 Background: We investigate the effects of NFκB inhibitor pyrrolidinedithiocarbamic acid ammonium salt (PDTC) on the viability, apoptosis and cell phenotype of HK-2 cells in the co-culture system of myeloma cells in renal tubular epithelial cells. Methods: This study was performed in Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar, China from Jun 2018 to Jan 2019. RPMI-8226 cells and HK-2 cells were inoculated in the co-culture chamber and cultured to establish the co-culture system. An immunoturbidimetric assay was performed to detect κ light chain and λ light chain in RPMI-8226 cells. The effect of PDTC on the secretion of κ light chain and λ light chain of RPMI-8226 cells was detected by immunoturbidimetry and the ratio was calculated. Results: PDTC significantly increased the viability of HK-2 cells. PDTC reduced the apoptosis of renal tubular epithelial cells. After PDTC treatment, the expression of cell surface marker E-cadherin decreased, and the expression of α-SMA increased, which induced the renal interstitial fibrosis. The secretion of κ light chain and λ light chain of RPMI-8226 cells was significantly decreased after the addition of PDTC, but the ratio was not changed. Conclusion: PDTC can inhibit the cell activity, promote apoptosis, and reduce the secretion of secretion of κ light chain and λ light chain through inhibiting the NF-κB pathway activation of myeloma cell RPMI-8226. https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/20484 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/20484/7034

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 49 11 2020 10 27 2044 2053 Jianxin TAO Department of General Surgery, Wuxi People’s Hospital, Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province, 214023, P.R. China Ye ZHANG Department of General Surgery, Wuxi People’s Hospital, Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province, 214023, P.R. China Tong WANG Department of General Surgery, Wuxi People’s Hospital, Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province, 214023, P.R. China 2018 09 13 2018 12 30 Background: Glucose transporter-1 (GLUT-1) has been differentially expressed in various malignancies including gastric cancer (GC). Several previous meta-analyses of GLUT-1 have some significant limitations, such as researching the association between GLUT-1 and various cancer types with no specificity, not studying clinicopathological parameters with GLUT-1, existing conspicuous heterogeneity and so forth. Therefore, we performed a meta-analysis to evaluate the association between GLUT-1 expression and survival of gastric cancer patients, as well as clinicopathological characteristics. Methods: We systematically searched PubMed, Embase, Web of Science and China National Knowledge Infrastructure for relevant studies in accordance with the applicable criteria up to Aug 2017. Hazard ratios (HRs) and odds ratios (ORs) with their 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were used as the effective measures. Results: A total of 13 studies involving 1972 patients were included in this meta-analysis. The results demonstrated that there was a significant association between GLUT-1 expression and overall survival (OS) (HR=1.45, 95% CI=1.13-1.87) or disease-free survival (DFS) (HR=2.18, 95% CI=1.46-3.25). Moreover, GLUT-1 expression was significantly correlated with worse tumor nodes metastases (TNM) stage (OR=0.34, 95% CI=0.28-0.43), presence of lymph node metastasis (OR=2.88, 95% CI=1.34-6.19), intestinal type of Lauren classification (OR=3.84, 95% CI=2.57-5.74) and invasion of serosa (OR=0.25, 95% CI=0.18-0.35). Conclusion: Our meta-analysis showed that GLUT-1 was significantly correlated with poor OS and DFS in gastric cancer. Additionally, GLUT-1 was also a potential prognostic indicator of aggressive clinicopathological parameters in gastric cancer. https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/14707 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/14707/7030

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 49 11 2020 10 28 2219 2221 Kewwan KIM Division of Sport Science, Incheon National University, Incheon, Republic of Korea AND Sport Science Institute, Incheon National University, Incheon, Republic of Korea Seji AHN Human Movement Science, Incheon National University, Incheon, Republic of Korea Kyoungkyu JEON Division of Sport Science, Incheon National University, Incheon, Republic of Korea AND Sport Science Institute, Incheon National University, Incheon, Republic of Korea 2020 03 26 2020 04 14 No Abstract https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/20136 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/20136/7052

