Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 36 1 2007 03 15 1 14 M Hashemzadeh Chaleshtori DD Farhud MA Patton 2015 10 03 Background: Mutations in the GJB2 gene encoding connexin 26 protein, are the main cause for autosomal recessive and sporadic non syndromic hearing loss in many populations. Here, we have taken together and reviewed results from our six previous publications, our unpublished data from ten Iranian provinces, as well as data from two previous mutation reports to provide a comprehensive collection of data for GJB2 mutations and deafness in Iran. Methods: In all, 1095 hearing impaired students and their deaf siblings from 890 families in 10 provinces of Iran were studied. The prevalence and type of the GJB2 gene mutations were investigated using nested PCR pre screening strategy and direct sequencing of the coding exon of the gene. Results: Altogether 31 different genetic variants were detected from which 17 GJB2 mutations were identified. GJB2 mutations were found in 14.6% of deaf families (18.29% of familial and 12.7% of sporadic cases). We found GJB2 mutations in both alleles in 78% of GJB2 mutations chromosomes. However, 35delG mutation was the most common GJB2 mutation accounting for 74.5% of the mutations in populations studied. Conclusion: Our data indicated that a specific combination of GJB2 mutations types and frequencies was presented in different populations of Iran. These results also highlight the importance of GJB2 mutations in development of hearing loss in familial and sporadic deaf families in different parts of the country and can be used as a basis of genetic counseling and clinical guideline in Iran. https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/2127 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/2127/2108

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 36 1 2007 03 15 15 21 Z Kechrid S Amamra F Dahdouh N Bouzerna 2015 10 03 Background: To investigate the effect of CaNa2-EDTA and experimental diabetes (IDDM) on zinc and carbohydrate metabolism and the activities of GOT, GPT and alkaline phosphatase. Methods: Forty male normal albino (Wistar) rats of 8 weeks of age were fed with a basal diet. Twenty rats were then intraperitoneally injected with alloxan to induce diabetes. Then after one week ten rats from each group (n= 20) were administrated intraperitoneally with CaNa2-EDTA for further three weeks. Body weight gain and food intake were recorded regularly. On day 21 animals were killed and blood glucose, serum and tissues zinc concentrations, liver glycogen contents, serum transaminase enzymes (GOT, GPT), and serum alkaline phosphatase activities were determined. Results: The administration of CaNa2-EDTA significantly altered body weight gain, food intake and serum zinc concentration of either diabetic or non-diabetic animals. Both diabetic and non-diabetic rats given CaNa2-EDTA had higher blood glucose than their controls. Liver glycogen was also found to be higher in CaNa2-EDTA non-diabetic rats than their controls. CaNa2-EDTA also led to increasing of GOT and GPT, and decreasing serum alkaline phosphatase. Conclusion: To conclude, the present study demonstrates that CaNa2-EDTA had an effect on the previous parameters. Therefore it was appeared that CaNa2-EDTA resulted in the development of severe diabetes. https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/2128 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/2128/2109

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 36 1 2007 03 15 22 26 AR Khabiri F Bagheri MR Siavashi M Assmar 2015 10 03 Background: Anaphylactic reactions, such as urticaria, edema, respiratory symptoms, and anaphylactic shock often complicate the course of Cystic Echinococcosis (CE). Methods: To investigate the role of the IgE immunoreactive antigen 5 (Ag 5) in the sero-positive patients with CE, we determined N-terminal of 57 kDa subunit of Ag5 responsible for IgE and C-terminal of this active antigen related to induction of IgG specifically. Results: Immunoblotting analysis showed that specific IgE to 57-kDa subunit related to inter-chain disulphide band of two 22 kDa and 38-kDa component of Ag5 and conformational epitope on this subunits. In addition, since the 57 kDa component arise from the removal of the C-terminal portion of 22 kDa subunit of Ag5, thus IgE specifically recognized N-terminal of 22 kDa subunit which remain bounds to the other component, whereas IgG reacted with C-terminal of 38 kDa component of Ag5. Conclusion: Recognition of the specific binding site on the 57 kDa subunit of Ag5 could leads to understanding the mechanism regulating IgE/IgG production in some immune circumstances that IgE tends to some dominate, whereas in other IgG predominates. https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/2129 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/2129/2110

