Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Public Health 2251-6085 45 12 2016 12 27 1568 1576 Somaye YOSAEE Dept. of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran AND Ewaz School of Health, Larestan School of Medical Sciences, Larestan, Iran Sepideh SOLTANI Dept. of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Eghbal SEKHAVATI Health Policy Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran Shima JAZAYERI Dept. of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran AND Research Center for Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran 2016 12 27 2016 12 27 Background: Heart disease is one of the most common chronic disease and leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Adropin, a newly identified protein, is important for energy homeostasis and maintaining insulin sensitivity, and has been referred to as a novel regulator of endothelial cells. Endothelial dysfunction is a key early event in atherogenesis and onset of HD. Therefore, this review gives a systematic overview of studies investigating plasma adropin level in patient with heart disease. Methods: Data carried out in PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Embase, Google scholar and MEDLINE, from the earliest available online indexing year through 2015. The search restricted to studies conducted in humans. The keyword search was adropin to apply in title, abstract and keywords. References lists of all original published articles were scanned to find additional eligible studies. Results: Heart failure (HF), coronary atherosclerosis acute myocardial infarction and Cardiac Syndrome X (CSX) were type of heart disease acknowledged in this study. Majority of evidences introduced low adropin as an independent risk factor of heart disease. In a case-control study, the plasma level of adropin increased with the severity of HF. Conclusion: Adropinmay be a potential serum biomarker for early diagnosis of HD.   https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/8631 https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/download/8631/5400