Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 38 4 2009 12 15 0 0 Bijan Sadrizadeh 2015 10 03 Dear Dr Farhud Editor in Chief   It is a well-known fact that in our daily life we can learn from everything including the good com­munica­tion practices among health professionals.                                                                Delayed communication is a challenge for effective health management in many parts of the world in par­ticular the developing countries.                                                                               Sometimes we learn lessons from a simple exchange of emails between a national public health officer and a WHO program manager. As an example, few weeks ago I sent the following email message to Dr Keiji Fukuda the Special Adviser on Pandemic Influenza to the Director General, World Health Organiza­tion as follows:     Dear Dr Fukuda    First of all I should  congratulate you for your excellent work including valuable information being con­veyed to the Member States through the WHO Site concerning  the most recent developments in the area of the new Influenza A (H1N1) so called Pandemic (H1N1) 2009. However, sometimes there is contra­dictory information placed on some of the popular sites of the world which is misleading .As an exam­ple, I would like to refer to the Yahoo News which refers to the interview of the Director General in Paris. I am sure the text published by the (AFP) is at least to some extent manipulated. Also the text of the Article is somehow different with the title. This is in contrast with the excellent document placed on the WHO site under the Global Alert and Response (GAR) entitled "preparing for the second wave: les­sons from current outbreaks of Pandemic (H1N1)2009, briefing note 9. Whereas I have no doubt about the fast and extensive spread of the pandemic. I personally disagree with the exaggerations being made by the media/press concerning the intensity and the dangers of the pandemic which creates a lot of tension among the populations and results in a great deal of unnecessary expenses due to over doings by the Member States. I believe, while we should closely and seriously continue to monitor the spread, trend and intensity of the pandemic and its impact on the health system, at the same time we should miti­gate its harmful effects on the populations and be prepared for unusual /unexpected changes of the vi­rus. In my view, we should not overestimate the magnitude of the problem as it may result in overspend­ing of the limited resources which are badly needed for other priority problems of the coun­tries. Furthermore, we may lose the trust and confidence of the decision makers and the communities, should we commit mistakes in our judgments or make unjustified recommendations. Although I have a lot more to say and share with you, I stop here and look forward to receiving your comments and guid­ance on the subject. Last but not least, may be because of the same reasons, as a member of the National Technical Committee on Influenza. Most of the times I have different views on the issues. That is why sometimes, I think either I am "Dumb" or others are "Deaf" or both.                    With best wishes                              Bijan     Surprisingly, I received the following response from Dr Fukuda the same day in two hours:   Dear Dr Sadrizadeh Thank you for your note. I think we are now entering into the most difficult period so far in terms of commu­nications. There is so much second guessing going on. Plus there is the usual reporting in which the reporters did not get it right. For example, after the Le monde article I believe the DG was quoted in some places as saying "unbelievable" rate when she said that the speed of spread is unprecedented, and that this H1N1 virus spread further in 6 weeks than in 6 months with previous pandemics. We are also see­ing stories which are simply a manipulation. Some of the issues, however, are also extremely difficult to explain. The spread has been very fast. Most people develop self limited illness. However, there is still much concern because those who die are more likely to die from an unusually rapid and severe respiratory failure, thought to be initiated by pri­mary viral pneumonia, rather than the causes usually seen with seasonal flu and those dying are also much younger. Finally, many countries have been able to function during the pandemic. However, some countries and their health systems have undergone extreme stress. Finally, we need to know what is going on now but must be prepared for the future- which could be a less severe disease, the same thing, or a more severe disease.                                                                                                                               Putting this all together in a way the regular person can understand has not been easy, so typically, a re­porter stresses one or another aspect and we often see imbalanced stories.          anyway I believe the answer is not to try and correct all of these stories one by one-an endless task-but to further develop our communications and information strategy so that WHO is more consistently put­ting out accurate information on a regular basis. We will step up.                                                                                                                                               It is very good to hear from you and best regards.   Keiji   The interesting point in the above exchange of emails is the fact that somebody in WHO has the respon­sibil­ity of dealing with the fourth global influenza pandemic, so called "Pandemic (H1N1) 2009" finds him­self under obligation to respond to somebody else who may not be even known to him, in a transparent, fast and  comprehensive manner. I firmly believe that the same type of communication should exist between the health professionals and man­agers everywhere, both within the countries and between the countries and the WHO, if we are go­ing to tackle the health problems of the world today successfully.   Yours sincerely Bijan Sadrizadeh President of Iranian Public Health Association   https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/3143 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/3143/2942