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 36 1 2007 03 15 27 34 AA Haghdoost L Kawaguchi A Mirzazadeh H Rashidi A Sarafinejad AR Baniasadi C Davies 2015 10 03 Background: To check the feasibility of using geographical information system (GIS) methods, we linked the brucellosis data of human and animals. Methods: In a village-based ecological study in Bardsir- a district in Kerman Province located nearly to the central part of Iran- data of human brucellosis, socio-economic level, and livestock characteristics (2001-4) were linked by using GIS methods. Results: Annual incidence of human brucellosis was 141.6 cases per 100,000 inhabitants. Most of the high risk villages were seen in the north and south of Bardsir (3.6% of villages). A positive association was observed between the frequency of brucellosis and density of cattle (OR=1.81, P= 0.007). In addition, the size of human population was an independent determinant factor (OR= 1.94, P< 0.001). No association was found between frequency of the disease and socio-economic indicators and also the density of sheep. Conclusion: Our study showed that we could generate informative risk maps of brucellosis using health and veterinary data which might improve the quality of control programme in Iran. https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/2130 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/2130/2111

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 36 1 2007 03 15 35 39 M Saadat 2015 10 03 Background: Although numerous studies have found deleterious effects of inbreeding on childhood and pre-reproductive mortality, one question remains inadequately addressed: Dose inbreeding lead to increased childhood mortality rates in countries with high level of consanguinity? Methods: To evaluate the public health impact of inbreeding on offspring mortality, the association between mean of inbreeding coefficient (α) and sex specific child and adult mortality rates in 24 countries from Asia and Africa was analyzed. Results: Statistical analysis showed that countries with relatively higher rates of consanguineous marriages have higher mortality rates than the countries with lower consanguinity rates. Also, countries with relatively higher GDP per capita have lower mortality rates. After controlling the GDP per capita, significant positive correlations between α and child (Female: r=0.4355, df=21, P=0.038; Male: r=0.3991, df=21, P=0.059) mortality rates were observed. There was no significant correlation between α and adult (Female: r=0.2977, df=21, P=0.168; Male: r=0.2207, df=21, P=0.312) mortality rates, after controlling for GDP per capita. Conclusion: It is concluded that consanguinity influences child deaths rate independent of the GDP per capita and that a large proportion of deaths could be attributed to inbreeding in several countries due to high frequencies of consanguinity. https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/2131 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/2131/2112

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 36 1 2007 03 15 40 44 H Mirhendi K Diba A Rezaei N Jalalizand L Hosseinpur H Khodadadi 2015 10 03 Background: Yeast infections are increasing cause of morbidity and mortality in immunocompromised patients. In order to perform a DNA-based diagnostic test, availability of a rapid and easy-to-perform DNA extraction protocol is essential. In the present study we evaluated colony-PCR as the easiest way to amplification of target DNA. Methods: Instead of using templates of purified genomic DNA, we performed the PCR directly from yeast colonies or cultures. Serial cell dilution of three reference yeast strains including Candida albicans, Cryptococcus neoformans and Saccharomyces cerevisiae were used for determining the sensitivity of the colony-PCR. A total of one hundred yeast isolates were also tested. All reactions were performed using the universal fungal primers ITS1 and ITS4 complementary to the rDNA region. Results: The colony-PCR resulted in a single band (with different sizes) for 106 cells or more for all reference species. Furthermore 98 out of 100 (98%) of samples showed a relevant single band after PCR. Conclusion: Directly application of the yeast cells obtained from culture colony for PCR reaction is a fast, reliable, cost-effective and simple method for performing any PCR-based protocol including diagnostic tests. https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/2132 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/2132/2113

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 36 1 2007 03 15 45 49 HR Rahimi EB Kia SH Mirhendi A Talebi M Fasihi Harandi N Jalali-zand MB Rokni 2015 10 03 Background: Echinocuccus granulosus, the causative agent of cystic echinococcosis has long been recognized as having a high degree of genetic divergence. The strains characterization seems to be essential for the establishment of a preventive and control strategy in every endemic area. Using DNA based methods for strain /genotype characterizations of E. granulosus have some difficulties, especially access to an efficient and pure concentration of DNA and proper primers. Methods: Using grinder method, a pure and high concentration DNA was extracted from 10 human hydatid cysts collected from Isfahan (central Iran) hospitals, and processed for PCR reaction. Results: Using DNASIS, the primers were designed in internal transcribed spacer 1 (ITS1) region, following analysis of 30 E. granulosus nucleotide sequences, extracted from gene bank. Conclusion: This new and specific E. granulosus primer which amplified DNA thoroughly can be applied for molecular studies on echinococcosis. https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/2133 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/2133/2114

