Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 39 2 2010 06 15 1 6 E Gozalpour K Kamali K Mohammd HR Khorram Khorshid M Ohadi M Ohadi M Karimloo A Mirabzadeh A Fotouhi 2015 10 03 Background: Alzheimer's disease as a neurodegenerative disorder is the commonest type of dementia. A growing number of genes have been reported as the risk factors, which increase the susceptibility to Alzheimer's disease. Apolipoprotein E (APOE), which its ε4 allele has been reported as a risk factor in late onset Alzheimer's disease (AD), is the main cholesterol carrier in the brain. The main goal of this study was to assess the role of APOE genotypes and alleles in AD in Iranian population. Methods: This study was performed in Tehran, Iran from 2007 to 2008. Totally, 154 AD cases and 162 control subjects from Iranian population were genotyped for APOE using PCR method. Genotype and alleles frequencies for APOE were calculated and compared between AD case and control subjects by χ2 or Fisher's exact test. Type one error assumed less than 0.05. Results: The frequency of ε2ε3 genotype was significantly higher in control subjects than AD patients was (13.5% versus 5.2%, P< 0.05) and ε3ε4 genotype frequency was significantly higher in AD cases compared with control subjects. APOE -ε2 allele frequency in cases was lower than that of control subjects but this difference was not significant (4.2% versus 7.7%). Conclusion: It seems that individuals carrying ε4 allele, develop AD 6.5 times more than non-carriers do (OR= 6.566, 95% CI= 2.89-14.92). It has been reported that ε4 allele acts in dose- age-dependent manner but we have shown that the risk of developing AD in male APOE -ε4 allele carriers is higher than that of female ε4 carriers. https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/3109 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/3109/2908

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 39 2 2010 06 15 7 12 AR Mesdaghinia AH Mahvi R Saeedi H Pishrafti 2015 10 03 Background: A new biological domestic wastewater treatment process, which has been presented these days in activated sludge modification, is Upflow Sludge Blanket Filtration (USBF). This process is aerobic and acts by using a sludge blanket in the separator of sedimentation tank. All biological flocs and suspended solids, which are presented in the aeration basin, pas through this blanket. The performance of a single stage USBF process for treatment of domestic wastewater was studied in laboratory scale. Methods: The pilot of USBF has been made from fiberglass and the main electromechanical equipments consisted of an air com­pressor, a mixing device and two pumps for sludge return and wastewater injection. The wastewater samples used for the experiments were prepared synthetically to have qualitative characteristics similar to a typical domestic wastewater (COD= 277 mg/l, BOD5= 250 mg/l and TSS= 1 mg/l). Results: On the average, the treatment system was capable to remove 82.2% of the BOD5 and 85.7% of COD in 6 h hydraulic re­tention time (HRT). At 2 h HRT BOD and COD removal efficiencies dramatically reduced to 50% and 46.5%, respectively. Conclusion: Even by increasing the concentrations of pollutants to as high as 50%, the removal rates of all pollutants were re­mained similar to the HRT of 6 h. https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/3110 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/3110/2909

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 39 2 2010 06 15 13 17 MA Amirkhani SM Alavian M Dashti T Aminaie G Ardalan H Ziaoddini P Mirmoghtadaee P Poursafa R Kelishadi 2015 10 03 Background: Screening of students´ health problems could lead to timely prevention and control of many health disorders. This study aimed to determine the nationwide prevalence of common disorders through school health screening program in Iran Methods: This cross-sectional national screening program was conducted in 2007-2008 among first- and third-grade- stu­dents in primary schools, first- grade-students of middle and high schools of all provinces in Iran. Results: Data were obtained from 3,124,021 (81.9%) students reported from the whole country classified into 33 geographi­cal zones. Of total students studied, 12.48% had weight abnormalities, 4.77% had visual disorders, 3.95 % had head lice, 2.24% had behavioral disorders, and 0.6% had hearing disorders. Among students studied, 0.4%, 0.7%, 0.4% and0.8% had endo­crine, psychological, neurological and genitourinary disorders, respectively. In addition, 2.1%, 1.9%, 1.8%, 0.8%0.5%, 0.3% and 0.3% of  students had ear, nose & pharynx disorder, anemia ,skin & hair , cardiac ,abdominal, vertebral and lung prob­lems, respectively. In elementary schools, 57.6% of first-grade- students with at least one disorder were managed in outpa­tient settings and 6% of them were hospitalized for more investigation. Among third- grade- students of elementary schools, these values corresponded to 13.2% and 1.1%, respectively. Among first grade students of middle and high schools, this prevalence was 58.5% and 44.6% and 1.2% and 0.3% of students were hospitalized for more investigation. Conclusion: This integrated school screening program revealed a considerably high prevalence of health disorders among school students. These results might help health policy makers to design future health promoting programs. https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/3111 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/3111/2910