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 38 4 2009 12 15 1 9 AR Mesdaghinia Center for Environmental Research, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Iran F Vaezi AH Mahvi K Naddafi M Alimohammadi 2015 10 03 Background: The goal was to upgrade and/or uprate the traditional non-contact array by producing few modifications in the configuration of this model in order to maximize light receiving of water from the UV lamp and a better disinfection.  Methods: An innovative non-contact model was made with a design based on irradiation of water, which was flowing as two thin waterfalls around a UV lamp in order to have direct germicidal rays from all positions of the lamp. By this water cir­culating and traditional water flow in an ordinary canal below the lamp, UV light would reach every drop of water effec­tively. Another model which had been studied was a simple stair type design in which a bare lamp was fixed over the shiny steel steps. Re­sults of water disinfection in two flow rates of 12 and 24 L/min were compared with traditional design at ex­actly similar conditions.   Results: Disinfection in this new model produced more reduction in fecal coliforms concentration than the traditional array and the inactivation efficiency was specified to be 3.65 log reduction compared to 2.93 log, in the turbidity of 0.5 NTU. Be­sides, this new model was quite capable in disinfection of water with high turbidities up to 20 NTU. Conclusion: The reduction in disinfection efficiency at higher flow rates for new model was much less than traditional ar­ray. Results of water disinfection in the simple stair type were not wonderful and even it was less satisfactory compared to tradi­tional model. The reason is that the flow of water was not set parallel to the length of the lamp. https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/3144 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/3144/2943

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 38 4 2009 12 15 10 20 M Shalileh F Shidfar SH Eghtesadi H Haghani I Heidari 2015 10 03 Background: Coronary heart disease is one of the most important problems of public health. One risk factor is dyslipidemia. Evidence from molecular and animal research and epidemiologic investigations indicate that calcium intake may influence lipid metabolism.But intervention studies have produced conflicting results.Objective of this study was to determine the effects of calcium supplementation on serum lipid profiles in the face of caloric restriction in obese adults. Methods: A double blind randomized placebo-controlled trial on 40 adults with Body Mass Index (BMI)>25kg/m² was con­ducted in Iran University of Medical Sciences in 2006.Subjects were maintained for 24 weeks on a balanced deficit diet (-500 kcal/d deficit) and randomly assigned to two groups with 1000 mg ca/d as calcium carbonate, or placebo. A General Linear Model was used for the analyses. Results:  There were no significant differences in variables at the 12th and 24th week between the two groups (P> 0.015). But the total cholesterol, LDL-C decreased significantly at the 12th and 24th week in the two groups compared to the initial values (P< 0.05). Ratios of TC/HDL-C,TC/LDL-C and LDL-C/HDL-C decreased significantly at the 12th and 24th week compareddto baseline only in the calcium group (P< 0.05). Similarly, TG and VLDL-C decreased significantly at the 24th week compared to baseline only in the calcium group (P< 0.05). Conclusions: Twenty four weeks of supplementation with 1000 mg ca/d did not have any effect on serum lipoprotein beyond what can be achieved in an energy restricted diet https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/3145 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/3145/2944

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 38 4 2009 12 15 21 28 SH Salarilak HR Khalkhali R Entezarmahdi FG Pakdel HR Faroukheslamloo 2015 10 03 Background: Infant mortality is one of the main indexes in the assessment of a society's access to the primary health care ser­vices. Many factors are involved in this regard. The present study aimed at determining the structural association be­tween socio-economic variables and the rate of infant mortality rate. Methods: The required data and information were collected from the multiple indicator cluster surveys (MICS,1998), reports of the Statistical Centre of Iran (SCI) from the population indices in 2003, the project of Incomes and Costs of the Iranian Families (2002) and the National Health Survey on Iran (NHS- 1999). In this study dependent variable was IMR and in­dependent variable was demographic and socioeconomic factors. The data were analyzed by Path Analysis method. Results: According to the standardized coefficients, the illiteracy rate of the women aged 15-46 years is one of the main fac­tors that, not directly but indirectly awareness, attitude and performance of the women, increases IMR by as much as 0.8, partly about 0.3 due to the lack of access to the health services such as urbanity and the percentage of caesarean. In addition, the index of consumption costs has direct and decreasing effect of about 0.353 on the infant mortality rate. Conclusion: Reduction in women's illiteracy rate, increase of the families, welfare and the present of access to high quality services are the most important factors that decrease IMR.    https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/3146 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/3146/2945