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 49 11 2020 10 27 2087 2094 In-Dong KIM Department of Sports and Wellbeing, The Graduate School, Hanyang University, Ansan, Republic of Korea 2020 09 01 2020 10 27 Background: This study investigated the effect of sodium bicarbonate (HCO3-) intake on maximum muscle strength variables during eight weeks of high-intensity exercise of a sprinter. Methods: The study was conducted on 30 elite sprint athletes in Seoul, Republic of Korea as in 2016 with ≥3 yr of an athletic career by assigning 10 each to three groups (the control, training, and sodium bicarbonate-training combination groups [HCO3- and training group]). The training group and the HCO3- and training group participated in a high-intensity exercise program for 90 min per session, five days a week for eight weeks in total, and it involved 80%-90% heart rate max intensity increase every 2-3 weeks, and allocation of internal exercise, aquatic exercise, and hill exercise. HCO3- was provided to the HCO3- and training group, and involved an intake of 300 g of HCO3- per 1 kg body weight, once a day, 90 min prior to the high-intensity exercise program for eight weeks. Results: HCO3- intake during high-intensity training had a positive effect on maximum muscle strength. A positive effect was observed in the HCO3- and training groups; however, the effect on maximum muscle strength was stronger in the HCO3- and training groups. In particular, the effect on maximum muscle strength was observed during extension than during flexing starting from the fourth week of the exercise program with HCO3- intake. Conclusion: HCO3- intake during 8 weeks of high-intensity training began to have a positive effect on maximum muscle strength. Therefore, HCO3- intake during high-intensity exercise is effective in improving exercise capacity.         https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/22056 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/22056/7035

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 49 11 2020 10 27 2054 2059 Wenwen ZHAO General Practice Department, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang City, Hebei Province, China Rongying WANG General Practice Department, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang City, Hebei Province, China Yayi WANG General Practice Department, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang City, Hebei Province, China Min ZHANG General Practice Department, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang City, Hebei Province, China Tianlu YIN Department of Health Management, Affiliated Hospital of Hebei Engineering University, Handan 056002, P.R. China 2020 06 05 2020 10 27 To the ultimate overall goal to train sufficient numbers of highly qualified general practitioners. We analyzed the recent study on the necessity of medical humanities education for general practitioners and the status of the humanities education of general practitioners. Meanwhile, the model of medical humanities education for general practitioners in China in the future is prospected, with the support of the general practice departments in comprehensive tertiary hospitals. Improving the training mode of general practitioners is performed by a combination of enhancing their clinical skills and medical humanity education, cultivating high-quality general practice faculty by the use of innovative teaching methods. General practitioners need to have a comprehensive understanding of patients and their needs, integrate the whole process of "seeing patients" and "seeing people", consider the best interests of patients, and adopt the most effective treatment plan, which involves human value care and reflects medical humanistic quality. Therefore, general practitioners should have medical humanistic education. The general practice education system in the developed countries in Europe and America is relatively mature, and the medical humanistic quality education of general practitioners is explored early. On the other hand, in mainland China, general practice starts late and develops slowly, and the medical humanistic quality of general practitioners is not sufficiently paid attention to. Currently, there are still many problems to be further addressed and resolved. https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/21029 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/21029/7031

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 49 11 2020 10 28 2222 2224 EN Jeongmin LEE Department of Sport Industry Studies, Exercise Medicine and Rehabilitation Laboratory, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea Dong-il KIM Division of Health and Kinesiology, Incheon National University, Incheon, Republic of Korea AND Sport Science Institute, Incheon National University, Incheon, Republic of Korea 2020 08 12 2020 10 28 No Abstract https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/21792 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/21792/7053

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 49 11 2020 10 27 2095 2102 Taweewun SRISOOKKUM Department of Public Health, School of Medicine, University of Phayao, Maekha Subdistrict, Mueang Phayao, 56000 Thailand Ratana SAPBAMRER Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Sriphum, Mueang, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand 2019 05 27 2019 07 17 Background: We aimed to explain health symptoms and health literacy on the use of pesticides, investigate predicting factors and to formulate the health literacy model for the appropriate use of pesticides by cornfield farmers in the northern of Thailand. Methods: The reliability and validity from 246 samples were selected by proportional stratified random sampling. Data were collected through a questionnaire in 2016 in Phayao province and were analysed by descriptive statistics and logistic regression. Results:  All of samples exposed from paraquat, the mean years of farm experience were 14.1 yr and five groups of health symptoms from pesticides were muscle and skeleton, epithelial/ mucosal, neurobehavioral, gastrointestinal and endocrine group. The predicting factors had influenced the health literacy of cornfield farmers regarding the use of pesticides were as following: 1) attitude on pesticides exposure (OR= 1.43, CI=1.26-1.64), 2) prevention of the practice of pesticides exposure(OR= 1.03, CI=1.01-1.05) 3) outcome of the expectation on the prevention of pesticides exposure (OR= 0.584, CI=0.41-0.82), 4) the number of secondary occupation(OR= 0.58, CI=0.38-0.89). These affecting factors were considered for the construction of a health literacy model on the use of pesticides. It could predict the model at 42.5%. The health literacy model could be equal to constant (6.85) + attitude on pesticides exposure (0.36) + behavior on the prevention of pesticides exposure (0.03) – outcome expectation on the prevention of pesticides exposure (0.54)- frequency of secondary occupation (0.53). Conclusion: We recommend intervention of attitude, practice, outcome expectation and occupation to set up policy for health services among cornfield farmers. https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/17288 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/17288/7036