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 39 2 2010 06 15 18 23 H Malekafzali M Baradaran Eftekhari F Hejazi T Khojasteh R (Heidari) Noot K Falahat T Faridi 2015 10 03 Background: More than 8% of Iran's populations are elderly. The greatest challenge in this generation is improvement of health and quality of life. So we decided to perform an interventional study with the aim of promoting the health of the eld­erly. Methods: This study was a community interventional in Ekbatan Complex. Subjects were elderly. At first, need assessment was done with the participation of 200 elderly by questionnaire. Based on the need assessment, we designed the educational inter­ventions in different fields such as nutrition, mental health, and exercise and then, we compared the results. Results: 0ne hundred elderly participated as interventional group. There were 86% women and 24% of men. Almost 59% were in the 60-69 age group. More than ¼ of the subjects were univer­sity graduates. Pre and post interventional groups were matched in age, education and gender. Regarding nutrition, second priority food in women aged 60-69 was rice and after the intervention, it was changed to vegeta­bles (P= 0.05) but in other age groups and in the men's groups no difference were noted.Aerobic exercises in women has increased after the intervention (P= 0.01). With regards to mental health, life satisfaction among women under study has increased from 68% to 90% after the intervention (P= 0.01). Feeling happy most of the time has increased from 53% to 83% in women aged 60-69 (P= 0.01) and in men from 64% to 83% (P= 0.05) respectively. Conclusion: Policymakers should design long-term educational programs to promote the elderly lifestyles.   https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/3112 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/3112/2911

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 39 2 2010 06 15 24 29 M Safara F Zaini SJ Hashemi M Mahmoudi AR Khosravi F Shojai-Aliabadi 2015 10 03 Background: Aflatoxins cause health hazards to human and animals and has also economical problems. Therefore, the de­toxification effect of citric acid was investigated in rice as the main food of Iranian people. Methods: Initially 275 samples of rice were examined for aflatoxins by HPLC. The aflatoxins contaminated samples were later treated by aqueous citric acid and detoxification of aflatoxins were quantified using HPLC. Results: Among the 275 samples analyzed, aflatoxin B1 and aflatoxin B2 were detected in 211(76.72% of total) samples. Afla­toxin B1 was detected in 203(73.82% of total) samples with a mean and standard deviation of 2.3±10.21ppb. Aflatoxin B2 together with aflatoxin B1 were detected in only 8(2.91% of total) samples with a mean and standard deviation of 1.38±2.7ppb of aflatoxin B2 and 2.99±1.56 of aflatoxin B1 respectively. Aflatoxin B1 level in 5 samples (1.82%) was above the maximum tolerated level of aflatoxin B1 in Iran (5ppb). However considering the Iranian maximum tolerated level for aflatox­ins in rice (30ppb), only 3(1.09%) samples were above the 30ppb and also in regard to the European maximum toler­ated level for aflatoxins in rice (4ppb), only 9(3.27%) samples were considered as higher than 4ppb. Conclusion: The HPLC assay showed that although aflatoxins with a concentration of <30 and <4 ppb in the rice samples were completely degraded, but 97.22% degradation occurred in rice contaminated with ³30 and ³4ppb when treated with 1N citric acid. These results revealed the efficacy of 1N citric acid in reducing aflatoxins levels in rice. https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/3113 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/3113/2912