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 38 4 2009 12 15 29 34 E Saberfar A Najafi Z Goodarzi H Lashini 2015 10 03 Background: Avian influenza virus (AIV) infection is a major cause of bird and human morbidity and mortality. We aimed to evaluate a specific and sensitive multiplex RT-PCR that can simultaneously detect influenza type A viruses and differenti­ate the two most important subtypes of avian influenza viruses H7 and H9 subtypes. Methods: A multiplex reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (mRT-PCR) was developed and optimized for the detec­tion of type A influenza virus. Simultaneously avian H7 and H9 hemagglutinin subtypes was differentiated. Three sets of specific oligonucleotide primers were used in this test for type A influenza virus, H7 and H9 heamagglutinin subtypes. Results: The mRT-PCR DNA products were visualized by gel electrophoresis and consisted of fragments of 313 bp for H7 and 428 bp for H9 hemagglutinin subtypes, and 101 bp for type A influenza virus. The common set of primers for type A influ­enza virus were able to amplify a 101 bp DNA band for any of the other subtypes of influenza A virus. Conclusion: The mRT-PCR assay developed in this study was found to be sensitive and specific.  No specific amplification bands of the same sizes (313 and 428 bp) could be amplified for RNA of other influenza hemagglutinin subtypes, nor spe­cific amplification bands of type A influenza (101 bp) for Influenza B, C, or other viral or bacterial pathogens tested in this study. https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/3147 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/3147/2946

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 38 4 2009 12 15 35 45 M Babaei H Jaafarzadeh AR Sadjadi F Samadi A Yazdanbod M Fallah S https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/23443 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/23443/7128

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 50 2 2021 02 01 245 256 Mahtab TABATABAIE Nutrition and Food Security Research Center, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran Sepideh SOLTANI Yazd Cardiovascular Research Center, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran Hassan MOZAFFARI-KHOSRAVI Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran Amin SALEHI-ABARGOUEI 1. Nutrition and Food Security Research Center, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran 2. Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran 2019 09 14 2020 05 29 Background: Zinc as one of the important trace elements in human health has been suggested to be a supplement for modifying the level of adipokines, whereas findings from studies have been inconsistent. This study aimed to systematically review the evidence provided by randomized controlled trials (RCTs) regarding the effect of zinc supplementation on serum adipokines levels. Methods: PubMed, Google Scholar, Web of Science, and Scopus were systematically searched up to June 2019. The mean differences and their corresponding standard deviations (SDs) of changes in serum adipokines levels were used as effect size. Results: Eight eligible RCTs (leptin n=6, adiponectin n=3) were included in the current study. There were no significant changes in serum leptin levels [weighted mean difference (WMD) =0.60 ng/ml, 95% confidence interval (CI): -1.78, 2.99; I-squared (I2) = 64.3%] and adiponectin levels (WMD = 1.09 ng/ml, 95% CI: -0.76, 3.18, I2 = 78.8%) following zinc supplementation compared to placebo group. These findings did not change after considering several subgroups including gender, study duration, health status, body weight and the type of zinc used for supplementation. Conclusion: No evidence was found to support the efficacy of dietary zinc supplements on serum levels of adipokines. Further, high-quality, long-term controlled clinical trials are warranted to confirm these findings. https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/18361 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/18361/7124

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 50 2 2021 02 01 413 414 EN Jupil KO Division of Health and Kinesiology, Incheon National University, Incheon, Republic of Korea Young-Min PARK Division of Health and Kinesiology, Incheon National University, Incheon, Republic of Korea 2020 11 17 2020 12 16 No Abstract https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/22650 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/22650/7144