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 36 1 2007 03 15 50 54 A Sarafnejad F Siavoshi R Safaralizadeh S Masarat F Khosravi R Malekzadeh B Nikbin AR Salehi-Nodeh 2015 10 03 Background: Flow cytometry is a rapid, sensitive, and reliable method for determination of bacterial viability. Here we assayed the capability of flow cytometry to detect Helicobacter pylori viable cells in both forms of spiral and coccoid. Methods: Viable bacteria stained with Rhodamin 123 and fluoresced with laser beam of 488nm. The rate of Rh123 absorption was determined in both forms of bacteria. Results: In positive control that consisted of live bacteria, the rate of rh123 absorption was at highest, but negative control that consisted of dead bacteria, the rate of Rh 123 absorption was at lowest absorption. This method showed that non-culturable coccoid forms of H. pylori, which could resist environmental stresses, were alive and might be responsible for bacterial transmission and failure in disease treatment. Conclusion: Due to simplicity, reliability, and sensitivity of flow cytometry, this method is preferred to other expensive and no reliable methods such as autoradiography, PCR and Electron microscopy used for assessment viability. https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/2134 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/2134/2115

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 36 1 2007 03 15 1555 1557 EN Ani Manukyan Department of Zoonotic and Parasitic Diseases Epidemiology, National Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Yerevan, Armenia 2025 01 20 2025 07 08 No Abstract. Not Abstract. https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/37902 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/37902/8611

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 54 7 2025 07 08 1452 1461 Gökben Anıl Istanbul Bilgi University Faculty of Health Sciences Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Istanbul, Turkey Neslihan Çetin Istanbul Bilgi University Faculty of Health Sciences Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Istanbul, Turkey Hande Seven Avuk Istanbul Bilgi University Faculty of Health Sciences Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Istanbul, Turkey 2024 05 03 2025 06 01 Background: Depression is not only a mental health condition, but also a complex disorder that affects eating behaviors and food choices, leading to changes in body weight. This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between body mass index, eating behaviors, food choices, and depression levels in adults. Methods: This cross-sectional study conducted in Istanbul from Apr to Jun 2022 included 208 adults aged 18 to 65 yr (mean 30.84±9.21 yr). A questionnaire consisting of sociodemographic information, Food Choice Questionnaire (FCQ), Dutch Eating Behavior Questionnaire (DEBQ) and Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) was applied. Height and body weight were measured. Results: Of the participants were 9.6% underweight, 48.1% normal, 30.8% overweight, and 11.5% obese. Underweight individuals had significantly lower weight control scores compared to normal and overweight, and their restrictive eating scores were significantly lower than those of normal, overweight, and obese (P=0.001). Compliance scores affecting food choice were significantly lower in individuals with minimal depression than in those with mild and moderate depression (P=0.018). Emotional and external eating were higher in moderately depressed individuals than in those with minimal depression (P=0.001; P=0.018, respectively). Restrictive eating was significantly lower in individuals with minimal depression than in those with moderate and severe (P<0.001). Mood, appropriateness, natural content, weight control, and ethical concern affecting food choice were associated with eating behaviors (P<0.05). Conclusion: Body weight and depression levels were important factors in food choice and eating behaviors in adults. Our findings emphasize the importance ofDepression considering eating behaviors and depression levels in individuals' food choice motivations. https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/35394 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/35394/8600

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 54 7 2025 07 07 1364 1376 Bayram Deleş Department of Child Development, Institute of Health Sciences, Ankara University, Ankara, Türkiye Neriman Aral Department of Child Development, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ankara University, Ankara, Türkiye 2025 01 13 2025 03 19 Background: The Father Role Perception Scale (FRPS) is a widely used tool to assess fathers' perceptions of their parenting roles. Understanding the consistency of its measurement across different studies is crucial for reliable interpretation of research findings. Methods: A comprehensive literature search identified 317 studies on fathering roles. Applying inclusion criteria, 32 studies with 9,987 participants were selected for meta-analysis. Cronbach's alpha coefficients, an indicator of internal consistency reliability, were extracted from each study and analyzed to determine the overall reliability of the FRPS. Results: The meta-analysis revealed an average Cronbach's alpha value of 0.80 for the FRPS, indicating generally acceptable reliability. However, variability in reliability was observed across studies, potentially attributable to sample characteristics, data collection methods, or cultural differences. Conclusion: While the FRPS demonstrates acceptable reliability for assessing fathers' perceptions of their parenting roles, researchers should conduct reliability analyses within their specific study groups and consider potential influencing factors when interpreting results. This meta-analysis contributes valuable information for researchers and practitioners in family and child health, aiding in the understanding of fatherhood experiences and the development of supportive programs. https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/37815 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/37815/8592