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 39 2 2010 06 15 30 38 Adebola Adedimeji Olayemi Alawode Oluwole Odutolu 2015 10 03 Background: Availability of antiretroviral therapies has transformed AIDS into a manageable chronic condition and im­proved well-being among people living with HIV/AIDS (PHA) in developed countries. In developing countries however, such transformations are yet to occur due to socio-economic, systemic and environmental constraint. This study examined the impact of social, economic, psychological and environmental factors on health and wellbeing among PHA living in south­west Nigeria. Methods: Using qualitative participatory methodology, 50 HIV positive people, 8 health personnel and 32 care providers were interviewed to explore how care and social support affect wellbeing among PHA in view of constraints to accessing antiretro­viral drugs. Analysis of data used the grounded theory (GT) approach to identify themes, which are considered cru­cial to the wellbeing of PHA. Results: The findings highlight several factors, apart from antiretroviral drugs, that impact the wellbeing of PHA in south­west Nigeria. These include concerns about deteriorating physical health, family and children's welfare, pervasive stigma, finan­cial pressures and systemic failures relating to care among others. We describe how psychosocial and social support struc­tures can considerably contribute to improving health outcomes among them because of how they affect the function­ing of immune system, self-care activities and other illness behaviours. Conclusion: We recommend that interventions should address the psychosocial, socio-economic and other systemic issues that negatively influence the wellbeing of PHA and governments need to strengthen the policy environment that empowers PHA support groups.       https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/3114 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/3114/2913

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 39 2 2010 06 15 39 44 M Hajia AA Amirzargar H Khedmat N Shahrokhi M Farzanehkhah SM Ghorishi S Biglari AR Salehinodeh A Sarafnejad 2015 10 03 Background: Successful treatment to eliminate HCV RNA depends on the identified genotype. In the present study, we com­pared the frequency of different HCV genotypes, during four years study (2004 till 2008).  Methods: Sera specimens were received from 16 provinces of Iran. We used High Pure Viral Nucleic Acid Purification kit for extraction and samples were tested with improved form of RT-PCR technique. HCV genotypes were determined using Am­plisense PCR kit and Amplicor HCV Monitoring Version 2 test utilized a reverse transcription (RT)-PCR approach to quan­titative HCV RNA. Two hundreds six HCV positive specimens were entered to the study out of 389 tested samples. Results: Type 3a was the most frequent type (46.6%), followed by type 1 (including 1a and 1b with 25.73% and 17.47% for each respectively) wieting the study objectives were obtained from patients’ medical records spanning the 2015-2018 period. The sample for the study comprised of 985 postmenopausal women aged ≥ 50 yr who underwent bone mineral densitometry examination and received a FRAX score for major osteoporotic fractures and hip fractures with and without bone mineral density. The obtained FRAX scores were compared across the subjects with respect to the age of menopause onset and menopause duration. Results: The group that entered into menopause before the age of 45 had a high risk of hip fracture (OR: 1,652; 95% CI: 1,138 - 2,399; P<.01) and a higher mean FRAX score for hip fracture compared to women in whom menopause started after the age of 45 (Me=1.60 vs. 1.30, P<.004). FRAX scores were also correlated with menopause duration, and the difference between the groups with the longest (over 20 yr) and the shortest (1–10 yr) duration was statistically significant at P<.001. Conclusion: As menopause duration could contribute to the prediction of fracture risk, its inclusion in the FRAX algorithm should be considered, while also taking into account the age of menopause onset.   https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/26393 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/26393/7880