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 50 2 2021 02 01 297 305 EN Hsin-Yi YANG Department of Medical Research, Ditmanson Medical Foundation Chia-Yi Christian Hospital, Chia-Yi City, Taiwan Cheng-Ren CHEN Department of Internal Medicine, Ditmansion Medical Foundation Chia-Yi Christian Hospital, Chia-Yi City, Taiwan Shih-Yu LEE Department of Internal Medicine, Ditmansion Medical Foundation Chia-Yi Christian Hospital, Chia-Yi City, Taiwan Wen-Chen TSAI Department of Health Services Administration, China Medical University, Taichung City, Taiwan Yueh-Han HSU 1. Department of Medical Research, Ditmanson Medical Foundation Chia-Yi Christian Hospital, Chia-Yi City, Taiwan 2. Department of Internal Medicine, Ditmansion Medical Foundation Chia-Yi Christian Hospital, Chia-Yi City, Taiwan 3. Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung City, Taiwan 4. Department of Nursing, Min-Hwei College of Health Care Management, Tainan City, Taiwan 2019 02 14 2019 05 22 Background: The field of physician health is gaining increasing attention; however, most research and interventions have concentrated on factors such as job stress, mental health, and substance abuse. The risks of major cancers in physicians remain unclear. We used a propensity score-matched analysis to investigate the risk of cancer in physicians relative to the general population who had no healthcare-related professional background. Methods: Data were obtained from the National Health Insurance system in Taiwan. The physician cohort contained 29,713 physicians, and each physician was propensity score-matched with a person from the general population. Results: The physicians demonstrated a 0.90-fold lower risk of all-cancers (95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.83 – 0.96) when compared with the general population. Female physicians had a higher risk of cancer than male physicians (adjusted hazard ratio [HR] = 1.59; 95% CI = 1.28 – 1.96). Physicians had higher risks of prostate (HR = 1.26; 95% CI = 1.00 – 1.59) and thyroid cancers (HR = 3.16; 95% CI = 1.69 – 5.90) when compared with the general population. Conclusion: Physicians have lower rates of overall cancer risk than the general population. Female physicians have higher cancer risks than male physicians. Male physicians have higher risks of thyroid and prostate cancer relative to the general population. https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/16242 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/16242/7129

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 50 2 2021 02 01 257 270 Mahdi MALAKOUTIKHAH Student Research Committee, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran Hadiseh RABIEI Department of Occupational Health Engineering, School of Health, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Soheil HASSANIPOUR Cardiovascular Diseases Research Center, Department of Cardiology, Heshmat Hospital, School of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sci-ences, Rasht, Iran Mehdi JAHANGIRI Department of Occupational Health Engineering, Research Center for Health Sciences, School of Health, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran 2020 01 24 2020 06 24 Background: Unsafe behaviors are the cause of 80% of accidents. However, there has also been no worldwide review and meta-analysis of the prevalence of workers’ unsafe behaviors. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate and estimate the prevalence of unsafe behaviors among Iranian workers using a systematic review and meta-analysis study. Methods: This systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted from Nov to Dec 2018. The researchers searched Medline/PubMed, Scopus, Embase, Science Direct, and Google Scholar for international articles and four Iranian databases (Scientific Information Database, MagIran, IranMedex, and IranDoc) for Persian articles. The method of reporting this study was based on the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis) checklist. Results: Overall, 235 articles from databases were imported to EndNote library. Final screening of the included studies produced a total of 38 studies. Based on the random-effect model, the prevalence of total unsafe behaviors, non-use or inappropriate use of personal protective equipment, and inappropriate work posture was 40.37% (CI 95% = 35.8-44.9), 27.79% (CI 95% = 21.2-34.3), and 14.87% (CI 95% = 10.7-18.9). There was no statistically significant relationship between unsafe behaviors and mean age, mean of work experiences, and year of study. Conclusion: The prevalence of unsafe behaviors among Iranian workers was relatively high and the most common behaviors were non-use or inappropriate use of PPE; one of the most important causes for this behavior is lack of training, inappropriate working conditions, and lack of positive attitude towards safety. Therefore, further studied are required to investigate the causes of these unsafe behaviors. https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/19535 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/19535/7125

