Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 45 12 2016 12 27 1595 1603 Mei HA School of Nursing, Chongqing Medical and Pharmaceutical College, Chongqing 400020, PR China Xiaoling QIAN The Second Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, PR China Hong YANG School of Nursing, Chongqing Medical and Pharmaceutical College, Chongqing 400020, PR China Jichun HUANG School of Nursing, Chongqing Medical and Pharmaceutical College, Chongqing 400020, PR China Changjiang LIU Key Lab of Birth Defects and Reproductive Health of National Health and Family Planning Commission, Chongqing Population and Family Planning Science and Technology Research Institute, Chongqing 400020, PR China 2016 12 27 2016 12 27 Background: The public’s cognition of stroke and responses to stroke symptoms are important to prevent complications and decrease the mortality when stroke occurs. The aim of study was to develop and validate the Chinese version of the Stroke Action Test (C-STAT) in a Chinese population. Methods: This study was rigorously implemented with the published guideline for the translation, adaptation and validation of instruments for the cross-cultural use in healthcare care research. A cross-sectional study was performed among 328 stroke patients and family members in the Department of Neurology in the Second Hospital of Lanzhou University, Gansu province, China in 2014. Results: The Chinese version of the instrument showed favorable content equivalence with the source version. Values of Cronbach’s alpha and test-retest reliability of the C-STAT were 0.88 and 0.86, respectively. Principal component analysis supported four-factor solutions of the C-STAT. Criterion-related validity showed that the C-STAT was a significant predictor of the 7-item stroke symptom scores (R = 0.77; t = 21.74, P< 0.001). Conclusion: The C-STAT is an intelligible and brief psychometrical tool to assess individuals’ knowledge of the appropriate responses to stroke symptoms in Chinese populations. It could also be used by health care providers to assess educational programs on stroke prevention.   https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/8651 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/8651/5403