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 52 3 2023 03 02 476 487 Eliane De Oliveira Guedes De Aguiar 1. Postgraduate Program in Medical Sciences, State University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil 2. Laboratory of Mechanical Vibrations and Integrative Practices-LAVIMPI, Department of Biophysics and Biometry, Institute of Biology Roberto Alcântara Gomes and Polyclinic Piquet Carneiro, State University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil 3. Bezerra de Araújo College, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil Eloa Moreira Marconi 1. Laboratory of Mechanical Vibrations and Integrative Practices-LAVIMPI, Department of Biophysics and Biometry, Institute of Biology Roberto Alcântara Gomes and Polyclinic Piquet Carneiro, State University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil 2. Postgraduate Program in Clinical and Experimental Pathophysiology, State University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil Bruno Bessa Monteiro-Oliveira 1. Laboratory of Mechanical Vibrations and Integrative Practices-LAVIMPI, Department of Biophysics and Biometry, Institute of Biology Roberto Alcântara Gomes and Polyclinic Piquet Carneiro, State University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil 2. Bezerra de Araújo College, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil 3. Postgraduate Program in Clinical and Experimental Pathophysiology, State University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil Aline Cristina Gomes-Santos 1. Postgraduate Program in Medical Sciences, State University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil 2. Laboratory of Mechanical Vibrations and Integrative Practices-LAVIMPI, Department of Biophysics and Biometry, Institute of Biology Roberto Alcântara Gomes and Polyclinic Piquet Carneiro, State University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil 3. Postgraduate Program in Clinical and Experimental Pathophysiology, State University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil Ana Carolina Coelho Oliveira 1. Laboratory of Mechanical Vibrations and Integrative Practices-LAVIMPI, Department of Biophysics and Biometry, Institute of Biology Roberto Alcântara Gomes and Polyclinic Piquet Carneiro, State University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil 2. Postgraduate Program in Clinical and Experimental Pathophysiology, State University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil Laisa Liane Paineiras-Domingos Department of Physical Therapy, Multidisciplinary Institute of Rehabilitation and Health, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil Danubia Cunha Sá-Caputo 1. Postgraduate Program in Medical Sciences, State University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil 2. Laboratory of Mechanical Vibrations and Integrative Practices-LAVIMPI, Department of Biophysics and Biometry, Institute of Biology Roberto Alcântara Gomes and Polyclinic Piquet Carneiro, State University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil 3. Bezerra de Araújo College, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil Mario Bernardo Filho Laboratory of Mechanical Vibrations and Integrative Practices-LAVIMPI, Department of Biophysics and Bi-ometry, Institute of Biology Roberto Alcântara Gomes and Polyclinic Piquet Carneiro, State University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil 2022 05 04 2023 03 02 Background: Menopause is a natural phase in a woman's aging process. Menopause leads to the decrease of the estrogen levels, and in consequence the functionality worsening. Physical exercise can improve the functionality of postmenopausal woman. This review aimed to assess the effect of whole-body vibration exercise (WBVE) on the functionality of postmenopausal women. Methods: PRISMA guideline were used. Only English language were considered. Searches were conducted using relevant keywords for papers prior to Sep 16th, 2021, in Embase, Pubmed, The Cochrane Library, PEDro, SPORTDiscus, Scopus, Web of Science and CINAHL databases. Results: Eight articles were selected to be in this systematic review. The mean score of methodological quality was moderate, the risk of bias was low for two studies, high for four studies, and unclear for two studies. The level of evidence of the studies was II. Improvements on muscle strength, jump, balance and maximum trunk flexion strength in the post menopause woman were reported. Conclusion: This systematic review demonstrated the functionality increase in postmenopausal women through WBVE. WBVE has been recommended as a non-pharmacological option relevant to postmenopausal management, helping to control the decline in bone density and symptoms related to osteoporosis and sarcopenia. However, further studies are needed to reinforce these findings. https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/28595 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/28595/7875

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 52 3 2023 03 03 665 666 EN Antonio Iudici Department of Philosophy, Sociology, Education and Applied Psychology, University of Padova, Via Venezia, Padova, Italy Donata De Donà Department of Philosophy, Sociology, Education and Applied Psychology, University of Padova, Via Venezia, Padova, Italy Elena Faccio Department of Philosophy, Sociology, Education and Applied Psychology, University of Padova, Via Venezia, Padova, Italy Jessica Neri Department of Philosophy, Sociology, Education and Applied Psychology, University of Padova, Via Venezia, Padova, Italy Gianpiero Turchi Department of Philosophy, Sociology, Education and Applied Psychology, University of Padova, Via Venezia, Padova, Italy 2020 09 27 2020 12 28 No Abstract https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/22341 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/22341/7895