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 50 2 2021 02 01 415 417 Nurul Izzah IBRAHIM Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Jalan Yaacob Latif, Bandar Tun Razak, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia Mohd Sharkawi AHMAD Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Jalan Yaacob Latif, Bandar Tun Razak, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia Mohamed ZULFARINA Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Jalan Yaacob Latif, Bandar Tun Razak, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia Sharifah Nurul Aqilah SAYED MOHD ZARIS Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Jalan Yaa-cob Latif, Bandar Tun Razak, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia Nor Azlin ZAINAL ABIDIN Department of Orthopedics & Traumatology, Hospital Kuala Lumpur, Jalan Pahang, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia Isa Naina MOHAMED Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Jalan Yaacob Latif, Bandar Tun Razak, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia Norazlina MOHAMED Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Jalan Yaacob Latif, Bandar Tun Razak, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia Sabarul Afian MOKHTAR Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Jalan Yaa-cob Latif, Bandar Tun Razak, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia Ahmad Nazrun SHUID Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine UiTM, Sg Buloh Campus, Selangor, Malaysia 2018 10 25 2018 12 02 No Abstract https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/15101 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/15101/7145

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 50 2 2021 02 01 306 314 Feifei LI Two Areas of Galactophore Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, P.R. China Wei LIU One Areas of Galactophore Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, P.R. China Fei HUO Two Areas of Galactophore Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, P.R. China Weifang HE Two Areas of Galactophore Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, P.R. China Fan YANG Department of Pathology, Shaoxing Second Hospital, Shaoxing 312000, P.R. China Jiabin WEI Department of Pathology, Zhoukou Central Hospital, Zhoukou 466000, P.R. China Jing WANG Two Areas of Galactophore Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, P.R. China 2020 06 29 2020 08 20 Background: We aimed to investigate the effect of self-controlled exercise on the antioxidant activity of red blood cells and the recovery of limb function in patients with breast cancer after rehabilitation. Methods: Overall 130 breast cancer patients admitted to the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, China from Feb 2018 to Jan 2019 were divided into intervention group and control group. The control group received perioperative care and chemotherapy, the intervention group implemented a self-controlled exercise program. Indexes were compared between the two groups before intervention, 3 months and 6 months after intervention. Results: The activity of erythrocyte superoxide dismutase (SOD in the intervention group was significantly increased in the first 3 months (P=0.030), and decreased from 3rd to 6th month (P=0.033). The glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activity in the intervention group increased through the whole intervention period. The plasma malondialdehyde (MDA) in the intervention group was significantly decreased (P=0.029, 0.012). After intervention for 3 months and 6 months, the 6MND distances in the intervention group were significantly longer (P=0.001, 0.045). The average exercise time in the intervention group were significantly increased (P=0.004, 0.000). Conclusion: Self-controlled exercise can effectively improve the antioxidant ability of red blood cells in patients with breast cancer, improve the mobility of shoulder joints of the affected side and increase their exercise capacity, with good sustainability. It has positive effect on postoperative rehabilitation, could be used in long-term regular clinical work. https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/21299 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/21299/7130

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 50 2 2021 02 01 418 420 Shenghui YAO Department of Gynecology, Xuzhou No.1 People's Hospital, Xuzhou 221002, P.R. China Huili SUN Department of TCM Physiotherapy, Xuzhou No.1 People's Hospital, Xuzhou 221002, P.R. China 2020 08 26 2020 10 14 No Abstract https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/21988 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/21988/7146

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 50 2 2021 02 01 315 324 Haewon BYEON Department of Medical Big Data, College of AI Convergence, Inje University, Gimhae 50834, Republic of Korea 2019 05 19 2019 06 25 Background: We aimed to develop a model predicting the participation of the elderly in a cognitive health program using the random forest algorithm and presented baseline information for enhancing cognitive health. Methods: This study analyzed the raw data of Seoul Welfare Panel Study (SWPS) (20), which was surveyed by Seoul Welfare Foundation for the residents of Seoul from Jun 1st to Aug 31st, 2015. Subjects were 2,111 (879 men and 1232 women) persons aged 60 yr and older living in the community who were not diagnosed with dementia. The outcome variable was the intention to participate in a cognitive health promotion program. A prediction model was developed by the use of a Random forests and the results of the developed model were compared with those of a decision tree analysis based on classification and regression tree (CART). Results: The random forests model predicted education level, subjective health, subjective friendship, subjective family bond, mean monthly family income, age, smoking, living with a spouse or not, depression history, drinking, and regular exercise as the major variables. The analysis results of test data showed that the accuracy of the random forests was 72.3% and that of the CART model was 70.9%. Conclusion: It is necessary to develop a customized health promotion program considering the characteristics of subjects in order to implement a program effectively based on the developed model to predict participation in a cognitive health promotion program.       https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/17222 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/17222/7131