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 49 11 2020 10 28 2225 2226 Saeed KHALEGHI Department of Nursing, School of Nursing & Midwifery, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran Ali SADEGHI MOGHADDAM Department of Nursing, School of Nursing & Midwifery, Dezful University of Medical Sciences, Dezful, Iran Anna ABDOLSHAHI Food Safety Research Center (Salt), Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran Akbar SHOKRI Network of Health Parsabad, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran Mehdi RAEI Health Research Center, Life Style Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Seyed Habibollah KAVARI Department of Rehabilitation Management, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran 2018 11 14 2018 12 09 No Abstract https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/15328 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/15328/7054

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 49 11 2020 10 27 2103 2110 Yibing LIU Department of Medical Oncology, Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province, China Qingju MENG Department of Orthopedics, The First Hospital of Xingtai, Xingtai, Hebei Province, China Li JING Department of Medical Oncology, Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province, China Li FENG Department of Medical Oncology, Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province, China Zhiguo ZHOU Department of Medical Oncology, Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province, China Zhiyu NI School of Basic Medical Science, Hebei University, The Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University, Bao ding, Hebei Province, China 2020 06 28 2020 08 20 Background: To study the anti-cancer effect of isoalantolactone, a sesquiterpene    lactoneisolated from the roots of Inula heleniumon human gynecologic cancer cells. Methods: A structure-activity relationship experiment was designed to identify the functional moiety of isoalantolactone for its significant anti-cancer activity. Five gynecologic cancer cell lines were treated with isoalantolactone. Cell proliferation was determined by MTT assay in vitro and cell apoptosis by flow cytometry. Results: We found isoalantolactone strongly inhibited the cell proliferationofHEC-1, HAC-2, HOC-21, and HeLa cells. Its inhibitory effect was comparable to that of well-known chemotherapeutic agents, cisplatin and taxol. Furthermore, isoalantolactone induced apoptosis in HeLa cells via caspase. On the contrary, its 11, 13-dihydro derivatives had much weaker anti-proliferative activities than the parent compound. Conclusion: Isoalantolactone exhibited strong anti-proliferative activities and apoptosis-inducing effects on gynecologic cancer cells. The 11, 13-dehydro lactone moiety was critical for its anti-proliferative activity. https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/21280 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/21280/7037

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 49 11 2020 10 28 2227 2229 Mohd Rahmat Bin Abdul HAMID Department of Anesthesiology, University of Malaya Medical Centre, Malaya, Malaysia Marzida Binti MANSOR Department of Anesthesiology, University of Malaya Medical Centre, Malaya, Malaysia Mohd Fitry Bin Zainal ABIDIN Department of Anesthesiology, University of Malaya Medical Centre, Malaya, Malaysia 2018 09 22 2018 10 08 No Abstract https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/14783 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/14783/7055

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 49 11 2020 10 27 2111 2119 Mihai IOVU Social Work Department, Babeș-Bolyai University, Cluj-Napoca, Romania Remus RUNCAN Social Work Department, West University of Timișoara, Timișoara, Romania Patricia-Luciana RUNCAN Social Work Department, West University of Timișoara, Timișoara, Romania Felicia ANDRIONI Department of Social-Humanities Sciences, University of Petroșani, Petroșani, Romania 2019 01 07 2019 02 23 Background: In recent years, Facebook has increasingly become an essential part of the lives of people, particularly youths, thus many research efforts have been focused on investigating the potential connection between social networking and mental health issues. This study aimed to examine the relationship between Facebook use, emotional state of depression, and family satisfaction. Methods: This study used the online survey created in Google Docs on the Facebook ‘wall’, as research method. The survey was available during Jun-Jul 2015 in Romania. In our cross-sectional study on a sample of 708 young Facebook users (aged 13-35), we divided the sample into 3 groups: ordinary, middle, and intense Facebook users. Materials and instruments: the survey comprised a series of basic demographic as well as some measures of Facebook addiction, depression, and family satisfaction. We used two methods connected with extensive Facebook usage, the first one measuring only the intensity of use, and the second one measuring not only the intensity but also the consequences of this use. Results: Facebook engagement is negatively related to family satisfaction. Moreover, Facebook engagement is positively related to depression symptoms. The Pearson correlations showed that higher Facebook intensity is positively associated with Facebook addiction. Conclusion: The study confirm previously published findings of other authors in the fields of social networking psychology. The study examined the relationship between Facebook use, depression, and life satisfaction and the hypotheses were supported. https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/15830 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/15830/7038