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 54 7 2025 07 08 1558 1560 Yeowon Jeong Department of Nursing, College of Nursing, Dongguk University WISE Campus, 123 Dongdae-ro, Gyeongju-si, Gyeong-sangbuk-do, 38066, Republic of Korea Jung-Ha Kim Department of Nursing, College of Nursing, Dong-A University, 32 Daeshingongwon-ro, Seo-gu, Busan 49201, Republic of Korea 2024 10 28 2024 12 15 No Abstract. Not Abstract. https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/37046 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/37046/8612

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 54 7 2025 07 08 1462 1471 EN Dan Li College of Science, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, Zhengzhou, China Kai Li School of Finance and Taxation, Henan Finance University, Zhengzhou, China 2025 05 26 2025 07 08 Background: As an important psychological antecedent of smartphone addiction, loneliness may have a far-reaching effect on the mental health of teenagers, especially their psychological depression. Interpersonal trust, which is an important psychological trait of individuals in social interaction, may play multiple mediating roles between loneliness and psychological depression. Methods: Overall, 691 adolescent smartphone addicts in Henan Province, China were surveyed by a group questionnaire. Relevant data were collected via loneliness scale, psychological depression scale, and interpersonal trust scale (including overall trust, emotional trust, and reliableness). The effect of loneliness on the psychological depression of adolescent smartphone addicts was discussed via statistical analysis, and the multiple mediating roles played by interpersonal trust in this relationship were tested. Results: Loneliness has a significantly positive effect on the psychological depression of adolescent smartphone addicts (P<0.01). Overall trust and emotional trust play a partial mediating role in the influence of loneliness on psychological depression, whereas reliableness plays a masking role in this influence relationship. Significant differences are observed in the influence of two factors—the length of smartphone use and the age—on the psychological depression of adolescent smartphone addicts (P<0.01). Conclusion: This study reveals the effect of loneliness on the psychological depression of adolescent smartphone addicts and the mediating role of interpersonal trust. To reduce the risk of adolescent psychological depression, psychological health intervention measures should attach importance to the enhancement of interpersonal trust, especially overall and emotional trust. https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/39269 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/39269/8601

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 54 7 2025 07 07 1377 1388 Jacob Attah Public Health Department, University of Suffolk, Ipswich, United Kingdom Martha Attah 1. Department of Human Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Cyprus International University, Nicosia, Cyprus 3. Department of Human Anatomy, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Maiduguri, Borno State, Nigeria 2024 05 16 2025 02 06 Background: The results of the risk factors associated with tobacco use is a public health concern that slows global progress in the achievement of the Sustainable Development Goal 3 to ensure healthy lives. This is more pronounced in low-income countries like Nigeria where tobacco use remains prevalent leading to various types of non-communicable diseases. This study aimed to review systematically relevant literature to unravel the effects of interventions and policies geared towards tobacco control within Nigeria. Methods: A systematic search of PubMed and ProQuest central databases, including an exploration of Google Scholar was carried out from 2012-22 for relevant studies within the last decade. The final selected studies were screened based on strict inclusion and exclusion criteria and their quality critically appraised. Six articles were included in the final review, 2 were cross-sectional studies, and 4 were experimental. Results: Thematic and narrative synthesis of reports showed that tobacco price increase led to lower tobacco demand and use as the price elasticity of tobacco demand estimated in different target groups provided. Moreover, health education interventions positively affected tobacco control as there was a change in knowledge, attitude and practice in groups that had received interventions in Nigeria. Conclusion: The chosen interventions and policies were effective in promoting tobacco control. There should therefore be an intentional drive to ensure enactment of policies based on the WHO Framework Convention on Tobacco Control. A global effort also must also be put to tackle prevalent health inequalities especially in developing countries like Nigeria. https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/35539 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/35539/8593

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 54 7 2025 07 08 1561 1562 Shabnam Ghasemyani Department of Health Services Management, School of Health Management and Information Sciences, Iran University of Med-ical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Rahim Khodayari-Zarnaq Department of Health Policy and Management, School of Management and Medical Informatics, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran 2025 01 28 2025 06 08 No Abstract. Not Abstract. https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/38000 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/38000/8613

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 54 7 2025 07