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 50 2 2021 02 01 421 422 Ibrahim TOTIC Faculty of Law, State University of Novi Pazar, Novi Pazar, Republic of Serbia Mirza TOTIC Faculty of Law, State University of Novi Pazar, Novi Pazar, Republic of Serbia 2018 11 03 2018 11 10 No abstract https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/15227 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/15227/7147

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 50 2 2021 02 01 325 332 Dahong SUN Department of Pediatrics, The Third People’s Hospital of Qingdao, Qingdao266041, China Qing WANG Department of Imaging, The People’s Hospital of Zhangqiu Area, Jinan250200, China Xiaoyan ZHANG Picu, Qingdao Women and Children's Hospital, Qingdao266000, China Xiuzhen ZHAO ZHAO Department of Pediatrics, The People’s Hospital of Zhangqiu Area, Jinan250200, China Haiyan ZHANG Department of Pediatrics, The People’s Hospital of Zhangqiu Area, Jinan250200, China Aimei LIU Outpatient Department, Weifang People’s Hospital, Weifang 261041, China 2020 08 18 2020 10 14 Background: To investigate the clinical application value of the combination of the inflammatory factors and dynamic detection in the diagnosis and treatment of neonatal sepsis by detecting serum inflammatory factor C-reactive protein (CRP), procalcitonin (PCT), and interleukin-6 (IL-6) levels before and after treatment of neonatal infection.  Methods: A total of 138 neonates with different degrees of infection were randomly enrolled, including 88 cases in the sepsis group and 50 cases in the virus infection group. Another 50 non-infected newborns in the same period were enrolled as the normal control group. Venous blood of all subjects for CRP, PCT, IL-6 detection, and send bacterial blood culture for sepsis and virus infection groups were collected at the same time. In the recovery period, venous blood of children in sepsis group was collected again to review CRP, PCT, IL-6, and differences in each test index of each group were compared. Results: The serum CRP, PCT, IL-6 levels in the sepsis group were significantly higher than those in the virus infection group (all P <0.05); serum CRP, PCT, IL-6 levels in the sepsis group were significantly lower than before treatment (P <0.05); the sensitivity and accuracy of the combined detection of indicators for the diagnosis of neonatal sepsis were significantly improved. Conclusion: The inflammatory factors CRP, PCT, and IL-6 are closely related to the occurrence and development of neonatal sepsis. Combined detection can effectively improve the diagnostic accordance rate, which is beneficial to the early diagnosis and early clinical intervention of neonatal sepsis. https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/21864 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/21864/7132

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 50 2 2021 02 01 423 424 EN Raja ZAKARIA Laboratory of Human Ecology, Faculty of Science Semlalia, University of Cadi Ayyad, Marrakesh, Morocco Hakima AMOR Laboratory of Human Ecology, Faculty of Science Semlalia, University of Cadi Ayyad, Marrakesh, Morocco Abdellatif BAALI Laboratory of Human Ecology, Faculty of Science Semlalia, University of Cadi Ayyad, Marrakesh, Morocco 2018 07 20 2018 08 27 No Abstract https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/14119 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/14119/7148