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 49 11 2020 10 28 2230 2231 EN Mojtaba NOUHI Health Equity Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran AND Health Technology Assessment Office, Deputy of Treatment Affairs, Ministry of Health and Medical Education, Tehran, Iran Alireza OLYAEEMANESH Health Equity Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran AND National Institute for Health Research, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Reza JAHANGIRI Department of Management and Information Sciences, Iran University of Medical Education, Tehran, Iran Mahdi NADERI Physician Payment System and Tariffs Office, Deputy of Treatment Affairs, Ministry of Health and Medical Educations, Tehran, Iran 2018 10 11 2018 10 31 No Abstract https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/14951 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/14951/7056

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 49 11 2020 10 27 2120 2127 EN Seyed Tayeb MORADIAN Atherosclerosis Research Center, Faculty of Nursing, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Akram PARANDEH Medicine, Quran and Hadith Research Center, Faculty of Nursing, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Robabe KHALILI Behavioral Sciences Research Center, Life Style Institute, Faculty of Nursing, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Leila KARIMI Behavioral Sciences Research Center, Life Style Institute, Faculty of Nursing, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran 2020 08 15 2020 09 10 Background: COVID-19 is a new disease, so we don’t know what comes next. Since information on delayed symptoms is limited, this study was conducted to assess the frequency of delayed symptoms in patients with COVID-19. Methods: This follow-up cross-sectional study was conducted in a referral general hospital in Tehran, Iran from Feb to Apr 2020. Two hundred patients hospitalized for COVID-19 and were discharged were assessed for delayed symptoms 6 wk after discharge. Results: The mean age of the participants was 55.58±13.52, and 160 (80%) Of them were male. On admission to hospital, patients reported a mean of 5.63±2.88 symptoms per patient, range from 1 to 14 symptoms. Dyspnea was seen in 119 (59.5%) 0f them as the most frequent symptom. Then weakness, myalgia, and shivering were reported with a frequency of 111 (55.5%), 107 (53.5%), and 103 (51.5%), respectively. Six weeks after discharge reassessment was done. None of the patients was readmitted to the hospital. Ninety-four (42%) of them were symptom-free. Fatigue was the most frequent delayed symptom with a frequency of 39 (19.5%), and then dyspnea, weakness, and activity intolerance with a frequency of 37 (18.5%), 36 (18%), and 29 (14.5%) were reported, respectively. Conclusion: Fatigue, dyspnea, weakness, anxiety, and activity intolerance were most frequent delayed symptoms, respectively. Majority of patient was symptoms free and those with symptom, had mild to moderate symptoms. The importance of symptoms is not fully recognized. Follow up clinics and in some cases rehabilitation programs may be helpful. https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/21834 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/21834/7039

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 49 11 2020 10 28 2232 2234 EN Saeed KHALEGHI Department of Nursing, School of Nursing & Midwifery, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran Ali SADEGHI MOGHADDAM Department of Nursing, School of Nursing & Midwifery, Dezful University of Medical Sciences, Dezful, Iran Anna ABDOLSHAHI Food Safety Research Center (Salt), Semnan University of Medical Scienses, Semnan, Iran Akbar SHOKRI Network of Health Parsabad, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran Mohammad KHANDAN Department of Occupational Health, Shool of Health, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran Mohsen POURSADEQIYAN Health Sciences Research Center, Torbat Heydariyeh University of Medical Sciences, Torbat Heydariyeh, Iran AND Student Research Committee, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran 2018 10 11 2018 12 02 No Abstract https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/14971 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/14971/7057

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 49 11 2020 10 27 2128 2135 Farnoush