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 52 3 2023 03 02 542 552 Liang Wu Department of Emergency Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar 161006, China Yue Zhang Section of Chinese as a Foreign Language, International Education School, Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar 161006, China Chunlei Zheng Department of Surgical Oncology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar 161006, China Fuqiang Zhao Department of Surgical Oncology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar 161006, China Yan Lin Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine, Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar 161006, China 2022 09 28 2022 12 18 Background: The role of γ-aminobutyric acid receptor (GABR) in breast cancer (BC) is unknown. Methods: The expression of different GABR subunits between BC and adjacent normal tissues was compared using transcriptome data set. The clinical and prognostic importance of the various GABR subunit genes in BC was determined using clinical and survival data (Data downloaded from TCGA, May 2022). Only GABRD was discovered to be substantially expressed and strongly related to the prognosis of BC cases. Results: Compared with normal tissues, GABRD expression was increased in all subgroups of breast cancer tissues. Knockdown of GABRD inhibited the growth of BC cells. Mechanistically, the function of GABRD may be attributed to its effect on major pathways such as oxidative phosphorylation, Parkinson disease, and cell cycle. GABRD deletion significantly blocked the G2/M phase in BC cells. Conclusion: Overall, GABRD might be a novel prognostic predictor of BC, providing clues for further studies on GABRD. https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/29937 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/29937/7881

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 52 3 2023 03 02 488 499 Shoaib Ghasemi Student Research Committee, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Fatemeh Fasih-Ramandi Department of Occupational Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Mohammad Reza Monazzam Department of Occupational Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Soheila Khodakarim 1. Department of Epidemiology, School of Health and Safety, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran 2. Department of Biostatistics, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran 2021 12 20 2022 07 16 Background: White noise (WN), because of its unique behavior and characteristics, has different applications in different sciences. Nevertheless, the results of studies and reviews of the literature on occupational safety and health found that this type of noise is often used as a noise source to assess the effects of hearing and its physical characteristics. Its possible applications in this area have not received as much attention. The present review study aimed to answer the question, "Can WN be used as a means of promoting occupational safety and health at the workplace?". Methods: In this review, we reviewed the articles published in reputable databases from 1990 to 2020. Our study included 33 articles from 120 that were searched in full text and followed the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Results: Various applications were examined, including noise masking, white noise therapy, cognitive functions, and sleep. WN can enhance the work environment and meet occupational safety and health objectives based on the study's results. The results of this study will provide a basis for continuing research into the use of WN in the workplace as an engineering and management control method. Conclusion: WN is being used in various fields that may hold promise for its application in occupational health sciences and maintaining the well-being of workplace workers.   https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/27233 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/27233/7876

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 52 3 2023 03 03 667 668 Sung-Bum Ju Department of Physical Education, Busan National University of Education, Busan, South Korea 2020 05 11 2020 05 29 No Abstract https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/20763 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/20763/7896

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 52 3 2023 03 02 553 562 EN Dahye Park Department of Nursing, Semyung University, Jecheon-si, Chungcheongbuk-do, Republic of Korea Jeehye Jun School of Nursing, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA 2022 02 05 2022 06 07 Background: Although sleep problems are prevalent among people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), many research gaps exist in this area. The aims of this study were to identify sleep duration and sleep difficulty in people with COPD and to determine factors influencing these sleep variables. Methods: This cross-sectional study employed data from the 8th Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) performed in 2019. A total of 408 people with COPD were included in the study. Individuals’ sociodemographic, COPD-related, and psychological characteristics were examined to determine factors affecting their sleep duration and sleep difficulty. Results: Of 408 study subjects, almost 95% had mild or moderate COPD. The mean sleep duration of the subjects was 6.73 hours per day, indicating short sleep duration. Subjects with elementary school or no education, middle individual income, unmarried status, or depression were more likely to have shorter sleep duration than those with middle or high school education, low individual income, married status, or no depression. In addition, over 54% of subjects experienced mild to severe sleep difficulty. Female gender, low family income, and more perceived stress were significantly associated with greater sleep difficulty. Conclusion: Among the study subjects, over 40% had short sleep duration or mild to severe sleep difficulty. Although COPD severity was not significantly associated with sleep duration or sleep difficulty, sociodemographic disparities in sleep health were observed.   https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/27680 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/27680/7882