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 50 2 2021 02 01 333 340 Yanli LIU Department of Pediatrics, Qilu Hospital (Qingdao), Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Qingdao 266000, China Xiuhua SUN Property Management Section, Zhangqiu District People’s Hospital, Jinan 250200, China Yaqiong WANG Department of Infectious Diseases, Qingdao Central Hospital, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266000, China Cuihong XING Nursing Department, Zhangqiu District People’s Hospital, Jinan 250200, China Li LI Department of Neurosurgery, Zhangqiu District People’s Hospital, Jinan 250200, China Shiying ZHOU Department of Pediatrics, Qilu Hospital (Qingdao), Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Qingdao 266000, China 2020 06 19 2020 10 14 Background: To evaluate changes of associated markers in neonatal pathological jaundice due to bacterial infection in newborns, to provide an experimental basis for early diagnosis and treatment of neonatal pathological jaundice. Methods: A total of 126 newborns with neonatal pathological jaundice in the Pediatrics Department of Qilu Hospital (Qingdao), Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University from Jan 2016 to Jun 2018 were enrolled. The patients were divided into bacterial infection group (76 cases with combined bacterial infection) and non-infection group (50 cases without bacterial infection). Peripheral blood was drawn from patients, and levels of inflammatory factors, levels of indexes of liver function and levels of cardiac markers were detected. Correlation between inflammatory factors and neonatal pathological jaundice was assessed. Results: The levels of WBC, hs-CRP and PCT in the bacterial infection group were significantly higher than those in the non-infected group (P<0.05). The level of TRF in the bacterial infection group was significantly lower than that in the non-infection group (P<0.01). In the bacterial infection group, the levels of WBC, hs-CRP, PCT, and TRF were positively correlated with the levels of CK, CKMB, LDH, and α-HBDB, respectively (all P<0.05). The TRF level after treatment was significantly higher than that before treatment (P<0.01). Conclusion: Markers such as WBC, hs-CRP, PCT, and TRF can be used as effective indicators in diagnosis of pathological jaundice due to bacterial infection in newborns. The combined testing of WBC, hs-CRP, PCT, and TRF was helpful for early diagnosis and early clinical intervention of neonatal pathological jaundice, which can lower the risk of clinical complications. https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/21188 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/21188/7133

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 50 2 2021 02 01 425 427 Farbod ALINEZHAD Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran Mahin AHANGAR OSKOUEE 1. Infectious and Tropical Diseases Research Center, Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran 2. Department of Microbiology & Virology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran Hossein BANNAZADEH BAGHI 1. Infectious and Tropical Diseases Research Center, Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran 2. Department of Microbiology & Virology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran Siamak TAMIRI OSKOUEE Faculty of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran Heidar-Ali ESMAEILI Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran 2018 12 23 2019 01 05 No Abstract https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/15684 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/15684/7149

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 50 2 2021 02 01 341 349 Fateme DAVARZANI Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran Navid SAIDI Molecular Microbiology Research Center (MMRC), Faculty of Medicine, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran Saeed BESHARATI Molecular Microbiology Research Center (MMRC), Faculty of Medicine, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran Horieh SADERI Molecular Microbiology Research Center (MMRC), Faculty of Medicine, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran Iraj RASOOLI Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran Parviz OWLIA Molecular Microbiology Research Center (MMRC), Faculty of Medicine, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran 2020 05 22 2020 09 23 Background: Pseudomonas aeruginosa is one of the most common opportunistic bacteria causing nosocomial infections, which has significant resistance to antimicrobial agents. This bacterium is a biofilm and alginate producer. Biofilm increases the bacterial resistance to antibiotics and the immune system. Therefore, the present study was conducted to investigate the biofilm formation, alginate production and antimicrobial resistance patterns in the clinical isolates of P. aeruginosa. Methods:  One hundred isolates of P. aeruginosa were collected during the study period (from Dec 2017 to Jul 2018) from different clinical samples of the patients admitted to Milad and Pars Hospitals at Tehran, Iran. Isolates were identified and confirmed by phenotypic and genotypic methods. Antimicrobial susceptibility was specified by the disk diffusion method. Biofilm formation and alginate production were measured by microtiter plate and carbazole assay, respectively. Results: Sixteen isolates were resistant to all the 12 studied antibiotics. Moreover, 31 isolates were Multidrug-Resistant (MDR). The highest resistance rate was related to ofloxacin (36 isolates) and the least resistance was related to piperacillin-tazobactam (21 isolates). All the isolates could produce the biofilm and alginate. The number of isolates producing strong, medium and weak biofilms was equal to 34, 52, and 14, respectively. Alginate production was more than 400 μg/ml in 39 isolates, 250-400 μg/ml in 51 isolates and less than 250 μg/ml in 10 isolates. Conclusion: High prevalence of MDR, biofilm formation, and alginate production were observed among the clinical isolates of P. aeruginosa. The results also showed a significant relationship between the amount of alginate production and the level of biofilm formation. https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/20881 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/20881/7134

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 50 2 2021 02 01 15540 15540 Mohammad SAADATI Road Traffic Injury Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran Ramin REZAPOUR Iranian Center of Excellence in Health Management, School of Health Management and Medical Informatics, Tabriz University of Medical Sci-ences, Tabriz, Iran 2018 12 06 2018 12 15 No Abstract https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/15540 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/15540/7150

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health<