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 52 3 2023 03 02 500 514 Sakineh Dadipoor Social Determinants in Health Promotion Research Center, Hormozgan Health Institute, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran Fatemeh Akbarizadeh Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Radiology, School of Dentistry, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran Mohtasham Ghaffari Department of Health Education & Health Promotion, School of Public Health and Safety, Shahid Beheshti University of Medi-cal Sciences, Tehran, Iran Abbas Alipour Epidemiology Thalassemia Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran Ali Safari-Moradabadi Department of Health Promotion and Education, Social Determinants of Health Research Center, School of Health, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran 2022 06 07 2022 10 25 Background: The present research aimed to assess the effects of oral health intervention programs at school level on students’ oral hygiene in developing countries. To this aim, a systematic review and meta-analysis approach was employed. Methods: The present research was done by surfing electronic databases with MEDLINE Ovid (Embase Ovid, Scopus), Web of Science from 2000 to Mar 2020. The data were collected using a standard type of data collection including specific studies to observational ones, and the data entered RevMan 2014. The eligibility criteria were individually randomized controlled trials (RCTs) or cluster-RCTs including quasi- experimental papers with oral health interventions. The RevMan 2014 package was used for a meta-analysis done through random-effects models. Results: Meta-analyses revealed statistically significant divergences in terms of knowledge (SMD 3.31, 95% CI 2.52 to 4.11; I2 = 98; P<0.001), attitude (SMD 1.99, 95% CI 0. 43 to 3.54; I2 = 99; P<0.001), behavior (SMD 4.74, 95% CI 3.70 to 5.77; I2 = 99; P<0.001), plaque index (SMD -1.01, 95% CI -1.50 to -0. 51; I2 = 97; P<0.001) and Gingival index (SMD 0. 33, 95% CI -0. 36 to 1. 02; I2 = 98; P=0.34) in the case of students who received educational interventions versus those with ordinary care. Conclusion: The present findings attested to the effectiveness of the educational interventions in improving oral health knowledge, attitudes, behaviors, and so on which can presumably contribute to a better oral hygiene, lower incidence of oral diseases, and lower costs of the treatments imposed by oral diseases. https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/28967 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/28967/7877

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 52 3 2023 03 03 669 671 Khandan Shahandeh Research Deputy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Hamidreza Basseri Department of Medical Entomology and Vector Control, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran 2021 02 05 2021 03 06 No Abstract https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/23772 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/23772/7897

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 52 3 2023 03 02 563 574 Yiming Jiang Department of Emergency, The Affiliated Changzhou No.2 People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, 213003, China Jinhai Wang Department of Emergency, The Affiliated Changzhou No.2 People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, 213003, China He Zhang Department of Emergency, The Affiliated Changzhou No.2 People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, 213003, China Yeping Min Department of Emergency, The Affiliated Changzhou No.2 People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, 213003, China Tijun Gu Department of Emergency, The Affiliated Changzhou No.2 People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, 213003, China 2022 08 19 2022 12 18 Background: Polarization of macrophages and miR-7 have been reported to greatly influence the progress of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). However, the interaction is unclear. We aimed to investigate the role of miR-7 in the serum exosome of COPD, thus further revealing the underlying mechanism of COPD. Methods: The study was conducted in 2022 in The Affiliated Changzhou No.2 People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, China. COPD mouse model was established. Macrophages were sorted by flow cytometry assay. ELISA kits were used to detect the levels of TNF-α and IL-6. Exosomes were identified by confocal microscopy and PKH67 staining. RT-qPCR and western blot assay were performed to determine the mRNA and protein expressions. H&E staining assay was used to assess the tissue injury. CCK-8 assay was applied to evaluate cell viability. Luciferase reporter assay was used to confirm the binding between PIM1 and miR-7.  Results: The exosomes derived from the COPD mice serum exerted high level of miR-7, which induced M1 differentiati